ML19209A615

ATMX-600 Railcars for Radioactive Waste Shipments

ML19209A615
Person / Time
Site:	07106400
Issue date:	01/07/1979
From:	Adcock F DOW CHEMICAL CO.
To:	US ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION (AEC)
Shared Package
ML19209A608	List: ML19209A607 ML19209A611 ML19209A613 ML19209A615
References
CON-AT-(29-1)-1106 RFP-1411, TID-4500, NUDOCS 7910050070
Download: ML19209A615 (37)

Text

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january 7,1970 1

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1 C-70 WASTE DISPOS \\I.

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ATMX-600 RAILCARS FOR RADIDACTIVE WASTE SHIPMENTS, r -

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~3 19 I.Ik cp THE COW CHEMICAL COMPANY ROCKY FLATS DIVISICN I

P. O. BOX Ec3 GOLDEti, COLORADO 80401

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-t Prepared under Contract AT(31)-1106 179 1005007O Albuquerque Operations Office

-1 U. 5. Atomic Energy Commis sion i109 155 14114 v

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Abstract introduction 1

The Prvblem I

Contractors' Meeting at Maund Model 55/30 Container I

Sted Gverpa.k I

Development I

Selection of the ATMX400 Railcar 2

Cargo Containers....

3 Support Equipment.

3 Trucks or Trailers.

4 Fork. Lift Trucks.

4 Spreaders 4

Operations at Rocky Flats 4

Loading Drums into Containers.

4 leading Containers into ATMX Cars.

5 trading Waste Drums (or Crates) Directly into Railcar..

5 Shipping Experience 5

Description of Railcar 5

General 7

Construction 7

Underfrarne 7

Superstructure 7

Closure Modifications of the ATMX400 Radear for Use with Carg,o Containe:s 11 1I Floor Mounts for Demountable Container 12 Shear Plates 12 Plywood Floor 12 Convenience Equipment 12 Loading Waste Drums (cr Crates)Directly into Railcar.

13 Marking,

13 Authorized Packag:s 13 i

[kums 13 Line Generated Waste 13 Process Waste.

13 Crates 14 Nuclear Safety.

14 Other Limitations 14 References Appendix 1. AEC Certification of Approval 15 for Fissde large Quantity Shippin;; Containers...

Appendix 11. Department of Transportation

..I IS llazardous Materials Regulations Board Special Permit No. 5048.

2rs.

27 Appendix 111. Nedear Safety Evduation ATMX+00 S: ries Ral:

31 Appendix IV. Engineering Evaluation 35 Appendix V. USASIISO Catgo Centainer iii P00ROR8fd 1109 156

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t A C K N O \\\\ L EI)G T!!;N T S Almost every organization at Rocky Flats was insolved in the AT\\lX railcar project. Eork included colletting and analyzing data nn waste processing and packaging requirements, evaluation of the cars, and esentual modification of the cars for shipping waste..ilajor partici.

pants included Industrial IIclations (llealth Physics and Nuclear Safety), Facilities Blaintenance an.1 Facilities Engineering),.1anu.

1 facturing (Chemical. Operations and Product Engineering). Division Services (Purchasing and Traffic) and Research and Deselop:nent (Chemistry).

The number of individuals who contributed to the success of this project is numerous.

At Sandia Corporation Floyd Kune and Frank Diebold were especially helpful in providing the specifications for the AT.\\lX cars and other background information on design and use.

The advice and assistance of Dave Kood, Ed Barraciough, and Barry Estes of the.\\EC Albuquerque Operatians Office was most appreciated.

Finally, the information on cargo containers and related equipment supplied by various companics should be aclnowledged. \\lt. J. B.

Bonney of Weyerhaeuser was particularly helpful.

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.\\Til.Ltd10 llAll.E \\lli l'Olt itTil!O \\C il\\ E E ASTE dilli'ilENT8 l

Frank E..Ideack I

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l Abstract. The Dow Chemical Company, flas ky Flats nwth I of pat kagia. and w hat he was doing to deselop y

givi, ion has been aui.:,cil Ucrartment of Tran3por-appromi contaiaer.

tat;oa Special 1%rmit 39 m f.>r shipping fiuile and large quantitie of radioattise waste mat.: rials in At that time, all,hipments to burial grounds were AT11.\\-600 Serie, railcars. These mnwise (119,000 being made under Bureau of Explosives Permits, ICC l

pounds light weight) double walled steel cars, built Permits, or " National Security Esemptions." Few, I

and owned by the AEC, are ideal for shipping large if any of the esisting containers would meet the AEC11 f

volumes of waste materials to a burial site.

0529 and the IX)T cegulations which were soon to become effectise.

Three roof sections of the car may be remosed to ex.

pose the 9 x 9 x 50-foot cargo hold. The load limit Two of the containers being deveinped seerr.ed to is 101.000 pounds.

fulfill n.it needs-the 55/30 container' under develon.

ment at Wund, and the large (5 x 5 x 9 foot) steel mterial may be packaged in either steel drums or overpack for concrete vaults developed by Brookhaven plywood crates. Rapid loading and unloading is Nat ion al 1.aboratorie s.'

accomplished by pre-packaging the waste containers in USASI-ISO Standard 3 x 3 4 20-foot steel cargo MODEL 3Y30 CONTAINER - The % del 55/30 con.

c ont aine rs.

taim.r consisted of a 30-callon drum suspend-d within a 55 gallon drum by means of plywood spacer disks i

INTil0 DUCTION at each end. T1.c annular space between the drums was filled with n.oist vermiculite.

The Prob!cm:

flocky flats planned to use this container and te3ted flocky Flats produces plutonium-contaminated waste som p ototy pes. Est of the testing was done at as a by-product from plant operations. 7.ith rainor Lund 1.aboratory and the DOT Special Permit was exceptions, the waste is packaged and shipped to the bta;ned b them.

National lleactor Test Station (NHTS) near Arco, Idaho, for burial.

Although the %dul 55.'00 waste container was the best available, it required that a 55-gallon package be Low-level waste,acLaged in ordi,ary steel drums transported and buried for each 30 gallons of waste may be shipped by commercial carrier. liigher levels disposed; this would almost double our volume of of contamination require Ty pc B packaginc as drummed waste.

defined by Department of Tian>portatian (DOT) rego-lations. Each y ear, about 3000.~>5. gallon drums and STI El. OVERPACK - The concept of the Brookhaven 36,000 cubic feet of crates have a plutonium content that requires Type D packaging.

c n'ainer, a remsable steel overpack, was sound.

Dere w:re, however, two disadvantagest a high No suitable container for waste esisted in the sprin2 initial cost, and the number af man-hours involved of 1968 which would meet the Ty pe B pacLaging to add the os erpack to the plywood erste and then to requirements of AECM 0529 and the DOT regulations.

remose it later.

Contractors

• Sleeting at Wund:

IlE\\ELOPMENT During mv 1968, represeniatis e, frorn the AEC, the DOT, and from various AEC-contractors met at Wund Selectinu of the XI M\\.t.00 !!ailcar:

Laboratory to discun the pacting and transportatien of radioactive wastes. 1%h contractor deveribed the Fellawin: the firsoihasen concept of using a proxe-type of waste generated at hi, facility, hW pre-cut tisc cs erpact for crate,, the a, of special all-steel P00R B M

It'Flh1411 railroad car < w a-ins e-ticate.l. Tw o t> p.

..f cars.

cpi;.c.cnt i.m-ed u< to'eis e thi, field p.utii ular the AT\\l\\.~.00 amt -noo.' enc, were sent to llocky att. nt ion.

Flati. for in<pection. The-c i ar, were.lesigned by S.untia C. p.n ati..n an.! ii...! 1 en pics i..u-13 n,e.1 by the AF.C for tran-posting raJioat tise material *.

l'iaal!3 an 8 s H s.'O-foi.t all-tecl fully-encia,cd IM51-1.v).le:nountal le i argn c ontainer el'ieure 2 and The.40 8 erie. cars were ratht r li nited in useful Appen.lis \\ ) wa- -elet te.1 f.

initial us.. at liotly inside solume, but the 20 Serie, car acemeil to be I'lat, because of th" followin.: a.!s a n tage,:

well suited to our needs.

1. Im. cdiately available in any quantity.

Since the AT11X.600 car Wi.:ure 1) could also serve as a protective overpack for drummed waste, work on

2. No rapital c%penditure required; low Icase ratc.

the 55/30 waste container was discontinued. Design f

effort was directed toward providing the necessary

3. Campatible with both elrurns and crates.

car modifications aml support equipment needed to t

ensure a workable, safe. and efficient means of

4. lleiluce start-up time by elininating pallet design shipping crates and drums of radioactive waste, and fabrication.

