ML19199A590

Public Comments on TMI incident,790330-0409

ML19199A590
Person / Time
Site:	Crane
Issue date:	03/30/1979
From:	AFFILIATION NOT ASSIGNED
To:	NRC COMMISSION (OCM)
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ML19199A591	List: ML19199A590 ML19199A592 ML19199A594
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NUDOCS 7905040277
Download: ML19199A590 (60)

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Dear Mr. Hendric,

I an astonished and disgusted by your statenent to Governor Brown that you think we can be reasonably assured that it is safe to continue to operate Rancho Seco Nuclear Power Plant, before we have even begun to answar the myriad questions raised by the accident at Three Mile Island. The American public is clearly extremely skeptical about your ability to.give us any assurances that the URC has in the past, or can in the future, sufficiently moni-tered the planning, the construction, the operation of ~ nuclear plants; that you can provide for 3,fe dicposal of nuclear wastes; that you are willing to consider such crucial factors as earthquake faults. 4" Cn" tuis Obispc There are many, man; people ha-= who feel as I do. We are adarantly opposed to the licensing of Liablo until all the evidence is in on Three Mlle Island. The URC does not give us anf reassurances that te have a chance to be considered when you take such irresponsible actions as your stand cn Rancho Seco. Please ta':e a core rational, deliberate stand, considering the fact that our

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uclcer power plents aro not tuo anaucr to orcrc in this country. It in L'CT chanper. It la ::GT acrer. It la : 0T cleanor. It la 1:GT envi.M.rnantally cafe.

It I3 c plague, silently coepirs into cur livoa. Whct la ovon no:: o frit;htaning, is that nuclear encrrJ is in tha handa of incccpetent people-inccrotant eithsr en purpc~,o or inconpotent through human errer. It is na Civins a bnby a ecched, loaded cant E707 day no allou nuclorr power planta to operata, uc a: e pinying a dea <ily c:=c. I don't believe the incident at T22 vas er vill bc unique. Too ::=7 instancca cf fault 7 oquipacnt, irresponsibla inatallchien, und circloaa acnitorig; within the plantc nro in cridenco. Ple ac cet nou to clocs T::I sna to phane out '.LL reacicar pouar planta, .g 'l \\ <d, pf* d / g. i Qs / v r e / , -/nj':. %rt- < / / o' 'd /w,u w&wer a r J / d g Ie 4 7

e t Ch :n. Joseph M. Hendrie "uclear Regulatory Commission 'Jashington, D.C. 20555 April 6, 1979 Dcar r. Hendrie, would like to e:gfess my appreciation for the day your people ndled the 1 recent emergency at the Three "ile Island !:uclear Plant in Goldstoro, Penna. I live within five miles of the plant and I feel t<he honestness, openness and competence of your personnel more thri offset the hysteria (intended or not) of media reporting. On behalf of my fa:,ily and mysel", I wish you tould convey our thanks for a job well done to all the people invol';ed uith this situation. ddL&'h' / f Sin e_mly, e $ <j NrenceE. Poster 2C6 Cree ~. cod Drive ':eu Cumberland, Pa.17070 ', r, ', e 1 I 1

i April 4, 1979 President Ji m y Carter The bhite House Washington, D.C. 20$00 Daar President Carter, We are deeply concerned about the barely averted tragedy in Middletown, Pennsylvania. We know you share this concern. With this event fresh in our memory, we ask you again to reconsider your co==itment to nuclear energy. We feel the reasons for doing so are sound.

1. The technology for producing electricity using nuclear fuel is not sound or safe, as we have seen in Pennsylvania this past week, and as we saw in Alabamn in 1973 and in previous accidents.

2. Technology cannot and does not now provido for safe handling of nuclear wastes.

Moreover, if all the costs for "=anaging" these wastes were paid for by those who generate thec, nuclear power would be prohibitively expensive. Why can't we turn to# conservation and the development of solar and wind power? (And, in doing so, perhaps reexamine our insatiable energy "needs.") Must we continue to live with the anguish of the grave threat that nuclear power poses to us daily? To cinply upgrade or stiffen nuclear power regulations is unacceptable, and will not provide the assurance we seek. We ask that you declare a moratoriun on the developnent of nuclear power. Sincerely, r, 0;X(k (</:(!!b2.LW 6Jana and John Collins 715 Lake Avenue Wilmec'e, IL 60091 cc Secretary of Energy Schlesinger NRC Chairnan Hendrie IIIiR Direc tor Frank Seal Governor James Thompson g n }, r ; () Senator Adlai Stevensen i/ ~ Senator Charles Percy Representative Abnor Mikva

nuc can.sagulatory uommission Mauhington, D.C. 2C515 ( Attn:2r. Hendrie) To Whom it May Concern, The unfolding horror of the Harrisburg i;uclear Disaster is evidence that nuclear power is a dangerowly misunderstood gamble that must be stopped. The IiRC is ultimately the responsible party in this and any other incidents that mi ht occur as a result of their absolute ble ssing 6 for AI;Y nuclear plant that c omes along. The I'RC has never denied a lipcense to a nuclear plant and investigations are few and slight when they are forced by public concern. You are to blame for the immediate Harrisburg deaths and the cancer and gene tic de formitie s that will follo'e in future generations. Instead of protecting the public, your presupposed function, you have leaded the gun and pulled the trigger. Joseph Hendrie failed the public in his lax and irresponsible direction of the Regulatory Commission and has personally sealed the fate of at least thousands of people in the Karrisburg area who have already been exposed to harmful levels of radiation. Where will his assasinations and holocausts end? I urge you to shut down ALL nuclear plants in the country and insure the future health and safety cf future Americans by forbidding any ne.. p1 ants to be built. ~ Sincerely, .i l/. - ! C.Mid-.hh05~ Tina Iiorton 211 Easy St. #11 Idountainve iw, Ca. 94043 1 4 / l

,c" l 220 VOINTON RCAO SOUTH ROCHESTER, NEW YORK 14610 271-9070 FIRST UNITARIAN CHURCH April 4, 1979 Nuclear Regulatory Agency Office of Public Affairs Washington, D. C. 20555 To Whom It May Concern: I write to express my deep concern over the nuclear accident at the Three Mile Island nuclear installation in Pennsylvania. Surely this event must raise serious questions about the easy confidence with which nuclear safety is touted by nuclear energy advocates. Certainly, it must serve to check our headlong plunge into a nuclear energy dependence. I do not oppose nuclear energy per se. If we can have authoritative evidence that we have resolved the outstanding problems of nuclear accident, sabotage, theft and the disposal of nuclear waste, among o the rs, I cannot oppose this potentially great source of energy. However, the risks of such energy are high. I urge that we not be stampeded into this energy form simply because other nations seem to be doing so. Therefore, I would urge a moratorium on the construction of all new nuclear facilities until these problems can be satisfactorily re-solved. For example, it seems the height of folly to proceed with development of nuclear plants before we have even developed ways and means to dispose of nuclear waste. Secondly, I would urge a . thorough review of all existing nuclear facilities, especially those with similar design to the Three Mile Island plant. Those that can-not meet rigid safety standards should be closed. My personal hope is that we shall be able to invest as much of our national resources into solar and other kinds of " soft technology" energy sources as we have in the nuclear industry. Perhaps we can eventually reach a point in energy conversation and production so that we will not need to depend on high risk technology. Thank you for your attention to these views. P.S. I an especially . ry .ul yours, opposed to using the / Finger Lakes for nuclear j' ~4 p waste disposal. Richard'S, dilber* ' t. f, \\i

