ML12334A506

Official Exhibit - NYS000008-00-BD01 - Harlow, James H., Electric Power Transformer Engineering, CRC Press, (2004), Excerpted: Pp. XI, 2- 1 - 2-2 (2004 Harlow)

ML12334A506
Person / Time
Site:	Indian Point
Issue date:	12/31/2004
From:	Harlow J CRC Press
To:	Atomic Safety and Licensing Board Panel
SECY RAS
References
RAS 21523, 50-247-LR, 50-286-LR, ASLBP 07-858-03-LR-BD01
Download: ML12334A506 (5)

Text

United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Official Hearing Exhibit In the Matter of:

Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc.

(Indian Point Nuclear Generating Units 2 and 3)

ASLBP #: 07-858-03-LR-BD01 Docket #: 05000247 l 05000286 Exhibit #:

Identified:

Admitted:

Withdrawn:

Rejected:

Stricken:

Other:

NYS000008-00-BD01 10/15/2012 10/15/2012 NYS000008 Submitted: December 12, 2011 EXCERPT ELECTRIC POWER TRANSFORMER ENGINEERING Edited by James H. Harlow eRe PRESS

.. *.*.w _ _ _

Boca Raron London New York Washingron, D.C OAGI0001238_00001

Library or Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Electric power lransformer engineering I ediled by Jame, H. Harlow.

p.

em. -

(The ElecLric Power Engineering Series; 91 lncludes bibliographical references and indeJ<.

ISBN 0-8493-1704-5 (alk. paper)

I. Eleclric (ransformers. 1. Harlow. j'fmes H. n. titie. II!. Series.

TK255 I.E65 2004 621.3 J'4--dc21 2003046134 This book cont~ins infomlalion obluined from authenlic and highly regarded source~. Reprinled malerial is quoted with permission. and sources are indicaled. A wide variely of references are lisled. Rea~oItab\\e effon, have been made 10 publish reliable data and information. but the aulhor and Ihe publisher cannOI assume responsibility for the validily of all materials or for Ihe* consequences of [heir use.

Neilher this book nor any pan muy be reproduced or lransmi(led in any fonn or by any mean,. eieclromc or mechanical.

including photocopying, microfilming. and recording, or by any infomlation storage or retrieval syslem. without prior pemlission in wriling from the publisher.

All rights reserved. Authorization to photocopy items for inlcrnal or personal use, or (he per50nal or internal use of specific clienls. may be granted by CRC Press LLc' provided that $].50 per page photocopied is paid directly 10 Copyright Clearance Center. 222 Ro~ewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA. The fee code for users of the Transactional Reponing Service is

[SBN 0-8493-1704-5/04/$0.00+$ 1.50. The fee i~,ubjec:l \\0 change wilhout nolice. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC a separate system of payment has been arranged, The consenL of CRC Pres, LLC does nOl extend Lo copying for general distribution, for promotion. for crealing new works.

or for re,ale: Specitic permission must be obtained in wfl\\ing from CRC Press LLC for sueh copying.

Direc\\ all inquiries 10 CRe Press LLC 2000 N. W. Corporate Blvd., Boca Ralon. Florida 33431.

Trademllrk Notice! PrOdUCI or corporate names m~y be trademark., or regislered trademarks, and ~re used only for identificaflon and explanation. withoul intent to infringe.

With regllrd to material reprinted from IEEE publications:

The IEEE disclaims any responsibility or liability resulting from the placement and w;e in the describctl manner.

Visit the CRe Press Web site at www.crcpress.com o 2004 by CRC Pre" LLC No claim to original U.S. Goyernmenl work~

[rHcrn~lionaJ Standard Book Number 0-8493-1704-5 Library or Congre,s Card Number 2003046134 Pnn(cd in the United State, of Amer',ca I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 Prinled (In ucid-free paper OAGI0001238_00002

Contents Chapter 1 Theory and Principles Dennis Allarl and Harold Moore.............................

I-I Chapter 2 Equipment Types 2.1 Power Transformers H. lin Sirn and Scott H. Digby.............................. 2-2 2.2 Distribution Transformers Dudley L. Galloway and Dan Mulkey...... 2*23 2.3 Phase-Shifting Transformers Gustav Preininger................................... 2-63 2.4 Rectifier Transformers Sheldon P. Kennedy........................................... 2-81 2.5 Dry-Type Transformers Paulette A. Payne.......................................... 2-102 2.6 Instrument Transformers Randy Mullikin.......................................... 2-107

2. 7 Step-Voltage Regulators Craig A. Colopy............................................ 2-140 2.8 Constant-Voltage Transformers Arindam Maitra, Anish Gaikwad, Ralph Ferraro, Doug{as Dorr, and Arshad Mansoor.............................. 2-160 2.9 Reactors Richard F. Dudley, Michael Sharp, Antonio Castanheira, and Behdad Biglar................................................................................... 2-184 Chapter 3 Ancillary Topics 3.1 Insulating Media Leo J. Savio and Ted Haupert..................................... 3-2 3.2 Electrical Bushings Loren B. Wagenaar................................................... 3-7 3.3 Load Tap Changers Dieter Dohllal........................................................ 3-29 3.4 Loading and Thermal Performance Robert F Tillman, Jr................... 3-49 3.5 Transformer Connections Dan D. Perco............................................... 3-59 3.6 Transformer Testing Shirish P. Mehta and William R. Helming.......... 3*68 3.7 Load-Tap-Change Control and Transformer Paralleling lames H. Harlow....................................................................................... 3-94 3.8 Power Transformer Protection Armando Guzmdn, Hector J. AltJ/ve, and Gabriel Benrnouyal.......................................................................... 3-109 3.9 Causes and Effects of Transformer Sound Levels Jeewan Puri......... 3-137 3.10 Tran.sient-Voltage Response Robert C. DegelTeff................................. 3-149 3.11 Transformer Installation and Maintenance Alan Oswalt.................. 3-174 3.12 Problem and Failure Investigation Wallace Binder and Harold Moore.................................................................................... 3-182 3.13 On-Line Monitoring of Liquid-Immersed Transformers Andre Lux... 3-194 3.14 U.S. Power Transformer Equipment Standards and Processes Philip J. Hopkinson................................................................................. 3-215 Index.................................................................................................................. I-1 xi OAGI0001238_00003

