ML19256E670
| ML19256E670 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Issue date: | 06/30/1975 |
| From: | Hinson C, Murphy T Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| To: | |
| References | |
| NUREG-75-032, NUREG-75-32, NUDOCS 7911140421 | |
| Download: ML19256E670 (23) | |
Text
NUREG-75/032 Occupational Radiation Exposure At Light Water Cooled Power Reactors 1969-1974 June 1975 1714 303 Radiation Protection Section Radiological Assessment Branch Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission 7911140g][
Available from National Technical Information Service Springfield, Virginia 22161 Price: Printed Copy $3.25 ; Microfiche $2.25 1714 304
NUREG-75/032 OCCUPATIONAL PADIATION EXPOSURE AT LIGHT WATER COOLED POWER REACTORS 1969 - 1974 THOMAS D. MURPHY CHARLES S. HINSON RADIATION PROTECTION SECTION RADIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT BRANCH OFFICE OF NUCLEAR REACTOR REGULAT7.ON UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION 1714 305 JUNE 1975
[ ABSTRACT]
This report presents an updated compilation of occupational radiation exposures at commercial light water cooled power reactors for the years 1969 through 1974. The information is derived from reports submitted to the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission in accordance with requirements of individual plant Technical Specifications and Part 20.407 of Title 10, Chapter 1, Code of Federal Regulations
(.".J CFR Part 20. 407).
The MAN-REM / UNIT for all LWR's in 1974 is less than the 1973 value. The grand average since 1969, however, continues to increase. No significant trend was indicated over the period of 1969-1974 in the mean value of MAN-REM / MEGAWATT-YEAR.
i 1714 506
CONTENTS PAGE ABSTRACT.
1 INTRODUCTION.
1 DATA AND SOURCES.
2 MAN-REM PER UNIT PER YEAR.
3 MAN-REM PER MEGAWATI-YEAR.
7 EXPOSURE TO INDIVIDUALS.
8 10 CAUSES OF EXPOSURE.,.
_ TABLES 1.
MAN-RDI
SUMMARY
4 2.
MAN-REM PER MEGAWATI-YEAR.
7 3.
MEAN OCCUPATIONAL RADIATION EXPOSURE PER INDIVIDUAL.
9 4.
SUMMARY
OF ANNUAL WHOLE BODY EXPOSURES FOR LWR's BY EXPOSURE INCREMENT.
9 5.
TABULATION OF NUMBER OF PERSONNEL AND MAN REM BY WORK AND JOB FUNCTION.
11 FIGURE 1.
FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION (MAN-RDf/ UNIT FOR LWR'S FROM 1969-19 74/ YEAR) 6 APPENDIX A PERSONNEL, EXPOSURE AND POWER GENERATION
SUMMARY
A-1 11 1714 307
OCCUPATIONAL RADIATION EXPOSURES AT LIGHT WATER COOLED POWER REACTORS 1969 - 1974 INTRODUCTION This report contains a compilation of the occupational radiation exposures at light water nuclear power reactors for the years 1969-1974.
It is an updating of the information contained in WASH-1311(
, which provided data through 1973. Data from plants that were in commercial operation for a full year for the first time in 1974 have been added.
(1) Murphy, T.D., A Compilation of Occupational Radiation Exposures from Light Water Cooled Nuclear Power Plants 1969-1973, USAEC, WASH-1311, May 1974.
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.. _ _ _ _ _ SOURCE OF DATA The data through 1973 used in this report for light water reactors (LWR's) in operation in the period (1969-1973) was obtained as a result of inquiries made to each reactor licensee.
The data and licensee sources for this report are the same as those listed in WASH-1311 with two exceptions. One plant submitted revised radiation exposure information for the years 1960 through 1973(
One plant has been added for the first time in this report even though it had been in operation since 1969 The 1974 data for all plants were obtained from two sources,1) reports submitted to the USNRC to meet the requirements of 10 CFR Part 20.407; and 2) semiannual or monthly operating reports submitted in accordance with individual station Technical Specifications.
These reports are available in public document rooms (PDR) located near each lin gnsed plant or in the NRC PDR at 1717 H Street, Washington, D.C.
3 Since all power reactor licansees are required to report exposures in accordance with 10 CFR Part 20.407, tho7e data j,
\\
were used to calculate the MAN-REM / UNIT / YEAR.
(
(2) Letter to K. R. Coller, Assistant Director for Operating Reactors, U.S. A.E.C. from D. C. Switzer, Connecticut Yankee Power Company, Docket 50-213, dated June 19, 1974.
