ML20042D822

Site Description Nuclear Reactor Lab,Univ of Illinois

ML20042D822
Person / Time
Site:	05000356
Issue date:	01/31/1990
From:	ILLINOIS, UNIV. OF, URBANA, IL
To:
Shared Package
ML20042D821	List: ML20042D820 ML20042D822
References
NUDOCS 9004100139
Download: ML20042D822 (34)

Text

{{#Wiki_filter:. l ,' F 4 s_ io a. a \\ t I 4 i j .p' r ll t I ~. ' l e. 1 t. . i ~ l i SITE DESCRIPTICII. L' WCLEAR REACTOR'!ADORATORY 4 -l WIVERSITY OF ILLINDIS JAWhRY M90 1 i I 9004300139 900322 ??' -[DR ADOCK-0500 ,6' l e 2 c. 4 _) L l. i sL*+.. m m..

o F 8 Rev. 1/90 SECTION 11. SITE Page ll.A. SITE AND LOCATION 1 II.A.) Localton.. 1 66.A.2. Desceiptlon of Area................... 1 II.A.3. Population Analy66s... 6 li.B. METEOROLOGICAL DATA (CLIMATOLOGY) 11 II.B.1. Climate. Temperature, and Humed6ty......... 12 ll.B.2. Typ6 cal Wind 06roct6on and Velocity. 16 11.D.3. Intens6ty and Frequency of Thundtratorm6. lotnadoe6, Ha61, Sleet, and Fog............ 18 II.C. HYDROLOGICAL DATA 18 II.C.1. Genotal Descriptnon of the Water Cycle for the Afos................................... 18 li.C.2. Topography and 0rainage.................... 19 Il.C.3. Storm Sewer Sy6 tem......................... 21 II.C.4 Sanitary Sewer System.................... 21 II.D. GEOLOGY, WATER SUPPLIES. AND SEISMOLOGY 21 ll.D.1. Geology............... 21 II.D.2. Water Supplie6............................. 26 11.D.3. Seismology................................. 27

e f i f t i SECil0N ll. SITE [ i FIGURft Page i 11-1 Map of lilenoes.................................. 2 l Il-2 Champaegn County................................. 3 i l 11-3 Unevers6ty of lilino6s Campus.................... 4 l 11-4 Reactor Region of Campus......................... 4 it 6 Champaign-Urbana 2cning.......................... ? i 11-6 Watershec Bounderles............................. 20 r 11-7 Cross Sections of East-central Illino6s........... 23 t 11-6 Major Bedrock Valleys................... ........ 24 r i 11-9 Cross Section of Mahomet Valley.................. 24 t 11-10 Earthquake Equal intensity Lines................ 20 i i 11-11 Preliminary looselsmal Map for the Southeastern [ lilinois Earthquake of June 10. 1987............. 29 i TABLES I 11-1 Population of Local Communities in Champaign l County........................................... 11 r l ll-2 Mean and Extremo Temperature - Urbana........... 14 i 11-3 Precipitation - Urbana........................... 14 11-4 Snowfall - Urbana................................ 17 j t I j i j i i

o e t Egettom it_ alTE it.A. SITE AND LOCATION i it,A.t. Location The Univers6ty of ill6nois Nuclear Reactor Laboratory f as located on the campus of the University of lilinois at I i Urbana. Illinois. As shown in Figure 11-1 Urbana 66 located about 110 miles 6091h-southwest of Lake Michigan. i and about 36 miles west of the Illinois-Indiana border. The i nearest approach of the Mississ6 ppt River is approximately f 136 miles to the southwest. i As shown in Figure 11-2, Urbana is approximately in the center of Champaign County, which covers an area of 990 square miles in the east-central section of Illinois. The University of Illinois campus, as shown in Figure 11-3. is located in the adjoining cities of Champaign and f 6 Urbana, and is centered on the dividing line of these I cities. The downtown areas of Urbana (Main and Broadway Streets) and Champaign (Main and Neil Streets) are both f about one mile from the University Administration Building. ) II.A.2 Deterintion of Area i f 11.A.2.a. General Area i 4 1he reactor building is located in the northeast portion of the campus. The major 4ty of the campus lies just south and west of the reactor site. The University property i l )

._.~_ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _t 2 I U l i 1 F (\\) j l i l 5 f \\ unsAna f i ij l 1 1 i i i i i i I i l J i i I I 1 i l l l l i .m 90ALEeMLES i (4) 4 l l STATE OF ILLINOIS l l FIGURE 14-1 i l l .,--,...._--,--.-.,_.-.....,~.- -,._.---.- --.......- 1

s j . a. ~.....,.. r. y =.. =.. cu m a.,,o w n .v.-- u 1 1

l p 2 ;&,-

D W eu .ggy m oa 4 1 l ~. q. . ~..,. .tw.x . w a.a. .... x m,pr,. <. ~. u.

h.

