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Enclosure 4 - Kld TR-486, Revision 5, Development of Evacuation Time Estimates Expanded EPZ Boundary EP-100 Appendix 5
	ML14363A373
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Site:	Summer
Issue date:	04/30/2012
From:	; KLD Engineering, PC
To:	; Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation, South Carolina Electric & Gas Co
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ML14363A422	List: ML14363A373; ML14363A376; RC-14-0191, Enclosure 4 - Kld TR-486, Revision 5, Development of Evacuation Time Estimates Expanded EPZ Boundary EP-100 Appendix 5; RC-14-0191, Enclosure 5 - Alert and Notification System Design Report December 2014; RC-14-0191, LAR-14-05497 Request for NRC Approval of Radiation Emergency Plan Change;
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	LAR-14-05497, RC-14-0191 KLD TR-486, Rev. 5
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April,2012FinalReport,Rev.5KLDTR-486 VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationDevelopmentofEvacuationTimeEstimatesExpandedEPZBoundaryEP 100Appendix5WorkperformedforSouthCarolinaElectricandGas,by:KLDEngineering,P.C.43CorporateDriveHauppauge,NY11788mailto:kweinisch@kldcompanies.com EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationiKLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableofContents1INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................................1 11.1OverviewoftheETEProcess......................................................................................................1 21.2TheVirgilC.SummerNuclearStation(VCSNS)Location...........................................................1 41.3PreliminaryActivities.................................................................................................................1 71.4ComparisonwithPriorETEStudy............................................................................................1 102STUDYESTIMATESANDASSUMPTIONS.............................................................................................2 12.1DataEstimates...........................................................................................................................2 12.2StudyMethodology....................................................................................................................2 22.3StudyAssumptions.....................................................................................................................2 53DEMANDESTIMATION.......................................................................................................................3 13.1PermanentResidents.................................................................................................................3 23.2ShadowPopulation....................................................................................................................3 93.3TransientPopulation..................................................................................................................3 93.4Employees...............................................................................................................................

.3 133.5MedicalFacilities......................................................................................................................3 173.6TotalDemandinAddi tiontoPermanentPopulation..............................................................3 173.7SpecialEvents...........................................................................................................................3 173.8SummaryofDemand...............................................................................................................3 184ESTIMATIONOFHIGHWAYCAPACITY................................................................................................4 14.1CapacityEstimationsonApproachestoIntersections..............................................................4 24.2CapacityEstimationalongSectionsofHighway........................................................................4 44.3ApplicationtotheVCSNSStudyArea........................................................................................4 64.3.1Two LaneRoads.................................................................................................................4 64.3.2Multi LaneHighway...........................................................................................................4 64.3.3Freeways............................................................................................................................4 74.3.4Intersections......................................................................................................................4 84.4SimulationandCapacityEstimation..........................................................................................4 85ESTIMATIONOFTRIPGENERATIONTIME..........................................................................................5 15.1Background...............................................................................................................................

.5 15.2Fundam entalConsiderations.....................................................................................................5 35.3EstimatedTimeDistributionsofActivitiesPrecedingEvent5...................................................5 75.4CalculationofTripGenerationTimeDistribution....................................................................5 125.4.1StatisticalOutliers............................................................................................................5 135.4.2StagedEvacuationTripGeneration.................................................................................5 165.4.3TripGenerationforWaterwaysandRecreationalAreas.................................................5 176DEMANDESTIMATIONFOREVACUATIONSCENARIOS.....................................................................6 17GENERALPOPULATIONEVACUATIONTIMEESTIMATES(ETE)..........................................................7 17.1VoluntaryEvacuationandShadowEvacuation.........................................................................7 17.2StagedEvacuation......................................................................................................................7 17.3PatternsofTrafficCongestionduringEvacuation.....................................................................7 27.4EvacuationRates........................................................................................................................7 37.5EvacuationTimeEstimate(ETE)Results....................................................................................7 37.6StagedEvacuationResults.........................................................................................................7 5 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationiiKLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.57.7GuidanceonUsingETETables...................................................................................................7 58TRANSITDEPENDENTANDSPECIALFACILITYEVACUATIONTIMEESTIMATES.................................8 18.1TransitDependentPeopleDemandEstimate............................................................................8 28.2SchoolPopulation-TransitDemand.........................................................................................8 58.3SpecialFacilityDemand.............................................................................................................8 58.4EvacuationTimeEstimatesforTransitDependentPeople.......................................................8 68.5SpecialNeedsPopulation.........................................................................................................8 129TRAFFICMANAGEMENTSTRATEGY...................................................................................................9 110EVACUATIONROUTES......................................................................................................................10 111SURVEILLANCEOFEVACUATIONOPERATIONS...............................................................................11 112CONFIRMATIONTIME......................................................................................................................12 113Recommendations...........................................................................................................................13 1ListofAppendicesAGLOSSARYOFTRAFFICENGINEERINGTERMS..................................................................................A 1B.DYNAMICTRAFFICASSIGNMENTANDDISTRIBUTIONMODEL.........................................................B 1C.DYNEVTRAFFICSIMULATIONMODEL...............................................................................................C 1D.DETAILEDDESCRIPTIONOFSTUDYPROCEDURE..............................................................................D 1E.SPECIALFACILITYDATA......................................................................................................................E 1F.TELEPHONESURVEY...........................................................................................................................F 1F.1INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................F 1F.2SURV EYINSTRUMENTANDSAMPLINGPLAN............................................................................F 2F.3SURVEYRESULTS........................................................................................................................F 3F.3.1HouseholdDemographicResults...........................................................................................F 4F.3.2EvacuationResponse.............................................................................................................F 8F.3.3TimeDistributionResults.......................................................................................................F 9F.4CONCLUSIONS..........................................................................................................................F 11G.TRAFFICMANAGEMENTPLAN..........................................................................................................G 1G.1TrafficControlPoints................................................................................................................G 1G.2AccessControlPoints................................................................................................................G 1H.EVACUATIONREGIONS.....................................................................................................................H 1J.REPRESENTATIVEINPUTSTOANDOUTPUTSFROMTHEDYNEVIISYSTEM.....................................J 1K.EVACUATIONROADWAYNETWORK..................................................................................................K 1PROTECTIVEACTIONZONEBOUNDARIES.........................................................................................L 1L.M.EVACUATIONSENSITIVITYSTUDIES.................................................................................................M 1M.1EffectofChangesinTripGenerationTimes............................................................................M 1M.2EffectofChangesintheNumberofPeopleintheShadowRegionWhoRelocate.................M 2M.3EffectofChangesinEPZResidentPopulation.........................................................................M 3N.ETECRITERIACHECKLIST...................................................................................................................N 1Note:AppendixIintentionallyskipped EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationiiiKLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5ListofFiguresFigure1 1.VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationSiteLocation.......................................................................1 6Figure1 2.VCSNSLinkNodeAnalysisNetwork......................................................................................1 12Figure2 1.ShadowEvacuationMethodology...........................................................................................2 4Figure3 1.VCSNSEPZ...............................................................................................................................