(3) Sixth Annual Report of the Operation of the USAEC's Centralized Ionizing Radiation Exposure Records and Reports System OSAEC, Sept. 1974.
1714 399 The terminology MAN-REM as used in this report was the subject of some confusion during the past year. MAN-REM as used here is the accumulation of the exposures for all individuals at the plant site including plant personnel, utility personnel brought in on a temporary basis, contractor personnel and visitors.
This accumulation of exposures can be expressed as total plant exposure (MAN-REM / YEAR) by summing the product of the numbers of individuals in each annual exposure range specified in 10 CFR Part 20.407 b(2) by the midpoint exposure in each range.
In a small number of cases licensees submitted the total summation of the actual exposures of all individuals at the site.
In either case the results are consistent within Il5%.
MAN-REM PER UNIT PER YEAR Appendix A presents the total annual MAN-REM received at each LWR power station.
If there is more than one unit at each station, the data in Appendix A is the total for all units.
The average (mean) exposure per unit per year for all LWR's catagorized by pressurized water reactor and boiling water reactor is presented in Table 1.
For those stations which have multiple units, the total exposure for the station is arbitrarily divided by the number of units at the station to get the average exposure for
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Although Table 1 indicatas that the grand
- average exposure for the 106 reactor operating years covered by the table is 404 MAN-REM / UNIT / YEAR, the frequency distribution of this data plotted in Figure 1 shows that the median exposure per unit per year is approximately 250 MAN-REM / UNIT / YEAR.
For 1974 MAN-REM / UNIT / YEAR for pressurized water reactors shows a drop from the 1973 value, while boiling water reactors dose increased.
The grand average MAN-REM / UNIT / YEAR for 1974, has not changed significantly from 1973, even though 1973 data contains one unit with an exposure of 5134 MAN-REM / UNIT / YEAR.
- The grand average MAN-REM / UNIT / YEAR is defined as the total exposure of vil plants from the current year and previous years af ter 1969 divided by the total reactor operating years for that total period.
(For example, the grand average MAN-REM / UNIT / YEAR for PWR's for 1970 would be the number of units (4) times the yearly average exposure (165) for 1969 plus the number of units (5) times the yearly average exposure (599) for 1970 divided by the total number of PWR units for 1969 and 1970 (9).
1714 312
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s3 MAN-REM PER MEGAWATT-YEAR The unit MAN-REM PER MEGAWATT-YEAR was introduced into the analysis this year to give a measure of the exposures at LWR's in relation to the energy produced. Appendix A has a column entitled MAN-REM pet MW-YR.
This statistic is the total MAN-REM for the station for the year divided by the t ;al number of megawatt years (electric) produced at the station for that year.
Table 2 presents the average MAN-REM per FEGAWATT-YEAR for each year 1969-1974.
TABLE 2 MEAN MAN-REM /FEGAWATT-YEAR YEAR BWR PRR ALL 1969 1.75
.66 0.94 1970 0.63 2.39 1.59 1971 1.36 1.12 1.22 1972 0.81 1.44 1.07 1973 1.0 2.13 1.55 1974 1.75 0.99 1.28 Until more experience with LWR's is accumulated it will be difficult to draw any conclusions from the data presented.
An attempt to relate MAN-REM / MEGAWATT-YEAR with the rated capacity 1714 314 of the units showed no signifi cant correlation.
Appendix A data shows that MAN-REM / MEGAWATT-YEAR generally increases after the first years of operatior.
For a detailed discussion of the relationship of exposure with the age of the plant, the reader should consult the NESP study on occupational exposure at nuclear power plants.
EXPOSURE TO INDIVIDUALS Ta 1974 an average of 500 persons per plant received measurable exposure.
This number is down f rom the 1973 value of 578 but is still greater than the average value of 334 personnel exposed per plant for the years 1969-1973.
The mean exposure per indivi-dual of 0.74 rem in 1974 remains below the limits allowed by 10 CFR Part 20 (see Table 3). Table 4 is a summary of the annual whole body exposures for LWR's by exposure increment for the years 1973 and 1974. The total number of personnel receiving more than one rem exposure in 19 74 declined from 1973.
(4)
Pelletier, Charles A., et al, Compilation and Analysis of Data on Occupational Radiation Exposure Experienced at Operating Nuclear Power Plants, National Environmental Studies Project, Atomic Industrial Forum, September 19 74.