.:

n. g=,.s. _e, ;.n p,.1 y. .n ah-3* - Wh r 1, .> u. 3--. y i 1 -s l t a t,., ! iei ! i ,,e i.. . i i .c /.",,je *i b i. i. i M. - i.. ' l& i :. d 4 't b: J 7<1, y i r o _.. a _%q i 1 d_ w J.j, "}

i. -

~,

i. i 5 J /s.

.'+t. 4 v q

4. r;

. %.)..,3 3 .Jl.; .M.e i-.1" S - r y, 1 g.. i-ht' a c- .t .{ i.ag ,.t.i....),B. 3 ' 11 r

r. <.

l ~ i- { t...i.j.,.t. . 1,.4 ijiL{ ' P t--Pr4 'g'.4% k

• i

.j i j. f: .-.t - i ~ l -P -$- W,- M l. _- W 'I 2 =. ~ 33,., m % -v o ^i > 3.- n .} , a M_ o i ] =[ 4 i {. . j '. y rj4 .; p v.yM ' 4 i i. i JJ. b W.-

• J j.

.i;. f." h eic i 4ti iM 4 I .i.i. .if X.i. I ri f. J 4 e i" N-: !x i R.1 !, l i ~ MW g i' W~ }.g.; ..(., 1 g.L.j.i 't,.].),i; 4.j. J. L. j. i. ' H { s.3 {., Ip? ',1%.gtQ ..,. ] q.] f.mp. . h. j i j i t.V't.'$. li[. [.E l i ~~, r,. 1 ur

v

~< x y i i .i p ( .i 3 f' j y h.... o. 7 + g n r e.%.t .i l 1, ,q gr., 7 ,. p '-r p.- .).. M, 6'..* h'. 'j. ' ]'MQ@. jg. p. f.~,j,{i [ f

p.,E s

H l ~ pv ',. L.i 7 lE'"". *4

q q f1;.

.d

i..

?.[ t.l i .p . i,- J< c ' w ds- ~ tud =m..esman E un 4 M~. i .-=.. mm,. - ' ,, g

h. p~see '". 4 de

~ ,m1'i <s.asil 3e. - '.a 4 4'v.i.

u. n9..

l u l 1 i + T t ,W., mj. - ' .. a..... 4 M,. M j t- -W y.e n-. -a i ey., . n,,..,. X .vl. th gu.1. _ _ y g} i. J l

'lic pr. i {J 4 pi,

- ] e._ *. g. [ J.gM. [.. c}.. ..f.\\ A. j j r.nj r 'P" N d':"N h '/L Id.'2 n.i 3 N.[ /[( l'2 ' j i4 ..'..} I ..'..4' '. J.}..} [..),p j,.1,. - "s..,jyg f. s. .,, e'.'.....; l ] t '.;.}. [c{.. -.f..pv Q.- .. 6 ff...

c,.s,..<

i t i ..l..Y l [-{. 6 3 7 i . si. Ei i yd.T. @ ~.~Q.,4 =. \\

1*

\\ i W!kCR . 'I M ? Il } l l I [l' 1< 'l M .[ t.- I[I i-Ii ~i H.y.iij ) Q Q NA. *l /. 3..(

.. 'i t

/ I.

1..i ' i i 1 I8 {}.i]...}.)...,". %..}. - l4 l.

.H i 1 i j ijW W i. ( j N. i. fi F. F"".. < 2, si g% au i w..i.j..+it..::i...@ 4.. E j : 1. !I}. 3 / l - ':, ; 3 7..t> {.f IJ.} p r.,.2 .,. j..). g. },.,.r.J - .i;u.c [. i. .{.o 1.s .i i , i-. - i i ; i-.i 4 l .t i t i i i i i 1-1 111 1 I II I1 1 IIII I I I l-I I ' l i i .J i e e-Champaign County FIGURE 11-2 -. - - - - - - -. - - - - - - - - - - ~ ~ - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ ~ - - - ~ ~ ~ ' ' - - ~ ~ ~ ' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ' " *i

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. _. _ ~ _ l l l j a \\ l l l l t { 1 cm = 230 ft. l I I E 'W- { " +4m.. -r- ) ) = l %'. l t ys ', m nam st O .2"

• * * ' 3 I

{_ l ,h A. I 5 l ji y L lieum'*' tt .g Y l 3 r"* I-ifir M f(r

l 'e i

d.5 6 sm av l m i( ri e ,i,. 5_ ha!ii 4-1 d I 'S ~ p.: h 8' see i s} - I

i

.i = n.._, .V i. i \\= j BJ \\ g l l 1 'ses u m I %$, Y, coyd _.;$-- ~ G R. i -.ma e. i l h I fI a i u a::g Mi ' WI ll I,. ) 1 I j Univoretty of Illinois Campus F10URE II-3 a l .~..--....-----.~--..-.--------I

