ML19221A351

Forwards Info from Bettis Lab & GE Re Potential for Radialysis Contributing Oxygen to Bubble Over Reactor Core

ML19221A351
Person / Time
Site:	Crane
Issue date:	05/21/1979
From:	Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
To:	Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
References
NUDOCS 7905210323
Download: ML19221A351 (7)

Text

s

,an i

,y p.A l\\. 3 (s

RADIALYSIS IhTORMATION

-.. ?:~;_

I requested the same information of ~ If '". ~-

On April 1 at about 3:00 P.M.

3

-... = -

the General Electric Co as I-did from Bettis Laboratories.

The GE response was that it is theoretically possible that oxygen a..

~

could be added to a hydrogen bubble over the reactcr core.

Hcwever, they did not consider this would be likely; and concluded that they believe that an equilibru= condition may now be present.

They calculated a bounding n"nber for the amount of radialysis that could take place assuming no hydrogen over pressure. They estimated that the boundary number is 10 cu ft per hour at STP but believe this was too conservative since,it was based on BWR data (NEDE-13148 Title KRB Radialysis Test, Nov. 1970) and that no credit was given for the effects of a back reaction and that the real number is much lower. They speculated that perhaps there is no net oxygen added. The following people participated in the evaluation:

Cliff Kent, Jerry Jacobsen, Pat Marriott, Manny Ziegler, and Don Rockwell C/

7905210 32 3 159 284

_RADIALYSIS INFORMATION

-W'2 On April 1, 1979 3:00 P.M. I requested Bettis Laboratory to evaluateT-- -

M~

the potential for radiolysis contributing oxygen to the bubble

'rh over the reactor core.

The following people participated in the evaluation:

W?

.r -

Don Connors

1. ?

Lou Bogar Jim Wright Ken Vogel Bill Walker (KAPL)

The following information was provided and was represented as the Bettis Laboratory position. A report would be prepared if requested.

I indicated that I would let them know if there was a need.

(a) The first question I asked them to consider was if we assumed that the bubble over the reactor core is 800 cu ft, 1,000 psi and 300 F is it possible for oxygen to be added to the bubble by a radiolysis process?

Answer:

There best estimate analysis would indicate t*,at no oxygen would be added to the bubble. The analysis I cived the from considering Henry's law they would expect that t.

2 conditions there would be 900 cc per kilogram STP of hydrogen going into the water.

Based on experimentally derived infor9 mation with a concentration of 2 cc's per kilogram of STP in water radiolysis would be prevented.

The experimental infor-mation was derived from data collected in the s'7G prototype prograa and a reference is cited to data dating backing to 1943.

159 285

. lii_

(b)

I requested Bettis to provide me with an estimate of the 47~ -' -

n..-

-. w -

radialysis rate assuming it was no hydrogen over pressure

~~ 2 -

in the bubbit.

Answer:

a:-uming no recombination was permitted they

}

calculate that approximately 8.4 cu ft per day of oxygen at STP would be generated.

This corresponds to a total radiclysis rate of 29.2 cu f t per day at STP.

The S

recombination rate was based on a defactor that was experimentally determined from S7G and boiling water reactor data.

These data were stated to be conservative relative to PWR conditions.

The jefactor used was.07 molicules of Cd)g 9

per 100 EV of gamma absorbed.

A 1.5 x 10 NEV of gammas per second.

They assumed that 1/10 of the gamma's generated in the core are absorbed in the core and that 1/15 of the gammas absorbed in the core are absorbed by water.

They have had informal discussions with people like KAPL who independently determined a radlalysis rate in the same ballpark (estimated to be approximately 65 cu ft per day at STP).

Dr. Connors is going to ask KAPL for their view to see if their evaluation of the problem is the same.

159 286

I l.

~

4

.m m,o e' :m ~- :(..

Ap.m. m' "

1x *

~",t.

s

., m w

e h4

( ' : - j g ',,,'

- y u

~. w q

c (Q-?[-

t

~~

~.-

L$

f t

=_...-

s

~ ",..

s 4.4

(

g y

f.

e.-__..

-+

C m.

T'

,~-

w.J-w e g.

g g

b.

.r

',, -d %'p.

k e

W-

-m ee

=e'gA-

-.

• 4

-~-4*-

@-Dh.M

'We.

e e

~

s

.m 4M4m~ ~. s -,

'~ ~ -

,a *3

,t[

w' w",, ;' ;, -

-d t -, -

• \\.- -s A,

."[

f we g*wn

• e,

-S 9

e

's

,. s

.A.

g,

[,

4-g t

m

=

,s,'..c'

~..

4.#.4.E.*(,.-.,*.*4,U.*'~,,. '.. -.

4p

+w

1. ,~

.. g y su'*Wlbw,.,

,~--

&4.[.

..s [..,M w~hh4( ' (.U* ft.[.g_.... h. #

s,..

4 6

s c.

k

_g 7"h.

j.[Q, ~Q,,,'df].'

((

Q 3....

^.

N

~ I ((. s.[y n. -

r.

,*n _.,e 3.: r...,,:m,,.. p.

. n.

• v--: c n,,

.

