ML19220B186

Forwards Comments Re Proposed Cp.Concerned W/Radiological Impacts on Fish & Wildlife & Danger of Fish Being Attracted by Water Intake

ML19220B186
Person / Time
Site:	Crane
Issue date:	06/17/1969
From:	INTERIOR, DEPT. OF
To:	Price H US ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION (AEC)
References
NUDOCS 7904250498
Download: ML19220B186 (4)

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s IN REPL.Y REFER TCs I./b'a%, p$d$'

UNITED STATES f.5 :N.

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR tQ(%p ' t.J FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE

. d-p W AS HI N GTO N.

D. C.

20240

%mr"j' JUN 171969 7,.

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When considering this site, it should be remembe red that the probable maximum flood discharge is the result of a theoretical calcu-lation uapanfent directly unen meteorologic and hydroloy'.c cata, and as more da :a becoce 2vailable, the resulting calculatea floed discha te may be changed. Because these calculations strive to define an upper limit which re=ains unknmen, any revisions can cnly be upward.

In addition, this site, located on an island immediately downstream and en the outside of a 90-degree river bend, may be subjected to elevated river velocities and may be in the direct path of floating debris.

During floods, access structures to the plant area will also be threatened. The finished plant grade is given as 304.0 feet above mean sea level (ms1), and the stage calculated past the site for 1,100,000 cfs varies frc, elevation 303.0 to 304.0 feet above esl.

Stages for the probable maximun ficod to be publishr-can be expected to censider-ably exceed those for 1.'00,0C0 cfs and s.11 probably exceed the ele-vatien given for the finished plant grade.

Indundation of the site will be precluded only by assuming the adequacy and integrity of the flood centrol dikes surrounding ic.

because tne site is particul rly vulnerable to flecding, it is recommanded that it be accepted only if it can be shean that temporary ficed protectica can be provided for ficods walch might exceed the probable maximua fleed to be published, and if at so:e later date, should the probable =aximum flood ccmpu-tatiens be t evised upward, the per anent flood protectica level can

-correspendingly le raised.

Although of relatively minor concern at this site, it shculd be mentioned that any airborne radienuclides deposited directly en the outcrop areas of the more permeable, stratified beds of sandstene er siltstone which are part of the Gettysburg Shale, could be expected to reach the artesian aquifers in this for=atien in a short pe riod of time. The relatively per=eable, 10 to 30 feet thick alluvium overlying the Gettysburg Shale is a major source of recharge to the artesian aquifers which crop out beneath it.

Airborne radicnuclides depcsited en the alluvium could be expected to be sorbed on the soil particles or per=eate, in a satter of days. to the water table and either to be ecved to the Rusquehanna River under the influence of the hydraulic gradient or enter the artesian aquifers.

Geolori The analysis of the geology of the Three Mile Island Nuclear.9:ation Unit 2, as presented in AEC Docket No. 50-320 and supple =ents, was reviewed and cecpared with e available literature and with the PCAR of Three Mile Island Nuclear Statien Unit 1 (AEC Docket ?!o. 50-289 and supplements).

The geologic concitions for Unit 2 appear to be essentially identical with those given in the analysis for Uait 1.

ro 9qn t sJ tuU 2

The site is located in the Getcysburg Sasin section of the Pied: cat Physiographic province. At the site approximately 20 reet of alluvial sedirants overlie Upper Triassic Gettysburg Shale. The Gettysburg Shale consists of steeply-dipping, intercedded fine-to medium grained sandstone, shaly siltstone, and shaly claystone. One to three feet of weathered rock occurs i =ediately below the alluvium bedrcck contact.

Ecring logs, as shcun in the PSAR 2c-both Uni I and Unit 2, indicate that fcundation ccaditicas t r.

sound bedrock underlying the site should be adequate for the proposed facility. During constructica, hew-ever, some miner ncdifications of f cunda tion design may be required due to variations ic the thickness of the weathc red zcne en the Gettysburg Shale. The relationship between rock structures and potential shear strengths of the rock also may necessitate some modificatiens of design during construction in order to ensure the integrity of scme of the more heavily loaded foundations. Any such mcdifications, hewever, should be within the limits of standard er gineering design and p uctice.

