ML17332A256
| ML17332A256 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Cook  |
| Issue date: | 08/10/1994 |
| From: | Fitzpatrick E INDIANA MICHIGAN POWER CO. (FORMERLY INDIANA & MICHIG |
| To: | NRC OFFICE FOR ANALYSIS & EVALUATION OF OPERATIONAL DATA (AEOD) |
| References | |
| AEP:NRC:80011, NUDOCS 9408220309 | |
| Download: ML17332A256 (40) | |
Text
P'R.IC) R.IMV CCELERATED RIDS PROCESSING)
REGULATORY INFORMATJ.ON DXSTRIBUTION SYSTEM (RIDS)
ACCESSION NBR:9408220309 DOC.DATE: 94/08/10.
NOTARIZED:
NO DOCKET FACXL:50-315 Donald C.
Cook Nuclear Power Plant, Unit 1, Indiana M
05000315 50-316 Donald C.
Cook Nuclear Power Plant, Unit. 2, Indiana M
05000316 AUTH.NAME AUTHOR AFFXLIATXON P
FXTZPATRICK,E.
Xndiana Michigan Power Co.
(formerly Indiana
& Michigan Ele RECIP.NAME RECIPIENT AFFILIATION Incident. Response Branch
SUBJECT:
Forwards 1994 emergency info calendar for Berrien County.
I DXSTRXBUTXON CODE:
A045D COPXES RECEXVED:LTR Q ENCL /0 SXSE:
3 TITLE: OR Submittal:
- Plans, Xmplement'g Procedures, C
NOTES:
RECXPIENT XD CODE/NAME PD3-1 PD INTERNAL: NRR/DRSS/PEPB RE~SEE 01 EXTERNAL: NOAC COPIES LTTR ENCL 1
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1 RECIPIENT ID CODE/NAME HICKMAN,J NUDOCS-ABSTRACT NRC PDR COPIES LTTR ENCL 1
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NOTE TO ALL"RIDS" RECIPIENTS:
PLEASE HELP US TO REDUCE WASTE! CONTACTTHE DOCUMENTCONTROL DESK, ROOM P!-37 (EXT. 504-2083 ) TO ELIMINATEYOUR NAME FROM DISTRIBUTIONLISTS I'OR DOCUMENTS YOU DON'T NEED!
TOTAL NUMBER OF COPIES REQUIRED:
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Indiana i'ilichigan Power Company P.O. Box 16631 Columbus, OH 43216 lNQMMA NfCMMQM PQWM AEP:NRC:80011 Donald C.
Cook Nuclear Plant Uni'ts 1 and 2
Docket Nos.
50-315 and 50-316 License Nos.
DPR-58 and DPR-74 SITE-SPECIFIC AND STATE EMERGENCY PLANNING INFORMATION U ~
S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Chief, Incident Response Branch Office for Analysis and Evaluation of Operational Data Washington, D.CD 20555 August 10, 1994
Dear Sir:
In response to Administrative Letter 94-07, we are enclosing ten (10) copies of our 1994 Emergency Information Calendar for Berrien County.
These calendars are the means by which we disseminate basic emergency planning information annually to those members of the public within the plume exposure pathway emergency planning zone.
The state and local emergency plans are controlled and updated by the appropriate state and county agencies.
Our site emergency plan contains brief outlines of the county and state plans.
- However, the appropriate county and state government agencies should be contacted to obtain current copies of the county and state plans and to be placed on distribution lists for future updates.
Sincerely, E.
E. Fitzpatrick Vice President bib Attachments cc:
A.
AD Blind G. Charnoff J.
B. Martin - Region III NFEM Section Chief f Q 0 g Q Q NRC Resident Inspector J
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Emergencgnformation index Please read this booklet. Then give it to all Family members, visitors or employees ofyour business or establishment to read.
Make sure everyone is familiarwith its contents.
Keep it handy for use and review throughout the year in case of a serious emergency in Berrien County.
This booklet contains information that would bc important for residents and visitors to Berrien County in any serious emergency. It is specifically for people who live, work or go to school within 10 mi!es ofthe Cook Nuclear Plant at Bridgman. It also contains information that would be useful to area farmers, food processors and distributors in an emergency.
This 1994Emergensy Informsssion Ctkndssr was prepared by Indiana Michigan Power Company (18cM) in cooperation with the Berrien County SherifF Department's OAice ofEmergency Preparedness and thc Emergency Management Division ofthe Michigan Department ofState Police. This edition re/ssrcsall pretsious sssucs.
Ifyou have questions about anything in this booklet, need morc information about emergency planning or just want extra copies, call or write any ofthe oliices below:
Cook Energy Information Center Box 115 Bridgman, Michigan 49106 Telephone: (616) 465-6101 or 983-2028 During an emergency...
Page Ifyou hear sirens.....
~.. ~ ~..~............,..
~.. ~..,.......................
~. 3 Boaters/Campers.............................
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
3 Vacationers/Visitors...................
~~..................~...............
3 Special Needs...........~..........................,.......,...........,...
4 ftold to seek shelter............~......~..........,..................,...
4 I
Iftold to evacuate.
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ o ~ 5 Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ)...................................7 Reception centers Evacuation routes Notice to farmers, food processors, distributors,..............
8 Emergency phone numbers......................~......
~~....,....,.. 6 Personal instructions, supplies....,..................,................
6 Indiana Michigan Power Peoples State Bank Building 830 Pleasant Street St. Joseph, Michigan 49085 Telephone: (616) 927-2461 1994 Plannmg Calendar..............,...
~ ~..,. ~~.......,.............
15 Before an emergency...
Indiana Michigan Power 606 Redbud Trail Buchanan, Michigan 49107 Telephone: (616) 695-3841 OAicc ofEmergency Preparedness Berrien County ShcriFs Department 919 Port Street St. Joseph, Michigan 49085 Telephone: (616) 983-7141 Qo.