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1 Cargo Containers:

5. Ilandling aad linh!-dow n equipment available for

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off-the-shelf delis ery.

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A pallet or similar handling device was needed to i

reiluce loading and handling time ar.d to provide

6. Allowab,le gross weight (J 41,800 pounds closely adequate anchorage of the crates or drums within thn matche.* tl.c capacity of the ATTlX car (when using Several tentative pallet designs were evaluated, 2 cantainers).

car.

each with some merit, but all relatively enmplex and expensive.

The use of standard cargo containers reduces the I

Concurrent with the design effort, a search was made useful shipping volume. For example: up to 216 within the transportation industry to find what 55-pallon drums could be inaded directly into the approaches were being made on similar problems. The ATilX car fin two tiers) as opposed to 132 when using wide spread use of the intermodal van-containers or standard cargo cor. tainers. The resulting iner ase demountable cargo-containers, and the industry-wide in unit transpartation cost is rnorc than offset by the effort to standardize these containers and support sasings in labor necded to load and block indicidual t

Figure 1. Overall siew of.\\TM.N-600 Series liailcar.

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as a re ult of t he ral'iil tin n.u oinal ti3He p"'dd'IC-Cap:tal. mil.n f.:e se; port e pipn:c.nt was approximately Sat'. a.ia : purt i.a.,s a q.rc i i. r. Other equirm-nt A non-tandard var.. i..mt m:a i.h -ig ned t o pret i-cls

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-im a-fit the as ailable s pat e w it!on t!n- \\Ul\\ car could citl i r o, ' a:n! r 4taired fr, pn ernrnent surplus.

hol.1 up t.> C3 5~. gallon ih uin.,, or l'6 per i ar. T!ie higher c ost..I buil.line ihr-e -pe. ial c..niaincts a nd Till I h t.:; !!! \\!i MIS - ! l e-t ed tr.: rte..r tr.. ers the int rea,ed tart.up nae prn lu. led t hin a; p oac h.

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l'OllK 1.ll T '1111 UK.. - l'nipl3 cargo c..ntainers m.n he c..ns enientl nnn e.1 t o a I..adine

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force resulting Ironi the use of a sling). 3 sariety of g!

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s *,*,j manuJl, semi-autum.itit, and automatic Spie.nler framCh

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i are on the market.

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t,...,,,,..t t..ni.r ncr cornce es-iin, and m ing the frame into position over the container (l'ignie 31

.p...ri. r-t ur,. r - e cn. r..o -prea.'er.

A lever operated cither from the ground or from the container roni causes quarter-t urn f.i.<teners (1 i,:uie O to simultaneously engage all four corners.

I11'I.11 \\ l ION - \\T 11110hY I 1.\\T.i 1.oa. ling llrum-Into fontaincr*:

Carg.....ntainci. are loa led in a condance w ith A AR ond \\ational largo llureau recomrae,dations, l'a c h I'igure 3.

llectangular sprc=Jer frame 1,eing mated io carp, tier.f.hnn.3 t-leanded with two l' -inch Steel bands con tainer.

to pe.n ble a floatin;t load. Three 6 6 ti:.ar:rs are weil::al betw een the.lrum. an.] the cos. tai:ter frame to Lecp p c--m e..If t he t ontainer doors. il.alb...rdis

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fitting i,coprene ga-Leta anil the douts are 3 cured by

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TI.Ij hi are alw. 3.- I...ded int, ti.e XI \\l\\ t ar w ith their door I a;;t end, t. oai.1 the i e:.ter.

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l.na.fing fontainer-into.\\ l \\l\\ Lars:

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3 iter rem.o ing the thr c ' airh cns ers (ficure M.

'k tha c..ntaiarr may './ lowered into the ear. Guide t;

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'I hrs. Icd c.Igr-on the t a-t steel, caract-scet.rir; Lea-L

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i This sapid tmn.u.iaad is pw.it.le I y having a net <.i loade.1 c mt.ncr. rea4 to re3 ace the en pty con-d j

tainers on th. r..ik aa.

t he replaecment is complete.1

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.inute, and the remaining time i

3. pent in handlin t'- r....f t.co t ion s, be fore-u,c-insper t i..n..f I

the car, an.1 te-po,itioning the cr ane.

.g llecause the top of the railcar is fully open during loading, San.!ia C..rpet at ion re. omo.. n.ls that a t os ere.1 sheil be pr. nile.1 for these opcrations. No suitable facility esi3:s at llocky I'lats, therefore operations

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l-Anix-cco serie, car, were designed and built for t

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an I e spl%ise ordinance..The design criteiis called

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for "... fl.* r."c.ti :nrir practical structural and fire I'

resistant qualities for presenting or mitigatirg daraage g

to the conte:.ts being shipped in the event of a train

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wrect,"' lh using a heavy, cast-steel underframe

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and strong superstructure, including cross-bracing of i.

the sides, t.e car can structurally withstand raajor I

t catastrophi. s.

'f Securing the container to the car is quietly accom.

plished by e ngaging a locking pin (l'igure -) in each They are all-steel, fully-enclosed, and incorporate r

("rner fitting.

,y,,7,ractical safety device. These include roller L

4 bearings, stock absorbing draft gear, interlocking Loading Waste Drums (or Craics) Directly into llailcar:

co,pt,,, (,, p,,,,,,,nco,p;;ng in a derailment), and r

3 locking-type center pins on the trucks (to prever.t DOT Special Permit 5913 allou the loading of drnms loss of the trucks under any circumstance).

(or crates) directly into the AT\\l\\ car prusiding that 3

certain modification (see De-sri stion af liails ar) r, i

have been accomplished. Although not sery efficient.

Some useful railcar specifications are:

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.it does allow shipping drums when a enrpo container is not.n ailable. Os ersised crates up to 8 feet-9 Overall ilirnens ions inches square by 22-feet long can also be shipped

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by this method.

Length os er en't sills

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uidth o.cr frame 10 feet, 0 inches i

Shipping Esiwrienec:

lleightof,pofeae 13 feet,10 inches

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t from rail The first two AT\\l\\-600 car, were loaded with waste and Shipped du.ia.: IIas 1000 Nih e that time, the

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car, bas e 1-:ca operatin g he t w < rn II"e k s l#lats, l'.ahle luside lii ann, ions Colorado, an.1 Trs o, Idaho, on a regular schedule, and without any unf.n nralde insident. Of particular note i.cn gt h 50 feet, O inche I

is the case of 1..ading and unt..ading, and the -h.a t E i.h h 9 feet,1 inche,,

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liciyht 9 feet,2 inches

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(, i... a* a inther car) to le deflected ov r th. roof.

Altonable weight at rail 220.000 pounits I1. r hinuitu-linal enhar* c on*i~t of Iwo 6 3','

7 light weigl.t 118,700 pounds

-i. h a a,:;en an.1 a x ',-inch plate O i.:are 9).

Capacit, 101,300 p.mnds

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e. tion o r. 2...: (. nt. r. N.h. skin ia '4 isu h plat - rein-l Con iruction:

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la.n. Uti.ni, the i,si.l...a t t i, co.er. d by ' i.-inch UNI)ElWir A'tE - The stron;:nt available un lerframe p l.. t. :. a h iul t..I 6-f" t-w.

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.. anc-piece steel ca. ting normally used on pulp wood car., (where the frame constitutes N.!.,.m tra.J by two massive center supports which the sole structuial member). llettangular openings in the casting arc.filleil in by wclded steel plates to rnay L.: located anywhere within the center t',ird of the These are intended primarily to prevent the sides

, produce a continuous floor. Tapped holes of 1 inch car.

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dianieter are trovided at 9-inch intersals alnng the frem h.:cklire during a roll-over.

length of the car to secure cargo mounts or other g;t,;,g,,

CLOSEf!E - A 2-x 3-foot personnel access port is located in one end of the car. The door is enn.true.

SUPEllSTllCCTURE - Car strength is equally teil.i '; in h plate anil both the doo an.1 the door divided between the frame and superstructure. A frar.c.ne reinforced with 3 x 3 x ';-inch ang!c. A hea,vily reinforced sloping end is a major design 1 inch steel draw-hole and hasp is used to lock the feature. Tlie light gage top corner (1'igure 8) will shent the p...

I Figure ? Engaging toeling p.n in r ont.ainer liottom entner casting.

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UNDERFRA?.!E Figure j Inic,mr of railcar and myor atsu.-tural virrnents.

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,.c et ion, or hatt br-may be ren.u rd a 20-f..o; 4..>

..,, y i,,;,.c o. c reqnis, d

.a -. iv.t !!oor maants :a re-train the i..n.

