ML19210C176
| ML19210C176 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Crane  |
| Issue date: | 11/15/1972 |
| From: | Harold Denton US ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION (AEC) |
| To: | Muller D US ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION (AEC) |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 7911130409 | |
| Download: ML19210C176 (6) | |
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NOV 1 s $72 ENVIRON, FILE (NEPA)
Damial L Ms11er, Assistaat Director for tuvira====r=1 Projects L BETISEB RADId14GICM. neracT SECTION OF Tetus MILE Istaan 333 Flant memes Three Mile Island tie==afag stages 5,
Becket ammber: 54> 249 320 aesponsible kamaks Envira====*=1 Frejests Branch-4
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Project managar J. B. Jenkins anta regmeet seenived by EA-La November 9, 1972 Regnested eemplati== detes Movember 15, 1972 Baseripties of respement n=,=1==1= time of doses based en revised sourse term.
Radiological Assessment Branch review status: Complete F. Cental, E&-L, has ree=1e=1=ead the doses which appear in the Radiological Aspect==atiam of the Thres Mile Island BES using the revised seures term==h=itted by the Effluent Treatment systems 3rsesh. Attached era the text and tables with the corrested isless.
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Enrold L Boston, Assistant Director for sita safety Biasetscate of Lisemaing Baslesures As stated 2
se w/o ensla A. Giambuses E EsRosald es w/ anal:
S. Eammeer, J. Emedria E a. asses J. B. Jenkins J. Eastner 3
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'f conditions. The quantity of radioactivity that is released to the environ-ment will be a small fraction of the limi.ts set forth in 10 CFR Part 20 of the Commission's Regulctions, and the amounts will be kept as low as practicable in accordance with 10 CFR Part 30.36a.
These regulations apply to the combined releases from all sys,tems connected with both Units 1 and 2.
The Staff has made calculations of the radiation dose using the esti=ated release rates of radionuclides listed' in Tables 4, 5 and 6 using stated assumptions relative to dilution, biological recon-centration in food chains, and use factors by people.
2.
Radioactive Materials Released to the Atmosehere The most significant radiation dose to the public will result from the radionuclides in the gaseous effluents from the plant.
The radioactive materials released to the atmosphere are principally the fission-product noble gases, krypton and xenon.
Nearly all of the dose received by persons living, working or using recreational facil-itics in the vicinity of the plant will result from radioactive krypton and xenon in the air surrounding.the individual. The postulated gas-cous effluents f rom the plant are listed in Tables 4 and 5.
We have calculated the potential annual doses using averages for meteorological conditions and assuming releases of the licted isotopos nl-a constant rate.
During normal operation of the plant at full power, the maximum doserateduetociq,ugimmersionat the plant's exclusion boundary on the river bank ( " 'ft. ESE) where the X/Q = 9.1 x 10- sec/m, is 3
es32 i:?2'en/yr while the dose at 4hc nearest com-calculated to be about munity (Goldsboro,1-1/2 miles W) is less than CMS nirem/yr.
The annual dose (outside) at the neapst home (2340 f t. E, X/Q = 4.8 x 10-6 s g/m )
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is estimated to be 22S Gram /yr.
However, a higher dose of C d5 694m/yr will be received at another home located 2460 f t.
ESE, where a higher X/Q of 7.4 x 10-6 sec/m3 is calculated.
Assuming an occupancy of 3 months annually, the total body dose to campers at Beach Island (2030
'ft. SW) and Shelly' gland (2000 fg), both normally uninhabited, would be about M mren/yr and 8=igmrem/yr, respectively.
The dose also based upon three months per year occupancy, at the proposed recrea-tional area pt the southern end of Three Mile Island will range f rom about M03 srSm/yr at a point near York Haven Dam (3500 ft. S) to about 0,05*8:02 mrem /yr at the southern tip of the Island (3500 ft. S).
A fishe r-man, pleasure boater or sunbather who spends 500 hours0.00579 days <br />0.139 hours <br />8.267196e-4 weeks <br />1.9025e-4 months <br /> per year j us t outside the exclusion line at the nearest point on Shelly 's Island would receive less than 0.0fmrem/yr due to gaseous effluents.
Higher doses, of course, would be received by a fisherman, swimmer, or boater who inadvertently violated the plant exclusion circle.
For example, at a shore on Three Mile Island nearest the plant (inside the exclusion 3
circic 830 ft. SW, where the X/Q is as high as 1.4 x 10 '+ sec/m ), a fisherman or boater spending 500 hours0.00579 days <br />0.139 hours <br />8.267196e-4 weeks <br />1.9025e-4 months <br /> per year would receive about W O. 6 3 mrom/yr f rom gaseous effluents.
