ML11356A180
ML11356A180 | |
Person / Time | |
---|---|
Site: | Indian Point ![]() |
Issue date: | 12/22/2011 |
From: | Dissado L, Fothergill J - No Known Affiliation |
To: | Atomic Safety and Licensing Board Panel |
SECY RAS | |
Shared Package | |
ML11356A173 | List: |
References | |
RAS 21612, 50-247-LR, 50-286-LR, ASLBP 07-858-03-LR-BD01 | |
Download: ML11356A180 (3) | |
Text
NYSR00140 Revised: December 22, 2011
.............................................................................................. ,:~~~::~ .............#:~:.
OAGI0001268_00001
1, 3. ~ ('< t' *1+ <
i.;. ,.'". * . . rOSSdu;Klng C:ro~slinki:n~* ~
a linear ,'.. polvrner 'prior to crvstaUiSiltion tllay.~ eaUSe a nonnaUv.,. "{
senll"cfYSmlline p ....
.. *olyuler to lose iu crvs;UtHhlity, 'fhe 11]05(, (otrunonmethod J *** ~
fJfcro.sslinking is to trigger a thernl~lU¥~'a(t1v*aled catalyst by raising the temperature, Siu,e this telnpenu:uremust be well al){lv{! tht.~ rndting t(:~nJv.
peratu.re if crosslinkhlg is to take phlce .in are~uorhtbl'Y short: titne, this f()rr:n of crnssli:nkingah¥ilYs takes place \\~hen the poiYlner is in its liquid state~ Le.
in the flm.orj]hoWf rndt phase,H the temperature IS raised very quickly then it rna)' he po~sibk; for th(; (~russlinking to nan before the lalTIt>.llae structure
.". .. l' :*'t* :.* 1' ., d'*, . nKhJ, .:.{tu.*,:~ "'~,,}t t.' , 'I: .*....* l *f**f ,. **t* .... .*. * ., b'* .. ;....... ". d*' t ~
~.dl$(;.\tl 0 . $~ HH., .u.n.: J.n~l.Y .. t rt:J. .,une . tit. leallil.
- t. *. ' {.()fnpt tUlS .. f'.;.,~} .l.sP(* >'. ., *.
- n t)'H';i'....... *ti*,,~
{.,' .J"~" f.~ ..:a~'~~hl~
.............. AI .** :J..~ ... iit~~:r.r*e4::~
't .. ",0- " .... n£*1 tn(,}I~~(:~"'I::~l.1f*'
..... ~'\.. ,'\-.q. it~.'l: :rrt'~"~'I"*:.."'.~T-"~",, .. ,,~..,.t.~:'"
..*. ~~.:\. '~~'~AD.1f...1:;;I:R'\. ,.;.tof;, fl.." ...,,-.,,:~.,,:!t; .*,~.iV .....,,:~."-ti*r~"~*.":
-,:~.l:~.I.~.J!:... ~ 't.i. ...,Tf. .. ...1
- \~ q;.",,-,'\o**
by the crossl.l.nks::. h seerns likely thal tbe latneH.fle '\\:il1not bt~ ~lblt' to att~j;in a full spheruHtk :SH\u:ture in the ~)Hdstate, Under th(~s(~conditions in pnly:cthylene, or~le!'ed la.meUae n:1icro-dotnains1 '\s.pheruli.tk preCUf$()f 1;,.. "ll'*.~* ... \. ,~.,.y ..*.. .tl,.,l~* .' f.*'
~HnK~ ..U . 5n..~1.*!;.S
.;,. -Ii*. '
- H (.x~en(
- t(,.(l 1*,.:J: l" ... ,.tt, "'t ".' 't*.**" rft *('1
~.(;~nlf....itt. S.I ut..Urt:.S- *.,s. (n,.,. cOUJ(;(j w .,.t '" j H.** *DP**T.,:).
... ' .. 1":, .
tnav. bt the onlv fonn of trvst.allirte ,~, .. 3rrJfl e ;tNtlent t)o;5.'sible. lIu\'fever rf
~
spherulites arc sornetilues observ{~d in compre5$ion~*moulded thin.. Hlrn sped,.
r:rlen~H~,15 \vhich have been ct()s:slinked in this waY' .. in $u(~h $]x~dm(~n:$ the t.enlp('.r~uUu:. t hrongH1lH
.: .. " : . .:~: ,Y . '. : ," ."l:::t! ..' . '.
I te
.: :.' ',' *h ~JiU l*k o.f LIf:.
.:~ ", ~. h mau. U,J
' . . . . :.: *. ~ . . . *~ , .~. ~ ' 1 m(ly.b e raJse*.
