ML100070003

Drill Final Report of 2009-10-06 - Radiological Emergency Preparedness (REP) Program 2009-12-10

ML100070003
Person / Time
Site:	Quad Cities
Issue date:	12/10/2009
From:	US Dept of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency
To:	Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
References
Download: ML100070003 (16)

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Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station Drill Report - 2009-10-06 Final Report - Radiological Emergency Preparedness (REP) Program 2009-12-10

Drill Report Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station Drill Date: 2009-10-06 Report Date: 2009-12-10 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Federal Emergency Management Agency REP Program 9221 Ward Parkway, Suite 300 Kansas City, MO 64114

Table of Contents Chapter 1 Executive Summary Chapter 2 Introduction Chapter 3 Drill Overview Section 3.1 EPZ Description Section 3.2 Drill Participants Chapter 4 Drill Evaluation and Results Section 4.1 Summary Results of Drill Evaluation Section 4.2 Status of Jurisdictions Evaluated 4.2.1 Support Jurisdictions 4.2.1.1 Genesis Medical Center - DeWitt 4.2.1.2 DeWitt Ambulance Service Appendices Appendix 1 - Acronyms and Abbreviations Appendix 2 - Drill Evaluators and Team Leaders

1. Executive Summary On October 6, 2009, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Region VII, conducted a medical services drill in the plume emergency-planning zone (EPZ) around the Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station. The purpose of the drill was to assess the level of State and local preparedness in responding to a radiological emergency. This drill was held in accordance with FEMA's policies and guidance concerning the exercise of State and local radiological emergency response plans and procedures. The previous medical service drill at this site was conducted on September 28, 2007.

FEMA wishes to acknowledge the efforts of the many individuals who participated in this drill. In the State of Iowa, the Risk County of Clinton participated, along with the Genesis Medical Center - DeWitt and the DeWitt Ambulance Services. The efforts of the utility should also be commended for their work on training and drill preparation.

Protecting the public health and safety is the full-time job of some of the exercise participants and an additional assigned responsibility for others. Still others have willingly sought this responsibility by volunteering to provide vital emergency services to their communities. A special thank you is once again extended to those wonderful volunteers. Cooperation and teamwork of all the participants were evident during this drill.

The State and local organizations demonstrated knowledge of their emergency response plans and procedures and adequately implemented them. No deficiencies were identified. One Area Requiring Corrective Action (ARCA) was identified as a result of this drill. There were no Previous ARCAs to be corrected during this drill.

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2. Introduction On December 7, 1979, the President directed FEMA to assume lead responsibility for all offsite nuclear planning and response. FEMA's activities are conducted pursuant to 44 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Parts 350, 351, and 352. These regulations are a key element in the Radiological Emergency Preparedness (REP) Program that was established following the Three Mile Island Nuclear Station accident in March 1979.

FEMA Rule 44 CFR 350 establishes the policies and procedures for FEMA's initial and continued approval of State and local governments' radiological emergency planning and preparedness for commercial nuclear power plants. This approval is contingent, in part, on State and local governments' participation in joint exercises with licensees.

FEMA's responsibilities in radiological emergency planning for fixed nuclear facilities include the following:

• Taking the lead in offsite emergency planning and in the review and evaluation of radiological emergency response plans (RERP) and procedures developed by State and local governments.

• Determining whether such plans and procedures can be implemented on the basis of evaluation of exercises of the plans and procedures conducted by State and local governments.

• Responding to requests by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) pursuant to the Memorandum of Understanding between the NRC and FEMA (Federal Register, Vol. 58, No. 176, September 14, 1993).

• Coordinating the activities of the following Federal agencies with responsibilities in the radiological emergency planning process:

-U.S. Department of Commerce

-U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission

-U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

-U.S. Department of Energy

-U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

-U.S. Food and Drug Administration

-U.S. Public Health Service

-U.S. Department of Transportation

-U.S. Department of Agriculture

-U.S. Department of the Interior Representatives of these agencies serve on the FEMA Region VII Regional Assistance 2

Committee (RAC), which is chaired by FEMA.

A REP medical service drill was conducted on October 6, 2009, by FEMA Region VII to assess the capabilities of the States and local offsite emergency preparedness organizations in implementing their RERPs and procedures to protect the public during a radiological emergency involving the Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station. The purpose of this drill report is to present the exercise results and findings on the performance of the offsite response organizations (OROs) during a simulated radiological emergency.