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O.25" Based on an annual release rate of 2 Ci/yr of iodine-131, the thyroid dose due to,(ngalation would be less $gan MMrem/yr at t
the exclusion line (nit? ESE), less than Bdi: rem /yratphenearest S
home,&=&7%[tm/yratT6enearest town (Goldsboro) and fD;&Srem/yr at the proposed recreation area (3500 ft. S).
Radioactive iodine may be ingested by milk cows af ter deposi-tion in grazing areas. Radiation exposure to the thyroid gland can result frca drinking milk from these cows.
A liter of milk consumed daily from a cou grazing five months per, year at the nearest dairy farm (1-1/2 miles ESE, X/Q = 1.6 x,10-' sec/m3 ) would result in a
' dose to an infant's thyroid of aboutC mrem /yr.
3.
Radioactive Materials Released to Receiving Water During normal operation of the plant, the liquid radwaste effluent will be combined with the forced draf t cooling tower blowdown before release into the Susquehanna River.
Calculation of radiation doses from radionuclides released into the liquid effluent requires estimating the concentrations of these radionuclides at the point of discharge.
A nominal flow rate of 36,000 gallons per minute (80 cfs) for the cooling tower blowdown was used to calculate the liquid raduaste dilution in the discharge canal.
The river flow ranges from a low of 1,600 cfs to a maximum flood level of 740,000 cfs with aa average annual flow of 34,000 cfs. Thus, an additional factor of 100 was conservatively assumed in order to estimate the effluent dilution af ter mixing with the river water.
The principal pathways leading to exposure doses to man are drinking water from the river, consuming fish and invertebrates caught in the river; and swimming, boating, and picnicking in or on the shore of the river.
Bioaccumulation factors used to calculate doses from fish and invertebrate consumption are listed in Table 11.
The doses to individuals resulting from the previously mentioned pathways are
. calculated using the estimated annual nuclide liquid releases given in Table 6 and dilution factors described above.
In addition, it was 7'" 'I%8 asgumed that each person drinks 1,200 cc of water per day, consumes 20 yreg : ef
.fg DYams of invertebrates per day, swims 100 hours0.00116 days <br />0.0278 hours <br />1.653439e-4 weeks <br />3.805e-5 months <br /> per year, and goes boating and picnicking on the shoreline for 500 hours0.00579 days <br />0.139 hours <br />8.267196e-4 weeks <br />1.9025e-4 months <br /> per year.
A delay of twenty-four hours is assumed between release and consumption.
No delay factor is considered for recreational use.
The results of the individual dose calculations are summarized in Table 12.
4.
Radioactive Materials Stored on Site The dose contribution at and beyond the site boundary due to radioactive storage areas on site is expected to be negligible.
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Populntion Doses From All Sources Values of the cumulative dose to. the population f rom gaseous effluents based on 1970 census figures are listed in Table 13 for various distances from the station. The ccabined dose to all individuals living within fif ty miles of the station (1,868,00,0) f rom exposure to radioactive gaseous effluents is estimated to be t:t 5'an-rem per year. It was assumed
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that TS percent of this total population would be exposed while fishing 1^-ing or picnicking in the immediate vicinity of the plant.
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The dose from ingesting fish and invertebrates was estimated by assuming that 10 percent of the total population within a fif ty mile radius of the station obtained 25 percent of this intake from the Susquehanna River. Thus, the ef fective exposed population via this path-ny is 47,000.
The combined annual population dose via the' drinking water, fish, inverte-brate, recreation and trancportation (of nuclear fuel and solid radioactive waste) pathways is calculated to bY 239an-rem.
The population dose from all of the above pathways is summarized
'in Table 14.
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TABLE 12
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ANNUAL DOSES AT EQUILIERIUM CONDITIONS TO INDIVIDUALS AT VARIOUS LOCATIONS DOSE GiROf/YR)
LOCATION PATHWAY GI TRACT THYROID TOTAL BCDY l./
O.72 Exclusion Boundary Cloud (MP W
(2170' ESE)
O.62.
o.77 Residencel Cloud C;::S (2340' E) 0.73 a.C?
Residencel Cloud C;:4-W (2460' ESE)
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CART Goldsboro Cloud (nearest totm 1.5 miles W) 0./s-C:::EP
- o. I O C:D C;C3 Three Mile Island Cloud Recreation Area 2 (3500' S) o.2.1 o./V Shelly's Island Cloud CM W
(2000' W)
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O.13 Dairy' Farm Ingesdion 3
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5 52 (1.5 miles E) of milk O.fC o,025*
Susquehanna River Drinking 0.009 2=fr W
water i
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Consumption 0.003 0.05'O c.o 3 Y Invc rtebraee C::: 3.
Q::22.
h a:S Consumption O.000)
W4 Swimming
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on M4 Shore.line b/]
I No shielding was assumed.
2Dose calculation assumes an occupancy of 3. months per year.
3Dose to a child's thyroid based on consuming one liter of milk daily from a cow grazing five months per year at that particular farm.
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