I,* OEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Mechanical Engineenng amicing F Fayettewlle. Arkansas 72701 (sou 57s-31sa UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS College of Engineering April 5,1979 Dr. Joseph M. Hendrie, Chairman U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Cm,4 ssion Washington, D. C, 20555

Dear Dr. Hendrie:

7t is possible that this le tter should not be addressed to you directly, but af ter reading the contents you will be able forward it to the particular director in your Comnission who would to j be concerned. As a result of the recent ihree Mile Island incident, where it may possibly be desirable for the NRC to have a knowledge I can see able representative at several of the current co=nercial nuclear power inctallation; now operating, perhaps in a manner si=ilar Administration, but with the important distinction that N'RCto } background and understanding of nuclear power operationsre may also be possible that you have already made such a decision It and are looking for qualified people. On a realistic basis I do not see how this country can maintain it standard at living and industrial developnent and dispense with s nuclear power. to assist and assure that private industry can produce electriI fe power safely (first and foremost), reliably, and cheaply from nuclear cal materials. Accordingly, I would like to explore of working with the ermf ssion in the capacity as Representative the possibilities or Inspector at the AP and L Plant in Russellville, and/or at Black Fox ?] ant near Inola, Cklahoma; depending on the responsibili the ties that you might envisica such a person to assume and whethe or not the person should reside in the community where r is located (I would have no objection to doing so). the plant Briefly, my technical background is B91E Case Institute 1948 MSME and Ph.D. Perdue University 1957. My Ph.D. is in Heat hrasfer at the Jet Propulsion Center at Purdue. Scienti

• for Rocketdyne for several years and had a group worki g I was Principal on rocket he ! transfer problems at n

the Propulsion Field Lab in Santa Susana. I 1.;.m been teaching and doing research in the thermal science area hea at the University of Arkansas since d early ' 60 's, and currently hold e the Raymond F. Giffels Distinguished Chair in Engineerdag. During the year 1970-71 I worked as a ') ' # ) 1 ^; Tae Universay ct a mansas is an Ecuai Cocortsw Emo'over

, (1<FZK) visiting scientist at the Karlsruhe Nuclear Research Center My mst recent research has been with regard to of nuclear fuel rods (several publications). in West Cormany. thermal performance 1 t If cn the basis of the above brief remarks you, or the directora e ike to in your Commission respcasible for such activitie s, woul l lt l i i lists. applications and forward detailed resumes with publ cat on explore Sincerely urs, / O1mut Wolf O 14 - 2Jo

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CHIROPRACTIC CLINIC OF NEW JERSEY PASSAIC COUNTY OFFICE DIRECTOR ) L INTE!.JSANO. D. C. 139 LAKEVIEW AVENUE CLIFTON; NEW JERSEY o7011 PHCN E: 772-7676 4-3-79 Joseph 'J. Hendrie Cheiraan Huclear Regulator Washington, D.O. y Conaission Det: W.r. Eendrie: f erncrd the fc11oninc data for your censideration.I have been fo I refer you to Dr. ililhela Reich, M.D., and his work in the "Granur Ezperiaent" and the anti-nuclear effect that crgone energy hcs en neutralizing radiction. Please refer to 'I Tzble cf Evehts" on Public Court Record R 41-46 dated Oct. '56 Regarding Oranur.", also " Historical Record of Informatien Given by Zerone Eden, Expeciti,n press,Also please read the book entitled _Or. tone E 50 Jericho Trpk., Je ricno, :.. Y. 11753. Zo be peir_ted - totive nnter cri/or cloud:- there i= c ncy to neutrelize the radic-abcVe the reactor due te leti:

'ile I:1=d irrediately.

I ta not cucce= ting thtt I do thi: but tt Three the 4 'crnation i: cit"nti en er future situati:ns.availtble fer you to ure tc neutralize the precent to cinply stcp building nuclear reactorsOf course the best Trey to stop the ly exi; ting. and tear denn the enes present-the present economic poners won't peraitThere are safer and easier ways to this eg: Solar, Wind, geo-theraic hydrogen gas the ocea,n and/cr tidesconversion frca the sea,, direct utalization of ataospheric energy as n, ell asetc, cnd the aest important Orgene or free atmospheric electro-static energy. tc use the aheve (by you I aean the governaental egencies )If plez.se read the enclosed article written in 1973. us o Thank you, i S Wf/l C/ G Dr. 'cseph Intelisano, B.S..D.C. 4 *. J f l / i

. _... 2,c m.,.,, The ultinate nuclear safety abilities rest with schnicians aboard ea.'th-circling spacecraft. They are the final earth-guardians. Stationed orbitally, they respend to all nuclear emergencies. They and their craf t are it.=une to rad! ation and knew exactly how to remove and dispose of contaminated air or solidt. ( Centrary to supposition, extra-terrdstrial scientists are here purely te help us with acvanced assistance. ) CCLTACT: Leonard Stringfield directer fublic Relations Lu3cis Chemicals Cincinnati or at Center for UFO Stucies c/0 Allen H;rnek FZM%HIIJE: Suspend one empty air balcon ( weather er unfla=ed het-air type ) fren inflated Helium u1=y3g meteoro1gical balcon and vent hycregen in+w it, giant sice avalable from 1;aticnal Oceanic & Atmospheric Service 1; CA. - iCR. 2.LIAT;. LE ACTIVATICh: of H bubble. Inhibit explesien : pu=c inert helium thru it buffers the H reaction with 02 check atz=ic submarine safety process of their hydregen perexide system. it may apply. J. Carter has this kncwledge as well. ,..,.,u..., : v .:.r Hydrogen stable till lQOO Cne thousand centigrade F.etallic hydrides can be formed, eg Calcia. ~ PEACETEC 153 Broadway Santa Crue. Rescurce Cent r for hen 71olence ,r q' L I { (.