There are no identifiable active faults or other recent geclogic structures that could be expected to locali:e earthquakes in the 1::ediate vicinity of the site. Althcugh 3 postulated faults, the projected traces of which would pass through or nearby the site, are shown on a geologic map of the area by Stese and Jonas (1933), the available local and regional geologic and geophysical evtdence does not appear to warrant the projection of any of these postulated faults to the L::ediate vicinity of the site. The border fault of the Pennsyl" Ania Triassic Basin, however, lies approximately 5 to o miles north of the site ; elsewhere in the eastern United States many earth-quake epicenters appear to be cencentrated in the Lamediate vicinity of ec= parable geologic structures.

Re ference Stose, G. 'J.

and Jonas. A. I.,1933, Geology and mineral resources of the Middlete.n quadrang' Pa.;

U.S. Ce ci. survey 2u11. f;C.

c. d,. <> t; j-g to 3

Metropolitan E. icon C;.ipany Jersey Cent:21 Fever & Light C:=pany Three Mile Island Nuclear 9:stion Unit 2 Docket No. 50-320 Hvdrolorv The planned location for Three Mile Island Nuclear Station Unit 2 is on 'ihree Mile Island which is near the east shore of the Susquehanna River, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, lh =iles upstream.of York Haven ca=s, 2 =iles south of Midcletcwn, 10 =iles southeast of Harrisburg, 11 =iles downstream of the U.S. Ceclogical Servey Harrisburg strea=-

gaging station, and a: =ile 58.

The station will e= ploy a pressurized water reactor rated at an initial power level of 2452 =egawatts ther=al or 845 ce awatts electrical. Make up water for two cooling re wre aill be taken frc= the Susquehanna Liver. Scce water will be tecurned :o the Susquehanna t.tver as a dilutaat fer the operational releases of liquid radioactive wcstes.

Based on a review of the applicant's "Prelbninary Safety Analysis

~ Report" and an indc7endent check of the available data and literature, 1: can be concluded tnat ec==ents concerning the diluti on characte ristics of the Susquehanna River and the availability of cooling water as pre-seated in the attach?d hydrologic review for Unit 1 prepared by E. L.

M2yer on January 10, IS6o, are equally applicable for Unit 2.

Except as noted below, the hydrologic analysis of the site with respect to the operational or accidental release of radionuclides to the environ =ent as presented by the applicant appears to be adequate.

The =ajor bydrologic concern at this site is the potential fleed hazard. The t.iected design flood for Unit 1 (1,100,000 cubic feet per second cfs) was, as noted in the attached hydrologic review, a pre lin-inary calcula. xa of the probable maxi =u= floed then in use by the Balti= ore District, U.S. Corps of Engineers. Based on a later calcu-laticn by the 3altL= ore District, the provisicnal figure for the un-regulated probable =axi=u: ficed is new approxi=ately 1,750,000 cfs at Harrisburg. Due to regulatien afforded by the exis:ing or planned upstrea da=s which are designed for the probable =axi=um flocd, the final discharge fi;ure for the probable =aximu= flood at Harrisburg, scheduled to be published in mid-1970, is esti=ated to be 1,600,000 cfs. The pe r=anent floed protection level for Unit 2 should be based on the stage ccmputed for the probable =aximu= flood discharge :o be published and should be adjusted to reflect the breaching of any ex-isting or planned upstrea= ca=s not designed for tne probable

=axi=u= flood plus allewance for wave run up.

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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR g

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.usm scros c :. :nc J1;f 3 0 E46 Mr. Harold Price Director of Regulation U.S. Atomic Energy Commission 7920 Norfolk Avenue.

3ethesda, Maryland 20545

Dear Mr. Price:

Transmitted herewith in response to a request by Mr. Roger S. Boyd, is a review of the hydrologic and geologic aspects of the Three Mile Island Nuclear Station Unit 2 - AEC Docket No. 50-320 proposed by Metropolitan Edison Ccepany and Jersey Centr 21 Power & Light Company.

The review was prepared by P. J. Carpenter and H. H. Waldron and has been discussed with =emoers of your staff. We have no objections to your mak-ing this review a part of the public record.

Sincerely yours, N 4% w py y

" 1CDirectot

Enclosure:

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'"ake such steps as may be deternir.ed necessary by the above os.r.

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Conduct pre-cperational radiological surveys which shculd include but not be limited to:

a.

Os=a radicactivity analysis cf water and sedinent sa=les ecliected within SCO feet of the reacter effluent

~ ~.

b.