.3 4Figure3 2.PermanentResidentPopulationbySector.............................................................................3 7Figure3 3.PermanentRe sidentVehiclesbySector.................................................................................3 8Figure3 4.TransientPopulationbySector.............................................................................................3 11Figure3 5.TransientVehiclesbySector.................................................................................................3 12Figure3 6.EmployeePopulationbySector............................................................................................3 15Figure3 7.EmployeeVehiclesbySector................................................................................................3 16Figure4 1.FundamentalDiagrams.........................................................................................................4 10Figure5 1.EventsandActivitiesPrecedingtheEvacuationTrip..............................................................5 6Figure5 2.EvacuationMobilizationActivities........................................................................................5 11Figure5 3.ComparisonofDataDistributionandNormalDistribution......................................................5 14Figure5 4.ComparisonofTripGenerationDistributions.......................................................................5 18Figure5 5.ComparisonofStagedandUnstagedTripGenerationDistributionsinthe2 5MileRegion..............................................................................................................................................5 21Figure6 1.VCSNSEPZProtectiveActionZones........................................................................................6 7Figure7 1.VoluntaryEvacuationMethodology.....................................................................................7 16Figure7 2.VCSNSSiteShadowEvacuationRegion................................................................................7 18Figure7 3.CongestionPatternsat1:15aftertheAdvisorytoEvacuate................................................7 20Figure7 4.CongestionPatternsat2:15aftertheAdvisorytoEvacuate................................................7 22Figure7 5.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario1forRegionR03......................................................7 23Figure7 6.EvacuationTi meEstimatesScenario2forRegionR03......................................................7 23Figure7 7.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario3forRegionR03......................................................7 24Figure7 8.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario4forRegionR03......................................................7 24Figure7 9.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario5forRegionR0 3......................................................7 25Figure7 10.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario6forRegionR03....................................................7 25Figure7 11.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario7forRegionR03....................................................7 26Figure7 12.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario8forRegionR03....................................................7 26Figure7 13.EvacuationTi meEstimatesScenario9forRegionR03....................................................7 27Figure7 14.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario10forRegionR03..................................................7 27Figure7 15.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario11forRegionR03..................................................7 28Figure7 16.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario12forRegionR03..................................................7 28Figure7 17.EvacuationTi meEstimatesScenario13forRegionR03..................................................7 29Figure7 18.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario14forRegionR03..................................................7 29Figure8 1.ChronologyofTransitEvacuationOperations......................................................................8 17Figure8 2.Transit DependentBusRoutes.............................................................................................8 19Figure10 1.GeneralPopulationRece ptionCenters..............................................................................10 3Figure10 2.EvacuationRouteMap........................................................................................................10 5FigureB 1.FlowDiagramofSimulation DTRADInterface........................................................................B 5FigureC 1.RepresentativeAnalysisNetwork...........................................................................................C 4FigureC 2.FundamentalDiagrams...........................................................................................................C 6FigureC 3.AUNITProblemConfigurationwitht 1>0...............................................................................C 6FigureC 4.FlowofSimulationProcessing(SeeGlossary:TableC 3)....................................................C 14 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationivKLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureD 1.FlowDiagramofActivities.....................................................................................................D 5FigureE 1.SchoolswithintheEPZ............................................................................................................E 6FigureE 2.MedicalFacilitieswithintheEPZ............................................................................................E 9FigureE 3.MajorEmployerswithintheEPZ...........................................................................................E 12FigureE 4.RecreationalAreaswithintheEPZ........................................................................................E 15FigureF 1.HouseholdSizeintheEPZ.......................................................................................................F 4FigureF 2.HouseholdVehicleAvailability................................................................................................F 5FigureF 3.VehicleAvailability1to5PersonHouseholds......................................................................F 6FigureF 4.VehicleAvailability6to9+PersonHouseholds....................................................................F 6FigureF 5.CommutersinHouseholdsintheEPZ.....................................................................................F 7FigureF 6.ModesofTravelintheEPZ.....................................................................................................F 8FigureF 7.NumberofVehiclesUsedforEvacuation...............................................................................F 9FigureF 8.TimetoPreparetoLeaveWork/School................................................................................F 10FigureF 9.WorktoHomeTravelTime...................................................................................................F 10FigureF 10.TimetoPrepareHomeforEvacuation................................................................................F 11FigureG 1.VCSNSTrafficControlPoints.................................................................................................G 2FigureH 1.RegionR01.............................................................................................................................H 4FigureH 2.RegionR02.............................................................................................................................H 5FigureH 3.RegionR03.............................................................................................................................H 6FigureH 4.RegionR04.............................................................................................................................H 7FigureH 5.RegionR05.............................................................................................................................H 8FigureH 6.RegionR06.............................................................................................................................H 9FigureH 7.RegionR07...........................................................................................................................H 10FigureH 8.RegionR08...........................................................................................................................H 11FigureH 9.RegionR09...........................................................................................................................H 12FigureH 10.RegionR10.........................................................................................................................H 13FigureH 11.RegionR11.........................................................................................................................H 14FigureH 12.RegionR12.........................................................................................................................H 15FigureH 13.RegionR13.........................................................................................................................H 16FigureH 14.RegionR14.........................................................................................................................H 17FigureH 15.RegionR15.........................................................................................................................H 18FigureH 16.RegionR16.........................................................................................................................H 19FigureH 17.RegionR17.........................................................................................................................H 20FigureH 18.RegionR18.........................................................................................................................H 21FigureH 