1714 315
_9 TABLE 3 MEAN OCCUPATIONAL RADIATION EXPOSURE PER INDIVIDUAL MEAN EXPOSURE MEAN PERSONNEL YEAR PER INDIVIDUAL (REM)
PER PLANT 1969 1.06 141 1970 0.98 305 1971 0.96 302 1972 1.20 344 1973
- 0. 85 578 1974 0.74 500 TABLE 4 SU'OL\\nY OF A*;NUAL WiiOLE BODY EXPOSURES FOR LIGilT UATER PO'4ER REACTORS BY INCRE'IENT NU:!BER OF INDIVIDUALS NOT EXPOSURE INCREMENT-REM
__ YEAR 'iEASURABLE 0-1 1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6 6-7 7-8 8-9 9-10 10+
1973 20717 10249 2449 1585 432 237 117 71 33 16 7
0
_1974 16475 L2079 2348 13131437 210, 76 23 2
0 0
0 1714 316 CAUSES OF EXPOSURE Table 5 accounts for approximately 39 percent of the total exposures reported in 1974. On the basis of the data received it appears that routine reactor operations and surveillance continues to account for 14% of the exposure as it had in 1973.
The rest of the exposure was reported as follows:
Routine maintenance 45%
Inservice Inspection 2.7%
Special Maintenance 20%
Waste Processing 2.5%
Refueling 14%
1714 317
TABLE 5 TABULATION OF NUMBER OF PERSONNEL AND MAN-REM BY WORK AND JOB FUNCTION NUMBER OF DiPLOYEES (>100 MRDI)
TOTAL MAN-RE'1 CONTRACT CONTRACT WORK & JOB STATION UTILITY WORKERS STATION UTILITY WORKERS
_ FUNCTION DIPLOYEES EMPIDYEES AND OTIIERS TOTAL EMPLOYEES DIPLOYEES AND OTHERS TOTAL REACTOR OPERATIONS 1070 2
130 1202 714 2
22 738
& SURVEILLANCE 939 115 1104 2158 1092 177 1132 2401 ENANCE 4
7 43 47 90 31 113 144 I SP C ON 441 890 465 1796 436 198 445 1079 11 D ANCE 10 PR C SSING REFUELING 361 125 394 880 431 128 189 748 TOTAL 2966 1132 2158 6256 2853 505 19 39 5297 N
M wA s
APPENDIX A EXPOSURE, PERSONNEL AND POWER CENERATION
SUMMARY
Mega-Average watt PERSONNEL ANNUAL MAN-REM Exposure MAN-REM year REM per per Reporting Organization Year (MW-YR)
Total Contractor Utility Total Operations Maintenance Contractor Utility person MW-YR B1C ROCK POINT 69 43.2 165 136 0.82 3.1 Docket 50-155, DPR-6 70 43.5 290 194 0.67 4.5 1st commercial operation 3/63 71 44.4 260 184 0.7 4.1 Type - BWR 72 43.5 195 181 0.92 4.1 Capacity - 72 MWe 73 50.9 119 336 140 196 2.8 6.6 74 40.7 281 276 54 222 42 234 0.98 6.6 CONNECTICUT YANKEE 69 39l.6 138 75 63 106 27 79 0.77
.5 Docket 50-213. DPR-61 70 424.7 734 657 77 689 463 226 0.94 1.7 1st commercial operation 1/68 71 502.2 289 216 73 342 166 176 1.18
.8 Type - PWR 72 515.6 355 285 70 325 181 144
.91
.7 Capacity - 575 MWe 73 293.1 841 770 71 673 525 148 0.80 2.1 74 519.1 550 201 O.37 4
DRESDEN 1, 2, 3 69 89.4 286 3.2 Docket 50-10, 50-237, 50-249 70 304.0 143
.5 DPR-10, 19, 25 71 394.5 715 1.8 1st commercial operation 7/60, 72 1243.7 728
.6 6/72, 11/71 73 1112.2 1341 909 138 771 333 576 0.68
.8 Type - BWR 74 842.5 1594 318 1276 1662 57 1605 1.04 2.0 Capacity MWe 200, 809, 809 GINNA Docket 50-244, DPR-18 70 268.5 170 56 114 207 94 113 15 192 1.21
.8 let commercial operation 3/70 71 327.8 340 134 206 430 69 361 108 322 1.26 1.3 Type - PWR 72 295.6 677 266 411 1032 71 961 278 754 1.52 3.4 Capacity - 490 MWe 73 409.6 421 244 60 184 91 153 0.58
