ML071300603
| ML071300603 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Indian Point  |
| Issue date: | 01/26/2007 |
| From: | Deborah Gray Entergy Nuclear Operations |
| To: | Noggle J NRC/RGN-I/DRS/PSB2 |
| References | |
| FOIA/PA-2007-0166 | |
| Download: ML071300603 (33) | |
Text
{{#Wiki_filter:j*arnesN.I-6q - RE: Pre-Operafional Studies _ Pagej1 From: "Gray, Dara F" <DGray@entergy.com> To: "James Noggle" <JDN @nrc.gov> Date: 01/26/2007 2:07:55 PM
Subject:
RE: Pre-Operational Studies Jim Here's the 1959 reports Dara Gray, REM Chemistry/Environmental Indian Point Energy Center (914) 736-8414 DGray@ Entergy.com This e-mail a ny attachments ther are intended only for the use by the addressee(s) ed herein contain proprietary and confidential information. Ifyou are theih ended recipient of this e-mail, you are hereby notified that a semination, distribution, or copying of this e-mail, and any a chmen ereto, is strictly prohibited. Ifyou have received thi -mail in error, p se immediately notify me by telephone an ermanently delete the inal and any copy of any e-mail and any p r tout thereof.
-----Original Message -----
From: James Noggle [1] Sent: Friday, January 26, 2007 10:01 AM To: Gray, Dara F
Subject:
Re: Pre-Operational Studies
Dear Dara,
Though the info even predates some weapons testing fallout, still it represents a complete review of IPEC enironmental sampling data, so I would like an e-mail copy of this info. Also, what about the intervening years? 1958-1973? Regards, Jim
>>> "Gray, Dara F" <DGray@entergy.com> 1/26/2007 6:24 AM >>>
Hi Jim We did actually find 'Pre-Operational Environmental Surveys of Radioactivity in the Vicinity of Indian Point Power Plant" for 1958 and 1958. Although water and fish were included, given the era - the only measurements were gross alpha and gross beta. So, I don't believe this will be of much help but ifyou want copies let me know. I am still
!Ja es o e -RE: Pre-Operational Studies......... Page2 looking for any other historical baseline data to be found. Dara Gray, REM Chem istry/Environmental Indian Point Energy Center (914) 736-8414 DGray@ Entergy.com use a any attachments t rt oar intended only for the This e-mail an e n /a ee.adcnanporeayadcnieta o drsse~)nn byh fti - al
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PRE-OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEY IN THE VICINITY OF INDIAN POINT NUCLEAR POWER PLANT 1959 TEST BUREAU METER AND TEST DEPARTMENT CONSOLIP1TED EDISON COMANY OF NEN YORK, INC.
PRE-OPERATIONAL ENVIROD4MNT SURVEY OF RADIOACTIVITY IN TIE VICINITY OF INDIAN POINT NUCLEAR POWER PLANT 1959 This report describes the results obtained in the pre-opera-tional environmental survey of 1959 which was a continuation of the survey conducted during 1958. The survey methods and the 1958 results were previously reported. These measurements are being continued in order to show the level of radioactivity existing before the reactor goes into operation. The results should therefore show any variation in activity that may be expected from natural sources, fallout from bomb tests or other sources, in the vicinity. Seven sites on the west side of the Hudson River in Orange and Rockland Counties were added in 1959. In addition to air and water, samples of vegetation, soil and a limited number of biological specimens were collected. A total of 680 samples of all media was obtained and checked for radioactivity. The gross beta activity of the air, water and vegetation samples collected during 1959 show a marked reduction over 1958. Other surveys have also shown this trend and have attributed it to the cessation of nuclear weapons testing. The results of the survey show the activity in the vicinity of Indian Point to be low and comparable to that existing at other locations in the country. This data will be of much use as a comparison with the data obtained atter the reactor goes into operation. Complete results of the tests, together with a descrintion of the sampling locations, are given in Sections I and II. The radioactivity of individual sanples .are shown on a monthly basis so that long term trends become more apparent. On these charts the collection date of the individual samples are not given but are shown in approximate sampling order for ease of presentation. Section III contains two reports of investigations conducted in 1959 in addition to the routine survey. One of these describes tests male to determine the Strontium 90 content in soil sample's and the other pertains to measurements of radon in well water.
