ML14344B005
| ML14344B005 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Fermi  |
| Issue date: | 04/30/2011 |
| From: | Ducks Unlimited Inc |
| To: | DTE Energy, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| References | |
| NRC-14-0073 | |
| Download: ML14344B005 (41) | |
Text
NRC-14-0073 Response to License Renewal Environmental Request for Additional Information TE Ducks Unlimited Wetland Investigation Report April 2011
DUCKS UNLIMITED MICHIGAN Detroit Edison Fermi Site, Monroe County July 2008 Wetland Investigation Report Updated April 2011 Prepared for:
Detroit Edison Power Company Attn: Randall Westmoreland 2000 2nd Avenue Detroit, Michigan 48226 DUCKS UNLIMITED WISCONSIN " ILLINOIS
- OHIO-PENNSYLVANIA GREAT LAKES/ATLANTIC REGION VIRGINIA
- WEST VIRGINIA a MARYLAND = DELAWARE - NEW a JERSEY CONNECTICUT # NEWYORK " MASSACHUSETTS # RHODE ISLAND 1220 Eisenhower Place I Ann Arbor, MI 48108 VERMONT # NEW HAMPSHIRE
- MAINE Sheila & Hessi shesaducksarg (734) 623-2000
C Ducks Unlimited Inc.
TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION/TITLE PAGE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
2
2.0 BACKGROUND
/SITE DESCRIPTION 3
3.0 METHODS 4
3.1 WETLAND DELINEATION 4
3.2 FUNCTIONS/VALUES ASSESSMENT 5
4.0 RESULTS/CONCLUSION 6
4.1 WETLAND DELINEATION 6
4.2 FUNCTIONS/VALUES ASSESSMENT 13 FIGURES Figure 1. Watershed Map Figure 2. USGS Map Figure 3. Aerial Photo Figure 4. NWI Wetlands Map Figure 5. MDEQ Wetlands Map Figure 6. Soil Survey Map Figure 7. Landcover Map APPENDICES Appendix A. Wetland Delineation Map Set Appendix B. Wetland Delineation Data Sheets Appendix C. Functions and Values Data Forms Appendix D. Flora and Fauna Species Lists Appendix E. Qualifications DTE Wetland Investigation Report Page 1 4/15/2011
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
Detroit Edison Energy Company (DTE) contracted with Ducks Unlimited, Inc. (DU) to provide wetland delineation and functions and values assessment on 1,106 acres of undeveloped land at their Fermi II Nuclear Power Plant Site (Site). DU has completed the following services as reported herein:
- 1. Acquired and reviewed existing topographic maps, National Wetlands Inventory maps, soil surveys, technical publications, aerial photographs and other existing information necessary for determining the potential locations of wetlands within the project boundaries and for evaluating soil, hydrology, vegetation and related characteristics.
- 2. Conducted onsite investigations of soil, hydrology, flora and fauna characteristics of all wetlands.
- 3. Based on information derived from 1 and 2 above, delineated all wetlands using the 1987 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Wetland Delineation Manual for Vegetated Wetlands, cross referencing the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) delineation methods.
- 4. Produced the following report with full size maps that includes:
- a. Surveyed and mapped boundaries of all wetlands. Classification of all wetlands according to Cowardin et al. (1979). Calculation of acreage figures for each delineated wetland.
- b. Fully documented data sheets for each sampling plot used in determining wetland boundaries.
- c. Narrative discussion of each delineated
- wetland, including Cowardin classifications and summaries of key soil, vegetation, and hydrology characteristics used in making wetland boundary determinations.
- d. Narrative discussion of functions and values associated with delineated wetlands.
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- 5. Updated the 2008 Wetland Investigation Report with information provided from the USACE and MDEQ.
2.0 BACKGROUND
AND SITE DESCRIPTION The Site is located at Latitude: 41.961 and Longitude: -83.261 on the western shore of Lake Erie at Lagoona Beach, Monroe County, Michigan in the Ottawa-Stony watershed (HUC 04100001, Figure 1). The site encompasses 1,106 acres and is owned by DTE. The topography of the site has approximately 22 feet of relief from the upland fields to the wetlands adjacent to Lake Erie (Figure 2).