.6 74 253.7 884 1224 1.38 4.8
+
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Mega-Average watt PERSONNEL ANNUAL MAN-REM Exposure MAN-REM year REM per per Reporting Organization Year (MW-YR)
Total Contractor Utility Total Operations Maintenance Contractor Utility person NW-YR HUMBOLDT EAY 69 40.6 125 41 84 164 69 95 12 152 1.31 4.0 Docket 50-133. DPR-7 70 49.3 115 35 80 209 130 79 37 172 1.81 4.3 1st commercial operation 2/63 71 39.6 140 53 87 292 114 178 65 227 2.1 7.7 Type - BWR 72 43.1 127 54 73 253 81 172 57 196 1.99 5.9 Capacity - 65 MWe 73 50.1 235 261 59 202 1.11 5.3 74 43.4 296 221 75 318 103 215 1.07 7.1 INDIAN POINT 1, 2 69 183.3 298 1.6 Docket 50-3, 50-247, DPR-5, 26 70 43.4 1639 33 let commercial operation 10/62, 71 154.0 768 5.0 8/73 72 142.3 967 6.6 Type - PWR 73 0
2992 5134 692 4442 2778 2356 1.71 Capacity - 265 MWe, 873 MWe 74 556.1 1019 114 905 910 0.89 1.6 LACROSSE Docket 50-409. DPR-45 1st commercial operation 9/69 71 33.1 218 158 0.72 5.0 I"
Type - BWR 72 29.2 151 172 1.13 5.9 Capacity - 50 MWe 73 24.4 157 221 1.41 9.1 74 37.9 115 21 94 139 89 50 6
133 1.21 3.7 MAINE YANKEE Docket 50-209, DPR-36 1st commercial operation 12/72 Type - PWR Capacity - 790 MWe 73 408.7 422 309 113 121 61 60 0.29
.3 74 432.6 620 485 135 420 64 356 188 232 0.68 1.0 MILLSTONE POINT 1 Docket 50-245. DPR-21 1st commercial operation 3/71 Type - BWR 72 377.6 612 487 125 596 50 546 340 256 0.97 1.6 Capacity - 690 MWe 73 225.1 1152 982 170 620 117 503 395 225 0.54 2.7 74 430.3 2477 1430 0.59 3.3 U
N CD
Mega-Average vatt PERSONNEL ANNUAL MAN-REM Exposure MAN-REM year REM per per Reporting Organization Year (MW-1R)
Total Contractor Utility Total Operations Maintenance Contractor Utility person MW-YR MONTICELLO Docket 50-363. DPR-22 1st commercial operation 7/71 Type - BWR 72 424.4 99 9
90 61 40 21 1
60 0.61
.1 Capacity - 545 MWe 73 389.5 276 145 131 154 42 112 59 95 0.56
.4 74 349.3 842 477 365 349 91 258 0.41 1.0 NINE MILE POINT Docket 50-220, DPR-63 70 227.0 821 660 161 44 12 32 17 27 0.05
.2 1st conmercial operation 12/69 71 346.2 1006 738 268 195 43 152 63 89 0.19
.6 Type - BWR 72 381.8 735 450 285 285 59 226 28 198 0.38
.8 Capacity - 610 MWe 73 411.0 550 318 232 517 127 390 108 409 0.94 1.3 74 385.9 740 463 277 824 42 782 279 545 1.11 2.1 OCONEE 1 3
Docket 50-269. DPR-38 da 1st commercial operation 7/73 Type - FWR rapacity 886 MWe 74 724.3 844 253 591 517 18 499 144 373 0.61
.7 OYSTER CREEK 69 40.1 Docket 50-219 DPR-16 70 413.6 95 32 63 63 21 42 11 52 0.66
.2 1st commercial operation 12/69 71 448.9 249 164 85 240 50 190 92 148 0.96
.5 Type - BWR 72 515.0 339 242 97 582 150 432 167 415 1.71 1.1 Lapacity - 650 MWe 73 424.6 782 635 147 1236 195 1041 683 553 1.58 2.9 74 434.5 935 346 589 984 166 818 162 822 1.05 2.3 PALISADES Ducket 50-255, DPR-20 1st commercial operation 12/71
,,,, Type - PWR 72 216.8 78 Capacity - 821 MWe 73 286.8 901 6n8 293 1109 16 1093 647 462 1.23 3.8
%J 74 10.5 774 627 0.81 60 4
N
Mega-Average watt