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1430 Third Avenue York, Pa.17403 April 9, 1979 Dr. Joseph M. Hendrie, Chairman ~ Nuclear Regulatory Co= mission 1717 "H" S treet, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20515

Dear Dr. Hendrie:

The Three Mile Island Incident has resulted in mental anguish and in many cases, financial hardship for residents of our area. We urge a thorough investigation into motives and actions of Metropolitan Edison since the outset of the installation of Reactor No. 2, by both the State and Federal Govern =ents. Metropolitan Edison and its' Stockholders are responsible for any related financial expenditures, NOT WE CONSUMERS' Sincerely, 4 E.rgh ~ Elaine S. Grahamslaw l / l

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' asningcnn, D.C. 20555 ~ gentlenen: cince the p.ancho seco Plant is of a sir.ilrr design such as the Atenic ?ower Plant in pennsylvania, we want it pernanently shut dcun, as we,;ilton residents cannot take any further risks, beine lc cated eni/ three miles fren the Rancho seco Plant. L'e have been living here before '.he ecuer :lant was constructed and do not go along with ambitious scientists, stirring a witches caldren and full of hunan error, and supported by greedy stockholders and cchar leaches -- that we should take tne risks of tolerating such a plant here any lenger. It has been hanging like a Danoclc.s ~ucrd over us and makes us ;ittery. Let the fat cats, who are n'; liv./.g i.n this neighborhood yet are ressuring.fer further unke3c -ir.. filly concensate us fer reloca;ing and then let ther - -.e re ~'. the plant. Alcne the cuestion of : .ce shculd be enough a .c eke everycody decide agains. a.t. <here is the clutoniun 2nd other waste naterial stored? T3 1. a: '.e p12nt site? ?e have not been able to get a strai' Another big facter against at..: roue; o that we have not been given the truth about pernisJible radiation Ainits. 'Je have found out that the regulatcry authorities are cuite aware of this fact. The cernissible ILnit given as safe to the public is far too high to be safe, and they have adnitted that the atenic plants could not be operated en icwer radiaticn restrictions. 'Te all know new that a continucus execsure to so-called ' tweak" radiation enissions will cause trouble often enly arrarent in the victins within 10 cr 20 cr even nere years. It is arrarent that all the noney flowing into nuclear pcuer cheuld have been diverted long ago to research of clean pcuer, such a3 geothernie, ~-,,, n.a ; - - /..- + e u. e. +_ c-, s, e + c. ..,n. + u..e 3. a_ n a., no e-s n.~, a_n,.. n u .-m. e m. e. csre whether thousands upcn thcucands of residents may be either cutrightly killed or ciculf m.ained have surrressed the financing cf develcpnent of clean power scurces. In view of the above, let us have " conservation" of enerrv enforced new until such tine that a better solutien has been found, inich should be cuite socn if the noney that is ceing pumped into atenic

ver is diverted to other energy sources.

Let us hear frcn you. e_ n e.a.,.7 .,b.., rv .u s ..w-. f, V ) 4, (E. iesel) fe" Ccncerned Resi ents q q '.' 6 a 'E l l L.

/ <I lib INSTITUTE FOR MULTILEVEL LEARNING INTERNATIONAL \\/ THE PROFESS:ONAL ButLC:NG. suite 303 215 *EST FRANKL!N STREET VONTEREY. CAL!FCRNI A 93040 U S A ' Dea: d H. Parie, TELEPHCNE AREA COCE (4C6s 643-3535 .n. c.,-,,, A,-,e w. stc,e., April 3, 1979 Dc-=i . c.,ar. C r. )cm.s A. Cinnan A.,m o.. c.,uro, Mr. Joseph Hendrie, Chaiman ;^7;l C Cn " ' Nuclear Regulatory Comission ,3 1717 H Street, N.W.

,. w;a;o-H. Fr@ck Washington, D.C. 20555 e c.,,...cn

Dear Chairman Hendrie:

TOARD CF CON 5'JLTANTS We have bitten into the apple. We had one warning in the _ dl,71 k'f Garden of Eden. Now, Harrisburg. The third warning may be our aReAr sR:rAon

3agt, U;5.f..l$*droe.

Close and dismantle all nuclear power plants and throw all s ce"'o' weight into safe renewable energies of sun, wind, sea, agriculture. The time has come. ,. acs.n F. E!anknee.m CARIBEEAN AREA I will gladly cut my power neeus by the 13% lost taking v e. s;c ce=m nuclear plants off line until solar catches up the difference. M r. N1 Silva A L'$rRA U A g :fdg: The solar age will create millions of new, interesting, safe jobs and break the back of inflation. 'A-A s:ni A. Irram What are we waiting for? I would like your response. 4"' d M r'D E f '*' Sincerely you - 55 0 C:A T ES u.;. c,..n.a Don H. Parker, Ph.D. C 'irt* AMICA DHP:yas P.S. The above was mailgramed to President Carter and Governor Browr. yesterday. Please reply to me at: 2: h A,G:,n 7;,7 errea :l! M J U3stis / L-1:. C. % 4T55 $C.si.w'. $A ?]? 1 'eY. c.. .a non profit inst:tution performing research and develocreent in mul*;l-.el curriculum cesign and multilevel insteve*ronct mo'errois to encbie ecch leciner to start vtcere he os onc move annod as ioxt and as for as his learning rare and capacity wi f le* nom, on a structure of c:hnced school rg.

April 2, 1979 Nuclear Regulatory Ca mission 1717 H St. Washington D.C. 20006 Dea

• Sirs:

The breakdoun of the Three itile Island Power Plant is evidence that we are unprepared to deal adequately with the generation of power through nuclear means. Tne full extent of the dangers of radiation are still unkovn, but vtat ne do knon ahcut the contr.ination of our cun bodies, those of our unborn children, our ani::als, our gardens, cur land and our unters, speaks loudly enough. STOP further construction of nuclear poner plants. . ty ?. (.., ?: I: M IGATE the safety of poner plants nou operating. SHEN the pressure of vested interests and of those who gn:nble with' hu:an lives. SAFEGUAED the quality of life here. Becoce annre that ne can do, greater evil in our lifeti:nes than we have the pcwe" to undo, in the lifetires of our children, and of our children's children. CIDSE DCWN 'IEREE !.IIII ISLVO PCER PIM. UChK 'IO l'AKE OCR ENEEGY SOL 7.CES SAIE AND DEpE DAEII. Sincerely, 14 m -v p, ! 'h 4 G i i t i

~ March 30,1979

Dear Sirs,

The breakdotm of the Three Mile Island Power Plant is evidence that we are unprepared to deal adequately with the generation of energy through nuclear means. The full extent of the dangers of radiation are still unknown, but what we do know about the contamination of our own bodies, those of our unborn children, our animals, our gardens, our land and our waters, speaks loudl.r enough. STOP further construction of nuclear power plants. INVESTICATE the safety of power plants now operateing. SHUN the pressure of vested interests and of those who gamble with human lives. SAFEGUARD tne quality of life here. Become aware that we can g greater evil in our lifetimes, than we have power to undo, in the lifetimes of our children, and of our childrens' children. CLOSE DOWN THREE MILE ISLAND POWER PLANT. WORK TO MAKE OUR ENERGY SOURCES SAFE AhT DEPENDABLE. Sincerely, Y'

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e 95521 .;:: 5::-511: April 1, 1979 ~ To whom it may concern, I think that what happened at Earrisburg, Pennsylvania is really terrlble! I think that there should be a shut down of nuclear power plants until this accident has been studied! It is not right that so many peoples . health has been jeopardized. i Sincerely, 'hwDA Bruce Dockter v-m ~ 4 } ' (g 'l l / f