O o b which 16ea south of the ms6n campus la used for agrscultursi atudy and experimentation. II.A.2.b. Immediate Area i The esact location of the reactor building is l shown in Figure 11-4 Concenttic circlea with radio of 200. 400. B00, 1200. 1600 feet are drawn in this figure to show i the locat6ons of adjacent buildings with respect to the teactor building, in general. the teactor is surrounded by I three typea of stiucturest Univers6ty dormitorset. Drivote i dwellings, and research laboratory buildings. The tuost prom 6nent buildings within 800 feet of the reactor building are the Matertels Research Laboratory. Loomis Laboratory. Coordinated Science Laboratory. Ceramics Build 6ng. and Graduate Student Dormitory. The Coordinated Science Laboratory is the tallest structure in the immediate area and is a 7-story building just north of the reactor I building. The residential, commercial, and industr6al tones of the Champaign-Urbana area are shown 6n Figure 11-6. i ll,A 3. Poculation Analvain ll.A.3.a. Surroundina Area f The Univers6ty of Illinois is located in the Champaign-Urbana metropolitan area. The city of Champaign, which eutends mostly to the west of the University, has a

[ l l li 1 ~ 1 L l 1 1 I i l l l 8 l ; REACTOR REGION et CAMPUS 6 ~^ M A STouGH TotV' { f N' 400' ~ ' f l' N [ s,. i N A A A A A A p / SPRINGFIELD / \\ 000'\\ / j 9, p ,6 -h l I \\ m' i e*,w ampen f bl CD s r. l M ( G,RE EN \\ [ rz M t I I NT p WESLEY no FO TION ewuncN 4-APARTMEtr8 P-PARNWS LOT R=PWATE RESJOENT t -CHUROM EBe#8MR-FIGURE il-4 l

i 'l $ '.e I e j. / fg. ~ eg.l } I Il ~7\\, e 4 e g i l( 3,. = \\. - S. ~ 'I k g), I i .. = = 9 .{ t e. s.._ \\ =) lj 1 } I i 4h . th y ' W i i l b-N r. Jgg p-g ?~ I ~ g N J. gh\\\\% 'ka-hf.iuousttAL ntsnotutiAt comtatIAL Champaign-Urbana Zoning FIGURE i1-6

} 8 populatton of approximately 69.180. while the city of Urbana, extencing to the east, has a population of approximstely 36.8g2. The student population of the l l University varies from approximately 36.000 (fall semester, i I f 1986) to 14.000 (summer semester. 1968). ll.A 3,b, immealate Area l t i The follow 6ng breakdown gives a good approximation of } the population analysis within a one-half mile reelus of the teactors ) f (1) Within a 200-100t radius of the reactor there 66 a peak population of 300 persons. This includes people who I e. work in the immediate area, in the Materials Research j Laboratory and in the Coordinated Science Laboratory, r (2) Within a 400-foot radius, there Is a maximum of 600 r persons who are primarily University statf and people living I 6n the area. l l (3) Within an 800-foot area, there are several i University structures. Included among these are the I buildings of Nuclear Engineering. Ceramics. Physics, and the h i l Mechanical Engineering Building. The total population in this area is approximately 2400 persons, j (4) Within a 1200-foot radius the population rises to I approximately 3500 persons. (6) Within a 1600-foot radius the entire engineering t campus is included. There is a peak population now of about i i 12.000 persons.

0 The table below shows a population dens 6ty of the 66to et helf-mile increments out to 3 1/2 miles. POPULATION Dettanea ffem Sita Total Ne_ of Partena 1/2 mile 20.000 1 mile 67.000 1-1/2 miles 66.000 2 miles 81.000 2-1/2 miles g4.000 3 mile 6 103.000 3-1/2 mile 6 116.000 The downtown area of Champaign is to the Notth northwest a 16 tile more than 1 mile, while the downtown area of Urbana 6e almost atrectly east a little less than 1 mile, The number of people that could be in these areas at one time is not known, although more people would be expected to be in downtown areat during shopping hours -- g:00 a.m. to 0 6:30 p.m. daily. This analysit of the population distribution is valid only during the time when all people are at home. No method is avallable to determine the change in the population of the city due to men and women going to work and performing other activities that may take them from the area. However. It is thought that the population of the city people within the 1-mile radius of the reactor would be substantially reduced during the dar because of people going to work, to the downtown shopping areas, and to the campus. l The population analyals also takes into account the staffing of the campus buildings and the associated student I 4 +

i I e e l. to l t l Deputateons for each depertment. At any given time the i estimates would probebly be a i tile high 6ince not all ~ students would be espected to be on c6mpus at the same t6me. [ I There are also other data indicated in Table 11-t which show the populat6on of the other communities in Champaign i

County, The locatton of these communities with tospect to Champaign-Urbana ate shown in Figure ll-2.