• e

>vsg s.n *~.a.%

n.n,,,

.c -..

r dO

[ '* '*;

n 4*

f I

g"

• e

_..,--g',sn -.,-9,

.,s.

,, p " g. 4.,t,'n.k 'E * --

d*.-.,

e

.c.~..

.'f*

f y per%.

' - k

tP-"p+

n w.p. ~

. ~p, g-a8?

-. ' ; * +.e.

s

,r

--) se

-3.-,.,m

,r y

, l., e ~p.. m.w,?,.. s..~.! g,.'.f. 4. ';, /C"t.J

, 1

--e,.-

... p f.

.ei,"

s

.i. n

• 'e

~=.1.*s

.. -;h

• T.*

5.-

'y:*

• Q. R, f.f^l

...f'.*

~

-m

• %,4 w'. _,.,i

,y '.

C

. ~ - -

w 1,

-- _~.

e D,. t..*

?'.:h-r

)

R h%4. x --.,. _- - -.,--,,.. s.. -- -

-tq,.

-, y d.p.

l,'",,['=.',..,.a u.

u.v.

-A yap' ;_g., 7 S

.---y :

. c%...

m.,-.**

g-

.}.

7 tr.

q,.,,

k.e..r % g. 3 pp.g-r..

c-a.

r,;'

, *g a y, a 6

s - a

. *.n~=

a

( - g-{ y ql..

v-3.

• c-(.. **,

e

.b.

9 - a

.. -7 i.-

.,c.

.r

-, - g -+-

i.-

N."

s v.4.

.y w

'..>.,ee.

,.* ' Q &a,

.. 3

' +-

_.4.t_.,-._...,.,,g..*

6 A

.~k a

s.4.-,.2-g.

e d

Q..if Mq'.

-s

..,...,,q..v-'.'

-> D ' ^ '

..A e.

~., -

n..

m s,'~

,~.-..e.

4.

S

" 'WT

..%,.:.,.W' 4

,~.

' ' c'.,.a'.l.',0; *; Q.ry m..'&,&.; ;. '

a x.y

. e.

i.

~~..

-~-n

-%1' L~

--1 m

r

-w 9 -

4 s..

. M.y,~2 -~ s -Y

.~ m '{

.t.

• - I

. 4.&. -.,.*p.

v - s)-

- h ---

.~.-+

A Qf Y. -( f e~'*.fw..?

.D.._

...Q: w..... _

• 9

- '., m

-7.-

1. ?l-

?j f

~f'~. 'C'*'$YS

$ "$5?

a-

--- v

- v. ".. n _..c. c 4 u, _4.

a.pa -

~~--O-se- ~p

1. m.... w%.

h %,~M_,w ccs..,

e~-s...,

,0

.. m. _..,. s.f.. rkf3Y, 5$ LK. o'

n - -m ? Y we

[t Y'.0.E.'

a.

. M+.s

• h.

Aq.M

-w e

'.~._~$ c.

. m %

y - p g ***.-'-x - - * % i. s= --- *. ~ g{*t. 3 ? -;

i 4 e-

. -. r,m W

x

-s w f -s W

-4 % M g h--=h f'hg*

~7

• F-=M'N- *E4^**"W*%. W. *,-QP9, mC <: 4 ^

.:g U.,. * @C.. y C,&T s'.2 :. f ' e. u,. %

2 5.:

n

• G

.t'..

gv

/

h

' ab i.,e yC:.,~ ~.>1-;.i ~W~p.:m-3 -.: %.._ %'.,e.;. t,: M..'

-.---em--.-

-.m-

--,; .- j: '- e.'s a-

.%1

-. 2

.?

.4 t-L. =* %...aG.y.

~1 C *:

2 l~'}k b&d}.& 'W/~ 5,

'd e ' - l-K'*. y Q~~$ W-d '? D-)n

% + s'. 2, _-Q.G % @ L}.- ?.CW.f. L'A *j' (*WMQ?.[*.'* ' W l k" % =' ? & &=cj. A ' %

-W h..,~%.. :d

..- r

..,2 xw d 'e,,' r ~;,y ~.-

v.-' s *.. W >g r :....T.,; f~.,...

T ' %. -

a. %......v. >, ~.n..

.s - r.W.:.3. ',;G..w,3,2,'as. n..q * [4 t

-s w. ;.. ? rr'..o c..* e

.--h. S

,r -. n _, M. ;,.

_.,s.h. _, A.

. L u. ',

s

.6

..>- =

., 3 :_ ~ g

y* ;.",, j p y

=-%. %'. W.

• e =-

y -.

'y-c v

F. t-- _.,; ~, y

.,.--f.%t_~a.,.*....