The majority of the Site is periodically to permanently inundated. An aerial view shows the interspersion of open water, emergent marsh, forested wetlands and upland fields, forests and fill areas across the Site (Figure 3). Multiple roadways bisect these wetland and upland cover types.
The National Wetland Inventory map indicates the presence of palustrine forested (PFO1A),
palustrine scrub-shrub (PSS1C), palustrine emergent (PEM1A and PEM1C), and open water (PUBHx) in this area (Figure 4). The State Wetland Inventory indicates that most of the site contains hydric soils and hydrophytic vegetation (Figure 5).
The Monroe County Soil Survey lists 10 - Lenawee Silty Clay Loam, ponded (hydric soil) and 21 - Lenawee Silty Clay Loam as the primary mapped soil types on the Site (Figure 6). Other soils found onsite include 57 - Urban land-Lenawee Complex on the southern edge of the Site, 33 - Pit-Aquents Complex and 13A - Blount Loam on the northwestern side of the Site, and 27 -
Beaches along the western edge of the Site adjacent to Lake Erie.
Water is seasonally to permanently present throughout the majority of the Site. Average annual precipitation is 31.5 inches and generally well distributed throughout the year. The site receives direct, surface runoff from a 2,440-acre drainage basin with cropland, wetland and forestland as the primary cover types (Figure 7). Surface water is also received from Lake Erie during periods of high water and storm events.
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In 2003 the Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge (DRIWR), managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), signed a cooperative management agreement with DTE for wildlife habitat management activities at the Site. Refuge staff work with DTE to maximize habitat conditions for wildlife by enhancing existing habitat, providing habitat structures and restoring native vegetation communities. The USFWS has identified the wetland resources at the Site to provide important habitat for wildlife with opportunity for further enhancement and restoration.
3.0 METHODS Prior to field investigations, the Monroe County Soil Survey (USDA-SCS, 1981), the United State Geological Survey (USGS) topographic mapping (Stony Point, Estral Beach, MI 7.5 minute quadrangles), United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) National Wetland Inventory, Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) State Wetland Inventory and aerial photographs were reviewed to determine possible location, extent and types of wetlands on the Site.
3.1 Wetland Delineation Flagging of wetland boundaries and data collection along the boundaries were performed by DU staff (Appendix E) between May 16, 2008 and June 13, 2008. The boundaries were delineated in accordance with procedures outlined in the USACE 1987 Wetland Delineation Manual.
Delineation followed the Routine On-site Method described in Section D of Chapter IV in the 1987 Manual. Prior to initiating sampling, the property was traversed to identify general topographic conditions and drainage patterns, major plant communities and potential areas of disturbance. After examining plant communities and determining whether normal environmental conditions were present, a representative data point was selected in each plant community.
Information on vegetation, soils and hydrology was collected at each data point using the federal criteria for vegetation, soils, and hydrology.
Ocular estimates of the percent area cover by plant species for each vegetation layer (tree, shrub, and herbaceous layers) were recorded. The presence of wetland vegetation was determined DTE Wetland Investigation Report Page 4 4/15/2011
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when more than 50 percent of the dominant species in a sample plot had an indicator status of obligate (OBL), facultative-wet (FACW), or facultative (FAC+, FAC), excluding FAC-. The dominant species for each layer in a plot were determined by ranking the species in decreasing order of percent cover and recording those species which, when cumulatively totaled, immediately exceeded 50 percent of the total cover of that layer. Additionally, any plant species that comprised 20 percent or more of the total cover for each layer was considered to be a dominant species.
Soil and hydrology data were collected in soil pits to 18 inches within each sample plot. Soil characteristics were noted along the soil profile at the depth specified. The soil survey for Monroe County was reviewed. Soil colors were determined by using the Munsell color chart.
Primary and secondary indicators of hydrology were also noted at each sample plot.
3.2 Functions/Values Assessment Wetlands delineated on the 1,106 DTE property were evaluated using Wetland Functions and Values: A Descriptive Approach. (The New England Method) supplemented with vegetation community measurements for species richness, diversity and cover and wildlife observations.