The total populat6on of the county is estimated to be approximotely 171.000 persons. The main centers of population are the Champaign-Urbana area and the Rantoul area. i II.A.S.c. Aarteuttura ana Indumtrv in chammalan-Urbana i r The manufacturing base in the Champaign-Urbana' area le 1 dominated by food, service, and high technology industry, f I I ) Kraft Company. Eisner. J.M. Jones. Southland and the USA i l Construct 6on Engineering Lab are major employers. Kraft is l 1 about three miles west of the site and produces vegetable i 0616. and cheese products. Humko. which is in the same 6 ,,einity, prodve.s .g.iabie snoriening. These two are the l 4 major food pro 6uttion industrles in the area. Most of the t industry in the area is in the outlying areas of the cities as can be seen in Figure 11-6. t Principle crops in Champaign County include corn. soybeans, wheat, and hay. However, corn and soybeans occupy j t well over g6 percen* of all farmland in agricultural production, i I l l I

It i f TABLE 11-1 Peculatten of total C ommu n i t l a n in Chammatan County j t Communitv 111) .1 9 t a t a a t ) Bonevillo 442 430 Broadlands 346 310 j Champaign 68.267 69.140 I Fisher 1.672 1.670 i Foonland 163 140 Gifford tot 440 I ] Homer 1.279 1.320 i Ivendole Pt. 337 360 i l i Longv6ew 207 200 T Ludlow 397 460 Mahomet 1.964 2.400 i o..en .i. 9,0 Pesotum 461 440 l 1 i Philo 973 1.040 Royal 274 270 t i Sadorve 436 440 1 St. Joo*Ph 1.900 1.400 Savoy 2.216 2.420 I ] Sidney 886 1.070 ) Thomasboro 1.242 1.310 Tolono 2.434 2.660 i l Urbana 36.974 36.892 Champaten County 168.392 171.100

i l + 12 o il,B, METEOROLOGICAL DATA (CLIMATOLOGY) i Champa.gn-u,bana h.6. tempe,aie continenisi ci mate. Il 66 e regeon of cl6 mat 6e tran64t6cn betmeen northetn end i i toulhern Illinoe6. $6 ty-one percent of the annual i precip tstion occutt with turpt666ng sepensab616ty. curing the tunner growing teaton. thereby making the eres e copi cna n, weii tulted fe, og,.uiiu,0. ine,aci ihat t many aneuttriet are locates in Champs 6gn and Utbene. I however. 6neicates that the climeto 66 alto su6 table for { induttry. I ? r l ll.B.) 016mita. Tammatatuta. and Humidity e-Throughout the yest. Champaign-Utbant's temperature l ten 66 to be cooler than that of southern Illincit end i i ] notthorn Illino66, Except for the three Summet month 6. the area's normal precipitation it less than that of southern f d liiinoit and more than that of northern Illinois. During 4 l the summet months. the northwestern portion of the state l receives the heaviest precipitation, while the remaining i j portions receive ettentially homogeneet but lettet amounts. i Urbana-Champaign has a temperate continental climate j i dominated by maritime tropical alt from the Gulf of Mexico from about May through October. maritime polar alt from the i Pac 616c Ocean 6n spring, fall and winter, with theft I i duration 6neursions of continental polar alt from Canada in }

winter, Winter high temperatures are typically in the 30s

\\ (F). where summet hight are usually in the 80s. with daily I t

13 [ i i low 6 about 20F lower Spreng and fall sto competes of I wintet lehe and summet-like days. with rathet targe day-to-h j osy fiucivai.on, common. the g,esie.i day-io-day enange. in temperature occur 6n late f a i 't, winter and early spring. 1 Wintera are usually punctuated w6th 2 to 8 cold, dry atttic outbreekt. with dally lowl dropping into the -10F i k tange. They generaily pettist fot 3 to 6 day 6. and are i i l often pteto.ed by a winie,.io,m that can reach.evero ptopottions. Sia inches of snow, with heavy drifting and j poor vitab616ty are the characteristict of those Stormt. ) Summero are typically humle with dew points in the 60s and b siternoon reisiive numioitie. ai.o in the 60 percent., we i y obsetwe about 26 day 6 per year with temperatures greater l j ihan 90F, tem,e,siu,e. g, etic, ihan iO0r a,e.eidom esperienced. 1 Average ( 1961-60) precipitation 16 about 34 inches. f Including about 22 Inchet of Snow. but there it great l j variability from one year to the next. i Eighty-five percent of the mean annual precipitation 1 y falls from April through September. The frost-free growing l 6eason averages about 176 days. beginning about 26 April and ending about 20 Octobot. i Table 11-2 shows that mean daily average temperature varies from a low of 24.7F in January to a high of 76.2F in 1 July. Extreme 6 of temperature recorded are a high of 10gF in July of 1964 to a low of -25F in February of 1889. 6