~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ oe 29
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ so ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 3 1
~ 33 Advance planning.
Nuclear emergency terms......................................,.....
30 Facts about radiation.
About Cook Nuclear Plant...........
~.~........
Printed on recycled paper.
6
- llil'yoU Ideal" slens
~ Tune to one ofthese 7V or radio stations'immediately.
You willbe told ifthere is a serious emergency in Berrien County.
WNDU-TV16 WHFB-AM 1060 WHFB-FM 99.9 WAUS-FM 90.7 WSBT-TV22 WNII AM 1290 WAOR-FM 95.3 WEFM-FM 95.9 WSJV-TV 28 WSJM-AM 1400 WIRX-FM 107 WCSE-FM 97.5 WCSY-AM 940 WCSY-FM 98.3
~ Follow all broadcast instructions promptly.
You willbe told what actions you should take, ifany.
~ Iftold to seek shelter, stay indoors Follow broadcast instructions and read page 4.
~ Iftold to evacuate, leave as soon as you can.
Follow broadcast instructions and read page 5.
~ Ifyou are boating on Lake Michigan and hear sirens, don't wait for further warning. Tune to marine channel 16 (156.8 MHz) or to a radio station above for emergency information. Marine patrol boats also willwarn boaters on Lake Michigan ifthere's a serious emergency. You willbe told the location ofsafe waterways and docking areas.
~ Ifyou are camping, hiking, swimming or visiting at Warren Dunes State Park or Weko Beach, you willbe warned of a serious emergency by sirens. At Warren Dunes, the park public address system or mobile alert units also may be used.
Please followall emergency instructions from park officials.
QQ Vacationers/Visitors
~ Ifyou are vacationing or visiting in the area and hear sirens, seek shelter indoors or in your vehicle immediately. But stay out ofyour vehicle in a weather emergency; it's not safe! Tune to one ofthe TVor radio stations above for emergency instructions. Follow all directions given by park officials, sheriffand police officers.
Remember, the carly-warning sirens are used to alert you ofa serious nuclear accident, chemical spill, wca'ther emergency or other possibly dangerous condition in Berricn County. Thc warning qirens willsound from three to five minutes.
In Berrien County, the sirens are tested on the first Saturday ofthe month at 1 p.m. The test consists ofa short siren sound lasting less than a minute.
I Many voluntccr fire departments'irens also may sound for less than a minute, but usually the call is repeated.
Don't act on rumor or suspicion. Tune to the above TVand radio stations whenever you hear sirens.
Allofthe above stations take part in the local News Media Notification System (which is similar to the national Emergency Broadcast System) and will broadcast emergency information.
However, some stations could experience a few minutes delay in getting out emergency information due to computerized programming or limited broadcast scheduling. Check all listed stations until you find onc broadcasting emergency information.
The sirens arc controlled by thc Berrien County Sheriffs OAicc of Emergency Preparedness.
Ifyou notice a siren has been damaged or is not working, plcasc call them at 983-7141 at once to report it foryour own protection, plcasc.
Special Needs
~ Ifyou have Special Needs because you (or whomever you identify) are blind, hearing impaired, handicapped or need transportation in an emergency, fillout and mail the enclosed Special-Needs postcard (opposite page 2) even ifyou sent in a card, in the past.
Or, have someone fill out and mail the card for you.
Since transportation resources willbc limiied in an emergency, only people who truly need help should send in a card.
V/hen you mail thc Special-Needs
- card, the Berrien County Health Department willkeep the information on file for one year. Special warning or protective actions then can be taken for you (or whomever you identify) in a serious emergency in Berrien County.
But since cards are kept on file for only a year, anyone with Special Needs must complete and return a card annually when this booklet is issued.
IIII toll@I% seek slhelteu'.;.
- -Stay indoors until you are told it is safe to go out.
Close all windows and doors.
~ Turn offall air-intakesystems like fans, air conditioning or combustion heating and fireplace dampers.
Shelter pets andanimals, ifpossible.
~ Tune to the TVand radio stations on page 3 for emergency instructions.
~ Don't go outside to see what's happening. Ifyou must go outdoors brieflyto warn someone during a nuclear emergency, cover your nose and mouth with a piece ofcloth such as a towel or scarf.
Don't use the telephone unless there is a serious need.
~ Don't try to pick up children at school.
school staffs willkeep children in school untilitis safe to go out again.
~ Don't worryifyou are in a hospital or other special~e facility.You willbe protected.
~ DOnt paniCI It's your worst enemy in an emergency.
Remember, for most emergencies, it's safer to stay indoors.
-That' because toxic fumes and gases usually pass in a short time in the direction the wind is blowing. And, during severe weather emergencies, buildings offer the best protection, especially basements.
~r
~ Leave ifyou can But listen closely to the TVand radio stations on page 3 to be sure you are included in the evacuation area.
Check the map on page 7, It shows cities, evacuation routes and reception centers in Berrien County.
~ Listen for locations and directions to reception centers. Allfour reception centers on page 7 may not be open. Listen to a TVor radio station on page 3 to find out which reception centers are open. You and your familyshould go to an announced reception center to register. After registering, you can stay with relatives or friends who live outside the danger area.
Or, ifyou prefer, you willbe assigned to a congregate-care center.
~ Prepare to leave calmly! Evacuate does not mean "run for it!" You and your familyshould have time to get ready safely o Take only essential items, Pack as ifyou were going on a trip for a few days.
~ Dont take firearms, alcoholic beverages or illegal drugs.
~ Don't try to pick up children at school or friends and family members in hospitals or other special-care facilities. Ifnecessary, they willbe taken to shelters outside the danger zone. Listen for instructions on the TVand radio stations on page 3 about where and when they can be picked up, ifnecessary, when it is safe.