U.C.A.R.E. For further infcrmation: P.O. Box 101 Call: Agnes Engel Strabane, PA 15363 412-743 4993 April 4, 1979 FOR D". EDIATE RELEASk Since its inception, U.C.A.R.E., United Citizens Awareness to Radiation Exposure, has been struggling to organize, educate, and inform citizens of the problems relating to radiction exposure. For 68 years, the residents, industri ali sts, and workers of the area affected by the former Vitro Rare 14etals waste site, Canonsburg, Pennsylvania, have been living and working with a daily cronic exposure to radiation well above safety ' guidelines. Federal and State Government officials have avoided and ignored U.C. A.R.E. 's effort to promote thorough health studies despite the Engel thyroid survey, an informal study wnich indicates a high incidence of thyroid abnormalities within a small radius of the site. In the wake of the major accident at the Three Mile Island Nuclear Power Plant, the public's awareness to radiation exposure has been grestly heightened. Perhaps now, the proper government reencies will set fit to carry out extensive medical testing in the Canonsburg, Pennsylvania site area for those exposed to this grandparent of the nuclear fuel cycle. sisssssi I h/ g l-

'$d d S Y 0t^ 8, & v, 8a/6) QA SMd(o V bly Vv /' d & L l' L, Y Ll-O, It has clearly opened my eyes with the recent "Three Mile Island" Nuclear Power Plant Accident near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania (Middletown), that the ' p e ac e-ful uses' of atomic energy for power sources for civi-lian purposes are not safe under any circumstances. I strongly urge and recommend that all such plants in the United States (including the St. Vrain Nuclear Power Plant "in the State of Colorado) be permanently closed at once -- even if it creates a power shortage, or an energy crisis. This is our choice -- Of f^ cr - Death! Cur potenti al enemies will not kill us -- we will do it otirselves. Is this the beginning of the end? The count-down has already begun! Need more be said? Sincerely, 7[Nd.c 2_., 4 ( / n

Pueblo, Colorado April 2, 1979 Dr. Joseph Hendrie, Chairman U.S.. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, D. C.

Dear Dr. Hendrie:

It has clearly opened my eyes with the recent "Three Mile Island" Nuclear Power Plant Accident near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania (Middletown), that the ' peace-ful uses' of atomic energy for power sources for civi-lian purposes are not safe under any circumstances. I strongly urge and recommend that all such plants in the United States (including the St. Vrain Nuclear Power Plant 'in the State of Colorado) be permanently closed at once -- even if it creates a power shortage, or an energy crisis. This is our choice -- Life or - Death! Our potential enemies will not kill us -- we will do it ourselves. Is this the beginning of the end? The count-down has already begun! Need more be said? Sincerely, .i~d y} h wav ~ Robert H. Buller 254 Circle Lane Pueblo, Colorado 81006. ' ) \\; a.

Becky Jacobson 2238 Knoll Circle Anchorage, AK' 99504 April 2, 1979 Nuclear Regulatory Co= mission 1717 "H" Street N.W. Washington D.C. 20555 Gentlepeople: This letter is to express my deep, deep concern for the future of this country and the entire world regardiz, nuclear pcwer plants. I have always been opposed to nuclear enczJy because of its potentially destructive capability that modern technology cannot control. One accident--one small error--can cause irreparable damage of a measure I can not even comprehend. The nuclear power p3snt accident near Harrisburg, PA has reinforced, and has brought me a more realistic realization of the absolutely undescribable catastrophe that can happen (even thougn the nuclear industry insists nuclear energy is a clean, cheap and safe source of power). Of course, various officials from the state of Pennsylvania and from your Commission insist that the accident has only released a ninute amount of radiation into the air in ccmparison to an X-ray. But, the big difference is: exposing yourself to radiation through an X-ray machine is your choice and it is a timed exposure in the sense that once the X-ray is over, that source of radiation is gone. What about the radioactive substances that were (and are) released into the air and subsequently, will find their way into the water supply, the soil...there is no escape from it. Aside from the ultimate destruction that can occur through a meltdown (or the future damage the released radioactive materials may cause when a leak does occur), there are other issues involved: - There is still no technologically safe method for storing the quantities of radioactive wastes that will continue to be lethal for thousands of years. - Nuclear power is not as " cheap" as originally proclaimed. The cost of power plants has increase'd dramatically from their original price. - More and more plants are being shutdown temporarily for repairs and/or more extensive inspection work, and I'm sure there are many more" of this tempcrary shutdowns that the public isn't even informed about. These incidents only point out more clearly the very real possibility of scmething going wrong. 1 n 'i l \\Y I

Nuclear Regulatory Cc==ission. April 2, 1979 Page Two - The uranium supply is limited. Nuclear power cannot go on forever. The idea that nuclear power is the solution to all our energy problems, which is the idea the nuclear industry has laid on the public is just not true. Ant more evidence to the contrary is building up as time goes on. I believe we should invest more of our time, money and energy into alternative energy sources, especially solar energy. These alternatives are very feasible if we give them a chance. Nuclear power is not and never will be the solution and the industry should not be given any more opportunities to present us with evidence (such as this recent incident) to prove that it isn't the answer. For the benefit of the present generations and the generations of the future, I plead with you to shutdown the power plants currently in operation and put an ic=ediate stop to any plans for future plants. It looks like we 'r,e going to be lucky with this recent incident, but who knows what will happen next time. This accident has really made a nuclear accident a reality to me, and has made me more determined to put a stop to such a potentially dangerous energy source. I appreciate your listening to my comments and hope you will seriously consider what I have stated in this letter. Verv truly yours, p Becky Ja so .=} } -- r 4 g --] / l..

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STETART ASD D ECHANT CO., L P. A. ARCRNEY5 AND COLNSELLCRS AT LAT Lex %ENcE E STETART THCMAS H. Da CHANT CECRCE I FRANTZ AREA CODE 216 DANIE L O. WIL 781-2258 FREO TENOEL III Re z s RT R vem April 5, 1979 scO r E srrrAar Chairman Joseph Hendrie United States _ Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, D.C. 20555

Dear Chairman Hendrie:

Recent events since January 1, 1979, have demorstrated the critical need for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to completely re-vise its standards and procedures relative to the licensing of nuclear plants. The first major element was the rejection by the Commission of the Rasmuessen Report and its erroneous Fault Tree analysis. The second major event is the disaster at the Three Mile Island Nuclear Plant. We in Cleveland are concerned because of the Cleveland Electric Illuminating Company;s building program at Perry, Ohio. The records of inspection by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission of the Perry Plant over i the past year clearly demonstrate an insensivitivy of the Illuminating Company to proper builiding procedures. The inspections continually report improper document control; improper supervisory inspections; improper supervision; and improper construction. Mistakes will occur in any pro-ject, but when there is a continual pattern of improper activities, as has been demonstrated at Perry, action must be taken to protect the public. Considering the inherent danger of nuclear energy, and further considering the events of 1979, I must insist that the Nuclear Regulatory Co ission initiate the following action: 1. To order immediately the shut down of all operating nuclear plants which have the same design as that employed at the Three Mile Island Nuclear facility; 2. That all such facilities be inspected by a team of engineers representing the nuclear industry; the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Union of Concerned Scientists; 3. That the Nuclear Regulatory Cotrission create an of fice of NucI tar Cmbudsman which would have the ~ power to issue show cause orders in the event it receives infort ation which would warrant such action and further whi:h would enable the p'iblic to parti-cipate more ful.y in the licensing process; 0 I < n \\l