.~. .."1.: :. . d \-cry quu:
. ...... " . : : .~. ..... . ., 'k'l
... .}
"l'. . . . : \;"
fHHll th(~ t:ru::h.h:ig point to that .n::quired for tbe hlili~ltio.n of (J()$:~dinking*
and Hlf1Cro.;.struetural rearran:o'crnent .m:zr\;,' also be hindered bv the thin ~:(' "j>"
section *of the fibn (typically only ;;~ fe\~' sphendite dianu=ters thick) and by (ohe~ive forces bet.\\:'(~(~n the po)vnwr ;uui the mouJd~urfa(:eQ .* -0' Not aU clo$slinking h~chniqu(:s n>quire dH;; US{'; of ttrnptratures in t'xctS$
oJ tIw mdt-ing point. For (~x~~mplt~* in tht~ $il~~nc~cn)$5Hnk1ng pr()c~ss dl~velol}ed for polyN-hyh:~nt~power c,able insul:H.iOt1; the polytner is, cured at apprnximatdy 1O(Y"C. Thi~ is Ju.stbelo\v the rnelting point of the lnore
- d. omloant d.n<J t.J(/>(~r
< ... ' h' k I ..tune n.. a(~ (-~ . H)" . . :.':) 0'(-'* .,
...*.,) ano~~.oy sp:eru*h 1*'Ite 1:forme*d .~d- unng .
nlou.lding\~'ou.ld not: b(~ destroyed at: this tt:-fu,)~~ratort~ . Ho\vt~'\tt~r $,ph(~rt:d.itt~$
are not nornnlH~' observed in this rnaterial arl(:l it seems1ikdy that the silane t
~ ~
\i,:'hkh is grafted ill temperanjn;~$ ~);bOl'e th(~ melting point" inhibits th.e produdion of long d(ltuinant lattlt:dlae r(,:quif(~d for $pht=~nditi{: growth, Radiation fuay al~o bcuse.d in c:rotl<slinking tf~e s()lid :stare* below the Indting p{~in.t ...At loviret doses this form of croSislinking doe*s not d.es:tro), t.he ,crystal..
linily and any original sphel'ulitic structure \\i'in be retained in thc$,ematerials provided they are not heated ahove their melting poinL L4S*ulk defects 1Mwffree volume yrheusual crystal defeC1Ei. such as disl(X'atirms, rnay be present LB polYlner crystals hut are difficult to* observe since tb{' r::ryslaUinity is only parti;dani.d OAGI0001268_00002
th(:'y af(:( O()t then.~h::n'(~ likdy to twdof:nin~lnL J\:'bny rrystai deft~:ct~ ar'e uniqu(~
tu* tu:. ...., ::<... ", '1. "
t':~.: (. r ('..X.,JJnp:t.
~ .~. .~' , ~" . * '!'1' 'I
(. hUH t~lH i :~ aM j iI t pl't.*s(n~. .. H..un
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., j '..~
. I.
- t l( (J*jl!i:Ll:I' .* H
~, ** ", "( -, \. **
is pns;~ible that there rnay 1)(; huried l()ops :(i.e. foltHng ;;\:lthhl the -cryM::al);
CIT tIlt reguhlt chain iuaybe hltt<rrupted\~'ith an incorrect raer {fot eX~Hnp!{~
a polypn;))Jylen:e unit rnayo*ccur ina J)oJyethykJtc chain g.iving riM~ [0 a uH.~thyJ group in a poly.;:;thykrw tT),':';laHitt .. Su*(h *d{'fe(Hi act to jn(Tt'fiM~ unit
.(.~':' .1:. . .....t;
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I.!.'J;U .. "., "?I:=: Col!* .... (~::. .t~'" n w~~ii . .r" s"l":'
f,.~.......... l~l:':: ~d "'~:f 1:. t,..~.It,'J." ..,.~. nf~;F-
, *... +~:I.. t. ..
'fhe specific volurne is; also inrnea$cd by th*e apparently ~n(~vhable pl"eS('.nce of nTi{:n)H)id~ inp~:Avnh;rt.,**nu;~S(t ttl.:ty b*t h)rnH~d dllritlg ln~lrnif~~:(tufe~)y
- t.t *..*:.