'"..,,vid. an oi e ning N-fr. t in lengt h. 't he-c (in er dwN m anticipaird accident comlition.

tainc,-

n tiurred of 6 I

',-im h an ufr w it h i ro (Cmni '* -1 n it'n at ion,.n r gis en on Ibw Ilrawing eniher, of 6 ini h t hann.1 -p.n cd on 2. foot cent er=.

Ikih inner an.1 outer skin i-lit-gauge (0.1% insh) l'123 3 U phrct.

Il U !' d ' ' '

'""U **D' ' """tr'is t d. ming four lengths f.u.h c os er acution h.i. 22 bay onct-ts pe lup4 !!iat "I U i"O "' ' # ""1 c h in nel: thrc. heing welded

,n. age in corre3pondine s ec tane.ilar n..tt hew in the 4 P t f"rm, and the foart'n w a rat l'9rther 1. -

< ar (Ilip.re 5)..\\ t..ntinuou, stoling bar w ith similar in inn. mti,e (!aa.:. 4 O'ico.e 11).

a..t she. r uns dow n o at h.s ole..f the car. 'the-c bars mose 1 inch to engage the roof Ings. hement af the Samiard c"rnri--tcuriag fittin,:s of east steel slide is effected by a wrew and loch nut mechanism "c'c "cided to il e platform to provide side and en.1 (Figure 10) tot ated on i,oth ends of the hars. Security restiaint f-r the load. A steel laching pin 1.1 inches is provided by a dead-bolt to prevent elide mosement in diameter prasi.lr* t'nn necessary scrti6al restraint.

fron the closed position. This Lof t i an only be

'll'is basic.u -te n is uaed world wide for normal rail, removed by the con.bined e ffort of t.so persons; one road, or era imneiaent; how ser. ia nu application inside and one outside the car.

additin,a! fun. ami aft restraint was necessary because of the -erre end-loading po-4ible in a r coad at.ci.

Wiifications of the.\\'I\\l.\\.600 Itailcar for Use with 4""t 'it d"ti"n. Cro, ;uyieg the top coracr3 ni the Cargo Containers:

container..a, ennsidered and then discarded as being FLOO11 \\!OUNTS F01: DD!alNI.\\l!!.E CONT \\lNF.R -

ton time son,ur.ing for contine operation *. lastead,a

'llic center supports are Incated near the mi.hlle of 2 inch I int h steel -tud was provided to engage the botto:n u: taut on the c.intainer c orner fitting.. Thus, the car and Ionn two bays; both of a hich will receis e ien..f ft..or ni..unt -howing entner.*ecuring co-tin g. '.. L.ng g.:n, and wuring -tud.

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D in event of end-imp.itt ii.e front tr.rner 4 ofthe ron-i.

tainer.tre rentraissed Is) the a orner filling: and -tud8, a

nnd the rear corner-hv the In ls.

l'hr f..rr e, in t m n.

is Larried to the car fr.inar by is, an..in;h dia:t: -ter, high-strt ti.;t h bolts oa c.6t h annunt.

l 1 {

The impac t i<trength.f the floor m..n ni-cu red, that 1

g of the c..niainer to e n-m e po-itis c re-iraini.mder i

4 nny (irrinitslant e.

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fitted between the three mounting b. cation of the

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cent er nuppoit.,. 'lhin mo.hfic ation p.mait three times the original fore and aft lo.. 'mg on a center 7

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support by distributing the load ner a inuch grenter b I area of the car sides and floor.

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.,.,,.y...,.'N-PLYE000 Fl.00ll - Two layers of one-inch ph w o.ul I

., f N,u,%.

hase been f.itted into the car floor for thern.al pint-t-

"d'm tion. This insula: inn (as well as the ear:ro c..niainer

' ~ -..,

and surrounding air gap) presides an added measn e 3.,

of ufety which the engineering evaluation (\\ppenilis

, "..... %.._ f '

IV) did nc.t include.

CON \\ ENIENCE EQUIPMENT - 1.a.hler:. (locatc !

Ii'""'32-

%"id8 '"#9 "'" '" 8 '1 "' "" "' P"' ' i ' -

between the center supports) are prusided on both I.i-ur.

1:1

.l enh. r rein forcement for rnicar en.l-t., ;.ermit sides of the car. 'lhese roude read) accen to t! e center four corner-securing fittings and lock pin.

lo.ohng so.n cont.unerv.ed cergu.

On. plywood i.anel he been remuscJ to show con +truction.

The sis guide rails of timber. ;n each ba3. are optional.

and are intended only to atd in centering the c ontainer s.3.,.

during loading operations.

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when the center supports w ere mosed. Adjustable (4

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j post jacts (Figure 12) are used to obtain optimum yq

[,. lD., y spacing for proper fit between the enr and the three

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I sections of the roof.

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Loading %aste Drums (or Cratcs) Directly into llailcar:

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Before drums or crates can be loaded directly into the t

ear. the following modifications must he made:

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(1) reinfurce the car ends (Figur 13) an.1 center lj

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, { ; J, supports (Figure 14) with 6 x 8 inch timbers, (2) face h

lh'.

the rnen bers with one-inch plywood. (3) in-tall a ply-3 i

wood deck, and (4) provide suitable blockinc for the lead (Figure 15). Dow draw ing Pl31 gis es the

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details of these required.rrdifications.

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Approsimately 216 55.gallvi. dium, can be loaded into the car in this manner as opposed to 112 when t

using cargo den.oontable containers. The labor i

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ne eded to loa i. and blot ( indisi.Inal.h um-or i rate.

4 and the lont: t ur n-arnund t in e w hi. h i-re.piired. pic-i clude this mtth.,d of shipping cwept in unu-oa!

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On e pl % n. l -ec t ion h a-g.. y;er IXi.

1-(.

.- -1 11 st e I.!r um, t..th a..>.in il containcrucil c arp..

3

.it 1.cen tren.n ed.

poly etin !s -

lie..r may 1 c use.1 ta *. hip the :nattrials dc<tril

.! I el..w :

1.IN1: t.! '.i;!! \\ l1:l; %.bTi: - 1.ine gen. rated waste c on-i-t -. : i.cta',w. ni, and. ibritstrage d.is-w ar.;

SI"'li"P and lab..r :..n c.;u.ptnent ; too!. crapi.ite mobl an.1 other 5 r. !:.sti..a s rap - in abort, all 3.. lid or granular Exterior narkin"- (Figure "). incln.le, l'Oll 11 \\l110-m.nierial t akein fi orii !!nr plutoniulut'ryh., - v st e.n.

ACTIV F M VI Elll AI.S I ' E ONI 1. l'O l' 51' 918. and Bhere i...--ihle. line gen u ated wa+tc is s u..:ne.1 by a hinged sign reading I'IMll 1. !! illlO \\CIl\\ F

, o t u..... In.a id-leat h. Ile:aaiain : plutoaimn

.\\l\\TElli \\t. on one side and I \\ll'1) on t he other.

and..r an. iit inm :.urface c..ntamination is there fore well fisc i.

Sheet. metal hol.ler, on t he e nds. aid i.!cs of the car are intended t o Ji-play the 1: \\.Nf. Ell 01'S - IITill0-Ii110( l.-- a b.I.r

,. rot es-w a 3t e c..n i-t s of oi,4, ACTI\\ E \\l.Vil:lllTl plas u !-

.lu.l.:e. ca-c. and neutrali<ed at i.!> hardened

.a a soli !..r -t esi-,.,liil siare u-in: l'. rt' od c ement or othe r :i: i le mater ial. I'lut.ni..a 1.a-1.eca erm.w e !

in th< es t. :t c,...n..mit a t h f< a,ible. 'll.c materia! i, AUTiloill/.I:ll l' \\ t: K Wl:.'

then ;re:

ta:. I an.i.irit d pen.: t. p.n kaeing.

AEC Appr.n al \\l..l19 f \\ppendis 11 a n.1 11GT ' ;.ci i il c,,,,,.

Permit 3913 (\\pp<ndis !!) authon<r, The 1)ow Chenntal Con. pans to -hip fi-wi!r a n d 1.nur.iu m t i t t e-r,,,. r..,,

,,.. g.,;. 7 e n, t,.. i.. ;,

.a. no at u.i p-of raJioactise material-in V! \\l\\-W ' m o - r..ih ar.

,,;,n!,,.,nd.h h..s.- and Ii;tr.a-3

,,,,t..,.,

A; prosed packaging man rial-a;ol coatent

.ne a-1; nc.g.s,,,,i,,,, g e ( cc deu.ipii..n.d..nri t.

DO I ;, ifi. it i.a follow s:

I ir e

. Ir.. u L..c..1 in.h n :.