H. Jin Sim Scott H. Digby

,Vnukesha £leone Systems Dudley L. Galloway GalJowllY Twns[ormer Technology ac Dan Mulkey PIlCJfic Gos <!U Electnc Company Gustav Preininger Cunwilunl Sheldon P. Kennedy 1\\'lIlgi/fO Twnsformer CorporatIOn Paulette A. Payne PEPCO Randy Mullikin Kllhlnwl! Eleclric Corp.

Craig A. Colopy Cooper Puwer S;,I-!\\tenH Arindam Maitra Anish Gaikwad Arshad Mansoor Douglas Dorr EPRI PEAC CorPO{llllOO Ralph Ferraro Ferr(Jro. OIJV(;!r 0) ASSOCUiles Richard F. Dudley Michael Sharp Antonio Castanhei.ra Behdad Bighr Tr"nch Lid Equipment Types 2.1 Power Transformers......................................................... 2-2 Imroduction

• Rating and Classifications' Short-Circuit Duty 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8

• Efficiency, Losses, and Regulation' Construction' Accessory Equipment* Inrush Current* Transformers Connected Directly to Generators* Modern dnd Future Developments Distribution Transformers............................................. 2-23 Historical Background' Construction' General Transformer Design' Transformer Connections' Operational Concerns' Transformer Locations' Underground Distribution Transformers' Pad-Mounted Distribution Transformers' Transformer Losses> Tra,[1sformer Performance Model

• Transformer Loading' Transformer Testing*

Transformer Protection' Economic Application Phase-Shifting Transformers...................................

2-63 Introduct ion' Basic Principle of Application* Load Diagr<lm of ~ PST' Tmal Power Transfer' Types of Phase*Shifting Transformers' Details of Transformer Design' Details of On*

Load Tap-Changer Application' Other Aspects Rectifier Transformers.............. "......... "........... "........... 2-81 Background and Historical Perspective' New Terminology and Definitions' Rectifier Circuits* Commutatjng Impedance*

Secondary CO\\lplin%

• Generation of Harmonics' l+aflJ10nic Spectrum' Effects of Harmonic Currents on Transformers' Thermal Tests* Harmonic Cancellation' DC Current Content

• Transformers Energized from a Converter/lllverter

• Electrostatic Ground Shield' Load Conditio[1s

• Interphase Transformers Dry-Type Transformers............................................... 2*102 Transformer Taps' Cooling Classes for Dry* Type Transformers

• Winding Insulation System' Application' Enclosures' Operating CO[1ditionS

• Limits of Temperature Rise' Accessories* Surge Protection Instrument Transformers............................................ 2-107 Overview> Transformer Basics' VoltageTransfoflner' Current Tr~nsformer Step-Voltage Regulators............................................... 2-140 Introduction' Power Systems Applications' Ratings* Theory

• Auw-Booster' Three*Phase Regllintors. Regul~lOr Control*

Unique Applications Constant-Voltage Transformers................................... 2-160 llackground

• Appliations

• Procurement Considerations

• Typical Service, Storage, and Shiplnent Conditions' Nilmephte Data and NomenclJture

• New Technology Advancements*

Addendum OAGI0001238_00004

2-2 Electric Power Transformer Engineenng 2.9 Reactors................................................................

2-IB4 2.1 Power Transformers H. lin Sim and Scott H. Digby 2.1.1 Introduction Background 'and Himlfical Perspective* Applications of Re~crors' Some Important Application Considerations' Shunl Reactors Switching Transients' Current*Limiting Reacrors and Switching Tran5ienl5

• Rea([or Loss Evaluation' De*Q*ing

• Sound Level and Mitigation ANSlIIEEE defines a transformer as a static electrical device, involving no continuously moving parts, used in dectric powt'r systems to transfer power between circuits through the use of electromagnelic induction. The term power tral1;former is used 10 refer to those transformers used between the generator and the distribution circuits, and these are usually rated ~t 500 kVA and ahOYt'o Power systt'ms typically consist of a large number of generation locations, distribution points, and interconnections within the system or with nearby systems, such as a neighboring utility. The complexity of rhe system leads to a variety of transmission and distribution voltages. Power transformers must be used at each of these points where there is a transition between voltage levels.

Power transformers are selected based on the application, with the emphasis toward custom design being more apparent the larger the uniL Power tral1:sformcrs are available for step*up operation, primarily used at rhe generator and referred to as generator step*up (GSU) transformers, and for step-down operation, mainly used to feed distribution circuits. Power transformers are available as single-phase or three-phase apparatus.

The construction of a transformer depends upon the application. Transformers intended for indoor ust' are primarily of the dry type bur can also be liquid immersed. For outdoor use, transformers are usually liquid immersed. This section focuses on the outdoor, liquid-immersed transformers, such as those shown in Figure Z.U.

fIGURE 2.1.1 20 MVA, l61:26.4 x )3.2 kV wl!h LTC, three phase trJosrormers.

OAGI0001238_00005