Results of the environmental survey in this area performed by the Now York State Department of Health were published in a report dated November, 1959 and are not shown herein. Near the end of the year it became apparent that the radioactivity of the environment throughout the survey area was so uniform that samples taken at the plant site would be representative of the entire region and the program was curtailed by eliminating air and water collections at the sampling stations off the Indian Point Plant. The 1960 survey will be conducted on the following sampling schedule: Continuous air particulate at Indian Point Fallout collection at Indian Point Weekly collection of Hudson River water Weekly collection of drinking water from four sources Weekly collection of surface water from Indian Point Lake Monthly collection of well water from Indian Point and Verplanck Vegetation collection from each sampling station in June, August, and October Soil collection from each station in July A. K. Joecks wfn.rr Test Engineer
SAMPLING LOCATIONS The locations chosen to sample air, water, soil and vegetation are shown on the map of the Indian Point area designated as Plate 1. Additional test sites were added for the 1959 survey covering an area west of the Hudson River in both the Rockland and Orange Counties. The geographical locations circled and numbered on the map are listed in Table I which describes the types of samples collected periodically.
SECTION I SAMPLING LOCATIONS I:-I
TABLE I SAMPLING LOCATIONS WESTCHESTER COUNTY SAMPLING STATION NO. GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION SAMPLES COLLECTED 1 Indian Point Plant Site Air, soil, vegetation, Bleakley Ave., fish, Hudson River water, Buchanan local pond and well water, drinking water. 2 Peekskill Fuel Co. Air, soil, vegetation, 6th St & Hudson River Hudson River water. Verplanck 3 Flood Gate Dock Air soil, vegetation, Kings Ferry Road and fish, water from Lake Meahagh, Verplanck Lake Meahagh and Hudson River.
.4 Cruger Unit Substation Air, soil, vegetation, Rt. 9 & Railroad Ave., water from local pond.
Crugers Park, Cortlandt 5 Chimney Corner Air, soil, vegetation, Restaurant Rt. 9 and water from Furnace Dock Furnace Dock Rd., Pond. Cortlandt 6 Valeria Home, Air, soil, vegetation Furnace Dock Rd and water from Dickerson Furnace Woods Rd., Pond. Furnace Woods 7 Hunterbrook Unit Air, soil, vegetation, Substation, Old Crompond water from Lake Mohansic. Rd., & Hunterbrook Rd., Yorktown Mohegan Unit Air, soil, vegetation, Substation Lexington water from Mohegan Lake. Ave., Mohegan Lake 9 Algonquin Gas Metering Air, soil, vegetation. Station, Crompond Rd.,
& Croton Ave., Crompond
TABLE I (CONT',D) SAMPLING LOCATIONS (CONT'D) WESTCHESTER COUNTY (CONT'D) SA14PLING STATION NO. GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION SAMPLES COLLECTED 10 Citron Upholstery Co., Air, soil, vegetation.
*Crompond Rd., and Lafayette Ave.,Cortlandt 11 Peekskill Garage Air, soil, vegetation, Main St & Hamilton water from Peekskill Ave., Peekskill Reservoir.