Il P00R OlGINAL

"" m

Bl#P-1411 t

i 19A or 1911 ply w o..d. rates,..r their ciguiulent, may

'Ihu nuclear safety eialuation (Appendis !!D sh.wvs k

be used provided they are lincil with polyethylene that the A i \\l.\\-600 raihar with content as described

{

sheet of a least :1-mil thii kness.

meet, the impiirement i for l'issile Class I shipments.

Since DOT-19A and -1911 provi.le for relatisely low (l.hcr I.imitatien.:

gross weights (100 and 150 poun 1,, re4pectively) th.w 4

uses a non-specification c rate of etiuivalent construc-T., i resent heat buihl-up, thermal decay energy is

{

tion and material.iuality. The. malic,t L.n use.1 is insirit te I ta tw. -watt-per drum - a figure high enough i

13 x 13 x St inches. Construction is of '.-inch ;.1 -

t > teser all < aue shippnl fron Rocky I lat.. Grk 3

wo..d with I x 'l-iniii c icats ami 2,

-irich skid i.

at Lumi I ab <atories nn the 5d';0 contyner shows i

When loads esceed 3000 pi unds, 6-x 6-inch or that higher !ctels of energy could he permitted;

{

heavier skids, and a 1-inch plywood floor are used.

howeser, a revision to Special Pern.it 59 L3 would be g

necessary before the two-watt limit could be exceeded.

(i' All crates are banded in at least 4 places using i

l'/-inch steel straps.

gg.;; g.;gg3.gg 3

1. II. D. iladding, Jr. and R. E. Vallee Testing of Nuclear Safety:

Disp sable Containers for Dry Radioactive Ba.te,

.llousanto !!csearch Corporation, \\louad Laboratory, Nuclear Safety for drummed waste is contrniled by July I,1968, limiting fissile material to 100 grams in 30 gallon drums and to 200 grams in drums of 55 gallon capacity

2. S. C. Pearsall, S. Ljeski, L. Cemmel, Design and or larger. In addition, graphite must be limited to Testing of a Shipping Container for Large Quantities 200-pounds per drum.

I Ha act e aste, as published in the Pro-eeedings of the Secor.d Interr.ational Sympasium r.n Packaging and Transportation of Ra linactive Waste packaged in crates is restrictcil to 5 grams of Tlaterials, CONI' 681001, Octo!rr 1963, p 621-635.

fissile rnaterial in any cubic foot. Eith this limitation, the material is considered as non-fissile under the

3. I'. A. Kune, Le Story of the Special Ra!! cars, AEC and DOT regulatioas.

Sandia Corp., ration, Augu3t 30,1963.

O 4.'

IIFI)-I t i1 i

gpl.ndis!

l-

. p 8

s APPENDIN I AEC CEllTIFIC.\\ TION OF APP 110V Al. F0h Fl55!!.E-l. AllGE Ql'ANTITY 5111PPING CONTAINEl:S i

}

HFP-1411 I

A pendix 1 l

g

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CERTIFI CATION CF APPROVAL FOR FISSIL E-LD'.E C'JANTITV I

SHIPP it;G CONTA!MERS AL0000ER01E OPEPATI Z5 SFFICE. USAEC Rev. 8-18-69

~

l.

ALO Contractor.

II.

The Dow Chemical Cunpany

! dent i #ic.,t i n of Shinoina Container.

Rocky Flats Division ATHX-000 Series Pailcar

(

Post Officc Box 68d Serial 16. ATHX-600 thru -614

?

Golden, Colorado 80401 i

ALO Cesignatio,: AL 23

Contact:

Engr. - Frank E. Adcock

CT Special Permi

: 5948 Traffic - W. F. Romine lit.

General information Concernino Container.

A.

Packaging shall consist of an ATHX-609 Series railcar loaded with drums o I

crates as described belcm.

r 9'-2" beight, and 50'-0" length.Inside dime.sions of th-car are 9'-4" width, useful lead is 101,000 pounds.

B.

Authorized contents shall consist of non-radioactive material contami with radioactive materials that f

nated readily dispersible.

are in a form such that they are not Process waste (hardened oils, waste (plastic, glass, ceramics, metals, etc.) shall be packaged insludge r

ICC-17C or -17H or equivalent steel dru.s of at least 30-gallon capacity.

Machinery, process apparatus, and other large shall be packaged in nailed, glued cnd banded crates. items of plant equipment Minimum crate construction shall be 3/4" plywood with 1"x3" cleats and 2"x4" skids i

C.

Fissile Class I restrictions are met: shipments are authorized provided the follcwing Drums:

C.aphite shall be limited to 200-counds and thermal decay energy to 2-watts per drua.

Fissile material shall be limited to 100-grams for 30-gallon and 200-grams for 55-gallon drums Crates:

Fissile material shall be limi ted to 5-grams in any cubic foot.

IV.

Specific Limitatiens and Restrictions.

l Requirements of DOT regulations, paragraph 17k.S$9 observed.

for placarded cars to be V.

Additional information.

None.

VI.

Certification of Anoroval.

Pursuant to Chapter AEC 0529, this container is approved subject to th i

described above.

This certification does not e limitations other Federal Regulations as appropriate.sibility to obtain 007 Special Per i

i

?

e Date:

0/

fff& )

f) 4/

Certirication'Orficial Albuquerque Operations U. S. Atomic Energy Corraission

'i' 16 j,

• l i

ilFl>-l lli

.'/

.q,;,endix 11 i

t APPENDIX 11 DEPART \\1ENT OF TRAS.;P;)nTATION SPECIAL PERMIT NO. 5918 t

i P00ROR8 MAL 1109 1/.4

'l i

I 5

Apin:ndix 11 k

i nFp.1411 t

l

1. A

/

Nb DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION HAZARDOUS h "ERIALS RIGULATIONS BOARD

{p

\\

w wo ren. o.. mo ef tb 4 SPECIAL PERMIT NO. 5948 I

I I

I This special permit is issued pursuant to 49 CFR 170.13 os the Department of Transportation (DOT) Hazardous Materials Regulations, as amended, and on the basis of the December 23, 1968, petition by the Dow Chemical Company, Golden, I

Colorado, as amended January 30, 1969, February 5, 1969, l

and March 13, 1969 1.

The DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY is hereby authorized to ship fissile and large quantities of radicactive materials, n.o.s.

in accordance with the provisions of the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission (USAEC), Albuquerque Operations Office, approval dated December 20, 1968, as amended March 11, 1969, and as further provided for herein.

This permit is issued only to authorize the shipment of large quantities of normal form radioactive waste materials conbaining fissile material, in packaging which does not completely conform to the require-ments cc $173.398(c).

2.

The authorized packaging consists of either DOT Specifi-cation 17C or 17H, or equivalent, steel drums, or wooden crates (DOT Specification 19A or 193, drum or crate must be lined with 5-nil or $cuivalent).

or e Each

-mil polyethylene respectively.

These packages, with the contents authorized herein are authorized for shipment caly in a specially modi-fled ATMX Series 600 rail car.

The methods of loading, shoring, and positioning of the packages within the rail car must be in conformance with the procedures as cutlined in Dow Chemical Company's report No. 2257-68-PE, as revised January 28, 1969 and March 7, 1969 These procedures generally involve the following:

Drums - Drums are loaded in USA 3I MH 5.1 standard group I demountable -cargo containers (8' by 8' by 20').

Two such containers are placed in the rail The end doors, of each c ntainer with four car.

double-action door locks, are tositioned towardt the center of the rail car.

Each container is tied by cross-corner guys to the rail car frame.

Crates - Crates are loaded in a similiar cargo con;ainer, except that the sides and top are open.

Crates will be blocked, as necessary, within the container frame using timbers or inflatable dunnage.

P00R Dm u09 us

HFP-1 til

,,Weydix !!

Continuation of SP 5946 Page 2 When cargo containers are unavailable, or the size of crates precludes their usage, the modified loading procedures for a "three-bay" configuration as described on Page 10A (Secticn VC) of Report No. 2257-68PE may be ured.

These procedures include repositioning of the car center cupports to form bays of the rec,ui. red lengsh, reinforcen.2ns of the car ends and center supports, facing of the end members and sides of the supports plus the load with 1" plywood cheets, and removal of all " play" by blocking and shoring uith timb "s and inflatable dunnage as required, plus fastening cf large ems to the floor mounts.

3 The authorized contents of each package consists of large quantities of normal form plutonium-239, -240, -241,and/or americium-241, or mixtures of the foregoing; in the form of

. radioactive wastes.