19.RegionR19.........................................................................................................................H 22FigureH 20.RegionR20.........................................................................................................................H 23FigureH 21.RegionR21.........................................................................................................................H 24FigureH 22.RegionR22.........................................................................................................................H 25FigureH 23.RegionR23.........................................................................................................................H 26FigureH 24.RegionR24.........................................................................................................................H 27FigureH 25.RegionR25.........................................................................................................................H 28FigureH 26.RegionR26.........................................................................................................................H 29FigureH 27.RegionR27.........................................................................................................................H 30FigureH 28.RegionR28.........................................................................................................................H 31FigureH 29.RegionR29.........................................................................................................................H 32FigureH 30.RegionR30.........................................................................................................................H 33FigureJ 1.ET EandTripGenerationSummer,Midweek,Midday,GoodWeather(Scenario1)..............J 9 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationvKLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureJ 2.ETEandTripGenerationSummer,Midweek,Midday,Rain(Scenario2)..............................J 10FigureJ 3.ETEandTripGenerationSummer,Weekend,Midday,GoodWeather(Scenario3).............J 11FigureJ 4.ETEandTripGenerationSummer,Weekend,Midday,Rain(Scenario4)..............................J 12FigureJ 5.ETEandTripGenerationSummer,Midweek,Weekend,Evening,GoodWeather(Scenario5).....................................................................................................................J 13FigureJ 6.ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Midweek,Midday,GoodWeather(Scenario6)...............J 14FigureJ 7.ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Midweek,Midday,Rain(Scenario7)................................J 15FigureJ 8.ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Midweek,Midday,Ice(Scenario8)...................................J 16FigureJ 9.ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Weekend,Midday,GoodWeather(Scenario9)...............J 17FigureJ 10.ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Weekend,Midday,Rain(Scenario10)............................J 18FigureJ 11.ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Weekend,Midday,Ice(Scenario11)..............................J 19FigureJ 12.ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Midweek,Weekend,Evening,GoodWeather(Scenario12)...................................................................................................................J 20FigureJ 13.ETEandTripGenerationSummer,Midweek,Midday,GoodWeather,Construction(Scenario13)......................................................................................................................J 21FigureJ 14.ETEandTripGenerationSu mmer,Midweek,Midday,GoodWeather,RoadwayImpact(Scenario14)................................................................................................................J 22FigureK 1.OverviewofLinkNodeAnalysis..............................................................................................K 2FigureK 2.Grid1......................................................................................................................................K 3FigureK 3.Grid2......................................................................................................................................K 4FigureK 4.Grid3......................................................................................................................................K 5FigureK 5.Grid4......................................................................................................................................K 6FigureK 6.Grid5......................................................................................................................................K 7FigureK 7.Grid6......................................................................................................................................K 8FigureK 8.Grid7......................................................................................................................................K 9FigureK 9.Grid8....................................................................................................................................K 10FigureK 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.K 51 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationviiKLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5ListofTablesTable1 2.HighwayCharacteristics...........................................................................................................1 7Table1 3.ETEStudyComparisons..........................................................................................................1 13Table2 1.EvacuationScenarioDefinitions...............................................................................................2 3Table2 2.ModelAdjustmentforAdverseWeather.................................................................................2 7Table3 1.EPZPermanentResidentPopulation.......................................................................................3 5Table3 2.PermanentResidentPopulationandVehiclesbyPAZ.............................................................3 6Table3 3.ShadowPopulationandVehiclesbySector.............................................................................3 9Table3 4.SummaryofTransientsandTransientVehicles.....................................................................3 10Table3 5.SummaryofNon EPZEmployeesandEmployeeVehicles.....................................................3 14Table3 6.VCSNSSiteExternalTraffic.....................................................................................................3 18Table3 7.SummaryofPopulationDemand...........................................................................................3 19Table3 8.SummaryofVehicleDemand.................................................................................................3 20Table5 2.TimeDistributionforNotifyingthePublic...............................................................................5 7Table5 3.TimeDistributionforEmployeestoPreparetoLeaveWork...................................................5 8Table5 4.Ti meDistributionforCommuterstoTravelHome..................................................................5 9Table5 5.TimeDistributionforPopulationtoPreparetoEvacuate.....................................................5 10Table5 6.MappingDistributionstoEvents............................................................................................5 12Table5 7.DescriptionoftheDistributions.............................................................................................5 12Table5 8.TripGenerationHistogramsfortheEPZPopulation..............................................................5 19Table5 9.TripGenerationHistogramsfortheEPZPopulationinthe2 5MileRegionforaStagedEvacuation....................................................................................................................................5 20Table6 1.DescriptionofEvacuationRegions...........................................................................................6 3Table6 2.EvacuationScenarioDefinitions...............................................................................................6 8Table6 3.PercentofPopulationGroupsEvacuatingforVariousScenarios............................................6 9Table6 4.VehicleEstimatesbyScenario................................................................................................6 10Table7 1.TimetoCleartheIndicatedAreaof90PercentoftheAffectedPopulation............................7 8Table7 2.TimetoCleartheIndicatedAreaof100PercentoftheAffectedPopulation........................7 10Table7 3.TimetoClear90Percentofthe2 MileAreawithintheIndicatedRegion............................7 12Table7 4.TimetoClear100Percentofthe2 MileAreawithintheIndicatedRegion..........................7 13Table7 5.DescriptionofEvacuationRegions.........................................................................................7 14Table8 1.TransitDependentPopulationEstimates..............................................................................8 20Table8 2.SchoolPopulationDemandEstimates...................................................................................8 21Table8 3.SchoolReceptionCenters......................................................................................................8 23Table8 4.SpecialFacilityTransitDemand.............................................................................................8 24Table8 5.SummaryofTransportationResources..................................................................................8 25Table8 6.BusRouteDescriptions..........................................................................................................8 26Table8 7.SchoolEvacuationTimeEstimatesGoodWeather..............................................................8 27Table8 8SchoolEvacuationTimeEstimates-Rain...............................................................................8 29Table8 