Don't worryifyou are in a hospital or other special-care facility. You willbe protected. Ifyou have Special Needs and previously sent in a postcard, you willreceive necessary assistance. Ifyou want help, listen to a TVor radio station on page 3 for the telephone number you can calL Don't take pets with you unless you'e staying with relatives or friends who will accept them. Sfielters willnot accept pets.
Leave pets at home indoors with a few days'upply offood and water. Ifyou do have a place to take pets, don't forget to bring pet food, medicines, leashes and tags.
~ Shelter livestock, ifpossible.
Make sure they have enough stored feed and well water to last two or three days. Listen to a TVor radio station on page 3 for additional livestock information. Also read page 8.
~ Turn offsmall appliances, lights and water faucets.
~ Turn down the furnace or shut offfans, air conditioning and all air-intake systems.
i ~ Lock all windows and doors.
The evacuated area willbe secured and you will not be allowed to return until it is safe.
~ Check on neighbors.
Make sure they know to evacuate and have transportation.
Some items you may need:
~l~d' blankets, pillows, sleeping bay.
~o'le yes soap, towels, toothpaste, toothbrushes, razors, sanitary supplies.
Q~entia 'his Emergency Information Calmer'ortable radio, flashlight, extra baueries, keys, tool kit, bank books, checkbook, cash, wallet, purse.
~c~ia aliis baby formula, diet foods, diapers, bottles, favorite toys or games.
~ea t~u>gfjes medicines, glassa, dentures, hearing aid, first-aid kit.
Idedtifjcat~o'river' license, credit cards, imponant personal items.
Once you'e in your uehi cle...
~ Close all windows and vents. Shut ofFheating or air conditioning.
~ Drive carefully. Follow directions ofall sherifF, police and traffic officers.
~ Continue to listen to emergency insuuaions on your car or portable radio.
You willbe told when it is safe to return.
Notes List phone numbers for police, sheriff fire department, ambulance, doctors, hospital and other persons or services you and your family may need to call in a personal emergency. Ifyou need help during a serious emergency in Berrien County, listen to a TVor radio station on page 3 for the special telephone number to call.
Name of erson or service Tele hone number" Emergency Scruices Nuclear emergency only 911 925-2991 Personal instructions, supplies I
List below any special instructions or supplies for you or your familyin an emergency.
Don't forget to take the items suggested on page 5. Ifyou have Special Needs, mail the enclosed postcard immediately.
.,Emergency Planing Zone (EPZ)
COLONS I
I I
BAINBRIDOE The area (yellow circle) within a 10-mile radius of the Cook Nuclear Plant at Bridgman is called the Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ). The early-warning siren system for Berrien County is located within the EPZ. People outside the EPZ willbe alerted, if necessary in an emergency, by the TVand radio stations on page 3.
ENEROY INFORMATION CENTER COOK NuCLEAR PLANT WARREN DTINES
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I BDCHANAN Reception centers, Evacuation routes Iftold to evacuate, you and your familyshould register at one ofthe four reception centers below so relatives and f'ricnds will know where you are.
Listen to a TVor radio station on page 3 to find out which reception centers are open.
Follow the evacuation routes in rcd on the map at left to an announced reception center.
- 1. Coloma High School Red Arrow Highway 2 Watervliet High School Red Arrow Highway Watervliet I
TINt2 I
4 NEIV I
THREE OAKS Ntw BDFFALO
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Evacuation Routes tillVAlltVRO.
OALIEN I
I STATE OF INDIANA BERTRAND 0
I 2
- 3. Brandywine High School 1620 LaSalle Avenue Niles
- 4. Ncw BufFalo High School 222 S. Whittaker Street New BufFalo
Summary The public could be exposed to radioactive material in several ways followinga nuclear incident. At first, particles and gases rdeased into the air could be ingcstcd or inhaled directly.
Additional exposure could result from consumption offood or milkcontaminated by traces ofradioactive material.
Farmers, food processors and distributors willbc required to take steps to address the matter offood-supply contamination.
Proper actions willensure that contamination is minimized or avoided.
Ifyouarc akrtcd to a nttckar ctncrgcncy by roaming sirens or by some other means, tune to a VVor radio station on page 3forinformation irnntcdiatcly.
You may also want to contact your Cooperative Extension Service agent or the Michigan Department ofAgriculture for specific information. Locations and telephone numbers of local Cooperative Extension Service offices are listed on page 14.
Do not destroy any animals, crops, milkor fccd supplies unless directed to do so. The environmental damage caused by a nudear incident may be short-livetL Steps can generally be taken to make a fullrecovery.
~ Motioe toOrmers, food,
.Prooessors, distrilbotors Protecting the food supply during a nuclear emergency This portion ofthe Emergency Information Calendar outlines plans to protect thc food supply in thc event ofa nuclear cmcrgcncy. Information in this section includes the following:
~ Howyou wiH be, notified in a nuclear emergency.
~ Actions which may be necessary to protect the food supply.
~ Who to contact for more information.
How you willbe notified in a nuclear emergency Public warning process The State ofMichigan is responsible for evaluating the severity ofa'nuclear
'nciden and ordering actions to protect the public and thc food supply. Ifyou livewithin 10 miles ofthe Cook Plant, your firstwarning may bc thc sounding oflocal emergency sirens. Ifyou hear a st'ron, tune to a radio or TV station listed on page' for cmcrgcncy information. Ifyou live further than 10 miles from thc plant, you willbe notified by area radio and TVstations, if necessary, or by a Cooperative Extension Service official.
Ifyou have questions about a real or potential emergency, please contact the Michigan Department ofAgriculture.