12 Peekskill Gas Holder Air, soil, vegetation, Pemart Ave. & Water Hudson River water. St., Peekskill 13 Esso Gas Co., Air, soil, vegetation, Roa Hook Rd., & Hudson River water. Hudson River, Cortlandt 14 Camp Smith Air, soil, vegetation, Rt. 6, Cortlandt water from pond, well and drinking water. 15 National Guard Air, soil, vegetation, Armory, Washington water from Loundsbury St.and Welcher Ave., Pond. Peekskill 16 Mt. Kisco Gas Holder Air, soil, vegetation. Suttons Row and Bedford Rd., Mt. Kisco 20 Millwood Substation Air, soil, vegetation, Quaker St & water from Still Lake. Millwood Rd., Milwood
inUiiJL~E~V1U~Ui TABLE I (CONT7"D) SA14PLING LOCATIONS (CONT'D) WESTCHESTER COUNTY (CONT'D) SAMPLING STATION NO, GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION SAMPLES COLLECTED 21 Ossining Substation Air, soil, vegetation, Market and Hill St., Hudson River water and Ossining drinking water. 23 Croton Unit Sub- Air, soil, vegetation, station Rt. 9, Hudson River water and Croton-on-Hudson drinking water. 24 Yorktown Substation, Air, soil, vegetation, Taconic Pkway and water from New Croton Croton Dam Rd., Reservoir. Cortlandt ROCKLAND COUNTY 30 Rockland Fuel Co., Air, soil, vegetation, Haverstraw Hudson River water and drinking water. 31 U. S. Gypsum Co., Air, soil, vegetation, Grassy Point Hudson River water, well and drinking water. 32 Algonquin Metering Air, soil, vegetation, Station, Rt. 210 local drinking water. Cedar Flats 33 Lovett Generating Air, soil, vegetation, Station, Rockland Hudson River water. and Orange, L. & P. Co., Tompkins Cove 34 Barneyts Tavern Air, soil, vegetation, Jones Point Hudson River water and drinking water from well.
W 111,111sming1j, 2 - ---- - - M11100115111i
'M 11111111111911, MIMMXV" " -- - R.- R.F.- w-, -1515"Fimmmoom TABLE I (CONT'D)
SAMPLING LOCATION (CONT'D) ORANGE COUNTY SAMPLING STATION NO. GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION SAMPLES COLLECTED 35 Anthony Wayne Air, soil, vegetation, Recreation Park water from Hessian Lake. Bear Mountain Park 36 Perkins Memorial Air, soil, vegetation, Bear Mountain Park water from Hessian Lake. PUTNAM COUNTY Mom's Rbstaurant Air, soil, vegetation, Rt. 9D, Manitou drinking water from well and water from Hudson River 41 Highland Country Air, soil, vegetation, Club water from pond, Rt. 9D, Garrison Hudson River water, spring water and well drinking water. 42 Tony's Garage Air, soil, vegetation, Rt. 301 Hudson River water and Nelsonville drinking water. 44 Adams Corner Air, soil, vegetation, Substation water from Lake Peekskill Peekskill Hollow Rd., and well. Adams Corner
SECTION II RESULTS OF MEASURDEMNTS NOTE:
- 1. Counting errors are based on a 95%
confidence level. I,
- 2. All samples were measured approximately 48 hours after collection.
3, All samples-were checked for alpha decay but no measurable activity was noted after the 48-hour hold-up period. ii
RESULTS OF MEASUREMENTS Air Particulate The collection and measurement of air particulate was continued through 1959 in approximately the same manner as in 1958. On Plate 2 is shown the activity of particulate collected in millipore filters at the plant site measured 48 hours and 60 days after collection, The results obtained during 1958 are also shown on this chart to point out the decline in radioactivity since the cessation of weapons testing. Records of wind direction and velocity, at a point 100 feet above grade at the plant site, were obtained and are on file, A continuous air monitor and wind recorder in the mobile monitor survey unit were in operation at the sampling stations throughout the year. As in 1958, the unit was operated at a station for three or four days and then moved to another location, At the completion of its stay at a station, the filter paper was removed from the air mcnitor and the activity measured in the laboratory. The results of these measurements are given on.Plate 3. An examination of the continuous air monitor charts showed that in 1959 the number of radioactivity increases due to temperature inversions occurred on 75 nights as compared to 62 nightly increases during the nine months of monitoring in 1958. The report for 1958 attributed these excursions to temperature inversions and it was pointed out that the wind velocity records showed no air movement during these periods. A similar wind condition existed during 70 of these nights in 1959, but during the other five nights it was observed that a mild breeze was blov:ing from the Camp Smith area to the station where the monitor was located. The records further show that when the wind direction shifted slightly, the radioactivity decreased to normal. It is felt that the uranium deposits reputed to exist in the Camp Smith region produce the radon which causes this phenomenon.