^ (*g.

~~~-.=s.---'

'* i

.--a.

v.*.g.. S.',. 4

]; c; ~,*,_ ;

y

...f.

.,n,

~-

[.

e.6. q - ; f.c..,

e,-m-=- - p(- -

• • J J y

['

~ ~

e

.. '[

,,,, _ M.'. 'v.:".v,..S,. < 7;;. w.;n,, v. j.g; y ~..n.' q. -y. 3. Q r. g --, -

• * - I g"__,.[

3 4

.3

.._.c*l

• f

,,y,

t.---

-.--a,--

s

~_

, x f,% *.

... a,w

.,,-e y. a.. '.,'..~

,.s* s -

.3

,,..',w y ' A.h e y -.. Y

~

m_,,- *c2

-. \\f y

W.*

'Q f&

~,f"

~

s

,.. + ~.w' A+

s

.se

,-,..m..~.n.<..-

-t w --.. : (

,sq.

,*,q

. g,'

-.J4-v : :n.

1 -

c-. c

.s-q.

-e +-

t. g -<.,,..,(,,J.,---

mg g,

,,a-.,. -. - +

--~.-y.#p. p. y.g-ma,,a; Q s,

z, N g,;,'.*=/.~. K.'* *, L. <:.g";*W Wa(,,.Q-~ ~h, g.-... %

n+.'.

. :s.. h,., % ' -.'s

s...

~.~h--,.

.,a,-(=* O j k,, g&f h f Y t L. Q _ ~x, a R* _ ai p ^

w*

a

. Jj N *. _ El s. {.*".,y ". -/*

s.~

a 4

Q

.u

.Ce, :~~ '=.

~--

e_

y

.~ 1...,,.-. =^,m.. - e-L..: W..,,__ ',.: " W-

,V *,,,

• " - ~,g.yr.: p

~

-.- h.

m.p--

h.n--,.- w;Pa

- (, [,..

m *,,..'......-..

.r e e.. y a. 3,.,.s..

a-

- s

,p'" r '..

2

/, a. ~ :. d. D'-'

• E' ]>;.* A *--

e'"*..e -.. s,.. -.,,. - - - w ~,.

.; *7. f 4,( ' p. 4 r,,,,, Q, v, N :Q M.M.z 4

4,

~

7%

^-s

-.'9'=.

r.

y ae c...,,s..~~...

,..g m 7

.t A

4,--.:k-m -- %

.a w' W =(.+.

t -M

. - -'*9b b

..i

..,*%=.

,.a;,..,

s*. - - - -

• %.=~-*--**%=8***

q

. n'

• _,y

,N. n.., <, ;*y*v -, s.

'h.'*'.*..*

V f Q.

h ',

k_ e h. h.*.7,*y,.... + ~

t -

(".--4,

%. ~, .

68

. *.1..,

y-.-v._

5

.-~.,g...,-.,...,-.., n.o,- -.- e,--

s',

w.h..

( *,"'--Y,

[*

s

- ~

-,_a>..,-

..L

. u. 8.m.g. ?.

N.

<- i..,.

~-

e m - ew -m e

y'.,,-n,,.

w, g..or e._.. g.. h.

,s.'"." C,c.,y,.

y - -,..

-p m--,,.

E.

s.a

t..-

,' y : t..c, :

. ~. V N

-^

v"

.,'Y... m

. i : r: 'e.- t a-*

e 4 + _,

n' [m~~-. e. w'f.u*. ;.'%..,Y'.;[.p3 :t,

.. u.g

'^

s

, n -.

..2.

,,((

u:

.., n,- ~, t',..e*E. 2, e 4(.kh.,$_.

I*.k *

.' T * [.[ ~

%C,

.,,.3.

.g

- i

., %- ga- - W..4

• • }

w 6,-

dh(

. ~, -

j W,7=.

, - < mf

• m, %m"] pf '_Q y,

• ..<=.=.,44.,.p.-

y 8"

=a os

.P,,

. 4 a *, e 2. u... -

-*-e 4

• d.

• I.*-[s

• *]

• E h1g

g,,-

"'f r

.e<,

y

_- j.

N,. /

, ? v', -c,N =,, m-s.- w w.s.. n* ; i y~e_, 88,,.

I -,m,,,

m.- -r,;

. vs,

.p. w..

h l.-

's s*

e

,g 2 g i7 f,.,

,}

-.m ~. n. a _.-

- > - - ~

s L.

w_ --,. h {~{2.

a y

~[ [

.m, n_..t j 7 s

t w

wm.,,. n,g -% 4 ~4 'py *.

4..,, w__, q ;y, m g A,. ; _,..,,, g y',.. 3 s-7 ~ ',

V,.

t,-

g

'... N,, w. ',.

m, y q._. i(. ~. 4. -

N a.,

8' f.

,-u.h.

e.

s

,,.p.

. k g -', e...., me_...._.

g-,**,.

c..., --

c -_

• f

,e

_.'_"s"

f. ^

• m__%'*.,

r_

%po 4 g

• . -_ _.. _..* c.. _

,.,,e

.a

..g,s

• ' W*

g.,

.*j.,g

,.*.s

_m, -c g

)

,.,,. e

. ~, *

... !.0-y &__q.,^ ] _. ' ~~, }. Q Q, '; ',.