Actions which may be necessary to protect the food supply Data collection helps determine protective actions Following an accidental rclcasc ofradioactive material, cmcrgcncy workers from the Michigan Department ofHealth and the Michigan Department ofAgriculture willcollect air, water and soil samples to determine the existence, amount and location ofany contamination.
Samples ofmilk, forage, crops and processed foods als'o may be obtained.
Field data and other factors willbe used by the state to determine thc best course ofaction to protect thc public and thc food supply.
Because naturally occurring radioactive materials can always bc found in the environment, Indiana Michigan Power and thc Michigan Dcpartmcnt ofPublic Health conduct a continuous program to sample air, water, milk, vegetation and animal life near thc Cook Plant. In this way, they arc able to establish a baseline for comparison in the event ofa nuclear emcrgcncy.
The area designated for post-accident environmental sampling could extend as far as 50 miles from the plant site. Specific instructions regarding the collection and testing process willbe made available to farmers, food processors and distributors in the affected area by the Michigan Department ofAgriculture.
Sheltering in an emergency Ifyou are told to take shcltcr because ofa nuclear emergency, limityour outdoor activities as much as possible.
Refer to page 5 ofthis booklet for sptx:ific actions you and your Family should take for personal protection.
Steps to protect the food supply are different and are outlined in this section ofthe booklet.
9 Who pays for lost or destroyed farm products?
Farmers, food processors and distributors could face serious financial losses followinga nuclear incident. However, federal law ensures that such losses willbe reimbursed.
The Price-Anderson Act, enacted by Congress in 1957, requires the operators ofnuclear-power plants and certain other nuclear facilitics purchase nuclear liabilityinsurance policies for the protection ofthe public. As a result, no-fault insurance pools are in place to pay claims promptly without lengthy court hearings.
Claimants need only prove that the injury or property damage resulted from the nuclear emergency.
Commercial insunncc policies exclude covenge for nuclear accidents because Price-Anderson's provisions make such coverage unnecessary.
Contamination and radiation The term "contamination" means, quite simply, radioactive material is where it is not supposed to be. Food, water or air is considered contaminated if it conuins more or different types ofndioactive material than would normally be present.
Our bodies, for example, contain very small amounts of the ndioactive elements potassium 40, carbon 14 and tritium. However, we arc not considered to be contaminated because these elements exist within us naturally. On the other hand, the presence of strontium 90 (a possible by-product ofa nuclear-power plant accident) in food, air or water may be indicative ofcontamination.
"Radiation refers to the particles and waves given offby radioactive material. The radiation given off by conuminants could be considered harmful ifthe levels are high enough and the exposure lasts long enough (sec page 32).
How contamination can occur Dust-sized radioactive particles released into the air during a nuclear incident could fall on fruits, vegetables or grains which could enter the food supply and be eaten by the public. For example, dairy cows and goats could eat grasses covered with radioactive iodine 131. Traces ofthe iodine could be passed through to thc milkand then to consumers.
Iodine 131 has the potential to concentrate in the human thyroid gland where it
LVhat to do ifan eiouationis ordered, Ifyou live within 10 miles ofthe Cook Plant, you could bc asked fo evacuate the area in a nuclear incident (std page 5). Ifyou must leave your animals, be sure to provide enough well water and feed to sustain them until they can be cared for again. You may bc permitted, at thc direction of the state, to re-enter the evacuated area temporarily to tend to thc nccds of your farm. You willreceive instructions on what routes to usc, safety precautions and decontamination procedures.
Your Coopcrativc Extension Scrvicc agent can provide animal health and fccding guidance.
Protection oflivestock It is essential that priority be given to protecting dairy animals because radioactive materials can quickly cntcr thc food chain through milk and other dairy products. Ifsheltering is rcquircd, shcltcr these animals first.
Shelter livestock in covcrcd barns or sheds unless extrcmcly hot wcathcr or other factors make this impossible.
Provide your animals stored feed such as hay, silage and bagged grain. Whenever possible, animals should bc provided water drawn from wells. Open sources such as ponds, creeks or rivers should be avoided ifpossible.
These protective measures willminimize thc amount of radioactive material availablc to your animals.
Since evacuation offarm animals willnot normally be possible after a nuclear incident,
>!j,'< h<' j shcltcring and thc use ofstored feed and well water are the most effective means oflimiting contamination.
Poultry. are more resistant to radioactive contamination than other farm animals.
Since most arc raised in confined facilities and rcccivc stored fccd and well water, they can be sheltered in their existing structures. Ifyour poultry animals arc normally kept outdoors, they should be brought inside ifpossible.
Egg shells provide natural protection from contamination.
Generally, eggs willbe safe to eat after the shells arc washed to rcmove surface contaminants.
Ifanimals have been exposed to radioactive particles carried by winds or rain from the accident site, they should be washed with uncontaminated water before being brought into a shelter.
10
Do not destroy any animals unless directed to do so by state or federal authorities. Do not slaughter any animals except for immediate food needs.
Generally, animals that are exposed to radioactive contaminants and rain water willsurvive and may be marketable and safe for human consumption.
Do not allow animals to graze in open fields unless you arc advised to do so by the State ofMichigan, your Cooperative Extension Service agent or other governmental oHicial.
Contaminated feed Only in extrcme emergcncics may contaminated grain or hay be used for feed. Ifyou must use fccd which has been identified as contaminated, you may be able to reduce the level ofcontamination.
For cxamplc, ifthe feed was stored outside, thc contamination may be grcatcr at or near the surface ofthe feed pile. Removal ofthe top portion may greatly rcducc thc amount ofcontamination prcscnt.
Do not dispose ofcontaminated feed or hay because it may be salvageable
~
over time. You should, however, keep it separated from non-contaminated feed supplies and animals so the contamination is not spread.
Contact your Cooperative Extension Service agent for guidance.
Mfater supplies Store as much water as possible for livestock. Cover open wells, tanks and other storage containers to prevent or limitcontamination.