The radioactive ccntents of each package, which must te in a form that is not readily dispersible, are further described and limited as follows:

Drums - not more than 100 grams (for drums of a.less than 55 gallon site) or 200 grams (for 55 gallon or larger size) of fissile material per drum, with a maximum thermal decay energy of 2 eatts per drum contents and not more than 200 pct.is of graphite per drum.

The contents consist of eitnerixcocess westes or line-generated wastes which are further described as follows:

Process Wastes - greases or sludges, hardened with " oil-dry" or cement.

In the -grease, americium and plutonium are present as fine solids of metal or oxide, or disselved in organic matter an average concentration of 5 X 10 -10 g/g or 1.62 X 10 -9 ci/g for the americium and 2 X 10 -6 ci/g for the plutonium.

In the sludgea, americiur and plutonium exist as the hydroxide, at an average concentration of 1.07 X 10 -5 g/g or 3.48 X 10 -5 ci/g for the americium and 4.71 X 10 -5 g/g or 3.53 X 10 -5 ci/g for the plutonium.

Line-Generated Waste - includes graphite molds, filter slucgs insulation, glass, washables, combustibles, metals, and miscellaneous residues with plutonium discard limits ranging frca 7 X 10 -3 g/g to 3 X 10 -4 g/g.

PER BRGM 1109 176

{

.R FP-1411

.\\ppen<lix 11 j

\\

1 Continuation of SP 59/18 Page 3 l

b.

Crates - The contents ara clutline to the line l

generated wastes described -bcVe, except that the size or bulkiness of the..ema preclucies the use of drums.

This would include such iteus as pipe, lumber, equipment, hoods, lathes, 2;c.

The fissile material content of each crate shall not exceed 5 srams per cubic foot.

4.

The authorized packaging meets the requirements for shipment as Fissile Class I.

The transport index must be assigned based on external radiation leNels.

Crates, 30-gallon and 55-gallon drums, with the contents as set forth above, may be intermixed in any manner within the ATMX-6CO rail car.

5.

Prior to each shipment authorized _by this permit, the shipper

{

shall notify the consignee of the dates of shipment and expected arrival.

The shipper shall nctify each consignee of any special loading / unloading instructions prior to his first shipment.

6.

The outside of each rail car.ust be plainly and durably marked " DOT SP 594S", in connection with and in addition to the other markings and labels prescribed by the DOT regulations.

Each shipping paper issued in ccanection with shipments made under this permit must bear the notation " DOT SPECIAL PERMIT NO.

5948", in connection with the ccmmodity description thereon.

7.

Shipments are authorized only by rail, in modified ATMX Series 600 Rail Cars which have been assigned for the sole use of the consignor, with instructions to that effect issued with the shipping papers.

j i

8.

The shipper is required to furnish an experience reps.

this Board before expiration of the permit and when any amendment is requested.

This report must include the approximate number of packages shipped, and the number of packages involved in any loss of contents.

9 Any incident involving loss of contents of the package must be promptly reported to this Board at the earliest feasible moment following the incident.

10. This permit does not relieve the shipper or carrier frca compliance with any requirement of the DOT regulations, except as specifically provided for herein.

11. This permit expirca March 31, 1971.

1109 177 bbk bNh[d

~

l i

A;,p:mlis ll Ill7P.1411 1

I Continuation of 5948 Page 4 Issued at 'dashington, D.C.:

ie,,k ( N / $

hn s/ El/fd,7 3

Mac E. Ro;:;ers ~

/

1. g

/ (Dace) /

For the Administ andr f

Federal Railroad Administration 1

i t

Address all inquiries to:

Secretary, Hazardous Materials 1

Regulations Board, U.S. Department of Transportation,

[,

Washington, D.C. 20590.

Attention:

Special Permits.

r 4

Dist:

a, e, h, i

- i i

100R ORGM

'1 1109 178

. ItFI)- 1411 Appen.lix 11

/ 'f'" s.,

i

[

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION H AZAllDOUS M ATEnt ALS RcGU:.ATioNS DOARD k#

,Y W AM fir 4f. TON,11.C.. ? se)

'(

/

884## g d REVISED SPECIAL PERIIT ro. 5948 Pursuant to 49 CFR 170.15 cf the Depart ent or Transportation (DOT) Hazardous Materiala Regulatten; ar, amended, and on tha basis of the June 4, 1969, petition by the Monsanto Research Corporation (Mound Laboratory), Miamisburg, Ohio and the June 18, 1969 approval by the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission (USAEC)

Albuquerque, New Mexico:

Special Permit No. 5948 is hereby amended by revising para-graphs (1), (2), and (3) as follows:

"1.

The EOW CHEMICAL COMPANY and the MONSANTO RESEARCH CORPORATION, are hereby authorized to ship fissile and large quantities of' radioactive materials, n.o.s. in accordance 'ith the pro-visions of the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission (USAEC), Albuquerque Operations Office, approval dated December 20, 1968, as amended March 11, 1969, and as further provided for hercin.

This permit is issued only to authorize the shipm-.it of large quantities of normal form radioactive waste materials containing fissile material, in packaging which does not ccmp(letely conform to the requirements of $173 398 c).

"2.

The packaging authorized by this permit consists of either DOT Specification 17C or 1711, or equi valent, steel drums, wooden crates (DCT Specification 19A or 193, or equivalent),

or wooden crates which meet the requirements for the Specification 7A general packaging.

Each drum or crate must be lined with 5-mil or 8-mil polyethylene respectively.

These packages, with the contents authorized herein are authorized for shipment only in a specially modified ATMX Series 600 rail car.

The methods of loading, shoring, and positioning of the packages within the rail car must be in conformance with the procedures as outlinad in Dow Chemical Cemaant's Recort No.

2257-68-PE, as revised Januaiy 28, 19'69 and March 7, 1969 These procedures generally involve the following:

f g

1109 179

~

Appendib 11 IlFI'- 141 l Continuation of Rev SP 5948 Page 2 Drums - Drums are loaded in USASI tC! 5.1 standsrd group I denountabic cargo cen-tainers (8' by 8' by 20' ).

Two such con-tainers are placed in the rail car.

The end doors, of each container.:ith four double-action door locks, tre positioned towards the center of the rail car.

Each container is tied by cross-corner guys to the rail car frame.

Crates. - Crates are loaded in a similiar cargo container, e7. cept th2t the sides and top are open.

Crates will be blocked, as necessary, within the container frame using timbers or inflatable dunnage.

When cargo containers are unavailable, or the size of crates pre-cludes their usage, the modified loading procedures for a "three-bay" configuration as described on Page 10A (Section VC) of Report No. 2237-6SPE may be used.

These procedures include repositioning of the car center supports to form bays of the required length, reinforcement of.the car ends and center i

supports, facing of the end members and sides of the supports plus the load with 1" plywood sheets, cnd removal of all " play" by blocking and shoring with' timbers and inflatable dunnage as required, plus fastening of large items to the floor mounts.

"3 The centents of each package authorized by this permit consists of radioactice and/or fissile radioactive material n.o.s.,

in the form of waste materials, in amounts up to and including large quantities.

The radicactive and fissile contents

)

of each package, which must be in a form that is i

not readily dispersible, are further described and limited as follcus:

l a.

Drums - not more than 100 grams (for drums of less than 55 gallon size) or 200 grams (for 55 callen or. larger size) of fissile material per drum, with a maximum thermal decay energy of 2 :: acts per drum contents and not more than 2C0 pounds of graphite per drum.

The centents consist of either process wastes or line-generated wastes which are further described as follows:

P00RORSNA u09 mo

t

\\

l RFP-l ill Appendix il t,

l-

\\

Continuation cf Hov SP 5948 Page 3 i

~

)

1

\\

Process Uastes - Gropses or 33ud ea, 3

harden 2FWcTF" oil " or cemnt.

1 In the grecoe, amar~2 W,un1 pluton-

.}

ium arc present as f '. m solid: of metal or oxide, or d.Jaalved in

)

organic matter an a*/orn:o concentra-i t ion o f 5 x 2 0 -10 c,

',e ne2.62 X In 1

-9 ci/g for the americium and 2 X 10 1

-6 ci/G for the plutenium.

In the i

sludges, americium and plutonium exist i

as the hydroxidt, at an average concentra-tion of 1.07 X 10 -5 g/g or 3.48 x lo -5 ci g for the americium and 4.71 X lo -5 g 8 or 3.53 X 10 -5 ci/g for the plutonium.

Line-Generated Waste - includes graphite molds, filser slucgi, insulation, glass, washables, combustibles, metals, and miscellaneous residues with plutonium dis-card limits ran 3 X 10 -4 g/s. ging from 7 X lo -3 g/8 to b.

Crates - The contents are similiar to the line generated wastes described above, except t. Tat the size or bulkiness of the items precludes the use of drums.