Chair an Joseph Hendrie 2 April 5, 1979 4. That the Nuclear Regulatory Cocsission, by regul-ation, require the posting of a sufficient indemnity bond by all Utilities desiring to build or operate or shut down nuclear power plants to protect the public; ~5. That the Nuclear Regulatory Co==ission, by regulation, supersede any State Regulations to the contrary and require that the costs of any and all accidents in-cludine any necessary security a nd clean up work per-for:ed by the Federal Government be born by the Utility involved and not be permitted ec be passed through to the consumer. I would be delighted to be of any assistance in implementing these proposals. Ve ry t ruly y ours, _e m l .... - ~.,,.,/ \\ ' Daniel D. Wilt O e e DOW/fac f - e'

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'5 k OrrtCE Or rn E JunoE / EXECUTIVE dEFFERSON GOUNTY MITCH M c CO N N ELL COUNTY COURT HOUSE cov=n suxc,cacewtive tOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY 402O2 April 5, 1979 3m.m. The Honorable Julian M. Carroll Governor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky Governor's Office State Capitol Building Frankfort, Kentucky 40601 Re: Marble Hill Statement

Dear Julian:

Like most intelligent Americans, I have been appalled by and alarmed at the recent incident at Three Mile Island. ~ Unlike some communities, however, this community - Louisville and Jefferson County, as well as nearby areas in Kentucky and Indiana - cannot rest easily, even if and when the Three Mile Island situation is rendered safe. The incident at Three Mile Island can only serve to rekindle and sharpen our concerns over the facility now under construc-tion at Marble Hill. Any major accident or disaster - and we knew that they can happen - would critically disrupt our community and our state. Our stake in the safety at Marble Hill is clear, and my concern is clear. It seems clear to me that: 1. The Commonwealth of Kentucky should actively partici-pate in the further administrative review and scrutiny of Marble Hill, to seek more stringent assurances of safety. 2. The Commonwealth of Kentucky should actively urge the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to consider a construction moratorium for facilities such-as the Marble Hill plant until definitive findings and recommendations from Three Mile Island concerning safety are in and made available to the public. 3. The Commonwealth of Kentucky should seek assurances from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission that the Marble Hill Operating license review will go beyond assurances that the 3 a y $W,. s t'

Page 2 April 5, 1979 Julian M. Carroll facility is built as proposed; but that the facility is indeed safe! Surely Three Mile Island has convinced everyone that current review criteria have been inadequate. The situation no cries out for critical review and re-examination before further f acilities are allowed to oper;te. As a final point, it should be noted that Kentucky is one of the great coal-producing regions in the world.' Surely, it is time for our so-called Ttional energy policy to recognize that this great resource - ' and processed ir an environmentally responsible way reat alternatises fcr energy production. I urge you to support these and further asoropriate measures to assure the safe and healthful development of our energy resources. Sincerel", / / / ..it"n McConnell Codnty Judge / Executive MM: DR: lea cc: Joseph M. Henrie, Chairman, Nuclear Regulatory Codmission James R. Yore, Chairman, Atomic Safety and Licensing Board Panel Howard K. Shapar, Executive Legal Director, Nuclear. Regulatory' Commission Attorney General, Robert F. Stephens Gubernatorial Candidates Congressional Delegation Delegation to Kentucky General Assembly 4 5 B I/

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April 6, 1179 Joseph M. Hendrie, Chairman Nuclear Regulatry Commission 1717 d St. Northwest dashington 0.C. 20555 dear Chairman Hendri.a: I am writing in response to the Ihree Mile falsd nuclear accident. My concern is over the tremendous controversy and disagreement, even amoung experts, in the nuclear field. I demand that existing nuclear sites be shutdown for safety evaluations. Ihat there be a moratorium on the constructi m of new reactors and that the issue of vaste re-pro-cessing and disposal be resolved before the nuclear industry be allowed *o resume production. I am apalled by statements that "no one was hurt" as a result of the accident near Harrisburg. Such a statement is clearly to assuage the fears of anxious people. But it is unfounded in medical science, and unproven over a 10 or 20 year period, let alone for the half-life of nuclear vasca. Certainly in my lifetime, I will suffer from the by-products of the nuclear industry. My one year old son vill not grow up unscathed to face vbo knows what man-made difficulties. The profit motive is not a just basis on which to build and operate the nuclear industry. As proven at Ihree Mile Island, it leads only to error, faulty equipment and crisis. How nany such errors can we survive, for we cannot assume that the danger of accident has passed. I live within a 65 mile radius of 3 nuclear sites. What reassurances can you: offer that.these sites are not dangerous? Already, The West Valley location leaks contaminates into the environment. I request that at least an equal amount of money as was spent on the crisis at Ehree Mile Island--including plant operations and cleanup, special personnel, evacuacion planning, government inspections, etc. -- be spent on providing other energy sources. The response that we cannot eliminate the nuclear industry overnight is not satisfactory. WE MUST. We must place our priorities in finding solucions to th9 problems that solar energy posas. We sust find safe alternatives that will allow us to live in a hazard-free environment. Ihe viability of the earth and the right of future generations to exist must be protected. Sincerely, j /t. wls ?._ s __) Nancy M. Kanniainen 46 Hinsdale St. Rochester, New York 14620 1 1 G S \\i i

563 Lowell Avenue Palo Alto, Ca. 94301 April 6' 1979 .uciatr.egulatory ormission l' l' . Street .W.

1. ashington 2.0.

20555 Jear Sir,

a especially concerned about minimizing the health dangers in another vapor explosion as occurred in Harrisburg, Pa.

I read that Germany requ;res its nuclear plants to distribute iodine tablets to all residents within, say, 30 miles radius of the plant. It is known that radioactive iodine is very hazardous and that it concentrates itself within the bocy, later prodacing primarily thyroid cancer. The iodine taolets would thus minimize the absorption of radioactive iodine gas. Another possibility would ce to dump some iodine into the water supply, although I would fear that people would not drink the yellow tainted water and thus avoid crucial treatment. This may, however, be helpful in covering a large area such as Pennsyl mnia. I of course would be interested in knowing ne possible medical effect of the iodine.

t is ocvious that more leakages will happen in the future and more precautionary measures will have to ce taken next time.

I thought that the evacuation of all pregnant women and of children was a wise move, especially when the unfereseen r.ydrogen bubble was discovered. It is shocking tnat this order came fro-the governor instead of the NRC.

think -ore work should ce done preparing for these more probable types of

" minor" accidents. Another concern is the failure of the - 4 f t. thick containment dome to contain the radioactive steam. From what I understand from the newspaper, the pressure inside soon reached the critical state and the emergency valves opened and dumped radioactive gases into Pennsylvania. It seems cetter safety systems snould oe installed to act as a secondary contain-ment should the done ce overloaded. One idea might pipe the sxcessive radicactive gases into an underground vault. Possibly an abandoned salt mine er coal mine might exist comewhere near some plant. Another partial solutier might ce to empty the excess steam out through the cooling towers, thus cartially cooling the radioactive steam and localizing the proclem. 2.f ter -:arris curg, you should no longer assume that a vapor explosion is

nlikely and you should modify the plant in preparation for these medium size accidents.

