ML19220C133
| ML19220C133 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Crane  |
| Issue date: | 09/05/1975 |
| From: | Harold Denton Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| To: | Moore V Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 7904280281 | |
| Download: ML19220C133 (8) | |
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& _ 9'4 V. A. Moore, Assistant Director for L*4R's, Group 2, 3L SAFETY E7ALUATION REPORT INPUT - METEOROLOGY PLAh"I NA'.F:
Three-Mile Island Nuclear Station - Unit 2 LICENGING STAGE: OL DOCKET N23ER: 50-320 MILESTONE NO.:
24-32 RESPONSIBLE BEANCN:
L'o'R 2-2 REQUESTED COMFLEIION DATE: Septamber 5, 1975 APPLICANTS RES?ONSE DATE NECESSARY 70R NEIT ACTION PLA!CED ON FROJECT: N/A DESCRIFIION OF RESPONSE: None RE7IEW STATUS: Meteorology Section (SA3) - Cc=plete Enclosed is the meteorology input for inclusion in the Safety Evaluation Report on the subject plant.
This section was prepared by R. Kornasieviez and E. H. Markee, Jr.,
Sita Anal.ysis Branch, TR.
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H. L Denton Harold R. Denton, Assistant Director for Site Safety Division of Technical Review Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation DISTRIBUTION:
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METROPOLITAN EDISON COMPAN'l THREE-MILE ISLAND NUCLEAR STATION - UNIT 2 DOCKET NUMBER 50-320 SAFETY EVALUATICN REPORT INPC 2.3 Meteoroloev Information concerning the atmospheric diffusion characteristics of a proposed nuclear power plant site is required in order that a determination may be made that postulated accidental, as well as routine operational, releases of radioactive saterials are within NRC guidelines. Further, regional and local climatological inforsation, including extreces of climate and severe weather occurrences which may affect the safe design and siting of a nuclear plant at a proposed site, is required to insure that safety-related plant design and operating bases are within NRC guidelines. The meteorological characteristics of a proposed site are determined by the staff's evaluation of meteorological infor=ation in accordance with the procedures presented in Sections 2.3.1 through 2.2,5 of the USNRC Re2ulatory Standard Review Plan.
2.3.1 Regional Cli=atolozy The applicant has provided a sufficient description of the regional meteorological conditions of i=portance to the safe design and siting of this plant.
The climate of southeastern Pennsylvania is primarily continental in character. Although the proximity of Chesapeake and Delaware Bays, and to a lesser extent the Atlantic Ocean tends to exert a moderating influence on air temperatures over much of the region, these effects are weak as far inland as ilarrisburg. Continental polar air, originating in Canada, is the predocinant air = ass type over the region in winter. However, these air = asses are usually modified and war ed somewhat as the air descends the eastern slopes of the Appalachians before reaching the southeastern sections of Pennsylvania. Maritine tropical air = asses, with origins over the Gulf of Mexico or Carribbean Sea, predominate over this region in swa=er.
Winters are relatively mild for the latitude while su==ers are warm and humid. Te=peratures of 90F or higher may be reached on 20 to 25 days annually over the region while temperatures of 0F or lower =ay be expected on ouly one or two days. On approxi=ately 108 days annually, te=peratures of 32F or lower =ay be expected.
Precipitacion is generally well distributed throughout the year, but the greatest =cnthly arounts occur in su==er, associated with thundershowers. On an annual basis, relative humidity averages around 70 percent.
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- Severe weather occurrences in the site region are associated with severe thunderstorms or with intense, larg-cale winter storm syste=s.
Tropical storms or hurricanes inf; aently affect the site.
During the period 1955-1967, 12 tornadoes were reported within the one degree latitude-longitude rectangle containing the site, giving a =ean annual frequency of 0.9 and a computed recurrence interval for a tornado at the site of 1400 years. There were 16 reports of hail three-quarters of an inch in dia:eter or greater in this one degree rectangle during the period 1953-1967 and 29 windstorms with wind speeds of 50 knots (58 mph) or higher.
Thirteen tropical stor=s or hurricanes have passed within 50 miles of Three-Mile Island during the period 1871 through 1974.
High air pollution potential (air stagnation) can be expected to occur on five days annually. A heavy ice storm (accu =ulation of one-half inch or more) can be expected during one year out o f two.
The maximum " fastest mile" wind speed recorded at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, ten milcs northwest of Three-Mile Island, is 68 miles / hour.
The plant design basis tornado, with a maximum wind speed of 360 miles / hour and a total pressure drop of 3.0 psi is considered to be sufficient for the area in which the plant is located. The design basis, sustained (f astest mile) wind opeed of 80 miles / hour, at a height of 30-f t with a return period of 100 years, is suf ficient for the site.
The 35 pounds /cquare foot and 53 pounds / square foot weights, used for the operating basis design for snow and ice on the horizontal roofs and abutting lawer structures, respectively,is considered sufficient for the site vicinity.
2.3.2 Local Meteorology The applicant has provided suf ficient information for us to rake an evaluation of the local meteorological conditiens of importance to the safe design and siting of this plant.