14 ikaLE lt-1 5 I MEAN AND EvfREME TEMPERATURES URBAWA l t IMONTH I MEANS EXTREMES t l I 10 Ally i dally : DAILY t RECORD YEARI RECORD IYEAR I ) ? I ! MAX MIN I AVE HIGH I I LOW l l t JAN 32.3 17.0 24.7 70 1909 24 1946 t FEB 37.3 21,3 29.3 71 1972 -26 1869 i MAR 47.6 30.4 39.1 86 1907 -6 19C4 i l APR 62.6 41.9 62.3 91 1930 16 1899 i MAY 73.6 62,0 62.$ 97 1934 24 1891 JUN 82.6 60.9 71.9 103 19344 34 1894 JUL 66.6 64.8 76.2 109 1964 41 1904 AVG 43.6 62.4 73.2 101 1901b 37 1898 SEP 78.3 66.6 46,9 102 1899 24 1899 OCT 64.2 44.4 66.3 93 1964 12 1896 NOV 49.8 33.2 41.6 to 1960 -6 1960 DEC 37.6 23.3 30.6 70 1946 -10 1943 Mean data representative of 1961-1940. Extreme data based on 1849-1987, s. Also occurred in 1963, b. Also occurred in 1914. 1936, and 1944

[ 16 i i i Table 11-3 6edecates that rainfall 6s heavtest 6n July I (4.36 enches) and least 6n February (1.84 6nches). Table l 11-4 and6 cates avetage total snowfall at a maximum 6n Janvery (7.2 inches) although the maximum in 24 hours l i recotood (14.0 6mches) was in March of 1906. l l l lI.B.2. Tvmteal Wind Direction and Valeeltv { l The average wind velocity is at a maximum in March (4.6 i mph) and at a m6h6 mum 6n August (4.6 mph). The following table gives a more compteto summary based on 1961-1960 data i i i MONTH blRECTION AVE VELOCITYfunh) glijl JANUARY W 4.1 71 i FEBRUARY S 6.2 } l WARCH S 4.6 63 APRIL S 6.6 46 I i MAY S 7.0 60 i JUNE SSW 6.0 66 JULY SW 6.0 61 i ) AUGUST SW 4.4 66 l SEPTEMBER SSW 6.2 62 I t OCTOBER SW 6.3 63 i NOVEMBER S 7.6 70 DECEMBER S 6.1 61 i

16 i TABLE 11-2 l 1 PRECIPITAfl0N - URBANA I i 1 i

kONTH AVE I

MAX i i MIN 1 ! MAX INI I

TOTAL l MONTHLY! YEAR IMONTHLY! YEAR 124 HR$8 YEAR l JAN 1.97 7.62 1960 0.06 1966 2.17 1962 FEB 1.66 6.40 1909 0.16 1947 1,76 1939 l

MAR 3.32 6.36 1922 0.36 1910 4.26 1939 i APR 3.64 9.66 1984 0.60 1899 3.73 1944 l MAY 3.69 11.20 1943 0.22 1926 4.61 1921 t JUN 3.92 10.96 1902 0.47 1934 4.00 1946 l JUL 4.36 10.96 1971 0.47 1916 3.96 1942 t AUG 3.66 10.01 1977 0.06 1896 3.90 1924 SEP 3.02 9.76 1924 0.26 1964 4.07 1936 I OCT 2.61 9.01 1941 0.16 1944 3.64 1966 NOV 2.46 10.06 1966 trace 1904 4.07 1934 i DEC 2.60 6.63 1967 0.06 1890 2.91 1946 i h I I I I i i I i

17 YARLE i1-4 e SWOWFALL URRAWA t l MONTH

AVE MAX i

MAX IN I f 1 I t

TOTAL I

MONTHLY I YEAR 24 HRS YEAR t I l JAN T.2 26,3 1979 11.4 1932 FEB 6.1 16.6 1906 11.0 1912 MAR 6.0 32.0 1906 14.0 1904 APR 0.6 6.0 1920 4.0 1920 MAY 0.0 2.6 1929 2.6

1929 I

JUN 0 0 0 l JUL 0 0 0 f i AUG 0 0 0 I SEP 0 trace 1942 0 OCT 0 2.6 1926 2.0 1926 I NOV 2.9 11.2 1932 9.1 1990 l DEC 4.6 20.0 1943 9.6 1973 l P l P

0 ** l 10 l e 11.8.3. Intanatty ana Ftanuancy of Thunnatiterms. I Toteaseen HatI tiaat ana Fee ) i We typ6cally expersence about 46 cay 6 with thunderstorms per yest, anc hail is usually obterved about four time 6 a year. Champe6gn County has recorded about 25 l I l tornscoea since 1916. Freer 6ng precipitation (glate) 46 more common nere that to the notth or south, with about 3 l such occuttences each years again with great year-to-year l variability. On average sleet occura nine times a year and [ fog approximately 37 16mes a year. I d l ll.C. HYDROLOQlCAL CATA 1" \\ ) ll.C.t. Qanatat Danetnotion of the water cvela for the i A.I LA It has been found that the rain in this area is i i precipitated primarily from moisture lying at a low altitude L t in the atmosphere and that this moisture comes primarily { from the Gulf of Mexico. Any high altitude moisture that is in the area is mainly from the Pacific Ocean but constitutes { only small portions of the moisture. As is indicated in the s J section on water supply (Section 11.0) the surface water in the area has vety little offeet on the water supply, which comes mainly from wells, in the section on drainage l (Section ll.C.2), it is pointed out that the drainage of the i eres is to the Misseasippi River and eventually back to the Gulf of Mexico. t i D e