.",y-.- Y..

~

- u s ~~

y

- ll.'.%

% ' '., f_ _..' ',

• _; l,. _ l___

.*~

[

ee.

^

4 x

w y

p.

.p

+

s, E. R.

• Y_, a 9Y q

..~.,.,'4'

. f'.

e., *,j J. ~ ~

6 e

• • g bg m _

g s".**g,.,-,_',g,

_y'.< ~, %

?

?*.*

= *,

m

,. *,.. r.,,

~ Q,. L" ' %,,' f ;

• Q,* 1.* *,

y h4".Y.-%.m.,..,

ee mi M h*',.

~

.*~ ~.., ~:*-.'.~

.. w.,.so. ~..-' ~o. w.,.,,,

e f [:

'? **#'

s. m.

q d

.p

.S.^

~.

ge

,p

-.~>4>

• • "I M

.4 s,

[ '*.,.. -

hr; Memei_g g-gae

.,Whem.

s.-

• y*

'a

^

• • h b ~* ~,. **

- ~ p[~Q * -

w, u

q

^*

- d,,

,e -,, ** [ '-., '.,. ~ ' *

. f,>. e_.,.:,e ;..-

.m_

9

^

t f ' q N_c-., :

..~.;

7

. f; v.

- -.e

z p-

-. ~

M- < ' -

^

+

4, #.~.

., '-, e

-, q.

-,y,. ;. - 6

-';- ~~.

. _ _ - ' w._ _

i k,e e,

(--

g.

m4e,.e3-e 3. s,

- 3

.,, ~.

ai

~ - -.

r

...s g

4..

.. - e.

g-s,

(

,,y.,--

. g..-

._...~m.A

._t.

}#.._'*_._ _'

.s

- 2

-y, m

.s.

~

N

__ _ _xf..

,-j _J.'%

qu* "

g.,.

i.

_s_.

m+ m.y' x..

-..~

_.y;. -

-~

lb

%- t_

7 'm_. 9,_.,.-e,..__.4.

m.-~-

g y

= = +.

,4 e.,---,

s g

__.kj---_A-.,m.

u.

.~.

a..

.w

..e.

w.-

n t

• _~,

~

s w.;.

J._-

,,, e r.*

• ^ -

s ~ *.>

~

.4",,

• ~,,

8..

-A

-we,*,-

.*~ ~ -. ' *

...e.

. = = = = ~

~,. -. - Qr-.

3

~,

e

.. ~ + _ '. ~

~

, p

.m ign

1. +.J

.-.h*M

.w

., ~

4. ** *.'

m.

p J

.smmm.wh_

g&

ew-.,--.p-emmmm.

-*-Nmwe--

hw.

g.,

4 w.

h

(

a

-m

---e

' ~ ~- - --

• • - - + + --

~

=

M = mi

..m.g.

.ms.-

.-w.-m m..

..r

.rs',,)

4 e-s l E A *

~

w h--

- = = - I

.. ~ -

)

.__._L, _-

h t

m s

• . = '

o a

• J m.

f-

",h

~

,-g-mm_..

+---e e*..-

t r'

..p

~

. - - - =- * * -

..--m e

,-- i

= -

~ * - - ~., '.~,

e-=~

~

-e

-_m-

.==-.

a--*

g\\

-3 e.--

...s

4 s

=

.m

• %P

, sni g

-s8' Q*

, ~ a.,a ei m

,2., - -

~,-

s.,,,..

I g

f 4,

hm g

'?',

- 's..,..

~

n w =- ;.. *

._- qs 4

%gie g

.. - g

., _j _* -

M_

' g..

,P.

= " ' -

..e.

g I

~

s g

• + '

l d.

-g

~

e

~

g

~-

~

r hk / G.

q%

i

-a

_"-JW64-..

f--

Q.

v h.

y

.A9

• e

. - a -

f h

9 6

' s '

. _ -... _;.-,. __.x g

-n...

k 9

• • i

.4 r

1 e

k

.n -.

~..

.r.

-,s..,,*%

(

."t-.-,.,

m.., ~ * *~.,. :w. --

h

,,.y.,,

.c,

~c~

aw

~;..-:,p, s^r. ;'..p. %...., <,..,,,,.;---

- :, m

}-

r-

,.[

a

. yw..

m-

.,,...~{.

• e._,

% J. ; h. i s.y W ll.:+ r~; ~*

km u

I

.is.e*

+-

s ': -

,.,.-..-.-......,z_,,.'.p-1r-

~

'd' g.

~rQ.;~ g"~o

..,%,-P.,

• .g r

,1

-_s

'6,%.

• y *A S.,* f,. -, > f

• "* q$,y;.Y,,

s ~ n  % -j e

~

g...- ' '%/gd.

a

~ ~ ~ ^ _*

• ' 'y e*.

s m.' + j.**" f.., > ~~ A - :-

.y

-..._ +

J"

~,

V P^'

?*-

• • 2 4

_ _ ' _ ',{ %_ __2,, ;." -(. d

,,a=.l

[w

• A 4,'*=,'.*

4 r., -,

1. ;

,,s ; r * >V,,'--

N_._ %N w y :.~.k,*