Close off thc intakes from contaminated water sources (ponds, streams or cisterns) to prevent circulation ofcontaminated water. Generally, water from wells and water heaters should bc safe to use.
Unless soils arc highly pcrmcable, contaminants dcpositcd on thc ground willnormally travel very slowly into the soil. Contaminants may fall directly onto the surface oflakes and rivers where they can infiltrate ground water supplies. Streams and.lake currents can transport contaminants many miles in a few hours.
Fish and marine life Fish and other marine life raised in ponds, or taken from rivers, streams or lakes may continue to bc harvested unless thc Michigan Dc'partmcnt of Natural Rcsourccs, thc Michigan Department ofAgriculture or the Michigan Department ofPublic Health have determined, through laboratory analysis ofsamples, that they arc contaminated.
Crops in the field~
Standing crops generally should bc allowed to grow to maturity. Thc level ofradiation exposure to plants that is likelyto occur willnot affec their growth. Most contaminants willbe washed off b rain or willdiminish in strength naturally to safe levels during the growing process. Ifspecial harvesting procedures arc ncccssary, your Cooperative Extension Service agent willadvise you.
Pasture and forage plants usually retain very littleofthe radioactive material dcpositcd on them. The extent to which they collect and retain contaminants dcpcnds on the amount and type ofcontaminants involved, foliage characteristics and the amount ofrain and wind occurring after the nuclear incident.
Fruits and vegetables in the field Unprotcctcd plants may have particles ofcontaminants on their surfaces.
Leaves, pods and fruits should be washed, brushed, scrubbed or peeled bcforc eating. Some leafy vegetables may bc eaten after removal ofthe outer layers and thorough washing.
Ripe fruits and vcgctables may be lost through spoilage ifhigh levels of contamination prevent field workers from harvesting them. Those that do not need to bc harvested immediately can be salvaged later when the area is safe for harvesting.
Honey and apiary products Honey and bee hives should be sampled and analyzed by the Michigan Department ofPublic Health and thc Michigan Department ofAgriculture ifradioactive contamination is detcctcd in the area.
Contact your Cooperative Extension Service agent for guidance.
Roots and tubers Potatoes, carrots and similar plants can generally be eaten after they are thoroughly washed and peeled to remove soil particles and contaminants.
Contaminated farm products Ifparticles ofradioactive material are present in large amounts, you may be advised not to usc, consume or sell garden produce or animal products until the environment and food products are sampled and assessed by the 12
Michigan Dcpartmcnt ofPublic Health an Michigan Department of Agriculture.
The presence ofcontamination may not mean that all ofyour crops will be lost. Iodine 131, an element produced in nuclear plants that could bc rclcascd accidentally, loses halfofits radioactivity in eight days.
MilkContamination Milkcontaminated at low levels by iodine 131 may be converted to powdered milkor cheese and then stored while the iodine's radioactivity diminishes. It also may be usable as animal feed.
Do not destroy food or feed unless spoilage has made it inedible.
Generally, contaminated products may bc salvagcablc after adcquatc time passes and they are properly processed.
Your Cooperative Extension Service agent can provide specific information.
Other plants or wildlife Wild plants, such as native herbs, mushrooms, dandelion greens,
(
spearmint, pepper-r mint or wintcrgrcen l
may have particles of contamination on their surfaces.
They should be washed, brushed, scrubbed or peeled bcforc cating.
Wild game, such as deer, rabbit, squirrel, pheasant or partridge may have ingested contaminants through their normal browse.
You may bc advised by thc Michigan Department ofNatural Resources, the Michigan Department ofPublic Health or the Michigan Department ofAgriculture not to consume wild game until it has bccn sampled and assessed as safe.
<<+g 13
IIYeather and time'Q~y a ilrt Who'o contact for Noi'9 lAfoi'matlon Cooperative Fxtenslon Service Agents near Cook Piant Berrien County Cooperative Extension Service 5060 St. Joseph Avenue Stevensville, Michigan Telephone: (616) 429-2425 Benton Harbor Project Benton Harbor, Michigan Telephone: (616) 925-3948 Ifyou have questions about a real or potential emergency, you also can contact the local Michigan Department ofAgriculture:
Michigan Department ofAgriculture 4032 M-139 St. Joseph, Michigan Telephone: (616) 428-2546 gl radioactive materials lose their radioactivity'ver time. 'Inert gases
'eleased from commercial nudear-power plants lose their radioactivity in a matter ofminutes, for example. Wind or heavy rain tend to remove radioactive material rapidly from plant surfaces.
In some cases, however, hard rain fallingon contaminated soil could splash the soil onto plant surfaces, thus increasing the amount ofradioactive material on low-standing plants.
Soil recovery Several steps may be taken to restore soils contaminated in a nuclear incident. Non-use for a period oftime may be required. In a worst-case situation, heavily contaminated soil may require removal and disposal elsewhere. Such drastic action may not be feasible for large fields, but may be appropriate for small plots or areas such as walkways near buildings where frequent human contact is likely. In less-severe situations, fiber crops may be planted instead 'offruits and vegetables.
Deep plowing may be employed to keep radioactive contaminants below the root zone while the radioactivity decays over time. Limingmay be used to limitthe absorption ofspecific radioactive elements by crops. The Soil Conservation Service of the U.S. Department ofAgriculturewillprovide farmers with guidance as to the best means ofrestoring valuable soils to productive use.
Food processors and distributors Following a radiological emergency, governmental officials may restrict the movement offood products and withhold them from the marketplace if they are found to be contaminated. These products should not be released until they are considered to be safe for consumption or until a decision has been made to dispose ofthem. You willbe instructed on how to safely handle and dispose ofcontaminated food products by the Michigan Department ofAgriculture.