The findings presented in this report are based on the evaluations of the Federal evaluator team, with final determinations made by the FEMA Region VII RAC Chairperson and approved by the Regional Administrator.

The criteria utilized in the FEMA evaluation process are contained in:

• NUREG-0654/FEMA-REP-1, Rev. 1, "Criteria for Preparation and Evaluation of Radiological Emergency Response Plans and Preparedness in Support of Nuclear Power Plants," November 1980.

• Radiological Emergency Preparedness: Exercise Evaluation Methodology as published in the Federal Register September 12, 2001 and April 25, 2002.

Chapter 3 of this report, entitled "Drill Overview," presents basic information and data relevant to the exercise.

Chapter 4 of this report, entitled "Drill Evaluation and Results," presents basic information on the demonstration of applicable exercise criteria at each jurisdiction or functional entity evaluated in a jurisdiction-based, issues only format. This section also contains: (1) descriptions of all Deficiencies and ARCAs assessed during this exercise, recommended corrective actions, and the State and local governments' Schedule of Corrective Actions for each identified exercise issue and (2) descriptions of ARCAs assessed during previous exercises and the status of the OROs efforts to resolve them.

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3. Drill Overview Contained in this chapter are data and basic information relevant to the October 6, 2009, medical services drill to test the offsite emergency response capabilities in the area surrounding the Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station.

3.1. EPZ Description The Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station (QCNPS), Units 1 and 2, is located in Cordova Township, Rock Island County, Illinois, ten miles northeast of the city of LeClaire, Iowa, and ten miles southwest of the city of Clinton, Iowa. The plant is on the eastern bank of the Mississippi River opposite the mouth of the Wapsipinicon River. The site is at Mississippi River Mile Marker Number 507 above the mouth of the Ohio River. The topography of the site and its immediate environs is low and relatively flat, with a mean elevation of approxmately 605 feet. The ground surface drops off abruptly, approximately 30 feet down to the bank of the river.

The Mississippi River bisects the Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ) from north to south, passing adjacent to the plant. The river is used for commercial waterborne traffic and is a prime area for recreational boating and fishing. In addition to the river, U.S. Highway 30 passes through the northern portion of the EPZ passing within 6 miles of the plant.

U.S. Highway 67, which parallels the Mississippi River, bisects the entire EPZ in a north-south direction passing within 2 1/2 miles of the plant and State Highway 136 passes through the northern portion of the EPZ.

The EPZ for the Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station consists of an irregular shaped circle with the power station as the center point. It extends 10 to 13 miles outward, including all of Clinton and LeClaire. The EPZ encompasses the Mississippi River floodplain, including the cities and villages built on the floodplain river bluffs, and gently rolling hills further away from the river. The floodplain on the Iowa side of the Mississippi River is relatively narrow and, thus has constrained urban and industrial development in this area.

The 10-mile EPZ total summer population (permanent residents and transients) based on the 2000 census, is 61,327 of which 53,965 reside within Clinton and Scott Counties in Iowa. The remainder of the EPZ is in Rock Island and Whiteside Counties in Illinois with a population in the summer of 7,362.

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Both Clinton and Scott Counties are typical agricultural areas with the majority of land used for cash grain production and livestock. Communities within Scott County that are located in the 10-mile EPZ are McCausland, Princeton, and Le Claire. Communities within Clinton County that are located in the 10-mile EPZ are Low Moor, Folletts, Camanche, Malone, Elvira, and Clinton. Industrial and professional activities are principally located in the Clinton and Camanche metropolitan areas. There are 24 major employers in the Iowa EPZ. The Iowa 10-mile EPZ is divided into 12 pre-identified subareas, which are defined for the public in terms of clearly recognizable landmark descriptions.

Major parks and recreational areas located in the EPZ include the Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife/Fish Refuge, Princeton State Wildlife Management Area, Fairbanks Fishing Hole, Rock Creek Park, Riverview Park, Riverview Stadium, and passenger riverboats.

Area transportation includes the Mississippi River, Clinton County airport, railroads, and major highways.