m.

',- q,.."*. *. ~2.,-.- *. *.

.. ho;

< -,. '- - f-N

.Si

)~.' * " ',: :

1',

h

,r'..-

- - Q s-y,, *g.C p c,-

a

.. - L.'*~.'--

, a

.~**-Q._

7 _, -~:r-

.%; (

s@.

s. 7.

,e v

-s.

_., LDL T.ph,,*a, 4 3, - # _ +,'

,.. A s-m.. -

-...A g"

h *t *m C,~

q _st f: f s' <

-c.-.-

dW Eg

-,{,.. t4.A

.a Q.

n. - A u

.e g{y g.

=%

~

$[

• wp

%& 3 '-

L t 'h (~ r

- = "

• L

. 6.

g M.

=."

e

< = J y.

+

r A'

9-

,.~

g-

~f, -'., m

=

.-4 sy, '.',L j*Y~ ;*t. ~ ~~..

~

W A

,., Q)9' q ',h*e 'l *$ ',~.;"*.,)s, e, "*

a..~.

l

"o L~ ~sy. : are y

~'.

-.=

m_ g,;, gg

• h Q E~}f.:'. M n

.s

, { g_>,_ L

.,_e".,

44.

j.

r-W l x G'.s ' '.

- -.

• W. __ b

. z J,

m, ML...-.~e-.-.-4 v

,~P,c,, '". cs,,

. \\ s. k '.~'w.

.e <

e

_-:-% - A--

L,. e,e + 4 a.-

.~

V

- _ A_ f..

_,-~. 3,'s,g N #~'

t,>.

._,,-f

's

*.-'.l

.;.^ -

y y.,'.-

7, y"* l, 4; a*s 3.;a % ; _

m

'w'

~,"'

eg y,"... r~, &

c. f t.._-. -.

a c.-

1,,".

,,* s -.'.,

y'yc

_'; - s..'.i I

O.. e

• 7.y-. ~.; -;*" s "c *, y#y h

,%,~,*.., * # b, - - e' '*'

w,,,,

_,. 'P;e, -.y.-{ 1.,f.r : ' *e

.'_['

. #'.q..W.,.: r,~

__- 4 O

1 e

,,,,g e

[*#

~ ag j

.**-.~-

.".<'.[**~rj.. _f}"'},

-gc*.

-,,,.,.,3'

-!, M e.,

.,m >, '.A ; -

,, ~ -

,s.

• g & N.Q**h.,,,_,.*p..f,,1

. f. 3.. ' *

%., Q-ko, *p r a

~s', % -4z,y;w. -n 4):g &'

,,-[*

-. ~

. ear-f

... *.. - ~ -.

-s-w p.,.

M.

. y', %,e p. w p *m._ y..~~.,~

J.~.r% L - ; ~~.-

. -. ' *, a,- I

,n,, k

• ., * '~ 3* - f. ~,, f N,.,,. - -.

_pa G

m

-y?.t.

q,....,m..

n,,

pr. -

,m e

- s -q -- Q,.: &.: :l. * = g.

v

.a

", - ~ _. * * * '.,.

" '

• i 9 l+ f \\ ~~ 2y 'N,.

1..

J

-a

. s. m :

% p..f.,4v.

~

- ;;r. y_.

..,. 4 :s_.._.

..~,~-e.

..,~~s.

q.,. y v- ~ : +. * ':

• n.<w. y[,A7.v ---. c

=,'%

- u s 3-&Q

~.m. _

. ; - ~ - _ =, _. ~ = ~ n.,.7,J ** 'y is'V,., j

s. e.;-,sJ_r_.:,%.-,

. = s v.

.s.-

.x

• -a.

,.3-~

_en

. >.e 7. O.- e..-';

. t,

.,,,~

, t: ss y;.Q,.W..,3,*

n {,.

-gp,{g (e**

. ~.

.n

,. -- % N L.,_,3,.-~, W.t..

z -

.- %, X.- --_W,p '?, :d.,,._. Y, ~~ C,._X.

m]g,-7e,

o q-.,-w,,.--

4K 1,, g.,', y,,'

g

~ ~ ~

.e

• .,=,

m., a w:;,z.n c - ) p. R, ' *~.S^*~:.

m. *v.;.**

7Q.ya.. p.. =r

._.. ay (. ~,,' p., 9 1

[*

n L

~* g,,;-.""3.g *L e yQ N,-

2.-

,.' ow.,

-,_ p_,

s

-3

, w gy.,e4e'.T,'.,..-[.-c1%.g g.g as n

,7 J- ;- --

-~ t c ;, t

.a.

. _,. p /

.n y..

~-g4 y, y

.e#.

• g

".i,,.- e

~

a ~

.y

.'-~n

--~,~-o.n. t

,...* y w..s

',. --y.,.c,_.

8M. g ] g,gyN.af 4 a 3

.w

,r -.-.-.1.,

.>- _..*.,. J... ~* A

,s,,. e.s. : n.

ph3

• e.m.

_,~

_ '= (

w.. -v.;,..:* rs.- x..

w

_.,y*-

ge.,p Q _2 _,9'C -[.2;W.j yg m.,_.,_. ;,..,,.,

.8,..,,

, j,,~. ; <

s

h. %.5,

~,.~

~

..-w-

-s.-

m w,

[

g

• ^- *~.. -;s',

• • _.' ;.w.c

. s ;; -.

a e,