9SchoolEvacuationTimeEstimates-Ice.................................................................................8 30Table8 10SummaryofTransitDependentBusRoutes........................................................................8 32Table8 11.Transit DependentEvacuationTimeEstimatesGoodWeather........................................8 33Table8 12.Transit DependentEvacuationTimeEstimatesRain.........................................................8 34Table8 13.Transit DependentEvacuationTimeEstimatesIce...........................................................8 35Table12 1.EstimatedNumberofTelephoneCallsRequiredforConfirmationofEvacuation..............12 2TableA 1.GlossaryofTrafficEngineeringTerms....................................................................................A 1 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationviiiKLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableC 1.SelectedMeasuresofEffectivenessOutputbyDYNEVII........................................................C 2TableC 2.InputRequirementsfortheDYNEVIIModel...........................................................................C 3TableC 3.Glossary....................................................................................................................................C 7TableE 1.SchoolswithintheEPZ.............................................................................................................E 2TableE 2.MedicalFacilitieswithintheEPZ..............................................................................................E 7TableE 3.MajorEmployerswithintheEPZ............................................................................................E 10TableE 4.RecreationalAreaswithintheEPZ..........................................................................................E 13TableE 5.LodgingFacilitieswithintheEPZ............................................................................................E 16TableE 6.CorrectionalFacilitieswithintheEPZ......................................................................................E 16TableF 1.VCSNSTelephoneSurveySamplingPlan..................................................................................F 2TableH 1.PercentofPAZPopulationEvacuatingforEachRegion.........................................................H 2TableJ 1.CharacteristicsoftheTenHighestVolumeSignalizedIntersections........................................J 2TableJ 2.SampleSimulationModelInput...............................................................................................J 4TableJ 3.SelectedModelOutputsfortheEvacuationoftheEntireEPZ(RegionR03)...........................J 5TableJ 4.AverageEvacuationRouteTravelTime(min)forRegionR03,Scenario1...............................J 6TableJ 5.SimulationModelOutputsatNetworkExitLinksforRegionR03,Scenario1.........................J 7TableK 1.Ev acuationRoadwayNetworkCharacteristics......................................................................K 52TableK 2.NodesintheLink NodeAnalysisNetworkwhichareControlled.........................................K 114TableM 1.EvacuationTimeEstimatesforTripGenerationSensitivityStudy.......................................M 1TableM 2.EvacuationTimeEstimatesforShadowSensitivityStudy....................................................M 2TableM 3.ETEVariationwithPopulationChange.................................................................................M 4TableN 1.ETEReviewCriteriaChecklist.................................................................................................N 1

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5EXECUTIVE

SUMMARY

ThisreportdescribestheanalysesundertakenandtheresultsobtainedbyastudytodevelopEvacuationTimeEstimates(ETE)fortheVirgilC.SummerNuclearStation(VCSNS)sitelocatedinFairfieldCounty,SouthCarolinafortheexpandedemergencyplanningzone.PopulationestimateshavebeenadjustedtoincludetheexpandedareaofProtectiveActionZoneD 2.ETEarepartoftherequiredplanningbasisandprovideVCSNSandstateandlocalgovernmentswithsite specificinformationneededforProtectiveActionDecisions(PAD).Intheperformanceofthiseffort,guidanceisprovidedbydocumentspublishedbyFederalGovernmentalagencies.Mostimportantoftheseare: CriteriaforDevelopmentofEvacuationTimeEstimateStudies,NUREG/CR 7002,November2011. CriteriaforPreparationandEvaluationofRadiologicalEmergencyResponsePlansandPreparednessinSupportofNuclearPowerPlants,NUREG0654/FEMA REP 1,Rev.1,November1980. DevelopmentofEvacua tionTimeEstimatesforNuclearPowerPlants,NUREG/CR 6863,January2005.OverviewofProjectActivitiesThisprojectbeganinMay,2011andextendedoveraperiodof8months.Themajoractivitiesperformedarebrieflydescribedinchronologicalsequence: Attended"kick off"meetingswithSouthCarolinaElectric&Gaspersonnelandemergencymanagementpersonnelrepresentingstateandlocalgovernments. AccessedU.S.CensusBureaudatafilesfortheyear2010.StudiedGeographicalInformationSystems(GIS)mapsoftheareainthevicinityoftheVCSNS,thenconductedadetailedfieldsurveyofthehighwaynetwork. Synthesizedthisinformationtocreateananal ysisnetworkrepresentingthehighwaysystemtopologyandcapacitieswithintheEmergencyPlanningZone(EPZ),pl usaShadowRegioncoveringtheregionbetweentheEPZboundaryandapproximately15milesradiallyfromtheplant. Reviewedtheresultsofatelephonesurvey(conductedinDecember2006)ofresidentswithintheEPZtogatherfocuseddataneededforthisETEstudythatwerenotcontainedwithinthecensusdatabase.Thesurveyinstrumentusedfo rthesurveywasreviewedandmodifiedbythelicenseeandoffsiteresponseorganization(ORO)personnelpriortothesurvey. Datacollectionforms(providedtotheOROsatthekickoffmeeting)werereturnedwithdatapertainingtoemployment,transients,andspecialfacilitiesineachcounty.Telephonecallstospecificfacilitiessupplementedthedataprovided.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5 Thetrafficdemandandtrip generationratesofevacuatingvehicleswereestimatedfromthegathereddata.Thetripgenerationratesreflectedtheestimatedmobilizationtime(i.e.,thetimerequiredbyevacueestopreparefortheevacuationtrip)computedusingtheresultsofthetelephonesurveyofEPZresidents. Followingfed eralguidelines,theEPZissubdividedinto13ProtectiveActionZones(PAZ).ThesePAZsarethengroupedwithincircularareasor"keyhole"configurations(circlesplusradialsectors)thatdefine30EvacuationRegions Thetime varyingexternalcircumstancesarerepresentedasEvacuationScenarios,eachdescribedintermsofthefollowingfactors:(1)Season(Summer,Winter);(2)DayofWeek(Midweek,Weekend);(3)TimeofDay(Midday,Evening);and(4)Weather(Good,Rain,Ice).Onespecialscenario,constructionoftheproposedUnits2and3atVCSNSin2014combinedwithaplannedoutageatUnit1,wasconsidered.Aroadwayimpactscenariowasconsideredwher einasinglelanewasclosedoneastboundInterstate 26inLexingtonCountyforthedurationoftheevacuation. Stagedevacuationwasconsideredforthoseregionswherethe2mileradiusandsectorsdownwindto5mileswereevacuated. AsperNUREG/CR 7002,theplanningbasisforthecalculationofETEis: Arapidlyes calatingaccidentatVCSNSthatquicklyattainsthestatusofGeneralEmergencysuchthattheAdvisorytoEvacuateisvirtuallycoincidentwiththesirenalert,andnoearlyprotectiveactionshavebeenimplemented. Whileanunlikelyaccidentscenario,thisplanningbasiswillyieldETE,measuredastheelapsedtimefromtheAdvisorytoEvacuateuntiltheastatedpercentageofthepopulationexitstheimpactedRegion,thatrepresent"upperbound"estimates.Thisconservativeplanningbasisisapplicableforallinitiatingevents. Iftheemergencyoccurswhileschoolsareinsession,theETEstudyassumesthatthechildrenwillbeevacuatedbybusdirectlytoreceptioncenterslocatedoutsidetheEPZ.Parents,relatives,andneighborsareadvisedtonotpickuptheirchildrenatschoolpriortothearrivalofthebusesdispatchedforthatpurpose.TheETEforschoolchildrenarecalculat edseparately. Evacueeswhodonothaveaccesstoaprivatevehiclewilleitherride sharewithrelatives,friendsorneighbors,orbeevacuatedbybusesprovidedasspecifiedinthecountyevacuationplans.Thoseinspecialfacilitieswillbeevacuatedbybus,van,orambulance,asrequired.SeparateETEarecalculat edforthetransit dependentevacuees,forhomeboundspecialneedspopulation,andforthoseevacuatedfromspecialfacilities.ComputationofETEAtotalof420ETEwerecomputedfortheevacuationofthegeneralpublic.EachETEquantifiestheaggregateevacuationtimeestimatedforthepopulationwithinoneofthe30EvacuationRegionstoevacuatefromthatRegion,underthecircumstancesdefinedforoneofthe14 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5EvacuationScenarios(30x14=420).SeparateETEarecalculatedfortransit dependentevacuees,includingschoolchildrenforapplicablescenarios.ExceptforRegionR03,whichistheevacuationoftheentireEPZ,onlyaportionofthepeoplewithintheEPZwouldbeadvisedtoevacuate.Thatis,theAdvisorytoEvacuateappliesonlytothosepeopleoccupyingthespecifiedimpactedregion.Itisassumedthat100percentofthepeoplewithintheimpactedregionwillevacuateinresponsetothisAdvisory.ThepeopleoccupyingtheremainderoftheEPZoutsidetheimpactedregionmaybeadvisedtotakeshelter.ThecomputationofETEassumesth at20%ofthepopulationwithintheEPZbutoutsidetheimpactedregionwillelectto"voluntarily"evacuate.Inaddition,20%ofthepopulationintheShadowRegionwillalsoelecttoevacuate.Thesevoluntaryevacueescouldimpedethosewhoareevacuatingfromwithintheimpactedregion.Theimpedanceth atcouldbecausedbyvoluntaryevacueesisconsideredinthecomputationofETEfortheimpactedregion.Stagedevacuationisconsideredwhereinthosepeoplewithinthe2 mileradiusevacuateimmediately,whilethosebeyond2miles,butwithintheEPZ,shelter in place.Once90%ofthe2 mileradiu sisevacuated,thosepeoplebetween2and5milesbegintoevacuate.Asperfederalguidance,20%ofpeoplebeyond2mileswillevacuateeventhoughtheyareadvisedtoshelter in place.Thecomputationalprocedureisoutlinedasfollows: Alink noderepresentationofthehighwaynetworkiscoded.Ea chlinkrepresentsaunidirectionallengthofhighway;eachnodeusuallyrepresentsanintersectionormergepoint.Thecapacityofeachlinkisestimatedbasedonthefieldsurveyobservationsandonestablishedtrafficengineeringprocedures. Theevacuationtripsaregeneratedatlocationscalled"zonalcentroids"locatedwithintheEPZandShadowRegion.Thetripgenerationratesvaryovertimereflectingthemobilizationprocess,andfromonelocation(centroid)toanotherdependingonpopulationdensityandonwhetheracentroidiswithin,oroutside,theimpactedarea. Theevacuationmodelcomputestheroutingpatternsforevacuatingvehiclesthatarecompliantwi thfederalguidelines(outboundrelativetothelocationoftheplant),thensimulatethetrafficflowmovementsoverspaceandtime.Thissimulationprocessestimatestheratethattrafficflowexitstheimpactedregion.TheETEstatisticsprovidetheelapsedtimesfor90percentand100percent,respectively,ofth epopulationwithintheimpactedregion,toevacuatefromwithintheimpactedregion.Thesestatisticsarepresentedintabularandgraphicalformats.The90 thpercentileETEhasbeenidentifiedasthevaluethatshouldbeconsideredwhenmakingprotectiveactiondecisionsbecausethe100 thpercentileETEareprolongedbythoserelativelyfewpeoplewhotakelongertomobilize.Thisisreferredtoasthe"evacuationtail"inSection4.0ofNUREG/CR 7002.Theuseofapublicoutreach(information)programtoemphasizetheneedforevacueestominimizethetimeneededtopreparetoevacuate(securethehome,as sembleneededclothes,medicines,etc.)shouldalsobeconsidered.