This is especially important in earthquake ridden Califor-nia. I would be much more receptive to opening the Diablo Canyon Plants if there was some inexpensive secondary containment possible. After an eartnquake that might damage the plant, possibly disabling the cooling valve or cracking tne fuel cells. -spewing radioactive steam into the dome, it would be a much better sceario if the excess steam could be contained instead of teing vented out over California.

wculd appreciate a quick response if possible.

~ Sincerely 7 Meith Nordman

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.s,... 7 3.1 9,,, n..,,t o_ u ?tichita, i:ar.s as 67220 ,r. e.osep.n nengrie Nucle ar.:.e gulatory Comnission Washington, _' 20555 a_, - u.a n..a.. _s _ a I wis.- to thank you and the entire Nuclear Regulatory Commission for your excellent handling of the Three .1.e _2,,ane proc _,em. .nis 4 ncident demons trates that a althouzh the risks involved in the production of ener-77 by nuclear means are great, the chance of acciden; can be minimized to an acceptable level. I encour.ge you :: continue to emphasize the requirement of safety precautions at nuclear power plants, thus further decreasing the probability of occurrence of another such incident in the future. Again, congratu-lations for the successful handling of such a potentially dangerous situation. Sincerely, / i,n' ~ ,No i e.,..-.. 2 2.,...,. _. _. ~ - Q G, / t r

R.C. 1, Box 365 Jrightsville, Pa. 17368 April 4, 1979 Dr. Joseph M. Hendrie iuclear Regulatory Cc==ission 1717 H St. !.~a' '4ashin g ton, D.C. 20515 CEAR S IR, h AV it.v J UST Li /EJ InkCuun THE HA R nu ni iwG EXPERIEhCE LF THE THREE MILE IS L A!.C NUCL E Ah PJacn P L Ar4 T ACC ID Ei.1, I WCLLD LIKE TC EXPRESS MY CPPu5ITici. TC TnE vJ;II;.VED UaE CF fv u G L E A R PUweR T hE T HREE HILE ISL AND PLA T 5NUULD fiC I oE ALLOhEO TC RE-CPEN. THE PEACH dLT TOM PL ANT H A S AL SJ SUFFERED F RCM NL FERCUS ACCI DE ATS, SEVERAL GF nnICn nERE OF A SE VER E NATLRE. IT SHCLLD BE CLCSED DCWh IM M EC I AT EL Y. ..G MwRE.iEn PL ANT 5 SnsVLJ 6c ALL0nED TC SE BUI L T. IT 15 TIME Thal ALT cRN AT IV E Suun CE J F FUEL sE uE VELUPEO. WE ARE SI T T i hG CA TCP uF i n E L AR G Ex 5T CUAL DEPUalT S IN THE WORLD. IHI S 15 A RESuuRCE T H AT CAN CC LUiGER 6E I GT, G R ed. IT Card AND SHO ULD oE LSED TG PGwER CUR E L ECT RI C AL PCwER PL ANT S T r-ROUG HO UT T H 1 S STATE AND THE NA IIGN. S l ii C E r, EL / .~/ W&' . y./' W^ / ohn E. Schillo J i ^; O1, lr ( ) e

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April 5. lo79 endrie Or. Josenh u Nuclear Regulatory Agency Sox E.V. 450 Vashington, DC 20555 Dr. Hendrie: Olease use the power and authority vested in y by your constituents-to act on behalf of those of us who are'in-creasingly powerless to regulate or control our own destinies. The conditions at the Harrisburg nuclear plant cenand that our leaders think first of the dancers to humanity, rather t5an to the cro#it loss involved. I am not convinced that the danger is any less critical than it was a week ago. It is obvious that the public is only being told what the in-dustry's spokesnen think we should be told. There has been a disquieting pattern of arrogance by industry and government in the last two decades, exposing us to more and more life-threatening hazards and increasing our cynicism and lack cf belief in the credibility of statements made by both entities. The quest for the " big buck" has left us with children dis figured by Thalidomide, endangered the ozone by fluoride gases released from aerosol cans, polluted our rivers with detergents and our air with any nunber of poisons, <illed peco le wi th pesticides and killed wildlife and ruined our beaches with oil spilled from supertankers. Life has become intolerable because of the destruction or deterioratien of our environment, and because of the economic chacs resulting fror the obscene chase for greater profits and power. People, human life mean nothing. If it isn't already too late to reverse our collision course with oblivion, we can at least try to salvage what's left of our world by closing ALL nuclear plants, rega rd l es s of the out-core of events at Harrisburg. No one I know believes that we've heard anything but d'eubletalk"-not only with regard te Harrisburg but from all statenents celating to etents in the last twenty years that have endangered life. Can noney really be worth the agony of watching someone you love endure the suffering from terminal canccr. Have you ever watched a child die of leukemia? Another totally disenfranchised and disenchanted citizen, / 3 fo l Alice Ley and j / q ~' O 4 - f. 732 Cynthia Court -ctsonville, CA c50M

W GENERAL EASTERN ) !NSTRUM ENTS CORPORATION April 5, 1979 Cr. Joseph M. Hendrie, Chairman '; clear Regulatcr'; Com=issier 1717 H.

Street, N.

W. Washington, D. C. 2C555

Dear Dr. Hendrie:

This le tte r addresses a facet of the rep o rte d instru-rentaticn problems, which o ccurred in th e recent Three Mile Island incident. I am writing to ycu directly with the hope that you w;11 circulate this letter tc the appropriate individuals within your organization. The yng in ee r in g News Record for Ap ril 5, 1979, quotes George 2. Tre f f e r,- Manager of Quality Assurance, for Metropolitan Edison, as spe culating "that moisture in the pn euma ti c control system for the valve may have caused it to trip". (P ag e 12, copy attached) 4 i We are ma'nufacturers of moisture de te c tion systems and i

would like to make the following point:

Although many suitable instruments are available on the market, they are often improperly applied. d k. f 3; '{jp' It has been our e xpe rience in dealing with the architec-tural and engineering firms designing nuclear power plants, that they fail to understand the proper app li ca tion o f mois ture-de te cting instrumentation in the plant. Specifically, tney call for moisture datectors in the specification, but then fail to insure that a sample of the gas (or air) to be monitored is flowing through the detector at all times. The re s ult is a perfectly good detection system that senses no t hi ng. One knowledgeable expert in this f.i e l d is Mr. Sabura Hasagawa of the National Bureau of Standards, who could, and perhaps shculd be consulted in situations when moisture detection is of critical importance. If you would like m& to discuss these problems with NRC or DOE Engineers, please have someone on your staff get in teuch with me.