{ It o* a 19 l II.C.2. Jementanhv and Brainana f I The terra 6n in the vicinity of Champaign-Urbana varies i j from generally flat to very gently rolling, and the soll is primarily slity loom. though en some areas it 6s silty clay j l loam. l f The site for the reactor rises to the notth and is { i located approximately 300 feet notth of Boneyard Creek, a I 1 small drainage ditch. The Boneyard drains to the east, so i l that the drainage in the reactor area is fitst south to the fi Boneyerd. then osst to the Salt Fork and Vermillion Rivers. I I The watersheds of four drainage basins lie within the I 1 Champaign-Urbana area. Drainage on the nottheast and east } r is into the headwaters of the Vermillion River. Drainage to f I the South forms the headwatere of the Embarrass River. Both I the Vermillion and the Embarrass enter the Wabash River. The 6 Vermillion in Indiana, and the Embarrass in Lawrence County. ( Illinois. The Wabash enters the Ohio River, which enters l t the Mississippi. In the southwest portion of the area the i I surfac. drainage forms ih. h.adwai.rt of in. xasmassi. l l system, which joins the Mississippi River fifty miles south of St. Louis. Missouri, in the west and notthwest portions l i the drainage entera the Sangamon River system, which in turn joins the Illinois River in Northorn Cass County. Illinois. Figure 11-6 shows the bounderles of these four watersheds t and their relationship to the cities of Champaign and I, Urbana. [ t

i l 't i 20 i l i l i f =

• esa m ase i

%,,+\\ f I f

• ete j

I e i i I seees F I t

• • see i

1 i ki /* %~ \\ / wmeme I CHAMPA1GN i I l l. anseeses. I \\ / \\ ~ q/ 6srete - / / i f semuser l

=

h., i i m I t watershed Boundaries riaune ii-e i i t. i

4 o. et II.C.3. Stetm tamat tvatam l The storm tower ty6tems of the Un6verstty and the City 1 of Urbene in the reactor area flow 6nto the Boneyer4 detonage creek, which moves in en tetterly 46tectlon toward the $ sit Fork River, ll.C.4. Sanitatv samat tvatam Over 90 percent of the tanttery sy6 tem for both Ch6mpetgn and Urbana droins into the Urbana-Champa6gn tan 6tary d6strtct sewage treatment plant located on the Boneyard Creek to the east of Urbene. The detign capacity of the plant is 17.3 million gallone processed per day. The plant now operate 6 with a daytime meximum of about 16 million gallons and a nighttime minimum of about 4 million gallons. The plant operates with a dilution factor of 0.7 vaing 0,7 gallons of Boneyard Creek water for every one gallon of towage water processed. After passing through the treatment plant, all towage effluent is returned to the Boneyard. Lt.0. GEOLOGY. WATER tuPPLIER. AND RflaMoLOGY ll.0.t Qantoav The bedrock formstions in east-central lilinoit 4re layers of sanctione, limestone, dolomite, shale, and coal arranged one above the other like the paget of a book. The rocks, now firm and compact, were originally deposited at

k. 22 l l l unconsot6 dated sediments in coastal marthes or in shallow sees that rspeatedly invaded the continent. These sed 6mentary layers. hardened into rock. were later warped and tilted so that today they are no longer horizontal, l' Figure 11-7 shows the rock structure for two cross sections in the osst-centrol lilinois area. Figure 11-6 shows the major bedrock valleys in the Champaign-Urbana area. Atter the Pennsylvanian sediments were deposited. the seas retreated and the upper part of the bedrock was deeply eroded. One of the major valleye of the old drainage system extends across the contral part of the elate from the indians border to the Illinois River Valley. This valley takes its name from the village of Mahomet located over the deepest part of the channel in Champaign County. The valley of the Mahomet River and its tributaries, and much of the ancient Mississippi Valley, were completely buried by the deposits of the great glaciers which covered much of Illinois during the Pleistocene epoch. Glacial ice sheets which advanced outward from centers of snow accumulattoi in Canada transported a great volume of { I rock debris. As the ice shoeis melted. the rock debris was j deposited as an irregula' blanket which covered the eroded, layered bedrock. Till, outwash, and the sediments of modern l l streams now cover the bedrock surface of east-central I tilinois, resulting in a relatively level plain. This ple'in is broken by broad ridges (moraines) which were deposited along the ice front in a roughly concentric pattern. / emo +

i n Art: 993.. 3 g i g i Iegg! !jt 7 q.. ' g' 'p ;{ .t'Ir -11* Jt i jk. i .i %i.i>p i Ir ! Ql.n..%;" 6 r a.~.,r.:: v ~ t c.;rit. .ug.t. Yi.l'.k.g I I:. '.'.l [. ,,(g .i.@M.::.. df',g:.%. i (.y.:,.;#p4,hv 3 s i' .((g ... w... - 1.v.M:. c.. U W.!) .i.. .gg ,,,$.All l.' y s,,,.. 3 '. -:t - . r., s.a. . c. 1 ry. h'l - >.*{. + :? n [ .k Y8 I l,*. ',,':1./ t,. .gg)l l '.s i 'il.' '.7,,,1 i ( F,' -3l l ',. i:, y. J . l.*.,i. ,s f ,, l'. ", I i,, j@,.;.s ' -l-N,.lI l' l. , ' ' - N. ,,II8I . ;gg