WATER SAMPLES Plates 4, 5, 6 and 7 show the results of the gross beta activity obtained from Hudson River water, drinking water and surface waters. The drinking water, which is collected weekly, consists of grab samples taken from reservoirs and tans. Additional water samples were collected randomly and include samples from springs and deep wells. The surface waters show a drop in activity from that in 1958, which again is probably due to cessation of atomic weapons testing. The Hudson River samples show no significant changes. As is to be expected, the deep well water samples do not show the influence of weapons testing. SU1MMARY OF MEASURED GROSS BETA ACTIVITY NO. OF GT.OSS ACTIVITY MEDIUM' SAIITLES UNITS 4INIUM N * *YA *,U. AVERAGE Hudson River 66 Microcuries Less 180t80 40o_15 per Than 1 Milliliter X 10 -9 Drinking 136 Microcuries Less 901 5 15+-5 Water per Than 1 Weekly Milliliter Collection X 10-9 Drinking 36 Microcuries Less 4010 10+/- 5 Water per Than 1 Random Milliliter Collection X 10-9 Surface 103 Microcuries Less 160+10 30 5 Water per Than 1 Milliliter X l0-9 Special Well Water Samples As recommended by.the New York State Department of Health in the middle of 1959, two additional wells were located from which grab samples were taken for radioactivity measurements.
WATER SAMPLES (CONT'D) Special Well Water Samples (Cont'd) One well was located on the Indian Point property while the other one was located in Verplanck. The well in Verplanck is at a lower elevation than the Indian Point well and is therefore more representative of the bottom elevation of the Indian Point reactor vessel. Samples from both wells were also given to the New York State Department of Health for similar measurements. Results are given below: GROSS BETA ACTIVITY MICRO.JUCROCURIES 9 PER MILLILITER X 10y COLLECTION SUSPENDED DISSCLV."D TOTAL LOCATION DATE SOLIDS SOLIDS ACTIVITY Verplanck 10-23-59 Less 20-10 20+/-10 Than 1 11-27-59 Less 20+/-10 20+10 Than 1 Indian 11-27-59 Not Filtered 5+/-5 Point 12-29-59 5+_3 5+/-5 10+/- 5 Verplanck 12-29-59 Less 15+/- 5 15+ 5 Than 1 Continuously Collected Hudson River Water Sa.rles The Westchester County Department of Health arranged for the continuous collection of Hudson River water at the Standards Brands Plant irnuediately north of Indian Point and at the Sing Sing Prison in Ossining. Samples of this water are tested by the Westchester County Department of Health and by Consolidated Edison. Results obtained by the latter are given on the follow-ing page.
MEASURED GROSS BETA ACTIVITY OF HUDSON RIVER WATER SA'4PLES COLLECTED BY THE MEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT CF HEALTH IN 1959 TOTAL ACTIVITY MONTH NICROCURIES PER COLLECTED LOCATION MILLILITER X 10 -9 November Sing Sing Prison - Ossining 40 + 30 Standard Brands-Peekskill 50 30 December Sihg Sing Prison - Ossining 15 t 30 Standard Brands-Peekskill 5 +/- 10 VEGETATION AND SOIL Vegetation Results of the gross beta measurements made on samples of vegetation collected at the various sampling locations are shown on Plate 8. This vegetation consisted of grass and weeds growing in the vicinity of the test locations. I The activity is much less than that in 1958 due in all probability to the fact that no bomb tests were made after the end of 1958. SUIMARY OF GROSS BETA ACTIVITY IThASURED FROM VEGETATION SAI4PLES NO. OF SAIPLES UNITS MI NU-TUM MAXIMUM AVERAGE Micro-Microcuries 190+/- 20 1850+/-50 580+30 Per Gram of Fixed Solids Soil Plate 9 shows the results of the gross beta activity measured from soil samples collected at the various sampling locations.
Soil (Cont'd) A summary of the results is given below. The average is approximately the same as it was in 1958, although the maximum is lower and the minimum higher than it was in 1958. The naturally occurring activity has a tendency to mask any increase or decrease in activity due to fission products. A report on soil analysis may be found in Section III.