.. .l~.~., :"H,-:' I. :,?':,.,~.:.~...~\...~ .. 1o..t
~.. -~*~~.~~.~~~l!.~ ;.t:):'*l. ¥:~f. vol>=* "]:')"'* .t':l~"~**:fv""'I*VV"l~
- '," ~~.i.. ~~. -t:.._ 'L.1".. ~ .. ~~.J .. "'t,;. .... f:"~"'j. ~" p ~**{HJ:*l.:'
~.Ii..I:1,. *. ~:a: t..1"~ ... ~.~f.,i\; *fr.or"' \>:'r;:g<~n,
~.l :J:iG..!t...... ** ,J,J1 .. ~.":a;:I,: ... 1....a: ... =!-"'.~l f" !l . ~'~*n:<I:l':
..... .S!~. .<?:i~ ..So
~.i(::J.J:
r(.~.'*:n;:'tlnns
- .,. " '." .*: sm;h a"!;. 'fllos.e usrd for cfos.slinkiuq J. ...** . *. 1... ..". '. .,". >... ,., .~ ..):lH£ fhu!:lie'l::'iS{Kl-'lU'd \"I"ilb
- 00.*..* ,'.0:- * . ' _'".. ~ *..*.*** ~ ** '. ...* .
...... t;:** "".; .. ~ ..; n t 'li
- ".,]"'~.n* .* ~.*~.i.*. .,;'. ':.. :'.,
'1I*1"'1*of.- ".. t,!~n".~' .. ".i"f 4;'...-1.:.:;' *1 "fi }"-" .. c,
.:.:. :..>!!: . .*,.*.*., .. ,t:~ ".~. f).*.*} 'I'.'.i*
- I.,.~~. ~ H~:.:.*l :~ ...... H
.*.*1:,:" ,. '.:~.. 't.,.. :...~ ;';;
if'" ..A:* ,";'1'1' ~.....i: "'.:
.. .::lU. ;'~ (1i'1
...h: :H.:. ;~. i ,"':' .;....~:. \'~'" ~ ft..
.,:~:,:~' .... h Ina\' fiecornp!)se, rnigratt\ ;}ud outga:1i!; fn:ml crnsshnldng inhornog*eneilief!; if}
net~vork I){)~ynlers't;il:~ 1~ .;Jud atrno'SF)heric ga5(~$ ",,:'hieh fl~~ve not diffu$t:~d ouL Sh:lce ,di:ffusior1: is th{'~ 1'1.d UU}Vt;'Ulent of pani{Jes down a con cnH ratjon grrac:hent du{~ t(i i:h~ fandmn U1U\'(;U'lenl of ind.h:*i.du~d partk.lc$~ thf:rt~\\;'in al.\!i,'ays t~e S£.Hlle (indi\'oiduar)\'t)~ds *v\:*hich (Jo not leave the polytner during tua;nuhu:::turc, Forexarnple Stevens ttaL'J.':l h41\.'e found~ ttsing light scattering tedTniqu*es. thaJ ;]:n epoxy resin they manufactured and de~gasst~((under j
extr*erndy strillge:nl conditi<ul:S :MJU contain*ed 10 ~ *~~-....-... l 0 (J 'Itoi{i:s. nf .. Jwith dhtinm:c*t:s of :2 to 5 >:; It) .. ?, Hl {Le, Rbnu( Hr'" nt tile lot,al\'~:,luHle}, At tJu::
other extrerne, \'{}ids in the "lmlo.s/ of slearn . .*clH'ed lTosslinked .t""ruAv{*thvlent= .... " "
ca:blesn~a}' I:'HE' as large as 4: jUllan;;l tKCUpy a3 rnuch as l~i of the total
,. * . 1 , l:t:~'I~ ,. ;. ~- H. . . '..." ....' \.'... - t.*, , ..,.. ':.... **k*~ . ",-.. 1'." In*****;?.; "ix 1 rf " Ul,. . 'J"lllf} ~ , "
'Jd.)!UUle ., ' . } p-K~h!ly ml~.rO:(H{l:S ~ue l.U tne t~Hlgt:. -....~ ...... .t... .nt.~
Hktdy £0 gro\v ll) tb(~ :pre$'~*Ke *ofnu~~:Jlank~,I<~.nrJ elenrindJyv.(aused. (e,g:, by ti.laxw:eB forces) rned].aJlka~stn:'I!t.~ef:i.;t:<!*~J:'~ . *rhe 'Oppelt'sht> Ihnit oJ nlicn:~\:oid~
(ie; lvhcn tnkrnvnid8b(~(X)nl(~'i{()id$) issim'l)iy, ;l man(~r of ddiniti()u, fn
, ~
r"ractic(:~ the hu~ge (:nd of the tlrkn)void distribudon can be observed us:ing opdral mi(T~).S.ff}P.it-::) [l::~.:+li.I:lh:ll*t'$.an{i tbe pye6xmi£~t!. $ugg,t;,~tf4lbaI d~H." bOl.(h:'r~
'I:~:~"'::~
H.'.<,. nIl' 't16.~*j*
.. .... ~.~ ~~. *1.~:"~'Jf.*
- n. ~.. {rt")n~"~!"~ .:h~", H ~ ... ~.~ ... r~:,:;> n* r
... t .':'1'",;
i.~ .~. ,. :."l~~'*e r~ ;":'YJ: ~ ..... ~... Y'. ~ , ":1"1'..'J'-::' jf)';>'
~. . .... t:U: :o;;~H'....
