ML11349A095

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New York State (NYS) Pre-Filed Evidentiary Hearing Exhibit NYS000140, L. A. Dissado and J.C. Fothergill, Electrical Degradation and Breakdown in Polymers, Iee Materials and Devices Series 9 (1992) Excerpted: P. 18-19. (Dissado)
ML11349A095
Person / Time
Site: Indian Point  Entergy icon.png
Issue date: 12/15/2011
From: Dissado L, Fothergill J
Institution of Engineering and Technology
To:
Atomic Safety and Licensing Board Panel
SECY RAS
References
RAS 21545, 50-247-LR, 50-286-LR, ASLBP 07-858-03-LR-BD01
Download: ML11349A095 (3)
v • d • e


Text

NYS000140 Submitted: December 15, 2011

.............................................................................................. ,:~~~::~ .............#:~:.

OAGI0001268_00001

1, 3. ~ ('< t' *1+ <

i.;. ,.'". * . . rOSSdu;Klng C:ro~slinki:n~* ~

a linear ,'.. polvrner 'prior to crvstaUiSiltion tllay.~ eaUSe a nonnaUv.,. "{

senll"cfYSmlline p ....

.. *olyuler to lose iu crvs;UtHhlity, 'fhe 11]05(, (otrunonmethod J *** ~

fJfcro.sslinking is to trigger a thernl~lU¥~'a(t1v*aled catalyst by raising the temperature, Siu,e this telnpenu:uremust be well al){lv{! tht.~ rndting t(:~nJv.

peratu.re if crosslinkhlg is to take phlce .in are~uorhtbl'Y short: titne, this f()rr:n of crnssli:nkingah¥ilYs takes place \\~hen the poiYlner is in its liquid state~ Le.

in the flm.orj]hoWf rndt phase,H the temperature IS raised very quickly then it rna)' he po~sibk; for th(; (~russlinking to nan before the lalTIt>.llae structure

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by the crossl.l.nks::. h seerns likely thal tbe latneH.fle '\\:il1not bt~ ~lblt' to att~j;in a full spheruHtk :SH\u:ture in the ~)Hdstate, Under th(~s(~conditions in pnly:cthylene, or~le!'ed la.meUae n:1icro-dotnains1 '\s.pheruli.tk preCUf$()f 1;,.. "ll'*.~* ... \. ,~.,.y ..*.. .tl,.,l~* .' f.*'

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tnav. bt the onlv fonn of trvst.allirte ,~, .. 3rrJfl e ;tNtlent t)o;5.'sible. lIu\'fever rf

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spherulites arc sornetilues observ{~d in compre5$ion~*moulded thin.. Hlrn sped,.

r:rlen~H~,15 \vhich have been ct()s:slinked in this waY' .. in $u(~h $]x~dm(~n:$ the t.enlp('.r~uUu:. t hrongH1lH

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fHHll th(~ t:ru::h.h:ig point to that .n::quired for tbe hlili~ltio.n of (J()$:~dinking*

and Hlf1Cro.;.struetural rearran:o'crnent .m:zr\;,' also be hindered bv the thin ~:(' "j>"

section *of the fibn (typically only ;;~ fe\~' sphendite dianu=ters thick) and by (ohe~ive forces bet.\\:'(~(~n the po)vnwr ;uui the mouJd~urfa(:eQ .* -0' Not aU clo$slinking h~chniqu(:s n>quire dH;; US{'; of ttrnptratures in t'xctS$

oJ tIw mdt-ing point. For (~x~~mplt~* in tht~ $il~~nc~cn)$5Hnk1ng pr()c~ss dl~velol}ed for polyN-hyh:~nt~power c,able insul:H.iOt1; the polytner is, cured at apprnximatdy 1O(Y"C. Thi~ is Ju.stbelo\v the rnelting point of the lnore

d. omloant d.n<J t.J(/>(~r

< ... ' h' k I ..tune n.. a(~ (-~ . H)" . . :.':) 0'(-'* .,

...*.,) ano~~.oy sp:eru*h 1*'Ite 1:forme*d .~d- unng .

nlou.lding\~'ou.ld not: b(~ destroyed at: this tt:-fu,)~~ratort~ . Ho\vt~'\tt~r $,ph(~rt:d.itt~$

are not nornnlH~' observed in this rnaterial arl(:l it seems1ikdy that the silane t

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\i,:'hkh is grafted ill temperanjn;~$ ~);bOl'e th(~ melting point" inhibits th.e produdion of long d(ltuinant lattlt:dlae r(,:quif(~d for $pht=~nditi{: growth, Radiation fuay al~o bcuse.d in c:rotl<slinking tf~e s()lid :stare* below the Indting p{~in.t ...At loviret doses this form of croSislinking doe*s not d.es:tro), t.he ,crystal..