SUMMARY
OF GROSS BETA ACTIVITY IT'ASURED IN SOIL NO. OF SAMPLES UNITS MINIMUM MAXIMUM AVERAGE 34 Micro-Microcuries 2010 70t10 40_010 Per Gram Curies/Sq. Mile 3+/- 2 10t 2 5+ 2 Biological Samples The table below, shows the results of the gross beta measure-ments made on samples of fish and crabs removed from the Hudson River at Indian Point and frogs removed from the lake at Indian Point. The difficulty involved in their collection accounts for the small number of samples. A periodic system of collection has been established for 1960 by which samples of fish will be secured with the assistance of the New York State. epartment of Health. The results show a slight drop in the maximum and average activity from that measured in 1958. The minimum is slightly higher than that measured in 1958. MICRO-MICROCURIES PER COLLECTION DATE TYPE OF SAMPLE GRAM OF FIXED SOLIDS 4-30-59 Shad 160+/-30 7- 8-59 Crab 140+/-15 8-11-59 Frog 100+/-10 8-11-59 Tadpole 100+/-10 8-27-59 Frog 100+10 9- 1-59 Frcg 120+/-10 9-17-59 Frog 100+/-20 9-28-59 Frog 100+410 Minimum 100t10 Maximum 160_30 Average 115+/-15
FALLOUT An open-pot type of collector was placed at the Indian Point site and monthly collections of atmos-pheric fallout were obtained. The collector is actually a polyethylene funnel, 12 inches in diameter, that drains into a collecting bottle. Once a month, the contents of the bottle are removed to the laboratory; the suspended solids are filtered out, and the gross beta activity is counted. The dissolved solids are recovered by boiling the filtrate, and the gross beta activity similarly counted. The gross beta activity of the total monthly sample is shown on Plate 10 and the activity of each of the parts is given in the following table. GROSS BETA ACTIVITY OF FALLOUT COLLECTED AT INDIAN POINT CURIES PER SQUARE MILE MICRO-MICROCURIES PER MONTH MONTH COLLECTED PER MONTH x 10 -3 January Suspended Solids 1690t 90 60+ 2 Dissolved Solids 950+/- 60 35+ 2 Total 2640o110 95+/- 3 February Suspended Solids 5260+/- 60 190+ 2 Dissolved Solids 1880+ 20 70t 1 Total 714oG 65 260+ 2 March Suspenaed Solids 13900+-130 220+ 5 Dissolved Solids 2200+/- 50 301 1 Total 16100+/-140 250t 5 April Suspended Solids 20000.140 290+/- 5 Dissolved Solids 6280,+ 70 90+/- 1 Total 26280o.160 380t 5 May Suspended Soli4s 2450+ 50 120+/- 5 Dissolved Solids 610* 30 90+ 5 Total 30604- 60 210+ 5 June Suspended Solids 2680+110 Dissolved Solids Total 560T. 40 100+ 20T 1 120+ 5 5 ii 3240_+120
CURIES PER SQUARE MILe MICRO-MICROCURIES PER MONT 1ONT11 COLLECTED PER MONTH x if)"' July Suspended Solids 3260+110 120+ 5 Dissolved Solids 230+ 30 107 1 Total 3490*110 130+/- 5 August Suspended Solids 10970+/-110 40+ 5 Dissolved Solids 390+110 20+ 5 Total 11360+/-160 60T 5 September Suspended Solids 12it 30 5+.1 Dissolved Solids 50+ 25 2+ 1 1 Total 170+/- 40 7+- October Suspended Solids 220i 50 10+ 2 Dissolved Solids Total 220-F 50 10. 2 November Suspended Solids 50 10+ 2 Dissolved Solids 210+ 40 1+ 1 Total 550+ 60 10T 2 December Suspended Solids 160-_ 30 5+/- 11 Dissolved Solids 25+ 25 1+/- Total 185+ 40 6+ 1
SECTION III Reports:
- 1. Radioactivity of well and spring water.
- 2. Measurement of Strontium 90 in soil.