g s

.,.s.,.

..,,w.. t _-*g", h o

,y

.y. 'L,,

,,z ~,.,. c.,,,.1.

f-

.,f

,eg p

y a

. *, ', -m.--;..-

3;.

__. _ _ _ __=.,a-

..e.

,.:. ;~

.- a -. - _ _., _.

-..- -....<:...a.~,,.,v 3-a w-,,

, u. = ~,

e, 3.u,ns n,_

.,s.',a -r

~.%

.,o

.. ~.,

~.

4

.Q.

~

3 "

,e.,..>,.

r a-u

,s r..,.,._ m.,.,..._.-

.,.,,a-,, J 4,,.>,=. n,. _., %.

.x -a y=t

-. - '.:'_ t % r 3,. wL?. '..

...,,_-...,.,,,b.(.,**,'

_ ~.

r w.-.-

y-

. r=* ;; +

g.*

., w d.,. <,r,e,,;,,,s_

1. _ ;.**y.

.bs 4 -

..m p.

• -. -, er a * *,..r., g. - u. yx

-4 't., %,

.O.. ps-, * - <

g y

m-

-w.-,'.'.p*y.-

v

%,#., g=

,g g.,

1

~

t

.~ <..

p

-p

.4 s

4.. o T,..

~.

w.... ~..

,.-a.-

'..y* '.J. g g t,*.. e,,-"w -n,3

.4

. (, e,e,a,

[,

c..,> m y,',,,.

• N 1 ** *.,4 m,.:

- -. e

'e I

gy, s,-f.g4- 'c.,s A, x.g,[4,* [-

,,,i,,*p M*

J,

\\; ~, ' t

.gg e

..Q* _w.-._gs,; -

t,,.,*.. ~. _ -

a

.y y,..

z %,

s.

s,.r+..,,

,,w p.g-+,

g

,e y,.

• e

=

g*

r~ ~ ;.i 1

A

<r,,,.- =,- <

.- e,

4 4 e,,

n

=

,a, g

g f' !.' f_} ^{s.N.f...v.l.s F

^

,, f'N-f/.Q" ;- 1 {,,^_[y' ?* [p i -

8

• .. -C*

=

• ,,.e,*

..i 8""%.-',m

• s",~-

gA* f e,"I,'.*~~

+

)l *

• s

.1 g,, e a

[

4 e

- g u.m, 6.,.

aam

,,q g.p.,, Q '._ *': '**

o.

_. r v --..,, m.

w s

-. ~,*,, I ^ ;;

.g,,.,-*y'C ;5 "'.

y

.,5

.m,.

.-r*

^

- : r.".. [ [ A 4:nh'a

- "'. ' ' l ~. Q -l '., '_; '.,.

e._

~,~e_____-.. _ _e'"

~

+.- %

t**

,- 3-'1.

^^,, -

b

~

.-A

-8*

~~*g

...a_4,.g~.4*--++

.e-

• ,. 8.

2, f s'v^ s,P*,'- m 4

^e -,;,,*;y,**

,,',r*

+9 j

4..

• en-g s %, _^.#

.*..s a y3* am.-,,-a-ws,,- 1,.--e..-

.~,w,

~,p,

_e,'-

.'m w---

,'e

• ~,

, - ; [f",' p -4 c,3 N. g

-.a sm,4,e q.z e i, ;

y. ',

i m.*'

._.?'-'.

qy

~*.

w y w'

x w ;'; ' y, _ 4 O.*5.f.;m'.,~ pn.-y) _,,

_y:~:< 3

.., :y.

_ _ _ ^

=a-3 e'-

r-

..h

.'s

~%

J,, ' n*,4,

-3.

n

==--v-=-

e:

-m.

p;,y,

~

.g

_.e

+.32,.

."/

.s r

---.s

.A n.w.. v ? -4 _m M M. p= ~. f. yf.. '_. : ~

.m... -c ^.,.,.w 1.

p.e s

~

'f

~, y.e

,.x-r' - g _~_ e _

,a.., & p 9

..s--

~ P ', "...,% y' Nm~ '.-

s.

~.a.,%

~-

• ~ _.

f_ - j n m_. 3

.=s.'"*f'~t

,n_.,./ m.u,.-f.. a* *

= '

M fe,

.. e 'j.. s s.y.e.,,._

~

A -..

-*; g,$ ^ s.

. "~

i.

s

. g-~,-

L ep

.g' ' ' T.p.?_ _'m =,." %' '..r

, u' '4* * ". s.' ; _m___ y

3....-y__

g*

gl

• 4,. m,

,x*

r r, t c

g.

r,

.,~.,, J ~ ~,-yAA

-ss=

• + ',

y -. + ~=,, y.%

l gy w

~

• g.>~._<

4...,v.,,r"y',_~,.,c.,h.'-_4

., m __..

4 r.,*=y

+q..

i

• Q y X-l Q '&___^,>,: _' W *~_G_,j'! k"3,):( Q % [. -a % f

-w

,^

-...w.

I s

+

• s, *..

7

~%w..

3 go h

• • "" (

a' k

g.,- s y */ (~

• w, t,%,4

~.,.

- i p

_m..,

,an

", '^,~

Q Q' ~~[,,,[L; C".%~'*

N

+

=,

,g 3*ups**,.**,

h

~,' _ _~-

,g_

r~

' s. y, s.A. ' ',< 'e

,n,