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TrafficManagementThisstudyreferencesthecomprehensivetrafficmanagementplanprovidedbyFairfieldLexington,Newberry,andRichlandCountiesEmergencyOperationsPlans,andtheSouthCarolinaOperationalRadiologicalEmergencyResponsePlan.SelectedResultsAcompilationofselectedinformationispresentedonthefollowingpagesintheformofFiguresandTablesextractedfromthebodyofthereport;thesearedescribedbelow. Figure6 1displaysamapoftheVCSNSEPZshowingthelayoutofthe13PAZsthatcomprise,inaggregate,theEPZ. Table3 1presentstheestimatesofpermanentresidentpo pulationineachPAZbasedonthe2010Censusdata. Table6 1defineseachofthe30EvacuationRegionsintermsoftheirrespectivegroupsofPAZ. Table6 2liststheEvacuationScenarios. Tables7 1and7 2arecompilationsofETE.The sedataarethetimesneededtocleartheindicatedregionsof90and100percentofthepopulationoccupyingtheseregions,respectively.ThesecomputedETEincludeconsiderationofmobilizationtimeandofestimatedvoluntaryevacuationsfromotherregionswithintheEPZandfromtheShadowRegion.Thesetablesinclud eresultsforstagedevacuation. Tables7 3andTable7 4presentsclearancetimesforthe2 mileregionforun stagedandstagedevacuationsforthe90 thand100 thpercentiles,respectively. Table8 7presentsETEfortheschoolchildreningoodweather. Table8 11presentsETEforthetransit dependentpopulationingoodweather. FigureH 7presentsanexampleofanEvacuationRegion(RegionR07)tobeevacuatedunderthecircumstancesdefinedinTable6 1.Mapsofal lregionsareprovidedinAppendixH.Conclusions GeneralpopulationETEwerecomputedfor420uniquecases-acombinationof30uniqueEvacuationRegionsand14uniqueEvacuationScenarios.Tables7 1and7 2documenttheseETEforthe90 thand100 thpercentilesforbotharegularandstagedevacuationrespectively.TheseETErangefrom1:35(hr:min)to2:25atthe90 thpercentile. InspectionofTable7 1and7 2indicatesthattheETEforthe100 thpercentilearesignificantlylongerthanthoseforthe90 thpercentile.Thisistheresultofthelongtailoftheevacuationcurvecausedbythoseevacueeswhotakelongertomobilize.SeeFigures7 5through7 18. InspectionofTables7 3and7 4indicatesthatastagedevacuationprovidesnobenefitstoevacueesfromwithinthe2mileregionandunnecessarilydelaystheevacuationof EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 5KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5thosebeyond2miles(compareRegionsR02,R04throughR11withRegionsR22throughR30,respectively,inTables7 1and7 2).SeeSection7.6foradditionaldiscussion ComparisonofScenarios6and13inTables7 1and7 2indicatesthatthespecialevent-constructionoftheproposedUnit s2and3atVCSNSin2014combinedwithanoutageatUnit1-doesnotmateriallyimpacttheevacuationtimefortheVCSNSEPZ. SeparateETEwerecomputedforschools,medicalfacilities,transit dependentpersons,andhomeboundspecialneedspersons.Theaveragesingle waveETEforschoolsarewithinasimilarrangeasthegeneralpopulationETEatthe90 thpercentile,whiletheaverageETEfortransit dependentpersonsexceedthegeneralpopulationETEatthe90 thpercentile.SeeSection8. ThegeneralpopulationETEatthe100 thpercentilecloselyparallelthetripgenerationtime-furtherevidenceofthelongevacuationtail.SeeTableM 1. ThegeneralpopulationETEisrelativelyinsensitive(triplingtheshadowevacuationpercentageonlyincreases90 thpercentileETEby15minutes)tothevoluntaryevacuationofvehiclesintheShadowRegion.SeeTableM 2.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 6KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure6 1.VCSNSEPZProtectiveActionZones EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 7KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table3 1.EPZPermanentResidentPopulationPAZ2000CensusPopulation2010CensusPopulationA 0238220A 1372395A 2631618B 1310341B 2414382C 1420411C 21,4511,515D 11,7652,214D 22,5623,908E 1546536E 21,8271,997F 1228202F 21,3271,436TOTAL12,09114,175EPZPopulationGrowth: 17%

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 8KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table6 1.DescriptionofEvacuationRegionsRegionDescriptionProtectiveActionZoneA 0A 1A 2B 1B 2C 1C 2D 1D 2E 1E 2F 1F 2R012 MileRingXR025 MileRingXXXXXXR03FullEPZXXXXXXXXXXXXXEvacuate2MileRadiusandDownwindto5MilesRegionWindDirectionFrom:ProtectiveActionZoneA 0A 1A 2B 1B 2C 1C 2D 1D 2E 1E 2F 1F 2R04S,SSWXXXR05SW,WSWXXXXR06WXXXR07WNW,NWXXR08NNW,NXXXR09NNE,NEXXR10ENE,EXXXR11ESE,SE,SSEXXXEvacuate5MileRadiusandDownwindtotheEPZBoundaryRegionWindDirectionFrom:ProtectiveActionZoneA 0A 1A 2B 1B 2C 1C 2D 1D 2E 1E 2F 1F 2R12SXXXXXXXR13SSW,SWXXXXXXXXR14WSW,WXXXXXXXXR15WNW,NWXXXXXXXXR16NNWXXXXXXXXXR17N,NNEXXXXXXXXXR18NEXXXXXXXXXR19ENE,EXXXXXXXXR20ESEXXXXXXXR21SE,SSEXXXXXXXX EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 9KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table6 1.(Continuedfromabove)StagedEvacuation2 MileRadiusEvacuates,thenEvacuateDownwindto5MilesRegionWindDirectionFrom:ProtectiveActionZoneA 0A 1A 2B 1B 2C 1C 2D 1D 2E 1E 2F 1F 2R225 MileRingXXXXXXR23S,SSWXXXR24SW,WSWXXXXR25WXXXR26WNW,NWXXR27NNW,NXXXR28NNE,NEXXR29ENE,EXXXR30ESE,SE,SSEXXXShelter in Placeuntil90%ETEforR01,thenEvacuatePAZ(s)Shelter in PlacePAZ(s)Evacuate EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 10KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table6 2.EvacuationScenarioDefinitionsScenarioSeason 1DayofWeekTimeofDayWeatherSpecial1SummerMidweek MiddayGood None2SummerMidweek Midday Rain None3SummerWeekend MiddayGood None4SummerWeekend Midday Rain None5SummerMidweek,WeekendEveningGoodNone6WinterMidweek MiddayGood None7WinterMidweek Midday Rain None8WinterMidweek Midday Ice None9WinterWeekend MiddayGood None10WinterWeekend Midday Rain None11WinterWeekend Midday Ice None12WinterMidweek,WeekendEveningGoodNone13WinterMidweekMiddayGoodConstructionofVCSNSUnits2and314SummerMidweekMiddayGoodRoadwayImpact-LaneClosureonI 26Eastbound1 Winterassumesthatschoolisinsession(alsoappliestoSpringandAutumn).Summerassumesthatschoolisnotinsession.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 11KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table7 1.TimetoCleartheIndicatedAreaof90PercentoftheAffectedPopulationSummerSummerSummer Winter WinterWinterWinterSummer MidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekMidweekScenario:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)RegionMiddayMiddayEvening Midday MiddayEveningMiddayMidday GoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherSpecialEventRoadwayImpactEntire2 MileRegion,5MileRegion,andEPZR011:351:351:301:301:351:351:351:351:301:301:301:351:401:35 R022:152:151:401:401:452:152:152:151:401:401:401:451:552:15 R032:252:252:052:102:052:252:252:252:052:102:102:052:102:25 2 MileRingandKeyholeto5MilesR042:002:001:351:351:452:002:002:001:351:351:351:451:452:00 R052:102:101:401:401:452:102:102:101:401:401:401:451:502:10 R062:002:051:351:401:452:002:002:051:351:401:401:451:502:00 R071:551:551:351:351:451:551:551:551:351:351:351:451:451:55 R082:052:051:351:401:452:052:052:051:351:401:401:451:502:05 R091:551:551:301:351:401:551:551:551:301:351:351:401:501:55 R102:002:001:351:351:452:002:002:001:351:351:351:451:502:00 R112:002:001:351:351:451:551:552:001:351:351:351:451:452:00 5 MileRingandKeyholetoEPZBoundaryR122:202:201:451:451:502:202:202:201:451:451:451:501:552:20R132:202:201:451:451:502:202:202:201:451:451:451:501:552:20 R142:252:251:501:501:552:252:252:251:501:501:501:552:002:25 R152:252:251:501:501:552:252:252:251:501:501:501:552:052:25 R162:102:152:052:052:052:102:152:152:052:052:102:052:102:15 R172:152:152:052:102:052:152:152:202:052:102:102:052:102:15 R182:152:152:052:102:102:152:152:202:052:102:102:102:102:15 R192:102:102:052:052:052:102:102:152:052:052:102:052:052:10 R202:202:201:451:451:502:202:202:251:451:451:501:501:552:20 R212:252:251:501:501:552:252:252:251:501:501:501:552:002:25 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 12KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table7 1.