g ... ,~:"~:!;,,,,,,,;~
hu n~. I.' ...~ (:a.h~":*f.:~ ... "': :~ .. ~
~.u.t. '.:~
in terro;; ofn:litl(lVoids. vlbich are lwrnleHlcnt, Udo\'v a fc\~' nm <<,;.:. ,,*. **:l
~j .... '\ .1*. ;.*. , *., i .., '1"1. .;1*, ...., t* ..* " ......., .... '., ~ .'. d.. " '.' ' . .'. ..* ..... ;1 ... * .... ",.,. , .*, ............. ~ ..~ ....*., ........,,. ..
m} l.n>!;:,lt lStf'lrt.l} to 1:)( Sl):~l(l, \dlll.n (.ununuous!;appt..Jl'S,,:U~h {H~(~ppt:~.ll"it
'1" , ..)....... N'"
. *. ~...
(lue to IHolecular rnotiQrl. resuhing in: thermal d~msityfif.H:.tu.(1:thtn$ and\-l{hi(Jl GlO 1)(' ffH.}aSUf(;d u$ing b:~$('r hghlscHltering: GJldob;'!.t'~rved as vh:>:tri(aJ 2l
, ,,*r,. I ,. I , " " ,
.t<'.fJ'.~~~"*'* \ n r: :.i!.":~":*er*"*~i*: t~l' :";;""::<:". ': '~""+'l' ~}.'**.~ ~*.S *.,. . <i.: ~,;~**~*:}nt:*~~** .,,'C" ":~":.:~ I.*:'~*' ':.: . '..............,'
- f. J, '1 ': I' I' *:>t:' .:,.",
J:.q .* ~ ".... . .... * .A "I.. . ............ il: .il:'1.>. oSl. ~. ~. f'.>l *.1'~A f. :J.. .. '1 ~ ~;,:t.. '.. . . 1, .*. ilI '. .~;, '... . .. 't*. ~".. ~. "."} -:-:I:.~". .I.r "M f. .,
1 j):. ICalctli.atiiF" trystallinitv fn:ln:l densi.tvn:leaSl.H'(\Ulent.s .~ 0;1 ,,./ 0;1" FCI't a &efni~,f:tystaUine polytner it ispossihle to estirnate the fraction of tlu~
$0.1 id that is cr'.,:staUin.t.". L(~, i.ts c-t"¥stldlinit'h bv deterrniningr th.e CUTve of gp'.ecihc
- . .y ~ . ;;-
vnh,r*n.
- ....... h.~.L .. "-'. ~. \~t]'t~1<
" ..*J *...l~::*~n** " ... !' ...... r'll':'~".':'t*
y-h.. ~. ~.~ ....... ~,*~.* *;*f*'
~.~ .......... ". *'h,~~ .... ', . .,JIi~*~*l*~"'T.*~!'i~{"*l*
':':~ .*..~ ..,..... 5,...*.h"" 1.'" '.. ~)f;'
- .... th~:'*
, ..to....... n~,,;*t
~........ 'A"'>'~~
h*"". H *':.r.....::, k*n,(',*v.n"
<t,.. <".. . . -"'....... I"+.S 1,...~.. !.. ;:",
.nul'l;t lw d'et¢~rnl.ined b\; XN~'a'v diffra<tlo:o). ,~.; . For {~X'(ll:llt,le .r. ~u.2(r;3(; .r.'I!:u:,.l\'*dh,;I(~n(:. " ~
bas. an onllOthornbh::unil: cdlwith din:ltttsio.ns i$(i prn x: 492 pro x 254 pn:li~;:
9.2(} Xl OZH rn::lcontaining tw'o ttlonorners units and tberef<Jr:e ha\>ing a relative n]olecuiar nms..s *01' 56.,1, This results in: a s.pedli( v{)h:une for the PU!t:::~ oyshhUnt.
- .* h ,.,.,., '1:'1::" .',
PMtS (h£:. .tIlt.
<. - , . '1.. .', *'1" .* :,. *'*1 .', '. o~.,',
P{J:.y*(*:t.Jl.t::ut: -(.\. ,nu", .::.;' l' (r':~' m.
l.~ =*~.r:;:l!O"" "". '.~
. ':;'k T .... :l'**rt "
g ,llIt.
OAGI0001268_00003