Thirteen functions and values typically considered by regulatory and conservation agencies when evaluating wetlands are used as part of the New England Method. These include: groundwater recharge/discharge, floodflow alteration, fish habitat, sediment/toxicant retention, nutrient removal, production export, sediment/shoreline stabilization, wildlife habitat, recreation, educational/scientific value, uniqueness/heritage, visual quality/aesthetics and endangered species habitat. Supporting documentation for the 13 functions and values used are presented in Appendix C.
The three main wetland types found on DTE were palustrine forested (PFO), palustrine scrub-shrub (PSS) and palustrine emergent marsh (PEM). Delineated wetlands representing each wetland type were visited during June 2008. Wetland Function-Value Evaluation Forms were completed for both woody (PFO and PSS) and non-woody (PEM) wetland types based on both office (existing data) and field (direct observation) evaluation (Appendix C).
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vegetation community characteristics and wildlife observations were recorded.
Vegetation characteristics were examined to support functions and values designations.
Vegetation was sampled along transects that sampled the range of hydrologic regimes present in DTE wetlands.
Aerial coverage and species were recorded in 1 m2 plots along transects. Woody vegetation species were recorded in a circular radius up to 11.6 m from the center of each m2 plot. In each m2 plot total areal coverage was estimated for all species combined and for the three most dominant species. A total number of plant species in each plot was tallied. All identified species were associated with their respective wetland indicator status classification. During the course of conducting wetland delineation and assessment activities, all wildlife species observed were recorded along with evidence of wildlife use.
4.0 RESULTS/CONCLUSION 4.1 Wetland Delineation DU identified 37 wetlands on the Site (Table 1). The boundaries between each type of wetland were identified and flagged with coded surveyor's ribbon to facilitate a functions and values assessment.
The delineated wetlands were surveyed by DU staff and acreage was calculated for each wetland. The primary wetland type on the Site is PEM comprising 325 acres followed by PFO (168 acres) and PSS (16 acres). Approximately 45 acres of the site were designated as open water. The wetland delineation survey is shown in Appendix A. The sample plot data sheets are provided in Appendix B.
Table 1. Delineated Wetlands Report Wetland Area Total Map Mapped Mapped USACE/MDEQ Name Designation Acres Location NWI MDEQ Jurisdiction A
PEM/WM 1.88 3
Yes Yes Non Jurisdictional B
PFO 0.76 4
Yes Yes USACE/MDEQ C
PEM 48.18 5 & 6 Yes Yes USACE/MDEQ D
PFO 1.37 4
Yes Yes USACE/MDEQ E
PSS 4.71 4
Yes Yes USACE/MDEQ F
PFO 31.07 7 & 8 No Yes USACE/MDEQ G
PFO 5.29 9
No Yes USACE/MDEQ H
PEM 0.1 10 No Yes MDEQ H
Open Water 1.86 10 No Yes MDEQ DTE Wetland Investigation Report Page 6 4/15/2011
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I PFO 39.74 11 Yes Yes USACE/MDEQ J
PEM 2.8 9
No Yes USACE/MDEQ K
PSS 5.56 9
No Yes USACE/MDEQ L
PFO 62.18 12 & 13 Yes Yes USACE/MDEQ M
PEM 161.65 14 & 15 No Yes USACE/MDEQ N
PEM 11.13 16 Yes Yes USACE/MDEQ O
PFO 0.72 16 Yes Yes USACE/MDEQ P
PFO 0.21 17 No No USACE/MDEQ Q
PSS 2.04 17 Yes No USACE/MDEQ R
PEM 1.97 18 No No USACE/MDEQ S
PFO 1.41 18 No No USACE/MDEQ T
PFO 5.71 17 No No USACE/MDEQ U
PEM 0.15 10 No No USACE/MDEQ U
Open Water 3.32 10 No No USACE/MDEQ V
PFO 0.34 9
No Yes USACE/MDEQ W
PEM/WM 4.59 19 No No MDEQ X
PFO 3.37 19 No No MDEQ Y
PFO 1.14 20 No No MDEQ Z