June 18, 1959 Mr. E. R. Thomas, Manager Meter and Test Department No. 5950 SHORT-LIVED ACTIVITY OF WELL WATER AND SPRINGS VICINITY OF INDIAN POINT Tests were made to determine the short-lived radioactivity of water from several drinking water wells in Putnam and Westchester Counties. Water from some of these wells was checked for gross alpha and beta activities during 1958, but was counted 48 hours after collection to allow the radon daughters decay. The samples reported herein were counted shortly after collection to determine the short-lived activity. Two liter samples were collected in polyethylene bottles and aliquotS filtered through millipore filters. The millipore filter was burned with alcohol in an aluminum planchet and the residue was introduced in a Type PC-3A proportional counter where successive measurements were made for alpha and beta activity. Most of the samples were counted within a few hours after collection. The suspended solids were counted within 10 minutes from the beginning of filtration. The results of these measurements for 2 samples are plotted on Plate. Nos. 1 and 2. The linear portion of the alpha and beta decay curves shows an effective half-life of about 30 minutes. This compares closely with the half-life of radon daughters. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness with a hot plate in order to measure the activity of dissolved solids. No alpha activity was present after evaporation, and the beta activity ranged between 1 X 10-9 and 5 X 10-9 microcuries per milliliter, very low values for water, but comparable to longer lived gross beta activity of well water found in 1958. To confirm that the short-life activity is due to radon and radon daughters another test was made in which a water sample was kept in a tightly stoppered bottle from which aliquots were removed at various times up to 12 days. These were filtered and the activity of the suspended solids measured within 10 minutes after removal from the bottle. Since parent and daughters have been together in the bottle at least 3 hours, the approximate time required for radon daughters to build up the rate at which'the daughters are being formed equals the rate at which the parent is disintegrating. At this equilibrium condition, if the daughters are separated and counted within a few minutes, then this activity is nearly proportional to the parent activity. By plotting the changing activity exhibited by the suspended solids for period of days, a decay curve can be drawn which corresponds to the radon activity decay. This decay scheme is shown on Plate No,3 indicating an effective half-life of 3 days. This approximates the half-life of radon gas.
No. 5950 June 18, 19591 Table No. 1 summarizes the short-lived activities measured in well water and springs. The highest activities were found in drinking water from a deep well, 160 feet, in a section of Putnam County where lead was mined at the turn of the century. Low short-lived radioactivity was measured in the Camp Smith reservoir which is well fed, and no alpha and very low beta activities were found in the larger Peekskill and Croton reservoirs. The decay characteristics of these short-lived activities and the effective half-lives measured, indicate radon and its daughter products are responsible for the high activities found in well water, attach. A. K. Joecks jt.rr Test Engineer
No. 5950 S --June 18, 1959 " TABLE -NO-. I
SUMMARY
OF ALPHA AND BETA ACTIVITY 01' SUSPENDED SOLIDS IN DRJNKING MATER FROM WIULIS ANT) SPRINOS - VICINITY OF INDIAN PT. ACTIVITY & COUNTING ERROR MICRCCURIES PER MILLI-DATE AND TIME DATE A1;D TIME OF LITER ..! X 10ýy SAMPLING LOCA.rTION 1)IOURCE OF COLLKCTION INITIAL COUNT ALPHA BETA Knapp Rd., Hortontown, Putnam, N. Y. 160' Well 10:30 A.M.-5-12-59 11:10 A.M.-5-12-59 24880