This would include such. items as pipe, lumber, equipment, hoods, lathes, etc.

The fissile material content of each crate shall not exceed 5 grams per cubic foot.

All'other terms of the permit remain unchanged.

The complete permit currently in effect consists of the' original issue and this revision.

Issued at Washington, D.C.:

(

AUG e msg

.x h, L~. c. <..,

Mac E. Rogers.,

(Date)

For the Admin'istrator Federal 1,ailroad Administration Address all inquiries to:

Secretary, Hazardous Materials Regulations Boa rd, U.S. Depa rtment of Transportation, Washington, D.C. 20590.

Attention:

Special Permits.

Dist:

a,c,h, i

The Dow Chemical Company, Golden, Colorado U. S. Atomic Energy Commission, Albuquerque, N.M.

1 110.9 181 b pg6hb

IlFP-1111

.w3,cndis Ig

9....h, f

DEPARTMENT OF TRAN5i:072 TAT!ON

//

h 'j \\.g l'

HAZARDOUS MATERI ALS REGULATIolIS DOARD

1. }J wAssincTON. D.C.

WN SECOND REVISED S?ECIAL PE!C4IT NO. 5943 Pursuant to 49 CFR 170.15 of the Department of Transportation (DOT) Hazardous Materials Regulations, as amended, and on the basis of the August 13, 1969, petition by the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission (USAEC), Albuquerque, New Me:<ico:

Special Permit No. 5948 is hereby amended by adding the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission (USAEC) to paragraph 1 as an authorized shipper under the ter..s of the permit.

Each

,USAEC Operations Office which acts as a shipper under this permit shall register its identity uith this Board prior to its first shipment, and shall have a copy of this permit in its possession before making any shipment.

All other terms of this permit as revised remain unchanged.

The complete parmit currently in effect consists of the original issue and the first and second revisions.

Issued at Washington, D.C.:

000 2 9 BS3

-~'

c c 't

,c 41ac E. l'.ogers (Date)

For the Administrator Federal Railroad Administration Address all inquiries to:

Secretary, Hazardous Materials Regulations Board, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C.

20590.

Attention:

Special Permits.

8 Dist:

a, e, h, i Monsanto Research Corporation, Miamtsburg, Ohio The Dow Chemical Company, Colden, Colorado P00R ORWL no m

Appenii.n til IlFP-lill Al'I'I'.NIllN ll!

NI!CI.l:All 8 \\FETY EVAL.I'ATION AT'.1\\ Mill si:llIES li \\ll.C \\ll

i. D. IlcCarth

\\ larch 1%0 A. IN'lliolli CTION 3

I' i " ' I' "'"' " "" I ' "

The following criticality evaluation i to determine the A masimam of 100 g of 2"Pu mixed with a.

nuclear safety of the AT11X-600 Series IIailcar for use nonradioactise material (;;raphite, paper, in' shipping drums of non-radioactive material contami-plastic, etc.) in the ICC-17H 30 gallon drum.

nated with radioactive material andior The nuclear safety considerations for Class I ship-i

b. A masimum of 200 of '"Pu mixed with ments of f.issile material is specified.in the Append.u e

l "act

'adt" al(StaPhite, paper, to AEC Chapter 0529.

plastic, etc.) in the ICC-171l o.wgadon drum.

U. DATA i

C. CLASS I 51111'.\\iENT5

l. Outer structure is an AT11L600 railcar. I' sable inner dimensions are:

ysis for Normal Shipment Length - 50 feet 0 inches A" "P'I Width -- 9 feet 4 inches

a. Optimum moderation

!!cight - 9 feet 2 inches

b. Array is fully reflected c.. Drunri are undamaEed

d. In the calculations, the material is con-

2. Inside containers are:

sidered to be uniformly di.tributed throug'n the drums.

A specification ICC-171130 gallon container a.

(Steel Shipping Container Institute..!meri-The requirements for Class I shipments are can Standard Specifica: ions for 'letal Drum, "P'*f '0 I" 0"'

• PP*"

"Y'" " '

I" '

' """ I ' i ' ' ' h * ' 9" I' * * *"' S

• i,' I h

• T American Standards Institute, New York, 1960) hasing tae foil.m ing dimensions:

"PP.Hed in the inner ICC-171130 gallon and 'or ICL-1711 aa. gallon enntainers with the re>trie-i 11inimum inner Jiameter - 18.187 inches tion that these containcts are placed in the

.\\TilN-600 series railcar.

Minimum inner height

- 27.219 inches 11inimum thickness

- 0.0128 inches One of the requiremcats for Class [ shipments is that any number of enntainers is subcritical, and/or under normal conditions, in any arrangemen:

b. A specification ICC-17115>galinn con-with optimum moderation.

tainer (Stect Shipping Cantainer Institute, Inicrpreting the phrase,,any arrangemera..

to i

Spec s.[s.ca: ions for ;letal Urums ana, I,au.,s,

,, ny arrangement under normal com,.t-mean a -

American brandards institute. New i.ork,

t. inns, this requirement is met. The f,!% -

1965) hasing the follow mg dimensions:

-ine evaluation s how s that an inf..inite noe t cr of the<c ICC-17113%allon andJcr ICC-171! J-Mininunn inner.lian.cter - 22. il! im hes gallon co itainers are sub-critical w hen pas iap:d

\\linimum inner height

- 32.710 inc hes in an infinite planar array of ATMX 600 xr.c, Minimum thic km.n

- 0.0123 int Les railtar3 27 P00R ORB M mm

I t

\\

.i;yp t ;i t Appeinlix Ill t

i From previou,11TI'-il calculations that w ere 10C-1711 30 gallon container:*

done for the 'dodel 35 JO Container (RFI) Con-toiner !Iodel.i.7/iu. The IL.w Chemical Company,

'Jaterial: 100 g 2"Pu and 200 ;.ouiab, i

llocky Flats Ib ision, Gol.len, Colorado,1963),

graphit e

{

it w as.!ctermined that the most reactive conCgu-lil: 13.18 in d es

'g ration in an ICC lTil 53 gallon container is Gap: 0.629 int bcs 200 g '"l'u n.is ed wit h p aphite. \\ limit of

'.\\ a !! i h ic k ne s,: 0.0378 inc hes 200 poun b. of graphite per ilrum is assmned in I

this evaluation, es en though 300 poun is of

!CC-17ii >.~-::alh.n cautais.:r:

• graphite gives a smaller t ritical mass, because l

i 200 pounds of.:raphite is a practical amnuat.d Material: 200.: '"Pu and 290 poac Ls Rocky Flats wastes that could conceivably be graphite put in a 30-gullon or 55 gallon container.

10: 22.43 inches Cap: 0.629 inches k

Using Pu and 200 pounds of graphite as the con-Rall thickness: 0.0128 inches e

stituents of the material in the 30 gallon nnd 55 gallon containers, a series of DTF calcula-The results of the DTF-II calculations (after tions* (B. G. Carlson, R. Cuber, M. Shapirn, and adjustment for ref!ection) indicate that the W. J. Worlton,0TF Csers tfanual, CSC P'ays/

critical heist e for an infinite reflect d" slab of h

Math-3321) of infinite cylinder cells were run in order to determine the critical infinite slab 30-::allon containers in the configuration speci-fied ab.we is 121.2 inches and the critical

. height of these drums. Sisteen group crnss see-height of an infinite reflected slab of 55-gallon tions (Gorden E. linnsen an.1 RiHiam II. Roach, containers in the confi::uration specified bove Six and Sixteen Group Cross Sections for Fast is 1G6.8 inches.

ond intermediate Critical f uem! lies, LA\\$-2543, University of California, Lo=

Alamos Scientific Laboratory, Los Alamos.

Since the usable height of the ATL-o00 rail.

t New Mexico, (December 1960) were ucd.

car is 110 inches, an infinite number of these railcar, nf ICC-171130 gallon diuins con:aining He configuration of the infinite cylinder cells a rnasim un 100 g "Pu and a maximum of 2

were as follows:

200 pounds of graphite, and/or ICC-171!

3-gallnn drums enntaining a masimurn of 2D0 g 2"Pu and a masimurn of 200 pounds of grap..ite, are sub-critical when fully reflected.

c'

' M[

OM

[

j p

p>

2. Analysis for Accident Cond..

itions I

V

1. N k I Assumptions:

/

Optimum modcration a.

i l

/

b. Array is fully reflect:d

^

+ 1. D. -c>;(

+-

Undamaged inner containers c.

L-o-- 1. D. -cW 4-l. D.+

d. In the calculations, the material is con-sidered to be uniformly distributed :hrough

/

the drums.