v. ),

- %. A, '.,, -._e.'_.'eq%.--7..,.,-."g

• L-t

- ~> -

~ f,..

~'

.. p#,.p s,_%

r

.f

.s',,

• - _ _s.-'

-* y,m'

- u s.. ?. " =,,,

=._..,-

',=,e s

,4_,.,%

..'s., ' t o - -

,-,3-

,s g

ca-

- - ^

.e n,'

- '.,*,, m. *.,,

, 1,'

p

• /,=,--

5

" *.-y..

g

• g

-.. + - -

O*

E*.

v

'r

,~%'...r' s*

_s s

.*w..

t l-e

^K'

., ' _ _., 1 e-.

b 1 *%. ; i.

^

r_'.,,__,,p9 E','.*.

>), __. _ _ _. _ _,, - : \\~*'-

a,.

. an, e

n

,A j

.t

_ ~ '

..s

~ '

I, - w ' 6 '. ;, i

,i3

• [" 'l '

't 2

• _. ",?_v -."s"

,s o

4'%

~y

)

p -

. ~ -

~~-e m

. e

. c --, u., "* 1. ( _.,,

e ~". - - -.

=

,-e +., _., " <,,__. _.,, ' _ " * " ',..

s - - s. s. r.-.*8,'g.*5 g

• *J,,..

3 *, -.,

--. n.- _.

~

e

• v '.,.;r.,, --,.

e.

g g

-4*,

• 4 w*i-

- ~.,,

w

,,-.,dp 2

,m

.e. p,

,., ~,-,

'=

-.---e..

(U Cam.,.. etc..

,a.a 4 g f*

A

_ ~- ; *

• 1~**

..g

.~n

= = - -

~ -+,.

...... *.is

,..- -~.p.

, g

=

.n _....'..

.. -. _. ~

a m

a---

-- ====.. - =,. =

4.

s

-. ~

4

, j

.a_-

i,.-

• ,a.

.__,,...m_

y q

s t

w...,.,,.,.

h.

o

,*w M

,,.g,e

.e e

~

g

~ ~..

.. -_. ~. _.,

~.

,._,,h_

eq.e,

,.9

,,,s.,_

"m

,, j o

e*

-~. ;,

~

ww

_m_,g,,,.~_weg=bw--w.-M

-N

-.gu--

6-

"wwN M qee.-

i.w p

~~ ~'.

,E

- * -f

,, '. r,'

t s _.

. '.= a 3;

.a

/-

-4:

.e,*,

~

• P

, _~.

.o'

_,.~

j&~94,* *;

4,

' s f

^, '-

r

,i

, _, ~. _.. _ _ _ _ _

f u

g

-f 1

^

+".

1. ;, ? g = ~~,~ _.,,

' ['%

N

• . v e

__ -... _ _.- g:.,

.4.,-*

a j.,.

s,_

...,-s

, d >5

~,.* '*

.~- -. ~-~;

,j

' '1 a

"'J ~,* ', *,.

p.

g.

L

, -,.- -,.,- ~

~

_e_

_ p-,-

• v, _. _.,. ;f. ;w-

..i ' -- -

e

.. ~

~ $

p**w.,

y f,

f

Ea g

• -..#..rm.

g +'" W.~'.-

sn _

n.

g

1. 9 e

g

>< =

f 4

g

---..,=n.

._r

~. -.

.e, m

~,-

+%

R l

--_m q. (,,,'p _

e

.g.

[r bt l

l. d l,-

1

.%)..;

i,

%s t-

_ _ _ ~ _ _

~ _

~"',,

s

%i.,.

.,.,.. _ _,... ~

-4 y

g_..

g e

N

_. '*_ ~ _

s

,a

+ _ - _.

l y.se--eg

.nm,,

m p,.m.4-m.+

e 4_e.

w

. e m.,*e

e

_,bkk

'N

[' M -

h__ _

i Kb 0x Efn-

~ 0_k_lA) y gg La

+

gi y

&ndw hu

& % Dak-

~~

wL1 o uw / k C l M --

j 64-m 9

/-z %

Lo M d&

O hk' kek wo p m_

uwv S_J y ~ 6 4./% 4(

.l 0

Cd tvA s'> W ara 9ff^ )_6 m,L ac!

a als sde w Amy fo A-m

&+

rf a - ar y ),# 4W & 2 6q_3 7

9_

JAcv.T h c[u M _

/

u

--w e

e 1_

~

~

159 2B9

~~

l

...._.-s t

l, 1

2 -

}l

/,,,f ' gp" Q,/

c-/

- I -

~4

,._...}.

5

~~

Ll

.._ e a.

Ik

.._1.

.. _. __.<"~"'._.- __ _ _ _ _ - _

i'

-~_a 7..-

_,_.L23,;;;fa,.

4-D__

/] l.

~.

-?

k Q ';r: *'..

c.

4 z.;,'

,6

.&. A.Q..

.[

• l ~ \\

r

s.

3

.,.e

.c

.Jt,

, e. m. ;,..,..! p _, 9.,~,x.3r c. y ~. *f,

- Cy *.'* y,..

. 7

.,. w y -

.*'c__

..;: e..,J - m. ';c.

,.-r.-

t.

s i ',. ;4 g.,;,e - s~g.;.,.,, g,.. :