- l40 1500 ++/-230 (Property of W. J. Odendahl) 160' Well 5:30 A.M.-5-13-59 9:00 A.M.-5-13-59 4380 +/- 130 1120O +/- 220 Mom's Rest. Rt. 9-D Manitou, 17' Well .1:00 P.M. 7-59 4:00 P.M. 7-59 840 +/- 20 1700 B7oo tt; 30 Putnim, N. Y. 17' Well 1:16 P.M.-5-12-59 1:26 P.M.-5-12-59 500. 30 800 +/-: 50 Surface Spring 1:16 P.M.-,-12-59 1:26 P.M.. 5-12-59 140+/- 20 250 j 30 Highland Country Club, Rt. 9-D, Garrison 10' aell 12 Noon-5-14-59 4:00 P.M.-5-14-59 60 10 180 +/- 40 Putnam, N. Y. Spring Fed Tap 12 Noon-5-14-59 4:00 P.M.-5-124-59 70 10 330 t 40 Camp Smith, Westchester, :,eln Water Chlorinated -1:00 A.M.-5-28-59 4:00 P.M.-5-28-59 16 24 28 t 7 N. Y. Reservoir after Well 11:00 A.M.-5-28-59 4:00 P.M.-5-28.-59 16 t 4 37 t 5 Counting errors are for a 95 per cdnt confidence level jt.rr
- 777777777=
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VT A 7-5- 4-3- 2 -F-{- -I I ---- MA MR-7- 6-5- 4-3- 4 tZ 6-Inn~ 7-6- 5-4- I. 8* 7.- - - 6_2 CONSOLIDATED EDISON COMPANY OF NEW YORK. INC. DATF. 6M18-59 TEST BUREAU NO. 5950 10 12 ELAPSED TIME FROM COLLECTION - OAY.*
CONSOLIDATEm EDImON CoP.A-wy OF NEW YORK, INC. MEMORANDUX September 16, 1959 Mr. E. R. Thomas, Manager Meter and Test Department No. 5950 STRONTIUM 90 IN SOIL The strontium 90 content in the soil has been determined in conjunction with the pre-operational survey for the Indian Point Nuclear Power Station. Soil samples were collected at the plant site and at a reference site, Dunwoodie"' Substation, which is far enough away to be beyond the influence of the reactor. Portions of each of these samples were analyzed by the Nuclear Science and Engineering Corp. and by the joint efforts of the Chemical Engineering Bureau and the Test Bureau. The results obtained are: Millicuries per Square Mile Sample NSEC Con Edison Indian Point Plant 42.-7T 1.9 52+/- 5 Dunwoodie Substation 31.1 +/- 1.6 52 +/- 7 According to Dr. Gerald H. Hamada of the New-York office of the AEC, these results compare with their most recent measurements on Westchester County soil which were in the order of 40 to 50 millicuries per square mile. The report of the NSEC is attached together with a description of their method for the determination of strontium 90 in soil. [ The analysis made by Con Edison was in accordance with the HASL-33 report of the AEC except that in the final steps in the preparation for counting, the sample was evaporated on a counting dish rather than filtered and dried in the filter. attach. _ ecks wfn.bao Tt Engineer Copy to -A.-R. Belyea 3-24 (EA) SON 11.5a GEM. orw. .r..
4ý 1 P. 0. Box 10901. PITTSBURGH 36. PENNSYLVANIA HOMEBTAo 2-4000 NSEC NO. 30-14-5003 July 31. 1959 L9.21 Customer Order No.: M 9-21908 Send report to: Send invoice to; Consolidated Edisom Co. of Consolidated Edison Co. of Now York, Inc. New York. Inc. Test Bureau Accounts Payable Bureau 708 First Avenuo 4 Irving Place New York 17. Now York New York 3, New York INVOICE 2 soil samples assayed for Sr90 at $80. 00 $160.00 REPORT Sample No. DSI Isl Total surface area for 30 plugs (sq. mt.) 2.35 x 100* 2. 35 x 10' Gross dry weight for 30 plugs (g) 3330* 4010* Sample submitted (g) 11900 1530* Sample analysed (S) 205 202 Acid soluble Sr90 in sample analysed (dpm) 100
- 500 112 *5*0 mc Sr 90/sq. mt. 31. 1*1.6 42.6*1. 9
- data provided by A. K. Joecks
- e errors are in terms of the standard deviation of counting multiplied by appropriate factors to correspond to the units given.
Seconr LeSalter Section Leader Ench "Determination of Acid Soluble Sr-90 in Soil"
DETERMINATION OF ACID SOLUBLE SR90 IN SOIL (1) Sample preparation The entire soil sample or a representative aliquot of it is dried for several hours at 110 0 C and weighed. The dried sample is leached with agua regia. diluted with water, and the supernate is decanted. The residue is given a second aqua regia treatment, and after this supernate is decanted, the residue is washed with water. 90 (2) Radiochemical purification of Sr 85 Sr tracer and strontium carrier are added to the combined supernates and washings. The solution is made basic te phenolpthalein with NH 4OH and an excess of a saturated solution of iNH 4;ZCO3 is added. The supernate is decanted and discarded after centrifugation, and the precipitate is dissolved in the minimum amount of con-centrated HNO . An equal volume of 90% HNO is added, the sample cooled in an ice bath, and the precipitate centrifuged, washed with concentrated HNO 3 (Note i. and dissolved in the minimum amount cI water.