(Continuedfromabove)SummerSummerSummerWinterWinterWinterWinterSummerMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekMidweekScenario:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)RegionMiddayMiddayEveningMiddayMiddayEveningMiddayMiddayGoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherSpecialEventRoadwayImpactStagedEvacuation2 MileRingandKeyholeto5MilesR222:152:152:002:002:002:152:152:152:002:002:002:001:552:15R232:052:051:551:552:002:052:052:051:551:551:552:001:452:05R242:102:102:002:002:002:102:102:102:002:002:002:001:502:10R252:052:051:551:552:002:052:052:051:551:551:552:001:502:05R262:002:001:501:502:002:002:002:001:501:501:552:001:502:00R272:052:051:551:552:002:052:052:051:551:552:002:001:552:05R282:002:001:551:552:002:002:002:001:551:551:552:001:502:00R292:052:051:551:552:002:052:052:051:551:551:552:001:502:05R302:002:001:551:552:002:002:002:051:551:551:552:001:452:00 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 13KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table7 2.TimetoCleartheIndicatedAreaof100PercentoftheAffectedPopulationSummerSummerSummer Winter WinterWinterWinterSummer MidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekMidweekScenario:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)RegionMiddayMiddayEvening Midday MiddayEveningMiddayMidday GoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherSpecialEventRoadwayImpactEntire2 MileRegion,5MileRegion,andEPZR014:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R024:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 R034:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 2 MileRingandKeyholeto5MilesR044:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 R054:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 R064:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 R074:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 R084:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 R094:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 R104:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 R114:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 5 MileRingandKeyholetoEPZBoundaryR124:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 R134:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 R144:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 R154:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 R164:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 R174:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 R184:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 R194:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 R204:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 R214:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 14KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table7 2.(Continuedfromabove)SummerSummerSummer Winter WinterWinterWinterSummer MidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekMidweekScenario:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)RegionMiddayMiddayEveningMiddayMiddayEveningMiddayMiddayGoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherSpecialEventRoadwayImpactStagedEvacuation 2 MileRingandKeyholeto5Miles R224:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50R234:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50R244:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50R254:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50R264:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50R274:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50R284:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50R294:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50R304:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 15KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table7 3.StagedEvacuationResults90PercentETEofthe2MileAreawithintheIndicatedRegionSummerSummerSummer Winter WinterWinterWinterSummer MidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekMidweekScenario:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)RegionMiddayMiddayEvening Midday MiddayEveningMiddayMidday GoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherSpecialEventRoadwayImpactUnstagedEvacuation 2 MileRingandKeyholeto5 Miles R011:351:351:301:301:351:351:351:351:301:301:301:351:401:35 R021:401:401:301:301:401:401:401:401:301:301:301:401:401:40 R041:351:351:301:301:351:351:351:351:301:301:301:351:401:35 R051:401:401:301:301:401:401:401:401:301:301:301:401:401:40 R061:401:401:301:301:401:401:401:401:301:301:301:401:401:40 R071:401:401:301:301:401:401:401:401:301:301:301:401:401:40 R081:401:401:301:301:401:401:401:401:301:301:301:401:401:40 R091:351:351:301:301:351:351:351:351:301:301:301:351:401:35 R101:351:351:301:301:351:351:351:351:301:301:301:351:401:35 R111:351:351:301:301:351:351:351:351:301:301:301:351:401:35 StagedEvacuation 2 MileRingandKeyholeto5Miles R221:451:451:401:401:551:451:451:451:401:401:401:551:401:45 R231:351:351:301:301:451:351:351:351:301:301:301:451:401:35 R241:451:451:401:401:551:451:451:451:401:401:401:551:401:45 R251:451:451:401:401:551:451:451:451:401:401:401:551:401:45 R261:451:451:401:401:551:451:451:451:401:401:401:551:401:45 R271:451:451:401:401:551:451:451:451:401:401:401:551:401:45 R281:351:351:301:301:401:351:351:351:301:301:301:401:401:35 R291:351:351:301:301:401:351:351:351:301:301:301:401:401:35 R301:351:351:301:301:451:351:351:351:301:301:301:451:401:35 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 16KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table7 4.StagedEvacuationResults-100PercentETEofthe2MileAreawithintheIndicatedRegionSummerSummerSummer Winter WinterWinterWinterSummer MidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekMidweekScenario:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)RegionMiddayMiddayEvening Midday MiddayEveningMiddayMidday GoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherSpecialEventRoadwayImpactUnstagedEvacuation 2 MileRingandKeyholeto5 Miles R014:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R024:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R044:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R054:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R064:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R074:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R084:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R094:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R104:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R114:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 StagedEvacuation 2 MileRingandKeyholeto5Miles R224:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R234:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R244:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R254:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R264:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R274:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R284:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R294:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R304:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 17KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table8 7.SchoolEvacuationTimeEstimatesGoodWeatherSchoolDriverMobilizationTimeLoadingTime(min)Dist.ToEPZBdry(mi.)Average Speed(mph)TravelTimetoEPZBdry(min.)ETE(hr:min)Dist.EPZBdrytoR.C.(mi.)TravelTimeEPZBdrytoR.C.(min)ETEtoR.C.(hr:min)FairfieldCounty,SCSchoolsMcCroreyListonElementarySchool9058.245.0111:5013.57192:05KellyMillerElementarySchool9051.441.031:4013.62192:00LexingtonCounty,SCSchoolsAbnerMontessoriSchool5054.445.061:059.75131:15AlternativeAcademy50 5 5.1 45.0 71:05 9.75 131:15 ChapinElementarySchool50 5 3.4 42.9 51:00 10.40 141:15 ChapinHighSchool50 5 4.4 45.0 61:05 9.75 131:15 ChapinMiddleSchool50 5 2.6 42.9 41:00 10.40 141:15 CrookedCreekParkAfterSchoolProgram*1552.843.640:2510.40140:40NewberryCounty,SCSchoolsLittleMountainElementarySchool9058.145.0111:505.8081:55Mid CarolinaHighSchool90 5 5.4 45.0 81:45 5.80 81:55 Mid CarolinaMiddleSchool90 5 5.4 45.0 81:45 5.80 81:55 Pomaria GarmanyElementarySchool9054.645.071:454.9771:50MaximumforEPZ: 1:50 Maximum: 2:05 AverageforEPZ: 1:26 Average: 1:37*Busesremainatthefacilitywhilestudentsareattheafterschoolprogram;therefore,ashortermobilizationtimeisappropriate.ETEisnotincludedinAverageforEPZasthisfacilityisonlyinusewhenallotherschoolsarenotinsession.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 18KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table811.Transit DependentEvacuationTimeEstimatesGoodWeatherRouteNumberBusNumberOne WaveTwoWaveMobili zationRouteLength(miles)Speed(mph)RouteTravelTime(min)PickupTimeETEDistancetoRecCtr(miles)TravelTimetoRec.CtrUnload DriverRestRouteTravelTime(min)PickupTimeETE11112036.24548303:2011.31551063305:25 214036.24548303:4011.31551063305:45 12112015.54521302:5513.61851039304:35 214015.54521303:1513.61851039304:55 1311203.7455302:3510.81451019303:55 21403.7455302:5510.81451019304:15 1416011.24515301:455.0751022303:00 28011.24515302:055.0751022303:20 1516015.54521301:5510.91551035303:30 MaximumETE: 3:40MaximumETE: 5:45 AverageETE: 2:42AverageETE: 4:17

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationES 19KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH 7.RegionR07 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation1 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.51 INTRODUCTIONThisreportdescribestheanalysesundertakenandtheresultsobtainedbyastudytodevelopEvacuationTimeEstimates(ETE)fortheVirgilC.SummerNuclearStation(VCSNS),locatedinFairfieldCounty,SouthCarolinafortheexpandedemergencyplanningzone.PopulationestimateshavebeenadjustedtoincludetheexpandedareaofProtectiveActionZoneD 2.ETEprovidestateandlocalgovernmentswithsite specificinformationneededforProtectiveActionDecisions(PAD).Intheperformanceofthiseffort,guidanceisprovidedbydocumentspublishedbyFederalGovernmentagencies.Mostimportantoftheseare:* CriteriaforDevelopmentofEvacuationTimeEstimateStudies,NUREG/CR 7002,November2011.* CriteriaforPreparationandEvaluationofRadiologicalEmergencyResponsePlansandPreparednessinSupportofNuclearPowerPlants,NUREG0654/FEMAREP1,Rev.1,November1980.* AnalysisofTechniquesforEstimatingEvacuationTimesforEmergencyPlanningZones,NUREG/CR1745,November1980.* DevelopmentofEvacuationTimeEstimatesforNuclearPowerPlants,NUREG/CR 6863,January2005.Theworkeffortreportedhereinwassupportedandguidedbylocalstakeholderswhocontributedsuggestions,critiques,andthelocalknowledgebaserequired.Table1 1presentsasummaryofstakeholdersandinteractions.