+-. yo

. v ~~.; r =, _

n-l

'f g., -y',.. '< ;. f *

)[;{,,.' j. j

,. 2 g.

o g.

f

..i-t-

1'..

,, = ~~ ' ; ; ~ ~~ O.;,f.'. ~ ].

f. p i G..,, _. SQ*

E-

_.,,...ty

. *7,-7' s

=

}

,c;.

• C 5.;

,-3. *.

__~ m

.q. e

- ' ". <.. '[ *'.t-g M '.::",y 'i.,

a.,

y.. - $.5,. r f. ;..

f-s,

g 's j ", _..; -.-,.

^*

y

~ -,

r,,7..

' $' *^>

yh. /2,3.g,;.$','s.'?

~

~

.t

, 1.,,~~*

. -:..,~. v w

.n. [... a "f5 } ' '.'"_ $?.

f

1. l d

• *[ *; * ~g

~5 ?.

U.^j"'~l.,

g

^

. w.,..'.; u.,.. ~,. c..f: "

fl w'.

......, a,.... : -..., :c.,, -

g.

.'.r.. Q 2. ;.~;,.

r.

• -.**;~-.

~.,.

c. n,.. " y. ;, ~ -,.

~.. -

.3 y',. :.'.

}'

J.

d,

e..;.1

,,,,w

,p:

{;, ; '* ;*:

-..._s.

..s.,-

l *

.)'

• ......c,% % *.,4 "_, ;f.... 1~.'-',n\\*d,' r.;.".,'

J -

.s

.,. f :_u..a.: m. J;9 ~~.'.,

w.

-..<m.,...,--".,,, h _, a,:2:,. p..... ~. s' ~ _, c,. m. m. n.,. e.

iS

..g

.,3

~3.'s. -( g- ;. i ' ' a.,,, Y v. 4

. ~.,.

_.;_1-

.. m,-'x.

.n s.w

~ '..,re_.2 s, g %a y

_s.(:. ; -,,1~~ y s

-:.7 -

'l,,

r -

..r.,

. s%.

-y qy sQ, ;Q.n...y ",.,m - ' %........

p.

y,.

~y.

.m.,

~

.. ~ u...,

~

J,=

y e-

-r

?-

L _% * - p.:.~.*."y;.; V.x.

.< ~,

r

. ~. -

.n. _,,, _.,.. *..

. n."~

p,

',4 E

s

_.. =,,.

v

..v Cu -

~.

c -

s.

_ T.

- ~

.v m

_b.. '.g,4,-

s..

...... ~. : "h

...,~...r:.

w.

,. s..,...,. -

. =. g,a~ -...u...,... m.,

a,

^

~. * -.

.4.

v.~.,..

..L.. w s.

, y n., n. z :... a. -:,. g m

1 g

..m s.

5

.. /. '.

s<.

. -..w. :.~.....

d~*

.,,3, - t. ; ~.

.J-V.

5w.

'%.E,'.".:*

g

.c w

. %a

.... w.n...c.. ~....

-s

. y "e.: ~-

.v r_ _.

...:..~..

w.,...m,,s

_- w,. -

C

.*- ' [ y ~',,

A. M ; ",'.:.

. :.. 1.. u.n.u.....,,

I~$_.*-

.m y.

y pr N

' { - 7.,*[ ' ~.~,' '.~] ' _,

]*'. '";;.

..2

. v.,.=-

1 c

w, ~..

.,w 1>

..- - 1

~.

s m.

/ ;. - v.:

a

.c..

2_; ;t. m.

n

. y

,; 2, r,.

e.

,..~

e w.. _ #.

a:.. + s. +

-. - ^

- zc a

~

...~. - l

,., -... q ~

..a -

,.'=

-: c. w.,.

e:

n.-: ::

s

%.u L..p e - ~. -

)

- ' '..y q,

f-

..g...

~ ;.v., *.

,.3

.:.. e.....

_e s...

- - i.-

.s

m.

,,. m.

.e..

.~;..

. ~, -

.s.

13

. ~.

..,,.,,g....-

..,*,,u_

.m.

r.

- : s -,.

g..,,

. p.~ _.. -

a v 2.

..- m,.?,

. o.. _..

~..

..,. c..._.....

_[

7.

.a.. L...._.._a, _ g a.u.,. e..e... w..,._.

.r ;

c.,

g g s.~s.,

r.

g-e..

. s.

4..

1

_.,4,4,.

_ f g,__

_ _ - - ~

.e om

.s-3 m.w.,e y

.s.

e s

y 78"**-"*

M g

u~

j

.]

of l

-.i

_ _ _ _ _..N.___

(f4

'D W 'Y $-

./

T r,

.. ~., _ _. _ - - - - _ - -

.I s

e e6---wi.

-- - ^

p N

. Y

, 2V.s)

---A""~

G%f,i_,, e/-l %.

~

1 v.'-s,-. _d.}-,.$

/ )%r % %-

i l

t f

= = - -,

/

)

s N

l e

j

- ~ :::%

I J /..-[Ml / U

'h.-e w. - =

r

--_'%.w.:,.

s a

~

g //., ------.

d~'.~_/.

_. _ < ~