PEM 0.39 20 Yes No USACE/MDEQ AA PEM 0.8 21 No No USACE/MDEQ BB PFO 11.8 22 & 23 Yes Yes USACE/MDEQ CC & DD PEM 86.38 24 & 25 Yes Yes USACE/MDEQ EE PEM 0.77 24 & 25 No Yes USACE/MDEQ FF PEM 0.39 22 No Yes USACE/MDEQ GG PFO/PSS/PEM 0.93 26 No No USACE/MDEQ HH PSS 2.47 27 Yes Yes USACE/MDEQ II PEM 0.52 21 No No MDEQ JJ PSS 1.37 21 No No MDEQ KK PFO 1.62 28 No Yes USACE/MDEQ WW PEM 0.26 29 No No MDEQ XX PEM 0.25 29 No No MDEQ YY PEM 0.21 29 No No MDEQ ZZ PEM 0.11 29 No No MDEQ Northernmost Canal OW 3.55 25 No Yes USACE/MDEQ South Canal PEM 1.97 6
No Yes USACE/MDEQ Quarry Lake 1
OW 5.45 2
Yes Yes MDEQ Quarry Lake 2
OW 13.07 2
Yes Yes MDEQ Quarry Lake 3
OW 17.24 2
Yes Yes MDEQ Along Quarry Lake Road OW 0.55 20 Yes Yes USACE/MDEQ Rainfalls during the field work period had a noticeable impact on the saturation of the soil. Data points taken on days shortly after a significant rainfall showed saturation to the surface, but no DTE Wetland Investigation Report Page 7 4/15/2011
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free water in pits excavated to an 18" depth. The saturation level is greater than expected from capillary fringe effects and can be attributed to the recent rainfall. In these cases, saturation in the upper 12" may be misleading in the determination of wetlands. This information was taken into account during determinations that occurred shortly after a rainfall event. Significant rainfall events (>0.1") occurred on the following dates: May 11, 14, 18 and June 8, 9, 10, 13.
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Wetland Descriptions Palustrine Forested Wetland (PFO)
Wetlands with basal area dominated by woody vegetation larger than 3" diameter at breast height (dbh) were classified as PFO. Some herbaceous and woody vegetation with <3" dbh may be present, but contribute less than 50% combined of the basal area. Typical vegetation in the PFO wetlands include silver maple (Acer saccharinum), shellbark hickory (Carya laciniosa), swamp white oak (Quercus bicolor), American elm (Ulmus americana), and eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides). The shrub layer in PFO wetlands was dominated by American elm saplings, silky dogwood (Cornus amomum), and green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) saplings.
Herbaceous vegetation was sparse during delineation. Common species included black raspberry (Rubus sp.), mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum), reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea), poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans), and Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia). Due to the intermittent hydrology of these PFO wetlands, a significant proportion of herbaceous vegetation species were plants that favor upland areas. Soils are hydric and saturated with pockets of standing water throughout the PFO wetlands. Approximately 168 acres of wetland were delineated as PFO including: B, D, F, G, I, L, O, P, S, T, V, X, Y, BB, GG, and KK (Table 1, Appendix A).
PFO Photo - DTE Site - May 2008 PFO Photo - DTE Site - June 2008 DTE Wetland Investigation Report Page 9 4/15/2011
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PFO Photo - DTE Site - June 2008 PFO Photo - DTE Site - June 2008 DTE Wetland Investigation Report Page 10 4/15/2011
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Palustrine Scrub-Shrub Wetland (PSS)
Wetlands dominated by woody vegetation smaller than 3" dbh but greater than 3.2' in height were classified as PSS. PSS wetlands may have some woody plants >3" dbh or some herbaceous vegetation that, combined, contribute less than 50% of ground cover. Common shrub species in PSS wetlands include Silky Dogwood, Green Ash, and Hawthorn (Crataegus sp.). PSS wetlands on the Site were largely early successional woody communities located on the fringes of PFO and upland or PFO and PEM wetland habitats. Approximately 16 acres of wetland were delineated as PSS including: E, K, Q, HH, and JJ (Table 1, Appendix A).