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation1 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table1 1.StakeholderInteractionStakeholderNatureofStakeholderInteractionSouthCarolinaElectricandGasemergencymanagementpersonnelMeetingstodefinedatarequirementsandsetupcontactswithlocalgovernmentagenciesFairfieldCountyEmergencyManagementOfficeLexingtonCountyEmergencyManagementOfficeNewberryCountyEmergencyManagementOfficeRichlandCountyEmergencyManagementOfficeMeetingstodefinedatarequirementsandsetupcontactswithlocalgovernmentagencies.Obtainlocalemergencyplans,specialfacilitydata,majoremploymentdataLocalSheriff'sDepartments,SCStateDepartmentofPublicSafety(SCHighwayPatrol)ReviewthetrafficmanagementplansFairfieldSchoolDistrictLexington RichlandSchoolDistrictNewberrySchoolDistrictReviewschoolevacuationprocedures,enrollmentandstaffingdata,transportationneedsSouthCarolinaEmergencyManagementDivisionSouthCarolinaOperationalRadiologicalEmergencyResponsePlan(SCORERP)integrationNewberryandLexingtonCountyDayCareCentersLexingtonCountyHealthFacilityEnrollment(patient)andstaffingdata,transportationneeds1.1 OverviewoftheETEProcessThefollowingoutlinepresentsabriefdescriptionoftheworkeffortinchronologicalsequence:1. InformationGathering:a. DefinedthescopeofworkindiscussionswithrepresentativesfromSouthCarolinaElectric&Gas(SCE&G).b. AttendedmeetingswithemergencyplannersfromfourEPZcounties,SouthCarolinaStategovernmentandstateandlocalpoliceagen ciestoidentifyissuestobeaddressedandresourcesavailable.c. ConductedadetailedfieldsurveyofthehighwaysystemandofareatrafficconditionswithintheEmergencyPlanningZone(EPZ)andShadowRegion.d. ReviewedexistingcountyandstateEmergencyOperationsPlans.e. Obtaineddemographicdatafromcensus,state,andlocalagencies.f. Review edanexistingrandomsampletelephonesurveyofEPZresidents.g. Conductedadatacollectionefforttoidentifyanddescribeschools,specialfacilities,majoremployers,transportationproviders,andotherimportantinformation.2. EstimateddistributionsofTripGenerationtimesrepresentingthetimerequiredbyvariouspopulationgroups(permanentresidents,employees,andtransients)toprepare EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation1 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5(mobilize)fortheevacuationtrip.Theseestimatesareprimarilybasedupontherandomsampletelephonesurvey.3. DefinedEvacuationScenarios.Thesescenariosreflectthevariationindemand,intripgenerationdistributionandinhighwaycapacities,associatedwithdifferentseasons,dayofweek,timeofday,andweatherconditions.Inaddition,a"specialevent"scenario,whichrepresentsatypicalmid week,middaywithpeakconstructionworkerson siteatUnits2and3atthetimeofanemergencyduringanoutageatUnit1,wasconsidered.4. Reviewedtheexistingtrafficmanagementplantobeimplementedbylocalandstatepoliceintheeventofanincidentattheplant.Trafficcontrolisappliedatspecif iedTrafficControlPoints(TCP)locatedwithintheEPZ.5. UsedexistingProtectiveActionZones(PAZ)todefineEvacuationRegions.TheEPZispartitionedinto13PAZsalongjurisdictionalandgeographicboundaries."Regions"aregroupsofcontiguousPAZsforwhichETEar ecalculated.TheconfigurationsoftheseRegionsreflectwinddirectionandtheradialextentoftheimpactedarea.EachRegion,otherthanthosethatapproximatecircularareas,approximatesa"key holesection"withintheEPZasrecommendedbyNUREG/CR 7002.6. Estimateddemandfortransitservicesforpersonsat"Speci alFacilities"andfortransit dependentpersonsathome.7. PreparedtheinputstreamsfortheDYNEVIIsystem.a. Estimatedtheevacuationtrafficdemand,basedontheavailableinformationderivedfrom2010Censusdata,andfromdataprovidedbylocalandstateagencies,SCE&Gandfromthetelephonesurvey.b. Appliedtheproceduresspecifiedinthe2010HighwayCapacityManual(HCM 1)tothedataacquiredduringthefieldsurvey,toestimatethecapacityofallhighwaysegmentscomprisingtheevacuationroutes.c. Developedthelink noderepresentationoftheevacuationnetwork,whichisusedasthebasisforthecomputeranalysisthatcalculatestheETE.d. CalculatedtheevacuatingtrafficdemandforeachRegionandforeachScenario.e. Specifiedselectedcand idatedestinationsforeach"origin"(locationofeach"source"whereevacuationtripsaregeneratedoverthemobilizationtime)tosupportevacuationtravelconsistentwithoutboundmovementrelativetothelocationoftheplant.8. ExecutedtheDYNEVIIsystemtoprovidetheestimatesofevacuationroutingandETEforallresidents,transien ts,andemployees("generalpopulation")withaccesstoprivatevehicles.GeneratedacompletesetofETEforallspecifiedRegionsandScenarios.1HighwayCapacityManual(HCM2010),TransportationResearchBoard,NationalResearchCouncil,2010.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation1 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.59. DocumentedETEinformatsinaccordancewithNUREG/CR 7002.10. CalculatedtheETEforalltransitactivitiesincludingthoseforspecialfacilities(schools,medicalfacilities,etc.),forthetransit dependentpopulationandforhomeboundspecialneedspopulation.1.2 TheVirgilC.SummerNuclearStation(VCSNS)LocationTheVirgilC.SummerNuclearStationislocatedinFairfieldCounty,SouthCarolina,about17mileswest south westofWinnsboro,18mileseastofNewberry,and25milesnorthwestofColumbia,thestateCapitol.TheEmergencyPlanningZone(EPZ)consistsofpartsoffourcounties:FairfieldCounty,LexingtonCounty,NewberryCounty,andRichlandCounty.TheareasurroundingVCSNSisshowninFigure1 1.Thismapidentifiesthecommunitiesintheareaandthemajorroads.TheEPZ,whichapproximatesanareaof10 mileradiussurroundingthesite,ispredominantlyruralinnature,withapermanentpopulationofabout14,000people.Itischaracterizedbygentlyrollingterrainandhasgoodprimaryandsecondarypavedroads.TherearenomajorconcentrationsofpopulationwithintheEPZ.TheonlysignificantrecreationalareawithintheEPZisLakeMonticello;VCSNSislocatedonitssouthernshoreline.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation1 5KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure1 1.VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationSiteLocation EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation1 6KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.51.3 PreliminaryActivitiesTheseactivitiesaredescribedbelow.FieldSurveysoftheHighwayNetworkKLDpersonneldrovetheentirehighwaysystemwithintheEPZandtheShadowRegionwhichconsistsoftheareabetweentheEPZboundaryandapproximately15milesradiallyfromtheplant.Thecharacteristicsofeachsectionofhighwaywererecorded.ThesecharacteristicsareshowninTable1 2:Table1 2.HighwayCharacteristics Numberoflanes Postedspeed Pavementwidth Actualfreespeed Shouldertype&width Abuttinglanduse Intersectionconfiguration Controldevices Lanechannelization Interchangegeometries Geometrics:curves,grades Trafficsignaltype Unusualcharacteristics:Narrowbridges,sharpcurves,poorpavement,floodwarningsigns,inadequatedelineations,etc.Videoandaudiorecordingequipmentwereusedtocaptureapermanentrecordofthehighwayinfrastructure.Noattemptwasmadetometiculouslymeasuresuchattributesaslanewidthandshoulderwidth;estimatesofthesemeasuresbasedonvisualobservationandrecordedimageswereconsideredappropriateforthepurposeofestimatingthecapacityofhighwaysections.Forexample,Exhibit15 7intheHCMindicatesthatareductioninlanewidthfrom12feet(the"base"value)to10feetcanreducefreeflowspeed(FFS)by1.1mph-notamaterialdifference-fortwo lanehighways.Exhibit15 30intheHCMshowslittlesensitivityfortheestimatesofServiceVolumesatLevelofService(LOS)E(nearcapacity),withrespecttoFFS,fortwo lanehighways.Thedatafromtheaudioandvideorecordingswereusedtocreatedetailedgeographicalinformationsystems(GIS)shapefilesanddatabasesoftheroadwaycharacteristicsandofthetrafficcontroldevicesobservedduringtheroadsurvey;thisinformationwasreferencedwhilepreparingtheinputstreamfortheDYNEVIISystem.Asdocumentedonpage15 5oftheHCM2010,thecapacityofatwo lanehighwayis1700passengercarsperhourinonedirection.Forfreewaysections,avalueof2250vehiclesperhourperlaneisassigned,asperExhibit11 17oftheHCM2010.Theroadsurveyhasidentifiedseveralsegmentswhicharecharacterizedbyadversegeometricsontwo lanehighwayswhicharereflectedinreducedvaluesforbothcapacityandspeed.Theseestimatesar econsistentwiththeservicevolumesforLOSEpresentedinHCMExhibit15 30.TheselinksmaybeidentifiedbyreviewingAppendixK.LinkcapacityisaninputtoDYNEVIIwhichcomputesthe EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation1 7KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5ETE.FurtherdiscussionofroadwaycapacityisprovidedinSection4ofthisreport.Trafficsignalsareeitherpre timed(signaltimingsarefixedovertimeanddonotchangewiththetrafficvolumeoncompetingapproaches),orareactuated(signaltimingsvaryovertimebasedonthechangingtrafficvolumesoncompetingap proaches).Actuatedsignalsrequiredetectorstoprovidethetrafficdatausedbythesignalcontrollertoadjustthesignaltimings.Thesedetectorsaretypicallymagneticloopsintheroadway,orvideocamerasmountedonthesignalmastsandpointedtowardtheintersectionapproaches.Ifdetectorswereobservedontheapproachestoasignalizedintersectionduringtheroadsurvey,detailedsignaltimingswerenotcollect edasthetimingsvarywithtrafficvolume.TCPsatlocationswhichhavecontroldevicesarerepresentedasactuatedsignalsintheDYNEVIIsystem.Ifnodetectorswereobserved,thesignalcontrolattheintersectionwasconsideredpre timed,anddetailedsignaltimingswerega theredforseveralsignalcycles.ThesesignaltimingswereinputtotheDYNEVIIsystemusedtocomputeETE,asperNUREG/CR 7002guidance.Figure1 2presentsthelink nodeanalysisnetworkthatwasconstructedtomodeltheevacuationroadwaynetworkintheEPZandShadowRegion.Thedirectio nalarrowsonthelinksandthenodenumbershavebeenremovedfromFigure1 2toclarifythefigure.ThedetailedfiguresprovidedinAppendixKdepicttheanalysisnetworkwithdirectionalarrowsshownandnodenumbersprovided.Theobservationsmadeduringthefieldsurveywereusedtocalibratetheanalysisnetwork.TelephoneSurveyAtelephonesurveywasundertakentogatherinformationneededfortheevacuationstudyinDecember2006.SincethepopulationanddemographicsintheEPZhavenotchangedsignificantlyoverthelast5years,thesurveyanditsresultsarestillvalid.AppendixFpresentsthesurveyinstrument,theproceduresusedandtabulationsofdatacompiledfromthesurveyreturns.Thesedatawereutiliz edtodevelopestimatesofvehicleoccupancytoestimatethenumberofevacuatingvehiclesduringanevacuationandtoestimateelementsofthemobilizationprocess.Thisdatabasewasalsoreferencedtoestimatethenumberoftransit dependentresidents.DevelopingtheEvacuationTimeEstimatesTheoverallstudyprocedureisoutlinedinAppendixD.Demographicdatawereobtainedfromseveralsources,asdetailedlaterinthisreport.Thesedatawereanalyzedandconvertedintovehicledemanddata.Thevehicledemandwasloadedontoappropriate"source"linksoftheanalysisnetworkusingGISmappingsoftware.TheDYNEVIIsystemwasthenusedtocomput eETEforallRegionsandScenarios.AnalyticalToolsTheDYNEVIISystemthatwasemployedforthisstudyiscomprisedofseveralintegratedcomputermodels.OneoftheseistheDYNEV(DYnamicNetworkEVacuation)macroscopicsimulationmodel,anewversionoftheI DYNEVmodelthatwasdevelopedbyKLDundercontractwiththeFederalEmergencyManagementAgency(FEMA).