/

[

1 r

Another of the require :ents, of the Appendis of

---ed

' o-6 4-- }

AEC Chapter 0329, for Class ! ahipments N that y

/

two hundreil fiftv (250) of these ICC-171I y

^

GAP n,.e a,-.,n w n, aar.e b e e.,r.

is...ans er in inch fro-, ibie i, s'

• p ecific ation :o aMo = a geester toler.nce.

• Tie reiterwin =,, consiJc,cd a s an additgan41 s.fei, f actor

• C lc ul eien. har by D. C. Caes f.<!J. !. E. J.ek on. II,c h r

.tik mp --rec.: 4 t io..

d, noi sp.cifically si.ie ih.it a m.: be Flein Dmnien. The 14. L' hemic.1 r..mp m.

1%?.

c w sle:e.

P00RDGNAL

IlFP-1411 Appendi J111 Al.u i.., Scientific l..&nratory of the l'nis ersitt 30 gallon and 'or 1CC-1711 ~0-galb.n containers must be snberitical in a. 3 arrangement with of Cahfarnia. I.o, Ala:ans, Lw \\fexico, IE).

full water reflection on all sides and optimum moderation. 't he condition un each container is to be that which w oubt result if,aaeh cont sinct was subjected to the hypothetical ateident enn-It *, 31,*

c ditions specified in Annex 2 of the Appendis.

(

The f.,llowing evaluation will illustrate that 3(h - 2A r-

-i\\T + 25 this requirement is met.

z 3

The 30. gallon and 55-gallon containers were assumed to be unc maged since the package-to-package spacing will not change to any h a 213.76 inchas large extent under accident conditions (as per F. E. Adcock, Ilocky Flats Division The Dow Chemical Company, Engineering Evaluation -

The nurnher of ICC-lTil 30-pilon containers on ha. a Il Fsra stage :luhe in ICC-liC as-an edge of the base of t,ne cubic arrav is 11.32, gallon Drwns, December 4,196_..

which is the length of the base of the array disided by 18.n3 inches (the inner d: 4 meter of

. The contents of the ICC-171130-gallon con-the container plus,.,. wall thicknesses plus the tainer wCrc COnsiderCd to be 100 g n,Pu and air gap, see page.,0.

200 pounds of graphite per container and the contents of the ICC-171155-gallon containers The number of ICC-l!!! 30 gallon containers on were considered to be 200 g '"Pu and 200 the edge of the heipt of the cdic array is pounds graphite per containcr. These con-

. Sa_, which is the he. ht of the array d.sio,ed ig tainers with their respective Pu contents were bv

..o._,. inches the inner he. ht of t,ne o -

ig optimumly moderated, as explained above, when c ontaine r).

the graphite was limited to 200 pounds per

• • "'I"*

Ha. cri ical nun.ber of 30-gallon containers in

• * #'"Y

' " I " * *

• I ne following calculations are used to convert the reflected critical infinite slab of 30-gallon con-

.N.e - (number on edge)' (number high) = 100a.

tai,crs, filled as specified above, to a reflected critical cubic array by equating the Buckling Two hundred fifty (250) ICC-lTil 30 gallon con-

'9""'I tainers are suhcritical in a cubie array with full reflection and optimum moderation.

Infinite Slab:

An annlysis similar to that done for the 30-gallon containers indicates that 1430 55-Sallon B,' - (T + 23 containers, filled as specified above, are sub-critical in a cubic array with full reflection and optimum moderation.

Cubic

• Therefore, these ICC-lTil 30-gallen dru:,s containing a maximum of 100 g "'Pu and non.

D,8 3(h + 23 fiuile material (provided the nna-finile mate-r at does not execed 200 !bs. of paphite per druml and 'or ICC-l!!! 5~-ca!!on drun;s enntain.

The extrapolation length (3) used for the slah inc a maximum of 2M g "*l'u and non-fi,ile was 2.47 inches and fer the cubic array was material (prosi. led the nnn-fi.-sile n aterial does 2.23 inches (11. C. Paxton, Cri:icality Comrrol not exceed 200 pound, of graphite par dru n)

Operusion s ui:h Fis stle ;laterial. I.os meet the sequirement-of Sestian ll ll ('r is:

1109 185

1

)

4 flFP-1411 A ipr nclix 111 l

i Class I shipments, when these drums are

1. af t.gallan dru:n3 rnutaining a maximum <.f 100 g

{

pacLagesi in the N131\\-600 series railcar.

"*l'u anil non-fi sile material (provid..! i:ie non-fissile material does not exceed 200 p..unds of

{

graphit. per drum).

i D. S D !\\lAl W arl 'or

\\

Since the crates are limited to 5 g '"Pu per cubic i

foot, these crates m.i> ic inicrmised in the X1',1.\\-600

2..n. : iiion.ir.nu containing a ma <imurn of 200 g series railcar with 'ce specified drums. The substitu.

"I'u.nal i.on-fi, c:e a,aterial (psovided ti.e non-tion of thcsc er :les for the drimia would Icail to.t less iis.-tlc. attrial does not eseced 200 pounds ni reactive arrangement, graphite per r! ruin).

{

\\

Tlierefore, by using the above interpretation of the and /or regulations, the N131X-600 series railcars meet the specifications of Class I shipments provided the

3. Crate containing a maximum of Sg '"Pu per capacity of each railcar is lirnited to:

cubic foot.

S h

O e

,y.

i Apper..lix IV R FP-lill APP ENill.\\ IV ENGINEl'lllNG EVAI.I s.TillN Mrihml:

Urnnmed wa-te is ;.rne. sed in a treatment plant

=ln re ir is drica..nd then fise i with Portland cement The ATM\\.600 Scric. car with.h ums or t rates for nr oUt r suitahlr aardener. shou:d the drum L.:

inner con *ainers is a safe, reliable transportation ruptured a an ac cilent, the contantination unold system f or shippiutt radio.ictis c '* asic m.iterial.. [nc remaia wei! fiu ! tr, t he inert me.hu;n.

adequacy of the vlcm was demonstrated by relating it to the thrce principal factors upon.which all regu-In cach case, contamination is in the less Intions for transporting hazardous materia * + are based:

hatardous insoluble form. In the event of a fire, (1) Transportation environment (2) liciatise hazard becau-c of its density and non-volatility, the radio-potential, nnd (3) Package performance. This is the actisc caterial wnutd tend to remain at the burning only suitable t,spe of evaluation since a pacLage of site and therefore would constitute a hazard only in this size cannot be subjected to the hypothetical the inunediate vicinity of the accident.

occident conditions (30-foot drop, half hour fire, etc.)

nor can strength, re,iotance to impact loads, or other PENEll(XilNG II TillATION - The radioactis e mart-calculations be related directly to package perfor-rial enn,idered here emits alpha particles along with mance during these tests, very low encrey Irta particles and as such is primarily an internal hazard. Althoegh some x-and gamrna.

Transportation Environment:

rays are associated with the radioactive ilecay of the material, radiatien field < are not of a n.agnitud which The chance of a serious accident' per 1000 miles nf constituted a hazard either when the rnaterial is ec,n-travel is approximately one in 82.000 for stancard freight tained or if it should be lost from its container.

This is based on data collected durine. a study cars.

of 3122 freight train accidents intohing detaihnents Package Performance:

for the period 1932 through 1931.2 The report mentions that specially designed cars, such as the ATMX will IMPACT AND PENET!!ATION - In any type of "substantially" reduce the chance of a serious railroad ac cident or derailment, there is the pnssibi-accident. Of the accidents reported in the study, fire lity that the cars involveJ could roll down an embank-or explosion followed a ent'ision and 'or derailment ment. ~lhe ATMX car was especially designed and incident in only 19 of the cases.

reintnrced to withstand this situation. The heavy top longitudinal members are supported at each end and By observing the precautions required inr the rail by the two center braces to prevent the sides or top transportation of hazardous materials, as required by from collapsing.

l the DOT, the chance of a serious accident would be reduced still further. In summary, the environn ent A direct head-on crash is relatively unlikely. llowever, that the ATMX ear will see i> favorabic. Rith no the ATM\\ car could survise this type of crash with special precautica. one couhl espect a freight car to little da:nage. Impact on the end of the cast frame experienec a serious accident once in 82 million would tran,mit a shock to the load but would lease miles of trasel. %ith a high strength car such as the the c ar ir. tact. Impact higher up on the car would ATMX-600 and using special precautions, the chance cause the impacting object to be deflected over the of a serious accident is scry remote.

sloping end. Shnck load transmined to the contents would be less than in the first case and the car again Ilciathe llazard Potentirl:

would be Itf intact.