PSS Photo - DTE Site May 2008 PSS Photo - DTE Site - June 2008 PSS Photo - DTE Site - June 2008 DTE Wetland Investigation Report Page 11 4/15/2011
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Palustrine Emergent Wetland (PEM)
PEM wetlands are characterized by greater than 50% of the ground surface covered by herbaceous vegetation, or woody vegetation less than 3.2' tall. PEM wetlands were dominated by reed canary grass, common reed (Phragmites australis), sedge species (Carex sp.), narrow-leaf cattail (Typha angustifolia), water lily (Nymphaea sp.), and coontail (Ceratophyllum demersum).
Approximately 325 acres of wetlands were delineated as PEM and include: A, C, H, J, M, N, R, U, W, Z, AA, CC, DD, EE, FF, II, WW, XX, YY, ZZ, and the South Canal. Wetlands delineated as PEM span a range of periodically inundated wet meadows to deep water marsh systems. Due to the well-developed stands of invasive plants including common reed and reed canary grass, vegetation diversity was relatively low in PEM wetlands. There is significant build up of plant duff in PEM wetlands primarily from large, persistent stands of common reed.
PEM Photo - DTE Site - May 2008 PEM Photo - DTE Site - June 2008 PEM Photo - DTE Site - June 2008 PEM Photo - DTE Site - June 2008 DTE Wetland Investigation Report Page 12 4/15/2011
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Open Water Habitat Open water habitat is characterized by inundation to a depth greater than 4 feet with no emergent vegetation present. Several open water habitats are located within the delineation boundary.
Some open water habitats were delineated with an aerial photograph. Most open water habitats are not flagged and do not have data points within their boundaries. There are approximately 45 acres of open water habitat on the Site. Open water habitats located include H, U, the Northernmost Canal, Quarry Lake 1, Quarry Lake 2, Quarry Lake 3, and Along Quarry Lake Road.
4.2 Functions/Values Assessment With the exception of a few wetlands isolated by berms or roads the majority of wetland communities at the Site are hydrologically connected and thus, for the purposes of the functions-values assessment, considered one wetland system. A functions-values assessment form was completed for woody (PFO and PSS) and non-woody (PEM) wetland communities to provide distinctions in functions and values where necessary to complete an overall assessment for the wetland system at the site. The principal functions of the wetland system include floodflow alteration, sediment/toxicant retention, nutrient removal and fish and wildlife habitat. Additional functions and values this wetland system is suitable to provide, though not considered principal functions, are production export, sediment/shoreline stabilization, uniqueness/heritage and endangered species habitat. The wetland system was not considered well suited for groundwater recharge/discharge, recreation, educational/scientific value, or visual quality/aesthetics. Below is a summary of the principal functions of the wetland system. Appendix C includes a copy of the Wetland Function-Value Evaluation Forms for woody and non-woody wetland communities and a list of considerations/qualifiers for each function and value assessed.
Principal Functions and Values Floodflow alteration, sediment/toxicant retention and nutrient removal: The Site' s wetland complex is large relative to the watershed, relatively flat with storage potential and contains hydric soils and dense vegetation suitable to absorb and slow water flow. The wetland system is highly suitable to reduce flood damage by retaining and gradually releasing floodwater following DTE Wetland Investigation Report Page 13 4/15/2011
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precipitation events. DTE's Fermi II Nuclear Plant including cooling towers and control centers are located downstream and in the floodplain of the wetland system. In the event of a large storm that results in floodflow from the watershed and excess water backing in from Lake Erie, the wetland system could slow and detain floodwaters for gradual release. The wetland system is highly suitable for trapping sediments, toxicants and pathogens as well as nutrient retention.
There are potential sources of excess sediment, toxins, and nutrients upstream in the agriculturally dominated watershed. The Clean Water Act status for the Monroe County portion of the Ottawa-Stony watershed sites excessive nutrient levels as a documented impairment in waterbodies (http://cfpub.epa.gov/surf/huc.cfm?huc code=04100001). There is opportunity for sediment trapping and nutrient uptake in diffuse, slow moving and deepwater areas of the Site's wetlands that are edged or interspersed with dense herbaceous and woody vegetation.