Long ters weather records from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania show that an extre=e =aximum temperature of 107F occurred in July 1966 and. extreme minimum temperature of -14F was recorded in January 1912. The =axi=us 24 hour2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> precipitation a=ount of record is 12.55 inches in June 1972. The normal annual snewf all total at Harrisburg
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. is 37 inches. Freezing precipitation nor= ally occurs on two or three days each year. At Harrisburg, heavy fog (visibility one-fourth =ile or less) may b3 expected on 21 days annually and thunderstorrs on 33 days. Wind data collected at the 100-ft level onsite (10 =eters above nearby obstructions) during the two period of record 4/71-3/72 and 10/72-10/73 show that the predo=inant wind flow direction over the site is f rom the northwest with a frequency of 9.8%.
Winds f ro= the north-nor* kars t occurred least frequently (2.6%).
2.3.3 onsite Meteorological Measure =ents Progra=
The onsite =eteorological measurements program has been co= pared with the reco==endations and intent of Regulatory Guide 1.23.
We concluded that the meteorological =easure=ents progra= has produced data which, in turn, have been su==arized to provide an adequate meteorological description of the site and its vicinity for the purpose of making atmospheric diffusion esti=ates for accidental and routine airborne releases of radioactive effluents fro = the proposed nuclear plant.
Meteorological data collection began ons'.te in May 1967 with the installation of a 100-f t high, instru=ented =ast ab out 1500-f t south of the Unit 2 contain=ent structure. Wind speed and direction were =easured at the 100-ft level on this =as t.
In October 1970, this nast was relocated to a position approximately 1750-f t south-east of the Unit 2 containment. Wind speed and direction continued to be =easured at the 100-ft level on this =as t until it was deactivated in June, 1972.
At the same time that the 100-ft =ast was =oved fro = its original position in October 1970, another 150-f t high meteorological tower, erected on the northern end of Three-Mile Island, beca=e operatienal.
Located 2200-ft north of the Unit 2 contain=ent building, this tower is currently in operation at the site. Wind speed and direction are measured at the 100- and 150-ft level;, ambient air ta=perature at the 25-ft level, relative humidity at the 150-f t level, and vertical te=perature dif ference between the 25-and 150-ft levels and between the 50- and 150-f t levels on this tower.
In addition, horizontal and vertical wind fluctuations are measured at the 100-ft level. In October 19 71, the vertical te=perature gradient measuring syste= was replaced and upgraded.
The present wind speed and direction =easuring instru=ent installed at the 150-ft level does not =eet the instru=ent specifications reco== ended in Regulatory Guide 1.23.
Because of the limited space available on the island and the numerous structures associated with the plant facilities, the location of the 1cuest wind sensors 0
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_ are not at the 10 meter above ground level as reco== ended in Regulatory Guide 1.23.
Ins tead, the 100-f t level of these sensors places thes ac a height 10 =eters (33-ft) above nearby trees which reach heights of about 70-ft.
This placement does meet the intent of Regulatory Guide 1.23.
The applicant has provided joint frequency distributions of wind speed and direction by atmospheric stability class (based on vertical temperature dif f erence) for two one-year periods of data record (4/71-3/72 and 10/72-10/73) collected onsite. The wind speed and direction ceasured at the 100-ft level and reduced to represent conditions at the 33-ft level, and the vertical temperature dif ference between the 50- and 150-f t levels were the bases for our dispersion estimates. The joint recovery rate for these data for the two years of record was 79"..
Metecrological data collection is continuing onsite. Another one full year period of data record, with a recovery rate of at least 90%, is to be made available to the staff at the end of the annual data collection period in early 1976.
2.3.4 Short-Term (Accident) Diffusion Estimates Conservative assess =ents of post-accidental atmospheric diffusion conditions have been cade by us from the applicant's =etaorological data and appropriate diffusion models. In the evaluation of short-term (0-2 hours at the exclusion distance and 0-8 hours at the LPZ distance) accidental releases from the plant building and vents, a ground-level release considering a building wake f actor, cA, of 1000:2 was assumed. The relative concentrations for the various ti=e periods following an accidental release were calculated using the dif fusion model described in Regulatory Guide 1.4.
The relative concentration for the 0-2 hours ti=e period which is exceeded no = ore than 5" of the ti=e is 1.4 x 10-3 sec/m3 at the exclusion distance of 610 meters (=easured from the outside edge of the containment building). This relative concentration is equivalent to dispersion conditions produced by Pasquill type F stability with a wind speed of 0.4 =eters/second. The relative concentrations esti=ated at the outer boundary of the low population :ene (3213 meters) for the various time periods folicwing an accidental release are.
0-8 hours 8.3 x 10-3 sec/23 8-24 hours 5.7 x 10-3 sec/m3 1-4 days 2.2 x 10-5 sec/m3 4-30 days 5.6 x 10-0 sec/=>
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. 2.3.5 Long-Tern (Routine) Diffusion Estimates, Reasonable esti=ates of average atmospheric diffusion conditions have been made by us from the applicant's =eteorological data and appropriate diffusion models as describad in Regulatory Guide 1.42.
The highest of fsite annual average relative concentration of 9.8 x 10-6 sec/m3 for vent releases occurs at the site boundary east of the proposed reacecr complex.
2.3.6 Conclusions The applicant has provided adequate inforsation concerning meteorological conditions which are of i=portance to the safe design and siting of the plant.
The applicant's onsite seteorological program has produced data which could be used by the staff to make conservative estimates of atmospheric dispersion characteristics for gaseous releases from the plant. However, since the data racovery rate for the =eteorological data provided by the applicant was only 79%, the applicant will be required to provide an additional one year period of data record with a recovery rate of at least 90%. This data should be available early in 1976 and will be used by us in verifying our dispersion esti=ates.
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