CONTTMINATION - Content., of plywood crates

\\ rnore liicly ty pe of impact w auld be a i ancing d

(machinery, etc.) hase been cleaned to climinate binw on t e si.lc ni the w cau=ed either from.he car i

remosable surface contannnation. lle3idual c ontami-it>cif -Ud hng into a udid -trut ture or fro:n ancin r nation sli.:htl cueeds the Ics el allowed for " low tar st id !ic.: into the AT',1\\-&0 In this case, on;. a t 3

specific at thity;" hon es er, it n, iised w ell enough spct.1 w w hl be so r.cw hat le,- than t he nriginal car that it woul.1 not be readih.li-peniHe in he esent (or mi--il.)

pced. %nc bendine an i ( rchin;;. f the the palage were breathed.

c< and a, hane in cor (or n:i--ile) s ci"ci:y w oubl l

r 1109 187 v

u

?00R ORGINA

a' I

1 i

• lIFP-14 t l Ag p.:ndix IV 4

i tend to diwsipalt mut h of t h. as ad.thIr t nrtpy.

l'a i.f t he c.n w.utliI n..!.9. ved Y.7 f.* Contents w ouId i

be coa.icrs at i. r. it must he a -umed that a strong.

w..n'.! he at a -ignifie aatly lo..cr temperat us e. The pointed object -u+ h as.i roe ner of a ra=1 steel rar e:: l.o

..f s a a ti, is dr.im-1.c..re-t to the rar s kin frame, could penetrate both the inner and outer kin of n -.d.:

..a h, ;.p r n imat cly 02*i f.'

the AT'dX car's side or roof. Ilo pem tratir.g ohirt t in this case couhl also penetrate..nr..r more inner Tu e a< te rip *ane c..I tl r s onten.= s c.nne.t 1 r a c c u-c o n t.u ne r s, ran is ; o.!n : d how evr,.: 3hoal i aat emed 200 F.

M.e p's y o...! v. ill -!.u t t.. s har a: d hura mead IM F, In any cn}h% ion or imp 6ct the -hock tran*mitted la

'on nia; i..n !.c e spect evi oh those pe.p ions of (n

-.n.c the inner containers is. rat h attenuated hv ihr i ar cr.n.- + a:r-fic smface..f t h e t ar. In th. limite.i itself. 'lhis -hock is imther re.luced in the packaging os.gn.aur; i.rre w ithm the car, tia: burnin;; crates or blocking material. One could c.spect the inner siomi'J he self-ruinguishing once the external heat.

containers whether crates or drums, to remain source has bi en rem.ned.

reasonably intact, except for those few that mar be punctured or crushed hv an object penetrating the c ar.

Bork lone at llocky Flats by D. I. Ziegler'shows that hardened procr*s wa-te in steel drums will la conclusion, the forces required to damage the survive lang espnsure to 2103 F without damage.

ATML600 car are of a considerably greater macnitu.!c Drsn-in the hotter pmtions of the car wou!d be than those generated in the drop, impact, and pene-cy r, t-d to wat due to steam pressure. In b.>th this tration tests of an ortlinary radioactive material con-case ' :d.' n ca-e of partially consumed crates, coa-toiner. While the car can, with the worst combinatinn tami4ation wou!d be slight because of the types of of' conditions, be penetrated, overall damage to the mat erial in s oh ed.

car and contents will be minor.

K ATE!! Im! Ell 8 ION Crated waste, when flooded, Fille - Esen though the statistical probabilit3 of the would n a covtitute a cri:icality hazard, since fissile ATilX car being inu.h ed in a fire is negligihle. the m.m rw i-linitol to only 5-; ra. s per cubic foot.

possibility must still be considered.

The criticality evaluation for drums has considered f:oo.line of one enntainer, and of all the containers in The thermal test conditions specified ir. the regulations th e array since there is a possibility ai some !eaka;-e can hardly apply to a container as large as the ATMX a.tcr a -es ere irapact or fire. The criticality evalu-Sandia Corperation tests show that even for a ation sh4ws that the flooded array is over moderated car.

medium-site container, the follawing conditic.ns are and the.cfore less reactive than the case considered, necessary to assure proper test conditions: A fire pit between 400 and 2000 square Icct containing approsi-Kater tirculation through the car should be slight mately 5000 gallons of fuel, wind us. der 5 rnph, test Circulation thrnugh the inner containers would be n:1.

item positioned a certain optimum distance abme the Therefore. contamination loss from the car during a surface of the f uel, and at least 3-feet of flame 21-hour innnersion would be negligible.

surrounding the container. It is hard to conceise of these conditions existing, either by design or accident

(.ggg when the package is 10 x 13 x 60 feet.

Tb engineering evaluation has shnwn that the With the maximu:n conceivable fire, it can be assumed transportation ensironment of the ATMX-600 Series that only 50-percent of the cds outside surface will railcar is escellent and that the chance of a be enveloped in flame. This i, hase.1 on the car being seriau-acci lent is s er> remote. llaeard potential (1) partly submerged in a pool of fuel where the sub-of the contaminated waste is relatisely low since the merged portions are inaccessible to the flame, or radio.uthe materials are w ell fixed. Finally, the (2) suspended abose the llame by virtue of stacking pacLage performance is equisalent to that required on n pile of derailed ears in which case the supported for T pc U packaging, and therefore, uitable for 3

areas a nd the upper surface w ould likely be inaccessi-

"hrge quantities" of radioactive noterial.

ble to the flame.

la summ..ty, the Yi M \\-600 Feries car and its steel The car, esen without contents, constitutes a massise drum r r l ywood crate inner containers repre,ents an l

heat sink (119,000 pounds of steel). Assuming a net ideal notatian to the probicm nf safe!y transparting heat input of 17,000 llTl' 'ft. nour,' mean temperature radioa tne waste materials at a rea-onable co t.

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,tppend.ix l\\.

l

• ' 'e repar t, p. I l l, Mr."A uprtit gis cs 3.15 v..'en' I

ItEFElli'NCl3 (ltr,Jon liiu br 'It') as the net heat flus duria:: n

1. Defined as an acciilent that dainages ilu car L< yonil I \\EA -t.orlant fire ti st.

economical repair.

4. A s cra,:. car tt nperat urn base.1 on the abo $ e a -unip-

2. liarol.1 A. Knapp, Cost.unt Safety Con <iderations i;.y-an.1 u ing infinite can.lat tivity. lint. pot-on f

in the Tran.portation of lla.lioat tive mierials a*

tl.c i,ide -urfa c inight rea. h this teinperatu. :, but publi hed in the "Proceedin,..f the 1933 AEC in c as.. rag. su.uld b. bns er.

and C.>attactor Safety and l' ire l'rotection Con-13,19N.

5. Pre vie..i-thermal tests has e shown a 2.W F tem.

ferenc e," TID.7569, L3 pcrature dif f. inti.il acrosa small air ;;aps naa

3. Alan Fairbairn, UK AEA, Sandia Corporation lleport similar con.litions.

SC.llti-65 98, p. 648-M9. During discussion period Mr. Fairbairn gives 1.3 calories per second per

6. F. E. Adcoc k, llFD Container - LJet 55/30, square c entinieter (17,000 litu 'hr'ft') as a usable 2012 68PE, llocky Flats Division, he Dow fi ure for net heat ilus int. a large ca.L. In this Chenical Company, Septeniber 1963 6

P00R ORGINM

9 i

Ap%a,b V HFP-l4 L L

\\PI'EN DIN.V l'S\\pl-l.<0 C \\111;0 CON T \\l% 1:11

+0 inches USA Stan.lar.i 1111..I, Seccificati.n f or Cars. Con-tai.irrs, Jefines il.e.ie.c. gro.s weight. desicr.

L,i '

I ' " ' I' ' "

'- /,. inches loading, an.1 t orn. r fit ting sier an.1 1.n at ion for Standaril Group ! llennmniable Carpi C..ntainers 0 inches referred to in this report.

C, E inch.s

- /, inches The following tab!c of itiniensions is estracted from S = 19 Icet-2'ain' hes REF

-[

USASI Mils.1:

d P - 7 feet-5 inches REF I

.0 inches i

L - 19 fect-10'/, inches D, Mea,arement between diagenally opposite corners must be equal with ',;-inch.

l

- /. inches f

.0 inches A '"'I*t Y "I 2 -I'ot c arg containers are av il ble W-8 feet- 0 inches for.< ale.3r lease throuchnut the world. Fullv enclosed

'- /, inches conta.ners are asailable with plywood / fiberglass or j

aluminum co.<tructinn as well as all steel. Open 11-8 fect. O inches top an 1 fiatbr 8 Jesigns are also available, and all of

'- /;. incl.cs these are compatible with the ATMX-600 railcar.

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