• s *'

-l j hf k ..*f 15$.j'ff.'[..'III jj l 2Mlnl1:t.a' .0 % ,n t '. ,y .o ,, g,. -S. Q,, {5,,',.q:, *f 4 r, I'.....pt:* re als 5 .;i -.r-b;' .O'.:% ' J I,,y,y^:s'... 1: .s, i. r

,; ' ip,,,;,;

3. t - i, i..x, -Vl .9

p;.h..g),..

" 's. .i::'s.,M ~.i .:.g. i' h !.. f.,'.h.. '. :'.i' 'f'~.!. '

i.,i

..,g,. _ gi s. i i i i i i g2 g g g g 2 g I I { y !l l 'g t I. j I g a I g I = Cross Sections of Formations it East-central Illinois FIGURE Il-7

I ~ 24 g i e ) I' t A-i rs p %w g = 's 'sb ul g. \\N .r. - - .E f "\\ E s,, \\g l 4 ~~ T s a 2 p# L_1/h;',$j./.a3 j,% } i 11 a l. ~h o [~ ~~ ~ be i ilI N __. _ c s I I s i-

• 5 l

i 35 g* - h f-I p1,sI'[I s %s 3 f 4, o u lf _J ^ A *]fl.l m, ,4 i a=. FIGURE Il-8 -~1. Z. lJ ~~ ~ '~~ ~.1..... . f 'l _E". I.21"'L.i._ _,

t f 26 i Three major glaciations. Kansas, Illinois, and j I Wisconsin, have affected the Champaign-Urbana area. Each glaciation was followed by an interglacial period during, l 1 which the climate warmed and the ice front melted back. The layers of unconsolidated material laid by each glaciation in t the Champaign-Urbana area are shown in Figure 11-g. 11.0.2. water sunniten s in Champaign County the fill'of the Mahomet Valley e contains sand and gravel deposits suitable for development of high-capacity wells. A typical log follows: Descrintion Thicknanafft) Danthfft) Soll and till 66 66 Sand and gravel, clean 68 123 Till 27 160 i Sand, some gravel, clean 6 166 Till 26 180 Gravel, sandy, very silty 10 190 Sand and Gravel 30 220 r At some locations the zones of sand and' gravel are almost continuously vertical and extend from shallow depths to the top of bedrock. The water for the towns of Champaign and Urbana is obtained from 19 wells either in western Champaign or within three miles west of Champaign. These wells penetrate into 1 the Illinois and Kansan drifts and are approximately 260 to r i 346 feet deep. The capacity of these wells is 38.6 million gallons per day. l l

.+..-----~.-a-. . -.. -,. ~ - . ~. -.... -.- - ~. - - - - - -. -.. - -.. - 0 to .o l }ll 'I Ib I I I I 3 1 %.i I i ( y I i:< 3, .x .. 0 1 1 ..)..<.- s e s n s.., d ..,i.. .., s. s 3( ... s..A, l -*;:nis. e. f. s s.. :. i = ',s ,s, y e j .,... :..[..., I j 5 .i.1 i,t..s. . \\ /. e :.,...J... p:ms. w,.:\\ l r.

• i.\\l\\' ' f';:... e. l:'f 8ii:,,::::.:

L. J ',g*l:: '.' a r.' s.. . s g /.\\ *...f. I. *... * '. l *. l-es:.] 11:....'=g;,:&g..."..'... . i :!.:. 42- \\.'.:..., e ./...,.. s, E,E . ' ~.. ,o' ,... 1'. g n a.

s..::..

• '\\,,, t t.t

/.. . ;e..,..e ' r., Ee 'f.'.:.:: 3':/.e.e...y..e. j,.......... ..,...e a p.,......y.::.'. : ;;, '.:. e .. \\s., = = 1..p ...... '. 's /,,.. g ., s'e., Y. e

a.., '.n., ; ; l ; '.. *. '. '.' -, asoie e i.'