'?RSONNEL ANNUAL MAN-REM Exposure MAN-REM year REM per per Reporting Organization Year (MW-YR)
Total Contractor Utility Total Operations Maintenance Contractor Utility person MW-YR PILCRIM Docket 50-293, DPR-35 1st commercial operation 12/72 Type - BWR Capacity - 655 MWe 73 484.0 53 74 29 45 1.4
.2 74 2 34.1 454 415 0.91 1.8 POINT BEACH 1 & 2 Docket 50-266, 301. DPR-24, 27 1st commercial operation 12/70, 4/73 72 378.3 580 1.5 Type - PWR 73 693.7 729 570 70 500 0.78
.8 Capacity - 497 MWe, 497 MWe 74 760.2 400 295 70 225 81 214 0.74
.4 PRAIRIE ISLAND 1 3
Docket 50-282, DPR-42 1st commercial operation 12/73 Type
.PWR Capacity - 530 MWe 74 181.9 150 56 94 18 5
13 0.12
.1 QUAD CITIES 1 & 2 Docket 50-254, 265, DPR-29, 30 let commercial operation 2/73, 3/73 Type - BWR 73 1209.6 533 201 28 173 59 142 0.37
.2 Capacity - 809 MWe, 809 MWe 74 958.1 678 488 190 482 36 446 0.71
.5 ROBINSON Docket 50-261. DPR-23 1st commercial operation 3/71 71 295.3 283 242 41 364 7
357 351 13 1.28 1.2 Type - PWR 72 580.0 245 147 98 215 42 173 137 78 0.87 4
Capacity - 707 MWe 73 455.1 831 695 0.83 1.5
~~-'
'*%J 74 578.1 853 672 185 487 0.78 1.2
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U N
N
Mega-Average watt PERSONNEL ANNUAL MAN-REM Exposure MAN-REM year REM per per Reporting Organization Year (MW-YR)
Total Contractor Utility Total Operations Maintenance Contractor Utility person MW-YR SAN ONOFRE 1 69 289.8 123 32 91 42 10 32 5
37 0.34
.2 Docket 50-206. DPR-13 70 365.9 251 92 159 155 13 142 59 96 0.61
.4 let commercial operation 1/68 71 362.1 121 12 109 50 12 38 3
47 0.41
.1 Type - 11R 72 372.2 326 141 185 256 29 227 117 139 0.78
.7 Capacity - 450 MWe 73 273.7 878 547 231 329 37 292 157 172 0.37 1.2 74 377.8 219 71 0.32
.2 SURRY 1 & 2 Docket 50-280, 281, DPR-32, 37 1st commercial operation 12/72, S/73 Type - PWR 73 829.4 936 152 0.16
.2 Capacity - 823 MWe, 823 MWe 74 717.4 1715 884 72 812 0.52 1.2 TURKEY POINT 3&4 Docket 50-250, 251. DPR-31, 41 Oi ist commercial operation 12/72, 9/73 Type - PWR 73 565.9 444 78 0.18
.1 Capacity - 745 MWe 74 966.4 794 454 88 366 202 252 0.57
.5 VERMONT YANKEE Docket 50-271, DPR-28 let commercial operation 11/72 Type - BWR Capacity - 514 MWe 73 222.1 244 85 0.35
.4 74 303.5 357 216 24 192 103 113 0.61
.7 YA"KEE ROVE 69 123.1 193 117 76 215 46 159 78 91 1.1 1.8 Dockst 50-29, DPR-3 70 146.1 355 280 75 255 60 195 98 97 0.71
- 1. 8 1st commercial operation 7/61 71 173.5 155 60 95 90 44 46 19 71 0.56
.5 Type - PWR 72 78.7 282 210 72 255 60 195 147 108 0.90 3.2 Caoacity - 175 MWe 73 127.1 263 158 105 146 70 76 0.56 1.1 74 111.3 243 149 94 263 99 106 0.84 1.8 m
U
Mega-Averagn watt PERSONNEL AN5TAL MAN-REM Exposu*e MAN-REM year REM per per Reporting Organization Year (MW-YR)
Total Contractor Utility Total Operations Maintenance Contractor Utility
- perse, MW-YR ZION 1 Docket 50-295 DPR-39 1st commercial operation 12/73 Type - PWR Capacity - 1050 MWe 74 425.3 306 87 219 56 13 43 0.18
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