14
EHZME Please use this calendar for your 1994 planning needs and for a glance ahead.
at the year 1995 on page 28.
Ifyou keep this calendar handy for use throughout the year, it should be easier to find in case you need itfor a serious emergency in Berrien County. It's also a good. idea to review the emergency information in this booklet from time to time so you and your family are familiarwith its content.
SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY Tune to a TVor radio station on page 3 for emergency informotion when euer you hear sirens.
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New Year's Day 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Martin Luther King Jr. Day Cook Center opens 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
SUNDAY MONDAY'UESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY JANUARY SM TW T
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10 Uncoln's Birthday 13 14 16 17 18 Valentine's Day AshWednesday Sports Card &
Comic Book Show Cook Center 20 21 22 23 24 26 Sports Card &
Comic Book Show Cook Center Weshlngton-Uncoln Day Washington's Blrthda 27 28
~ggggg WNDIJTV16 WHFBAN1060 WHFB-FM99.9 WAUS-FM90.7 WSBT-TV22 WNILAM1290 WAOR-FM95.3 WEFM-FM95.9 rudiO WSJV-TV28 WSJN-AM1400 WIRX-FM107 WCSE-FM97.5 WCSY-AM%0 WCSY-FM98.3
SUNDAY MONDAY TUEsDAY WEDNEsDAY THURsDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY FESAUAAT SM TW T
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9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Siress test-pp.sss.
10 12 Amish Country'how Cook Center 13 14 16 17 19 Amish Country Show Cook Center St. Patrtclt's Day Health Fair Cook Center 20 22 23 24 25 26 Health Fair Cook Center 27 Palm Sunday Passover 28 29 30 31 Iftold to seek shelter, stay indoors, follout broadcast instructions and read'page 4.
SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY Iftold to evacuate, leave right atoay, follosv broadcast instructions and read page 5.
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9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Good Frtday Sirett rett2 Ip.m.
Easter Sunday Michiana Orchid Society Show Cook Center 10 12 13 15 16 Michiana Orchid Society Show Cook Center 18 19 20 21 22 23 Antique Show Cook Center 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Antique Show Cook Center
SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY siren test7 1p.m.
10 12 13 14 Mother's Day Model Train, Plane & Auto Show Cook Center 15 16 17 18 20 21 Model Train, Plane &Auto Show Cook Center Armed Forces Day 22 23 25 26 27 28 29 30 Memorial Day 31 APRIL SM TW T
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'19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 JUNE SM TW T
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91011 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 3fake a Iistofemergency phone numbers, yersonaI instntctions and suppIies.
Use page 6
SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY Study the map ofthe Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ) and locations ofreception centers on page 7.
Siren test4 1 p.m.
Bern'en Towne &
Country Quilters Show Cook Center Bem'en Towne &
Country Quilters Show Cook Center Frontier Days Cook Center 12 Frontier Days Cook Center 13 14 Gast, Handy, WhitlowArt Exhibit begins at Cook Center Flag Day 15 16 17 18 20 22 23 24 Father's Day Gast, Handy, WhitlowArt Exhibit ends at Cook Center Varied Arts &
Crafts Show Cook Center 26 Varied Arts &
Crafts Show Cook Center 27 28 Carol Shahboz A Exhibit begins at Cook Center 29 30 MAY SM YW 7
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9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 JULY sM rw r F
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SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY Ifyos4 have Special Needs, read page 4.
JUNE SM TW T
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9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 AUGUST SM TW T
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9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Sirers tesr Ip.m.
IndeI7endence Day 10 12 13 14 16 Carol Shahboz Art Exhibit ends at Cook Center Bob WilliamsArt Exhibit begins at Cook Center 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Bob WilliamsArt Exhibit ends at Cook Center Flower Show
& Sale Cook Center Flower 24 8 Sale em'en Cook rtists Center
~ui!dExhibit 3" cook ctr.
25 26 Berrien Artists Guild Exhibit begins at Cook Center 27 28 29 30
SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY JULY SM TW T
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9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 2S 29 30 31 Charlotte Bass Quilt Exhibit begins at Cook Center siren test6 1 p.m.
10 13 14 15 16 17 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Charlotte Bass Quilt Exhibit ends at Cook Center ArtExhibit begins at Cook Center 28 29 30 31 SEPTEMSEA SM TW T
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910 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 FolkwAdvance planning instructions on page 29 before an emergency so you'lbe prepared.
SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY There arefour terms used to describe a nuckar emergency: Unusual Event, Akrt, Site Area Emergency and General Emergency.
For detaib, read page 30.
AUGUST SM TW T
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10 AtExhibit ends at Cook Center Labor Day Rosh Hashanah Go/f Show Cook Center 12 15 16 17 DoilShow Cook Center Yom Kippur 19 24 Berrien Springs Civic League Arts 8 Crafts Show Cook Center 25 Berrien Springs Civic League Arts 8 Crafts Show Cook Center 26 27 28 29 30 OCTOSEA
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SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY Ifyou have questions or needmoreinformation about emergency planning contact any ofthe aces listed on page 2 SEPTEMBER SM TW T
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9 10 11 12 13 14 IS 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Sirett tcst 1P.itt.
Stamp 8 Coin Collectors Show Cook Center Stamp tt Coin Coiiectors Show Cook Center 10 12 13 14 15 Columbus Day Observed Columbus Dsy Antique Show Cook Center 18 19 20 Antique Show Cook Center Fingerprintk2 Center 24 25 28 29 30 31Hslloween
SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY OCTOBER SM TW T
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910 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Sirett test 1 p.m.