n 3/

I hope my comments are of some help to you. j J s / Sincerely yours, / -j p j/ / e-- ,[g[k /( 4/h - (4 t /*- - Pieter R. Wiederhold ERW/ car President snc.' ~ 26M APLE ST..WCE ATOWrU.1 ASS 02172-617 923 22E6 'P.Y X : GEN EAST 710-327 1444

/ e rr wd rcered E massme de reac-had sohed the pr,hiem The same Vane MNm, d -m ~ -~ _e, , - s,ae s, m a - d much o m:n o - o - ind hopme it smuid mn of :e formation nT hsdrogen and ongen nd crrc the as out an exa p:pe-b. breaking up wuer molecules had sen ma there: re. a was apparenti. consid-t.rqua to reserse itself. Somehow through Odds are that each of the sesen licen"d r cred.wrth he ria As Case said. "It's all pressure c h a n ges, reduced heat or Babcock & Wilcox reactors in the U.S. tr matter of um;ng."- radioacusity, or some combination of all will hase a fail-safe, remote-controlled 2 \\s the snuatien u nfolded Saturday of these vanables, the hydrogen and gas sent installed on the top by the end of t .anc and -he : Sundav. a was inceed a on gen began to chemically bond back this week. p nu:ter of vnm e. N~hme waa done t&:etner into water molect.les. The lack of such a relatiselv simple 2 iurm; tnat ame m al:er the slow cooling Bv Afonday afternoon, the bubble that device to draw otT entical concentrauor.s p. e i f eras ne method beir.g used And hv had thrown much of the East Coast into a of hsdrogen and oxygen cases in a bubble 2 panic had disappeared. But the at the top of the cnppled Three N!ile middat S r.da y, the bubble be :an to near r< snrmi Wr :ie es e-.mne was glad to see it memory of the accident at Three Nii!e Island unit 2 creard the possibdity of a re

o, no one could explain why.

Island is likely to haunt the nation for y ears catastrophe last week from what started v As a tur ed ut, the, ass s of chemistry to come. as a localized mechanical failure. ,a Information gathered from the utility, el the Nuclear Regulatory Corrmission it INRC) reactor operation experts and " TC The unpredictabie atom inEured for S560 million least one reactor manufacturer suggests se that the initial mechamcal failure was p \\ mm e.r.e < i.surance cargan:es. 5. uo to darnage or incurred cost. Also, sendors and all compounded by a series of other equi - P re

rm ee cor. enwnW wng a r.d ;.ahihts scencarv suppliers are excluded from liabih.

ment malfunctions, possible reacmr de-sa ~a ra nt e ' mue> Mat ow n and operate tv :o the pubhc uncer the Pnce-Anderson Act. sign inadequacies and operator contrcl wc. car p erola nts, h aa alrea m s:2r cd T-- language in the aa states that under an decisions at the 900-N!w plant. w n: "e r +e Tnree Niile Is.and wraordmary nudear occurrence" the Nu* A modest beginning. According to mar aw ;;.am academ

c. car Regulatorv Commission can wane sta:e Cecrge J. TrofTer, manager of generatica on Thunca. the cas af:er tne 2x: dent.

law s on netheence (or any uniav defense T 1 qua.,.:y assurance for Nietropolitan Edi- \\mencar., uar Insuren f ol5 se up an fo_nc-d on la e of neghgence) and extend the H2rnsburg and beran nard!ing s:2 ute of limitadons to 50 years. y operator d de plam, & almon hce m 0 instantaneous chain reac' ion of mechani-aa:ms aad wnung checks on the sP to Sull to be answered is the questica of who p

e sons wna could prove expenses for evacua. pap for replacement power for the next few cal failures and automauc responses m

or other damages as a resuh of tht months while the reactor and containment are started at 4 a.m. Wednesday with the di ion \\ plant acadent decontammated, redesfgned and retooled, as-trippmg shut of a condensate poli-her an Nietropohtan Edison, which operates and summg the reactor core does not melt down valse. The valve controls the intake flow i po us a 50% s.are m the plant,is insured to the and no senous hydrogen explosion occurs of wrer, through two main feedwater e bs m he insuran-comb.ne. Niet Ed ins:de the reactor pressure sessel. arnes h-r-u:~:um propem damage msur-N!ct Ed orTiaals say thev plan to pass along "pumos. to the steam cnndensers TrofTer - m s' peculated that moisture in the pneumatic 4 and the ma.nmum to the:r customers the extra cost of buying 19 control system for the valve may have i aatdav me-age, $140 mn, lion. eier nary to replace output from the plant. Fe In accme n ' o e consenuon21 Eat:lity The planned pass-through of this cost is esa I caued it to trig i f After toe feedwater flow was cut to the nsarance Met Ed can :ap other scure s if rn.2ted at 5600.000 per day. . mms eneea.a cos erage. The Pnce-An:er-sen. Gary Hart (D-Colol, head of the steam condensers-which transfer heat pn .n A ct crsec m 195 to assure pnvate Enumnment a-d Publ;e Works Commmee's from the highly pressurued primarv .n incuerv cna :t muH deselop nucica power nuclear regulaaon suocommmee, said last reactor water loop to the secondal y, the umut tear of a cata<trepnic liatth:v cam m ween, "If it w as a failure of design or turbine steam system-an automatic sh-

23e of an accent, proudes for a en cf $5 cons rucuon then i think pnvate industrv shutotf signal went to the turbines. Once n' e

m. hon per. n.x irem uniav ow nen acoss ou pt to pick up the costs of reptacement the turbines tripped there was no steam i

in re muntry. The total q-mto a pool to coser power," adding, "I'm cencerned about the cnming out of the condensers, but heat ca - nacihty clairns in excess of $140 milliott . casual assumpuon that the public ia gomg to .rrom the pnmary loop kept going in. Pr There are 64 reacors in this pool-it hue to pay for the cos s on. buying replace-With on,y m'nimal amounts of heat i Mudes e2riv p ants-bnnging the tota! from ment power." ras sourte to 5320 miloon. Howese, that in a some6 hat parallel situation, Portland being transferred to the dry steam xi plus the 1140.m!! ion in consenuonal General Elen.ne an1 Paa6c Power & !.Jght condensers, emperatures and pressures af merage can be supplememed if necessarv sued Bechtel Power Corp.. San Franc :o, late inside th priman water loop-w hich in.

rcer the Pnce Ancermn Ao to reach the las

year for $32.5 minion, the cet cf busing e % 2 closed thermal system-began trm 3 %0 mdhon :o a' banihtv hrrut im p ed bv pow er dunng the sesen-monts st ardown of to rise. That ca used tr e reac cr to b,

ne la w If necessan. Cen tress would be tne uuhues' 1,130-N!w Trojan nuclear pow-sc;,- the neutron-abs-ung cont ro; meced to arpropriate the daierence Hween e@nt m Rainier, Ore The plant, des 2gned rods dropped between tre bundles of pm ne 5400 muon of insurance and tne imposed aM bush by Becntel, was shut down to correct uranium fuel rods and withm seconds the ..amn hme a setsmic desien flaw in its control buildmg. in %d L. . c! mms exce-d $560 m2Hion, Tne catch-22 to all of this is that alocil f ssmn reaction was stopped. That does not mean that the tempera-P

re aa sas s. C.;ngress should consider putung Harrisburg anunuclear group 6 led a sua m Washmeton. D C., federal ture mside the rer aor dropped, noweser.