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation1 8KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5DYNEVIIconsistsoffoursub models: Amacroscopictrafficsimulationmodel(fordetails,seeAppendixC). ATripDistribution(TD)modelthatassignsasetofcandidatedestination(D)nodesforeach"origin"(O)locatedwithintheanalysisnetwork.ThisestablishesasetofO Dtables. ADynamicTrafficAssignment(DTA)modelwhichassignstripstopathsoftravel(routes)whichsatisfytheO Dtables,overtime.TheTDandDTAmode lsareintegratedtoformtheDTRAD(DynamicTrafficAssignmentandDistribution)model,asdescribedinAppendixB. AMyopicTrafficDiversionmodelwhichdivertstraffictoavoidintense,localcongestion,ifpossible.AnothersoftwareproductdevelopedbyKLD,namedUNITES(UNIfiedTransportationEngineeringSystem)wasusedtoexpeditedataentryandtoautomatetheproductionofoutputtables.Thedynamicsoftrafficflowoverthenetworkaregraphicallyanimatedusingthesoftwareproduct,EVAN(EVacuationANimator),developedbyKLD.EVANisGISbasedanddisplaysstatistics,suchasLevelofService(LOS),vehiclesdischarged,averagespeed,andpercentofvehiclesevacuated,outputbytheDYNEVIISystem.TheuseofaGISframeworkenablestheusertozoominonareasofcongestionandqueryroadname,townname,andothergeographicalinformation.TheprocedureforapplyingtheDYNEVIISystemwithintheframeworkofdevelopingETEisoutlinedinAppendixD.AppendixAisaglossaryofterms.Forthereaderinterestedinanevaluationoftheoriginalmodel,I DYNEV,thefollowingreferencesaresuggested: NUREG/CR 4873-BenchmarkStudyoftheI DYNEVEvacuationTimeEstimateComputerCode NUREG/CR 4874-TheSensitivityofEvacuati onTimeEstimatestoChangesinInputParametersfortheI DYNEVComputerCodeTheevacuationanalysisproceduresarebasedupontheneedto: RoutetrafficalongpathsoftravelthatwillexpeditetheirtravelfromtheirrespectivepointsoforigintopointsoutsidetheEPZ. Restrictmovementtowardtheplanttotheextentpracticable,anddispersetrafficdemandsoastoavoidfocusingdemandonalimitednumberofhighways. Movetrafficindirectionsthataregenerallyoutbound,relativetothelocationoftheVCSNSsite.DYNEVIIpr ovidesadetaileddescriptionoftrafficoperationsontheevacuationnetwork.Thisdescriptionenablestheanalysttoidentifybottlenecksandtodevelopcountermeasuresthat EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation1 9KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5aredesignedtorepresentthebehavioralresponsesofevacuees.Theeffectsofthesecountermeasuresmaythenbetestedwiththemodel.1.4 ComparisonwithPriorETEStudyTable1 3presentsacomparisonofthepresentETEstudywiththe2009ETEstudy(Rev.4)performedfortheVCSNSUnits2&3COLA.ThemajorfactorscontributingtothedifferencesbetweentheETEvaluesobtainedinthisstudyandthoseofthepreviousstudycanbesummarizedasfollows: Aslightincreaseinpermanentresidentpopulation. Theuseof20percentshadowevacuationasrequiredbyNUREG/CR 7002 Stagedevac uationisconsidered Thehighwayrepresentationisupdatedtoreflectcurrentconditions. TheEPZboundaryconsideredistheboundarycurrentlyinplaceaspartofthecountyandstateRERPplans Tripgenerationdistributionswererecomputedusinganewmethodology.Thenewmethodologyresultedina45minutelongertripgenerationforresidentswi thcommuters.Transientandemployeetripgenerationdistributionsweredecreasedby30minutes,andresidentswithoutcommuterstripgenerationdistributionsweredecreasedbyanhourfromthepriorETEstudy. Thenewsystem,DYNEVII,includesaDynamicTrafficAssignment(DTRAD)modelwhichrepres entstheabilityofevacueestochangeroutesovertimeinresponsetocongestedconditions. The100 thpercentileETEis45minuteslongerthanforthepriorETEstudy:4:55vs.4:10.Thenewvaluereflectsthenewcomputedestimatesofmobilization(trip generation)distributionsforresidentswithcommuters,whichexhibitaverylong"tail".The100 th percentileETEaredeterminedsolelybythemobilizationtimedistributions.ThereforeanincreaseintripmobilizationforanygroupwillresultinalongerETE. The90 thpercentileETEis25minutesshorterthanforthepriorETEstudy:2:15vs.2:40.Thenewvaluereflectstheshorterestimates(basedonnewcomputation)ofmobilization(tripgeneration)distributions,specificallyfortransients,employees,andresidentswithoutcommuters.Additionally,thisstudyusesasmallerpercentageofvoluntaryshadowevacuation(20%)versusthe2009study(rangesfro m30%to50%)resultinginlessevacuatingvehiclesandshorterETE.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation1 10KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure1 2.VCSNSLinkNodeAnalysisNetwork EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation1 11KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table1 3.ETEStudyComparisonsTopicPreviousETEStudyCurrentETEStudyResidentPopulationBasisArcGISSoftwareusing2000USCensusblocks;arearatiomethodused;populationextrapolatedto2010.Population=12,850ArcGISSoftwareusing2010USCensusblocks;arearatiomethodused;Population=14,175ResidentPopulationVehicleOccupancy2.68persons/household,1.49evacuatingvehicles/householdyielding:1.80persons/vehicle2.68persons/household,1.49evacuatingvehicles/householdyielding:1.80persons/vehicleEmployeePopulationEmployeestreatedasseparatepopulationgroup.EmployeeestimatesbasedoninformationprovidedbycountyemergencymanagementofficesaboutmajoremployersinEPZ.Anestimateof1.01employees/vehicleisbasedonphonesurveyresults.Employeestreatedasseparatepopulationgroup.EmployeeestimatesbasedoninformationprovidedbycountyemergencymanagementofficesaboutmajoremployersinEPZ.1.01employees/vehicleisestimatedbasedonpho nesurveyresults.ShadowevacuationfromwithintheEPZinareasoutsideregiontobeevacuatedandintheshadowregionoutsideoftheEPZboundary50percentofpopulationwithinthecircularportionoftheregion;35percent,inannularringbetweenthecircleandtheEPZboundary.20percentofpopulationwithinallareasofth eEPZnotadvisedtoevacuate;20percentofpopulationintheShadowRegionintheannularringbetweentheEPZboundaryandthe15milecircle(seeFigure2 1)NetworkSize1,181Links;840Nodes.1,295Links;944Nodes.RoadwayGeometricDataFieldsurveysconductedin2006.Majorintersectionswerevideoarchived.GISshape filesofsignallocationsandroadwaycharacteristicscreatedduringroadsurvey.Roadcapacitiesbasedon2000HCM.FieldsurveysconductedinMay2011.Majorintersectionswerevideoarchived.GISshape filesofsignallocationsandroadwaycharacteristicscreatedduringroadsurvey.RoadcapacitiesbasedonHCM2010.SchoolEvacuationDirectevacuationtodesignatedReceptionCenter/HostSchool.DirectevacuationtodesignatedReceptionCenter/HostSchool.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation1 12KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TopicPreviousETEStudyCurrentETEStudyTransitDependentPopulationDefinedashouseholdswith0vehicles+householdswith1vehiclewithcommuterswhodonotreturnhome+householdswith2vehicleswithcommuterswhodonotreturnhome.Telephonesurveysresultsusedtoestimatetransitdependentpopulation.Definedashouseholdswith0vehicles+householdswith1vehiclewithcommu terswhodonotreturnhome+householdswith2vehicleswithcommuterswhodonotreturnhome.Telephonesurveysresultsusedtoestimatetransitdependentpopulation(SeeTable81).Ridesharing50percentoftransitdependentpersonswillrideoutwithaneighbororfriend.50percentoftransitdependentpersonswillrideoutwithaneighbororfriend.TripGenerationforEvacuationBasedonresidentialtelephonesurveyofspecificpre tripmobilizationactivities:Residentswithcommutersreturningleavebetween45and240minutes.Residentswithoutcommutersreturningleavebetween15and240minutes.Employeesandtransientsleavebetween15and150minutes.AlltimesmeasuredfromtheAdvisorytoEvacuate.Basedonresidentialtele phonesurveyofspecificpre tripmobilizationactivities:