3 eta and ganna radicactivity analysis of selected plants and animals, including nollusks and crastaceans, collected as near the reacter effluent as possible.

3 F epare a report of the pre-cperatienal radiolegical surveys and provide five copies to the Secreta:7 cf the Interior fer evaluation prior to project operstion.

h.

Ccnduct post-cperati nal radiclegical surveys sirrilar to that specified in recc=endaticn two above, analyze the data, and prepare and submit reports every six ncnths or until-it has been conclusively denonstrated that ne significant adverse conditions e cist; subnit five copies of these reports to the Secretar7 cf the Interior for distribution to apprcpriate State and Federal agencies for evaluaticn.

'de understand that the regulatcry authority of the Atedc Energy Cc=issien is confined to censiderations of ec=cn defense and security, and radiological health and safety. Ecwever, we recc=end and urge that, before the pernit be issued, the dangers of other pctential hazards to fish and wildlife be called to the attention of the applicant. The federally approved State water quality standa-ds for the Susquehanna Eiver =ct be maintained. In crder to assure adequate quality in the receiving vaters, it may be necessa 7 to install additional cooling facilities.

Anoths; pctential hazard to the fishery resources of the project area is the cooling water circulating system. A substantial numbe-of fish nay bs attracted to or drawn in by this systen and destrcyed, thus resulting in cignificant fishery lesses.

~he normal trach racks and screens used for cooling water systems may be adequate to prevent this less. Ecwever, if they do not prove satisfactory, it may be necessary to develcp and install fish screendng facilities er other prctective devices.

The applicants cheuld meet with representatives of the Fish and 'dildlife Service, Federal " dater Pollutien Centrol Adninistratic T, Pennsylvania Fish Cc=iscien, and the Pennsylv'nia Sanita 7 ' dater Scard, to discuss r,)3_ - o r; tj gs u s.. s

In the project area the dusgaehanna P.iver suppcrts a sport fishery of censiderable nagnitude. Sluegill, crappies, walleye, yellcw perch, bullneads, muskellunge, largencuth bass, and white perch are the principal species caught. The land alcng Ccnewage Creek in the

<icinity of Icrk Haven tail:ater cutlet, cwned by the Pe=sylvania Fish Cc=ission, provides access and boat launching facilities.

The msults of studies ccnducted by the Fish and Wildlife Service in cecperation with the States of Pe=sylvania, New York, and 7.arfland indicate that - ach of the Suscuehanna ?.iver is suitable for the restcra-tien of runs of the anadreneus haerican shad.

The application incicates that the release of radioactive wastes would not exceed maximum pernissible cencentrations prescribed in Title 10, Part 20, of the Ccde of Federal Eegulaticns. Althcugh these provisions na7 safeguard nan frca undue radiation expcsure, they nay not always guarantee that fish and wildlife will be protected frca adverse effects.

If the concentration in the receiving waters were the culy cencideraticn, naxi=n pemissible limits would be adeq2 ate criteria for detemining the safe rate of discharge for fish and wildlife. However, radioisotcpes of nan 7 elenents are concentrated and stored b7 organisms that reqaire these elenents for their nor.al metabolic activities. Sc.ne organisms ccncentrate and stcre radioisotopes of elenents not nomally required, but which are chemically similar to elenents essential for metabolien.

In both cases, the radienuclides are transferred fren cne orgards: to another through varicus levels of the fccd chain just as are the non-sdicactive elenents. These transfers nay result in further ccncentration cf radienuclides and a wide dispersien frcn the project a ea, particularly b7 migrater7 fish, nsn::.s1s, and bLrds.

We understand that the a'.plicant has been conducting a pre-cperaticnal radiological survey cf the project area and that planned post-operational radiological surveys will make use of the pecg sn develcped for Unit No.1.

Howeve. in view of '.he extensive fish and wildlife rescu ces in th" project area, i.t is i: perative that every pcscible effort be made to safeguard these -escurces frca -adioactive contadnation. Therefore, it is recc= ended r *..~.M.opolitan Liiscn Cer:pany and Jersey Central Feuer and light Cc=ca r ba req 2 ired tc:

1.

Cceperate wtth the Fish and Wildlife Service, Pe=sylvania Fish Cc=ission, Pen sylvania Sanitary Water 3 card, and other interested State and Federal agencies 5 developug plans for additional radiclegic;.1 surve7s.

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