3.2. Drill Participants Agencies and organizations of the following jurisdictions participated in the Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station drill:

Support Jurisdictions DeWitt Ambulance Services Genesis Medical Center - DeWitt 5

4. Drill Evaluation and Results Contained in this chapter are the results and findings of the evaluation of participants in the October 6, 2009, medical service drill to test the offsite emergency response capabilities of State and local governments in the 10-mile EPZ surrounding the Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station.

Each functional entity was evaluated on the basis of its demonstration of criteria contained in exercise evaluation areas delineated in Emergency Preparedness:

Exercise Evaluation Methodology as printed in the Federal Register September 12, 2001 and April 25, 2002.

4.1. Summary Results of Drill Evaluation The matrix presented in Table 2, on the following page, presents the status of all exercise criteria, which were scheduled for demonstration during this drill, at all participating jurisdictions and functional entities. Exercise criteria are listed by number and the demonstration status of those criteria is indicated by the use of the following letters:

M - Met (No Deficiency or ARCAs assessed and no unresolved ARCAs from prior exercises)

D - Deficiency assessed A - Area Requiring Corrective Action (ARCA) assessed or unresolved ARCA(s) from prior exercises)

N - Not Demonstrated (Reason explained in subsection B) 6

Table 1 - Summary of Drill Evaluation Genesis Medical Center - DeWitt DeWitt Ambulance Service DATE: 2009-10-06 SITE: Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, IL A: ARCA, D: Deficiency, M: Met, N: Not Demonstrated Emergency Operations Management Mobilization 1a1 Facilities 1b1 Direction and Control 1c1 Communications Equipment 1d1 Equip & Supplies to support operations 1e1 M M Protective Action Decision Making Emergency Worker Exposure Control 2a1 Radiological Assessment and PARs 2b1 Decisions for the Plume Phase -PADs 2b2 PADs for protection of special populations 2c1 Rad Assessment and Decision making for the Ingestion Exposure Pathway 2d1 Rad Assessment and Decision making concerning Relocation, Reentry, and Return 2e1 Protective Action Implementation Implementation of emergency worker exposure control 3a1 M M Implementation of KI decision 3b1 M Implementation of protective actions for special populations - EOCs 3c1 Implementation of protective actions for Schools 3c2 Implementation of traffic and access control 3d1 Impediments to evacuation are identified and resolved 3d2 Implementation of ingestion pathway decisions - availability/use of info 3e1 Materials for Ingestion Pathway PADs are available 3e2 Implementation of relocation, re-entry, and return decisions. 3f1 Field Measurement and Analysis Adequate Equipment for Plume Phase Field Measurements 4a1 Field Teams obtain sufficient information 4a2 Field Teams Manage Sample Collection Appropriately 4a3 Post plume phase field measurements and sampling 4b1 Laboratory operations 4c1 Emergency Notification and Public Info Activation of the prompt alert and notification system 5a1 Activation of the prompt alert and notification system - Fast Breaker 5a2 Activation of the prompt alert and notification system - Exception areas 5a3 Emergency information and instructions for the public and the media 5b1 Support Operations/Facilities Mon / decon of evacuees and emergency workers, and registration of evacuees 6a1 Mon / decon of emergency worker equipment 6b1 Temporary care of evacuees 6c1 Transportation and treatment of contaminated injured individuals 6d1 A M 7

4.2. Status of Jurisdictions Evaluated 4.2.1. Support Jurisdictions 4.2.1.1. Genesis Medical Center - DeWitt

a. MET: 1.e.1, 3.a.1.

b. AREAS REQUIRING CORRECTIVE ACTION: 6.d.1.

ISSUE NO.: 51-09-6d1-A-01 CRITERION: Facility/ORO has the appropriate space, adequate resources, and trained personnel to provide transport, monitoring, decontamination, and medical services to contaminated injured individuals. (NUREG-0654, F.2.,

H.10., K.5.a.b., L.1., 4)

CONDITION: The radiological survey team was not familiar with the survey equipment and failed to adequately perform operations check on the Ludlum survey meters. Radiological Monitoring staff did not adequately determine background radiation levels in the emergency room area. Radiological monitoring staff could not provide correct readings from the radiation survey instrument.

POSSIBLE CAUSE: Monitoring team staff were not adequately trained on how to read and operate the survey instruments as the survey team had not received hands on training on the set up of the Ludlum instruments.