linily and any original sphel'ulitic structure \\i'in be retained in thc$,ematerials provided they are not heated ahove their melting poinL L4S*ulk defects 1Mwffree volume yrheusual crystal defeC1Ei. such as disl(X'atirms, rnay be present LB polYlner crystals hut are difficult to* observe since tb{' r::ryslaUinity is only parti;dani.d OAGI0001268_00002

th(:'y af(:( O()t then.~h::n'(~ likdy to twdof:nin~lnL J\:'bny rrystai deft~:ct~ ar'e uniqu(~

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is pns;~ible that there rnay 1)(; huried l()ops :(i.e. foltHng ;;\:lthhl the -cryM::al);

CIT tIlt reguhlt chain iuaybe hltt<rrupted\~'ith an incorrect raer {fot eX~Hnp!{~

a polypn;))Jylen:e unit rnayo*ccur ina J)oJyethykJtc chain g.iving riM~ [0 a uH.~thyJ group in a poly.;:;thykrw tT),':';laHitt .. Su*(h *d{'fe(Hi act to jn(Tt'fiM~ unit

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net~vork I){)~ynlers't;il:~ 1~ .;Jud atrno'SF)heric ga5(~$ ",,:'hieh fl~~ve not diffu$t:~d ouL Sh:lce ,di:ffusior1: is th{'~ 1'1.d UU}Vt;'Ulent of pani{Jes down a con cnH ratjon grrac:hent du{~ t(i i:h~ fandmn U1U\'(;U'lenl of ind.h:*i.du~d partk.lc$~ thf:rt~\\;'in al.\!i,'ays t~e S£.Hlle (indi\'oiduar)\'t)~ds *v\:*hich (Jo not leave the polytner during tua;nuhu:::turc, Forexarnple Stevens ttaL'J.':l h41\.'e found~ ttsing light scattering tedTniqu*es. thaJ ;]:n epoxy resin they manufactured and de~gasst~((under j

extr*erndy strillge:nl conditi<ul:S :MJU contain*ed 10 ~ *~~-....-... l 0 (J 'Itoi{i:s. nf .. Jwith dhtinm:c*t:s of :2 to 5 >:; It) .. ?, Hl {Le, Rbnu( Hr'" nt tile lot,al\'~:,luHle}, At tJu::

other extrerne, \'{}ids in the "lmlo.s/ of slearn . .*clH'ed lTosslinked .t""ruAv{*thvlent= .... " "

ca:blesn~a}' I:'HE' as large as 4: jUllan;;l tKCUpy a3 rnuch as l~i of the total

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'Jd.)!UUle ., ' . } p-K~h!ly ml~.rO:(H{l:S ~ue l.U tne t~Hlgt:. -....~ ...... .t... .nt.~

Hktdy £0 gro\v ll) tb(~ :pre$'~*Ke *ofnu~~:Jlank~,I<~.nrJ elenrindJyv.(aused. (e,g:, by ti.laxw:eB forces) rned].aJlka~stn:'I!t.~ef:i.;t:<!*~J:'~ . *rhe 'Oppelt'sht> Ihnit oJ nlicn:~\:oid~

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m} l.n>!;:,lt lStf'lrt.l} to 1:)( Sl):~l(l, \dlll.n (.ununuous!;appt..Jl'S,,:U~h {H~(~ppt:~.ll"it

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(lue to IHolecular rnotiQrl. resuhing in: thermal d~msityfif.H:.tu.(1:thtn$ and\-l{hi(Jl GlO 1)(' ffH.}aSUf(;d u$ing b:~$('r hghlscHltering: GJldob;'!.t'~rved as vh:>:tri(aJ 2l

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1 j):. ICalctli.atiiF" trystallinitv fn:ln:l densi.tvn:leaSl.H'(\Ulent.s .~ 0;1 ,,./ 0;1" FCI't a &efni~,f:tystaUine polytner it ispossihle to estirnate the fraction of tlu~

$0.1 id that is cr'.,:staUin.t.". L(~, i.ts c-t"¥stldlinit'h bv deterrniningr th.e CUTve of gp'.ecihc

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.nul'l;t lw d'et¢~rnl.ined b\; XN~'a'v diffra<tlo:o). ,~.; . For {~X'(ll:llt,le .r. ~u.2(r;3(; .r.'I!:u:,.l\'*dh,;I(~n(:. " ~

bas. an onllOthornbh::unil: cdlwith din:ltttsio.ns i$(i prn x: 492 pro x 254 pn:li~;:

9.2(} Xl OZH rn::lcontaining tw'o ttlonorners units and tberef<Jr:e ha\>ing a relative n]olecuiar nms..s *01' 56.,1, This results in: a s.pedli( v{)h:une for the PU!t:::~ oyshhUnt.

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