Fish and wildlife habitat: The deepwater PEM of the Site's wetland system is suitable to support fish habitat. There is an abundance of cover objects, the wetland is large and part of a larger, persistent, contiguous watercourse with slow velocity. The wetlands have sufficient size and depth to retain open water areas during the winter. Direct observation of fish species were observed in the wetland. The diverse wetland communities present across the entire wetland system provide suitable habitat for a significant number of wildlife species. While there has been notable direct and indirect disturbance in all wetlands observed, there remains significant abundance and diversity in habitat cover to support wildlife. With the exception of the buildings and roadways associated with the nuclear plant, the landscape is largely undeveloped with relatively large parcels of vegetated wetlands and uplands. The majority of the wetlands evaluated are connected hydrologically in spite of fragmentation by multiple roadways. The wetland system presents an interspersion of open water areas with dense emergent vegetation grading into shrub dominated and tree dominated communities. Some portions of the wetlands have a high degree of diversity in vegetation structure and species. The Clean Water Act Status Report for the Monroe County portion of the Ottawa-Stony watershed sites loss of aquatic life benefits as the most common impairment of waterbodies in the watershed (http://cfpub.epa.gov/surf/huc.cfm?huc code=04100001).
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There are several threatened and endangered species observed or potentially present as well as included in the table below:
Table 2. Threatened and Endangered Species Common Name Scientific Name Status Barn owl Tyto alba State endangered Common tern Sterna hirundo State threatened Eastern fox snake Pantherophis gloydi State threatened Bald eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus State threatened Brindled madtom Noturus miurus Special concern American lotus Nelumbo lutea State threatened Arrowhead Sagittaria montevidensis State threatened Frank's sedge Carex frankii State threatened Trailing wild bean Strophostyles helvula Special concern Appendix D lists all wildlife species observed during delineation and assessment field work.
CONCLUSION For the purposes of delineating wetland boundaries and grouping wetland types on the Site, 37 individual wetland units were flagged. The primary wetland type on the Site is PEM comprising 325 acres followed by PFO (168 acres) and PSS (16 acres). Approximately 45 acres of the site were designated as open water. For the functions and values assessment, the majority of the delineated wetland units were considered one large wetland system, hydrologically connected by direct, contiguous water ways or culverts under roads. Wetland functions and values were assigned to woody and non-woody wetland communities. The primary functions and values of the wetland system are floodflow alteration, sediment/toxicant retention, nutrient removal and habitat for fish and wildlife.
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Figure 1. Watershed Map and Delineation Area 25 125 0
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20 5 7 9-1 Figure 2. Topo and Delineation Area Legend Delineation Area
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Figure 3. Aerial photo and Delineation Area Legend-and Delineation Area
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APPENDIX A WETLAND DELINEATION MAP SET DTE Wetland Investigation Report Page 23 4/15/2011
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DTE FERMI II PLANT WETLAND DELINEATION MONROE COUNTY, MICHIGAN 0
yR SHEET INDEX
- 1.
OVER SHET
- 2. OVEAL. YC1LM4I DELDIEAION S
&n N DETLAIEmAION A
- 4. X-RAND DELIATION B.D.
N/ p 9E1LMQD DELIEATION C NORTH4
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- 7. NETLAW D EINEAION F NORTH MI HI ANSON PIN 6E1LAD DEINEAION F SOUTH 9.DAD EC
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- 11. NETLANI DELNEATIONI DETROI BEACH12. U1LAND DELINEATION L NORTH
- 12. WRANE DEINEATION L SOUTH
- 14. SOTL D~ DELNEAION M NORTH
- 14.
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- 17. WTlUDI DEINEATION R, T IS.
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- 21. VPEIAM) DELINEATIN R S
- 20. ViETLUM DEINEATN NON Y Z
- 21. SEILAND EINEAION MA E, JJ 22 SyiLMI DEINEAION H8 SOWN.1 EK xonm
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