Fivitheft Woodcatvers Show Cook Center 10 12 Fivitttelt Woodcalvere Show Cook Center Election Day Veterans Day 14 15 16 17 18 Festival ofArts bt Crafts Cook Center 21 22 23 24 25 Festival ofArts tt Crafts Cook Center Thanksgtvtng Day 28 29 30 Know thefacts about radiation by reading pages 31 and 32 Hanukkah
SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY Learn more about Cook Nuclear Plant and otherforms ofenergy by visiting Cook Energy Information Center.
NOVTMBra SM TW T
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9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 sire tnt 3 1p.m.
HolidayArts 2t Crafts Show at Cook Center 10 HolidayArts e Crafts Show at Cook Center 12 13 15 16 Cook Center doses 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 27 28 30 31 Christmas Day New Year's Eve
JANUARY SMTWTFS 1
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8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 FEBRUARY SMTWTFS 1
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8 91011 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 MARCH SMTWTFS 1
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8 9 1011 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 APRIL SM TW T
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9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 MAY SM TNT FS 1
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8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 JUNE SM TW T
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910 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 JULY SMTWTFS 2
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8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 SEPTEMBER SM TW T
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9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 OCTOBER SM TW T
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9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 NOVEMBER SMTWTFS 1
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8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 DECEMBER SM TW T
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'Adiranie pllannltg Thc worst thing about any serious emcrgcncy is that it often catches people offguard. Thc best way to stay safe in an cmcrgcncy is to know what to do ahead oftime. This requires advance planning.
Here are five steps you can take now to prepare for any cmcrgcncy:
- l. Afteryou and your Family know what this Emergemy Information Cakndar says, use it throughout the year or put itwhere all family members can find it in case it's needed.
- 2. Keep your important papers, checkbook, credit cards, bank books, extra keys, a first-aid kitand other essential items such as a portable radio, flashlight and extra batteries together in a safe place. Then you can find them quicklyin an emergency.
See page 5 for other essential items you may need.
- 3. Make a list ofpersonal instructions and supplies you and family me'mbers may need in case you have to leave quickly. You can use page 6 to make-up your list.
- 4. Keep your car or vehicle in good running order. Fillyour gas tank whenever it gets below half. Ifyou don't have a car or know someone close by who willdrive you in an emergency, please fillout the Special-Needs card in the front ofthe booklet. Mailitright away. You don' need a stamp.
- 5. Ifyou know someone who has Special Needs blind, hearing impaired, handicapped make sure they get a Special-Needs card. You might help them fillout and mail the card. Also, ifyou know someone who is blind or who does not read well, please read this booklet to them.
29
- 1. Unusual Event A minor problem that varies from normal or routine operations.
No release ofradioactive material is expected.
Federal, state and county officials willbe notified, but you willnot have to do anything'.Alert An abnormal plant condition that could result in a small release ofradioactive material inside the plant. This is still considered a minor event. Federal, state and county officials willbe asked to stand by, but itis not likelyyou willhave to do anythiilg.
- 3. Site Area Emergency A more serious situation that could result in the release ofradioactive material around the plant site. Allfederal, state and county officials willbe ready to help if needed.
Protective measures may be re-quired ofthe public in a limited area near the plant site boundary. Ifso, the sirens may sound and you willbe told by the TV and radio stations on page 3 ifshelter or evacuation is necessary.
O MUcllewO~elrgeney tet ms.
Ifthe emergency in Berrien County is due to an incident at Cook Nuclear Plant, 'there are four terms that willbe used to describe the situation. They are listed at left in order oftheir importance with number 1 being the least serious, number 2 more serious, and so on.
Because ofthe many safeguards built into the Cook Nudear Plant, chances ofa serious incident requiring you to seek shelter or evacuate are very slim. In most cases, evacuation is ordered as a safety measure before any danger can come to you or your family. Federal law, however, requires the public to be told what to do in case there ever is a significant release of radioactive material from the Cook Plant. Again, keep this Ernngcncy Information Caknckr handy and become familiarwith its contents.
Remember, the early-warning sirens willsound ifshelter or evacuation is necessary (except for monthly tests). When the sirens sound, listen to a TV or radio station on page 3 for emergency information.
Sometimes you may hear news about a drillor an exercise involving the Cook Plant. That's because federal, state, county and plant officials are required by law to participate regularly in drills and exercises so they are prepared in case a real emergency happens.
- 4. General Emergency This is the most serious situation at the plant. Itcould resultin the release ofa large amount ofradioactive material outside the plant site boundary. All federal, state and county offiicialswill provide help as needed.
Protective measures may be required ofthe public as far as 10 miles from the plant. The sirens willsound and you willbe told by the TV and radio stations on page 3 ifshelter or evacuation is necessary.
Lr'((y fI, II ip-'
i Local officials practice regularly to be prepared fora real emergency.
30
- .FaclIs alboUlI t'a~lIion lCadiation is not ncw or limited to nuclear-power plants.
Each ofus is exposed to some radiation cvcry moment ofour lives from radioactive mateiials all around us.
Natural background radiation The sun covers thc earth with cosmic radiation.
Some rocks and minerals give offsmall amounts ofradiation, such as radon gas.
Radioactive particles arc in thc air and in our food and water. Many building materials also contain radiation.
Even our bodies arc mildly radioactive. Alltogether, radiation from these sources is called natural background radiation.
ionizing radiation Although the term radiation is very broad and includes such things as light, heat and radio waves, it is most often used to mean "ionizing" radiation. This is radiation that can produce charged particles, called "ions," in materials it strikes.
Human-made radiation Ionizing radiation also comes from human sources.
It is used in thc medical field to diagnose and treat disease.
Scicncc and industry use radiation for rcscarch and to x-ray welds, for example.
Other human-made sources include color TV, smoke detectors, some luminous-dial watches and clocks, and nuclear power.
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Measuring radiation Like radio waves, ionizing radiation is invisible, silent, tasteless and odorless.
But it can bc measured with special instruments. To mcasurc the amount ofradiation a person rcccives, a unit called a millircm (mrcm) is used.