+3 A few drops of Fe carrier are added !o this solution which is made basic with CO2-free NH 4OH. The precipitate is cen~ri!uged and discarde& the supernate is acidified and the Fe(OHj 3 scavenging repea:ed. The time of the Qecond Fe{OH, pre cipitation is taken as zero time for Sr90 Y90 equilibration. A few drops of barium carrier are added, the sc'ution is adjusted tr a pH -f 5. 5 with HAc and NH Ac. and 4
BaCrO is precipitated from the hot .-olution by the slow addition of 1- 5 M Na Cr 0 4 2 ;& 7 The. precipitate is filtered and discarded. After the filtra'e is made basic with NH 4OH. SrCO is precipitated by the addition of a saturated soluticn of (NH4' CO_. The SrCO
V is filtered, dried and the Sr85 recovefed is .ointed. The ratio of Sr activity recovered to that added is used as the strontium chemical yield. The precipitate is quantitatively dissolved in acid and stored. (3) Y90 milk: After two weeks, to allow icr equilibration between Y9 and Sr90 yttriu carrier is added to the acid solution of SrCO and a double precipitation of Y(OH) 3 is made with CO -free NH OH. The time of the first Y(OH) 3 precipitation is taken as 2 43 thetie o te 90 S90 the time of the Y - Sr separation. The necond Y(OH) 3 precipitate is dissolved in acid and the yttrium precipitated as the ,,xa-i'.e at a pH of 1. The Y 2(C 04)3 is filtered. washed, and ignited to the oxide which is weighed to determine the yttrium chemical yield. The Y203 is mounted for counting. (4) Preparation of the sample for counting-The weighed carriers are placed on a micarta semi-cylinder (0. 75 inch I. D., Z. 5 inches long) and mixed with an aqueous solution of agar agar. The mixture is spread 2 over an area of 2 to 5 cm to produce a sample of approximately uniform thickness. After the sample is dried and covered with -ubber hydrochloride (0. 5 mg/cm it is ready for counting. (5) Counting: The sample is counted in one of NSEC's sixteen low level beta counters. These are constructed with cathodes of thin aluminized mylar and operate as gas flow Geiger Muller counters. They are shielded by 8" o: c*eel, ah anti-coincidence umbrella of Geiger Muller tubes, and 1" of triple distii"ed mercury.
The decay of Y90 is followed for 8-i0 days. The counting'rate of Y90 at time of separation, R , is determined by analysis of the decay curve with extrapolation of 0 the 64 hour half-period to the time of milking. A sufficient number of counts are collected to obtain a gross counting rate with a standard deviation < 15% for samples with a gross activity under 1 cpm, < 8% between I and 5 cpm; and < 5% above 5 cpm. The backgrounds of the counters are about 0. 3 cpm; the backgrounds for each counter are checked daily. A sufficient number of counts are obtained to calculate the background counting rate to a standard deviation of
- 0. 04 cprn.
137 KCl and/or Cs standards are counted daily to maintain a continual check on counter operation. (6) Determination of Sr90 disintegration rate: The calculation of the total Sr90 disintegration rate is made from the following equation. RE 0 D Y 1 Y 2 (l-e"- Xt where D = total Sr90 disintegration rate a0 = y 0 counting rate at time of milk E =overall counting efficiency correction factor (includes corrections for geometry, absorption, self-absorption, and scattering phenomena). YI= strontium chemical yield Y = yttrium chemical yield X = y0 decay constant t = time for Yg0 growth between Fe(OH) 3 scavenging and Y milk.
,, ý ' Notes: (1) A complete separation of strontium and calcium is not necessary since the 85 T-acer. strontium chemical yield is determined by the recovery of Sr acer4
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