The Genesis Medical Center Radiation Emergency Response Procedures, Revision 5, January 2008, has an Attachment N, Radiological Operation Annex, that provides procedures for battery installation, battery testing, cable connection, operational checks, and source checks. However, there is nowhere in the plan where Attachment N is assigned as a specific responsibility of an individual, nor is there anywhere in the plan that addresses instrumentation in general. Page 9 of the Procedures instructs radiology technologists to review attachment "O" in a parenthetical statement in the introduction of the responsibilities. There is no specific responsibility 8

enumerated in the body of the procedures. Furthermore, there is no Attachment O.

Monitoring staff were not adequately trained on the need to determine background levels using a standard technique.

The Genesis Medical Center Radiation Emergency Response Procedures do not address the determination of background. It is not included in the Radiological Technologists responsibilities, or in Appendix N, Radiological Operations Annex.

The Genesis Medical Center Radiation Emergency Response Procedures directs the charge nurse to distribute Attachment E, Radiology Technologist Responsibilities to the Radiology Technologists. However, Attachment E provides procedures for performing X-Ray diagnostics on a potentially contaminated individual, not on the duties of a Radiology Technologist performing contamination surveys.

REFERENCE:

NUREG-0654/FEMA REP 1, Rev. 1, Planning Standard L.

Genesis Medical Center, Radiation Emergency Response Plan, Revision 5, January 2008, Procedures, Section B., Radiology Technologists (RTs)

Responsibilities Genesis Medical Center, DeWitt, Iowa, Radiation Emergency Response Procedures, Revision 5, January 2008, Radiology Technologist Responsibilities, page 9.

Genesis Medical Center, DeWitt, Iowa, Radiation Emergency Response Procedures, Revision 5, January 2008, Attachment N, page 48.

Clinton County Plan, Attachment A.

EFFECT: The radiological survey team began to use instruments that were inoperable. This would have resulted in not locating actual contamination.

Once the instruments were operating, the team did not perform a source check on the device so there would have been no confidence in the survey numbers. Contamination would not have been found or would have been 9

indicated where there was none.

The monitoring team staff could not provide accurate radiation survey data to the decontamination staff resulting in missing contamination on the patient that would not be removed.

No defensible background level was determined in order to adequately assess the effectiveness of decontamination efforts.

RECOMMENDATION: Additional hands-on training should be performed on a continuous basis for medical staff assigned to radiological survey duty.

Assign an individual the responsibility of assembling the instruments and performing operability checks on the instruments.

Update Emergency Response procedures to provide more details concerning instrumentation.

Provide survey personnel with a set of responsibilities that details assembling the instrument and performing operability checks.

Develop a well-trained monitoring team of several people available to every shift that is capable of performing adequate patient contamination surveys.

Train monitoring staff on the process for determining background radiation levels.

Provide a monitoring responsibility checklist for the monitoring team to use to determine background radiation levels.

Include the determination of background radiation as a specific responsibility of a radiology technician.

SCHEDULE OF CORRECTIVE ACTIONS:

State of Iowa indicated that additional training sessions will be scheduled for staff assigned to radiological monitoring duties. This criterion will be demonstrated at the Genesis Hospital during its next medical drill.

Excelon Corporation agreed to modify Genesis Hospital procedures and 10

submit to FEMA Region VII for review and approval by January 15, 2010.

c. DEFICIENCY: None

d. NOT DEMONSTRATED: None

e. PRIOR ISSUES - RESOLVED: None

f. PRIOR ISSUES - UNRESOLVED: None 4.2.1.2. DeWitt Ambulance Service

a. MET: 1.e.1, 3.a.1, 3.b.1, 6.d.1.

b. AREAS REQUIRING CORRECTIVE ACTION: None

c. DEFICIENCY: None

d. NOT DEMONSTRATED: None

e. PRIOR ISSUES - RESOLVED: None

f. PRIOR ISSUES - UNRESOLVED: None 11

APPENDIX 1 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ARCA Area Requiring Corrective Action EPZ Emergency Planning Zone FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission QCNPS Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station RAC Regional Assistance Committee REP Radiological Emergency Preparedness 12

APPENDIX 2 DRILL EVALUATORS AND TEAM LEADERS DATE: 2009-10-06, SITE: Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, IL LOCATION EVALUATOR AGENCY Genesis Medical Center - DeWitt Garianne Howard ICF DeWitt Ambulance Service Al Lookabaugh ICF

• Team Leader 13