Onc mrcm is quite small.,It's equal to:
~ moving to a ground elevation 100 feet higher for a year, or
~ viewing color TVan hour a day for a year, or
~ spending five days in the mountains.
31
On average, a person livh thc U.S. rcccives about 360 mrcm pcr year from all radiation sources. Because ofthe low elevation and absc<icc'bf radioactive geologic formations, a person livingwithin 10 miles ofthc Cook Plant receives an average ofonly about 175 mrem pcr year from both natural and human-made radiation sources.
Such low-level radiation is not considered harmful and is well below the safe limits of5,000 mrem per year sct by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) for nuclear-plant workers.
Effects ofradiation ust as too much exposure to the sun can cause painful sunburn, too much exposure to certain levels and types ofradiation can have harmful effect.
But it takes radiation doses ofover 20,000 mrem, reccivcd within a day, to produce effects measurable by a trained doctor. Very large doses of50,000 to 100,000 mrem are required before an individual feels any illeffects.
Harm from radiation depends on:
~ the length oftime you are exposed,
~ how far you are from the source,
~ the amount your body is exposed to and which part, and
~ how much material you inhale or take into your body.
0 gWp QID Your health or physical condition can affect your reaction to radiation exposure, too. For example, parents should be aware that unborn babies and very young children arc more likelythan others to be harmed by radiation exposure.
Obviously, the less radiation you are exposed to, the less chance you have ofreceiving any harmful effects. It's for this reason that emergency planning takes place in and around nuclear-power plants. Like so many things we livewith, radiation need not be harmful iftreated with caution and common sense.
Cook Plant workers often check radiation levels both inside and outside 0
the plant. Ifan accident did happen, state and federal health experts also would be called in to take radiation readings beyond the plant site bound-A Gei9er counter is ~s~d to <heck r~di~tion I~~8I ary. These readings would determine what steps, ifany, you and your familywould need to take to prot~ yourselves.
(Q'lhoUft Cook Mlklleef PllenlI It's important to rcmcmber that nuclear-power plants have many protective barriers to keep radiation inside thc plant. Thc nuclear fuel itselfis made into protective pellets. The pcllcts are covcrcd with metal and placed inside a reactor vcsscl made ofeight-inch-thick steel. This vessel is then enclosed in a containment building made ofrcinforccd concrete threc-and-a-half fcct thick and lined with a heavy stccl plate.
Thc main difference bctwccn nuclear and fossil-fuel plants is the way they generate thc heat that produces steam that turns the turbine-gcncrator-which makes clcctricity. In a fossil-fueled plant which burns coal, oil or natural gasflame from the combustion process arc thc source ofheat.
At Cook Plant, thc fissioning (or splitting) ofUranium 235 atoms in the fuel elcmcnts produces thc heat.
Indiana Michigan Power and its parent company, American Electric Power, started building the Cook Plant in August 1968. Unit 1, rated at 1,020 megawatts, began operating commercially August 23, 1975. Unit 2, rated at 1,090 megawatts, cntcrcd commercial operation July 1, 1978.
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containtncnt building heavy stccl plate reactor vessel fuelrods fuel pellets Barriers against release of radioactivity I
Y The Cook Nuclear Plant on Lake Michigan at Bridgman.
33
V~@Ã COoOok Elgsggog
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ZPgOoIi"RM(liOoZP Center A tour of Cook Energy information Center includes three exciting theater shows which provide a panorama ofelectric-energy production along with a detailed model, above, of the Cook Nuclear Plant.
Ifyou would like to learn more about thc Cook Plant and how it works, you'rc wclcomc to visit the Cook Energy Information Center next to the plant on Lake Michigan at Bridgman.
There's no admission charge.
Just take I-94 to Bridgman exit 16 and go north three-and-a-half miles on Rcd Arrow Highway.
The Center is open Tuesday through Sunday, 10 a.m. to 5 p.m., mid-January to mid-Dcccmber, but closed holidays.
Separate tours can be arranged for schools and groups.
Call (616) 465-6101 or (616) 983-2028 for more information or to reserve a time.
34
TAe 8etme 7ireH Thc newest attraction at ISLAM's Cook Energy Information Center at Bridgman is very, very oldold as thc hills, in fact, because it is the hills. Or, to bc morc exact, the sand dunes on which both the Cook Nuclear Plant and neigh-boring information center are built.
Visitors to thc Center have an opportunity to learn more about the natural history ofthe dunes by walking over and around several ofthem on Thc Nature Trail north ofthe facility.Actually, the ncw attraction consists oftwo trails with a third planned for thc future.
The Overlook Trail is about a half-mile long and passes through beach, foredunc and forest habitat. It includes a spectacular view ofLake Michigan.
Thc Nipissing Dune Trail is on a tall para-bolic (bowl-shaped) dune and also covers wooded terrain. It's about three-quarters-of-a-mile long.
Thc third trail, called the Wetlands Trail, will extend eastward through about a mile offorest and wetland habitat.
The sand dunes at the Cook site arc part ofa 16-mile stretch ofdunes a half-mile wide next to Lake Michigan known as the Grand Marais Embayment, which starts at Glcnlord Beach and cxtcnds south to Lakcshorc.
The Nature Trail is ideal for naturalists, students and thc public to study thc dunes.
Hikingon top ofand bctwecn the dunes gives visitors a feel for the size and shape ofthc para-bolic dunes.
The trails are considered very strenuous for hikers, howcvcr.
The Nipfssing Dune Trailat Cook Energy Information Center.
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Cook Energy O
Information Center Box 115 Bridgman, Ml491 06 BuLK RaTE U.S. PosTace Pain LAKEMICHICAH MaazRs EiweRGeeov )NFoRmaTloe PzeA,se ReA,o A,eo Keep<