4 me caference. mocths ago It a at me c1sset.un of the insurance distnct court claiming that the uulay made a By-products of the splitung of fissionabic g ompanies m :ne c omtee to put c. aims w un-ma:Ae m its enuronmental imoaa statement. U-235, includmg isotopes of iudine, l g c.( neneente on the pan of the If tr,.,e. the phnt mas be alleraHy bcensed and ccsium, strontium and noble gases suc h as I 2 >now in; The, _:e pn m.; now ju.s: un pnnf of tne Pnce-Anaerson Act s ouid not apply. xenon, were still gamg oli atomic paru-um on cles and releasing heat energy into the ^ 12 ENR u. 5. ! W s k/ I

i I cresign and human error crippled the plant reaunr wa:er and the atmosphere inside staned up automatically to feed water to condenser leak and the shock cowng to he sevei the steam condensers. Howeser, a sahe the primary water from the burst o, cool invisible valve ' opening. Seconds after on the line to one of the condensers failed water going to the condenser, causet. a me reacar was automatically shut down, to open. That showed up in the control further drop m the pressure in below pr~sures m the pnmar. loop. normally room. and an operator was sent to a 1,600 psi. At th at point, th..e high-2.350 pst i_ p,

rew to b that building next to the reactor containment capaaiy, makeup-water pumps that com-pnt. an e!earomaeneacalh control!ed. structure to open the vahe by hand. He pnse the emergency core-coohng system

-;n sahe opened at tne top of the succeeded. but there is strong suspicion (ECCS) automaucally kicked in to boost ra nt cre<suruer (a surge n stem) to that when the burst of cold water hit the pressure in the pnmary svstem. r Mese the mer-nrenwe in ine primary superheated steam condenser pipes, some Ramming iri coolant. That hich-pres. l w cer w p Tnat vahe rs supposed to of them cracked. This released radioactive sure system -each pump is rated at close w hen pressures drop to 2,300 psi. It primary reactor water into the secondary 88.000 gpm and develops a 350-ft c!raed but ca not seat properly. Because steam line leading to the turbine, centam-head-rammed water into the reactor t dosed. a momtci in the operator control inating that system. The damaged steam, sessel to reduce temperatures and Loost %m 6 w -d the nhe openmg was generator was esentually segregated and pressures back to normal. At some n.' e d I: 4 as na and pressures in the pnmary reactor water was shumed to a point-iniual repors from NRC say th e pnmarv imp dropped is a result of the backup steam generato. minutes after the ECCS kicked in-opera-re: case nt radinanne water out of the The contmued drawdown of pressure tors shut otf the high pressure ECC5 un e and nmo the containment thr. in the primary system due to the pressur-system and began to try to balance pres. Mear.w nne. tw o sets of backup pumps izer sahe leak, when added to the steam sures in the reactor sessel by manuallv The history of unit 2: A fateful chain of abnormalincidents O g raan.: esgnence at the unit 2 rwur at N"**' Three %ie hiand nuclear plant has been crw wc. marxed by a senes of mishaps that ber --pq lg i caech on tne chain rescuan of mechanical us eussa .rhg'!) 7 . t,A [ and alleged operator failures that enpp!ed the q M, ( ^Q[]j j r. pow erplam !ast week. g E.mr.ca.n de Nuclear Regulatory Commis- '5 s =cm.: w o. i nen's "G.as Be ' of abnormal mcidents at [ -- Il EN perannt reacten te!! the story from Oct. 14, ! cms * '-M U bD )..j $,_ f 'h 197R. w nen se reacor was being tested, ur~l (~[ Fer n !W more than a mend after it was ,1 I my,,s g Lcensec for commercal occaaan Bneth, the 1 1 %t [h f "* N ar em utunon at the piant w as aused bv a j p t'! arodem m a cendensate poirsr.er vahe that I t faw k y i "'^c'" ncoed two ma:n fe-owa:er pur es suppHng y 1 i me ptam s stear. andense s. The turbmes snut dow n a! tcrulh, the reactor scram-h j c ? h -ed 2nd nergency ccre cooling pumos were

r:gge~d after a seme pressure drop wu as.acToa coow

\\ -2 cm.o ws. e caused by a faulty reisef vahe m the system's l pressunzer. Condensale polisher valve closed inpping feedwater pump (1). then These are the latest entnes avadable from N RC's othctal '00 rehef valve (2) faded to seat prCDerty, and steam tubes (3) cracked. Oct.14,1978-The turcine tnpped due to 2 feedwater pump prooiem. Th reac:or then Dec. 2,1978-Feedwater flow was lost Subsequently, the condenser vacuum deeraaed npped due to manual overcompensauon for while shifting feedwater pump for turbine l A for an undetermmed ca u se, resuinng in he turbme tnp The umi was down for 12 4 from auxiliary steam to mam steam. Unit tumme bypass valve closure and IJun< of.he ho u rs. down 1.7 hours. ummphenc relief vahes Dunng it.is iran. Nov. 3,1978-1.ms of pow er to condensate Dec. 2, 1978-Turbme in pped w hen sient, huh atmosphenc ' uci sahe pipmg ,, aner s aa es Unit dcu n 46 75 hours condensate polisher vahe was inadsenently bellows ruptured. Tne s.at w as ple ed.n Nov. 7,1978-Car.Lasate rxoster pump pos:uoned to the full open posinon. Unit duwn ccid shutdu.n. Power operanons

• ere not ug ped, ineretn trippine the feedw ater 4 8 hours.

resumed unal Jan. 31. a..ms. T"e ar.a w as dow n for 370.4 hours. Dec. 16, 1979-Turbine tnpped due to Feb. 6,197% At 4 40 p m. the feedw- % ier.nrucal soro6anons were exceeded, loss of feedwater pump 18. Umt down 146 pump IB :npped and the urut autonu.iauv and tne pr-ssunzer aas nu empued/ sa vs hours. ran down to 55f. power Power -as resmred u c. Jan. 15,1979-ibcense for wmmerctal At 8.05 p m. :he same pump inpped.ucam At Dec. 1,1978-Condensaie boouer pump operabon was tisued by NRC on Dec. 30 that point the operator msesui,tated tne pumpi t r. t

• r Mr cow n ie-cw a:er pumps. Tne 1978) A routine turbine tnp test w as low sucuan inp prenure swuches No fur her m a cor 27.2 hours.

conducted at 15T. power dunng plant startup. mformanon was reecrced. a m, 4 r 3 - 6 / -4 1, i

vwy w*r.aud+vw ev .*y,., p2 M F 'h? I "CKERNCN j i f $ d N _$ J6 g ~ l gym = 4.%,ge -rqu tvyr,)prJ. ico SUEREY CT pu, 2.,,.m e tTn.,

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