a . /.,,\\ 8.', '.' #.'[! l l..... '... '. g e e s..% e, s. e g, '.o * . \\ /, i; N. s.'.l; \\ I I .p*.l,e, we as s- ..s..., p e., i - E. p 3 vt i . '. '. b 4 '. .*ll 1 s. a ... '. l p .,\\ *.4 e I .N.'. a s'. l \\7 * / *.9 l 1o l 4 I t l FIGURE I1-9 i i ,....... -.;,.-...~ ~., .. _. -. -...... -. ~. _.. ,..y

i e e..., 21 i l The water needs of Champaign and Urbana very both seasonally and daily. This variation runs from a peak of 2 i 29.812 million gallons per day in early July to a low of 10.931 million gallons per day near Christmas. I Many domestic and farm wells penetrate into the upper l portions of the Illinois drift to supply water to those i people not serviced by the city water supply. The majority of these wells are approximately 90 to 120 feet deep. l Tests have shown that the water obtained from wells in t the Illinois drift has been underground for approximately 30 years, and that surface water in the area has virtually no i ? effect upon this water. The water obtained from the Kansan drift is definitely not affected by surface water in this d area as it is believed to come from sources in the l Appalachlan Mountains through the drainage system eroded in l i the top of the Pennsylvanian bedrock. 'l 11.D.3. Relamalaav i There is ample evidence that the Champaign-Urbana area l has not been severely affected by any earth tremors for the l past 350 years. There have been two tremors having ] epicenters on or near a fault line about 140 miles north of Champaign-Urbane which have affected the area only slightly. Figure 11-10 shows the lines of equal-intensity shock i recordings for these two tremors. There has been a third i i tremor having an epicenter on or near a fault line about 160 { miles south of Champaign-Urbana which affected the aron L-a -u-L ~~ "-?"

l.. '., - 28' 4M E [ \\ q g / 7 I \\ / M J, g \\ / 5 g e I ( \\ \\ f N, \\ \\( / / i \\N, I y5 i i \\ \\ \\ q f I i i / l / I )\\I i \\ / N I I \\ I i 3 N I \\ I l ss I 5 l URRANA Ja Y. s._ s V ~ l ii d 1909 EARTHOUAKE' I l9 62, . EARTH QU AKE k. p INTENSITY LINES-RO S SI--FORELL SCAL. I . 5=WTRPT: SCALga uitg3 EARTHQUAKE EQUA-L INTENSITY LINE' FIGURE II-10 -.---.-..~..-.-~.,.--..,-.-..--,,,,---.----._.-....,,-,....en.,

2e .i l 96* 9d' 97 9( ts' W V Bf If o" I j T M19 CON $1N

• i "g \\

4 g g MINNESOTA [ k / o a 4 I y MICillCAN l' k / ? g*' il,i NF i { a yn .r.. g a -~ m i i, i 7,.h.... p-nowA r e's J a %e 5 $y O,,,,( _ it.uNiOs i s i', i - ll.lV INDIANA 4 h I C V '- OHIO ' n!=sen ii.iv s v y CV pJ Vi i asismes m se V.Vl r VIRCINIA g . KANSAS Mggolag

• ===='

V i i KDmlCKY oW 4 hi I s 8 g VIRCFMIA 8 I d o saw.me,

8. s OKLAHOMA

'm i i i a oc= l C.,,,,,, AREAN3AS s i o ] S N imes eum Osamm a* i / SOUTH CAROUNA s, MN AI.ABAMA 8 o W inu cuomcla Tu:xAS

• D"***

a see ye-LDUISIANA 1 g e l u.n enesus 1 % me a s

m. i

==

6..e w io, ives (c. n FIGURE Il-11 1

4- .y-

-~ - o se* 30 l I l slightly. Figure 11-11 shows the lines of equal-intensity j l for this tremor on the Modified Mercalli scale.. The firsi tremor, which occurred in 1909. had its I center near the Illinois-Wisconsin border and affected the Champaign-Urbana area with an intensity five shock wave on the Rossi-Forell scale. A wave of that intensity is felt by almost everyone, and it may rattle or crack window glass er crack plagter walls, it is not severe enough to crack i foundations. however. The second tremer, which occurred in 1912, had its center between the towns of Morris and Aurora. Illinois, i This tremor was less severe than the 1909 tremor, affecting the Champaign-Urbana area with an intensity three shock' wave. This intensity tremor is barely perceptible to anyone on the ground and feels like vibrations ~ from a passing trucki however, it may be felt more easily by people on the upper floors of tall buildings. The third tremor, which occurred in 1987, had its j eenter approximately 160 miles south of Champaign-Urbana 1 1 near the town of Claremont. Illinois in Richland County. l This tremor was felt at intensity IV on the Modified } I Mercalli scale in Champaign-Urbana, which is noticeable, but not damaging. Tremors which occurred in 1811-1812 and were centered near New Madrid. Missourt. (approximately 300 miles s o u t h w e,s t of Champaign-Urbana? and which covered two million square miles, undoubtedly affected the Champaign-Urbana

r A e.* d j p,. - 31 l i arest however, no data is available to show just how j i severely the area was affected, it is doubtful that Champaign-Urbana was affacted more severely by these tremors. i than by either of the three tremors previously described. Another tremor occurring in 1896 in Charleston, i Missouri. (about 200 miles southwest of Champaign-Urbana) covered approximately one million square miles and must also have affacted the Champaign-Urbana area. Records do not show that any damage was noted. i k n 1 ) P f '}}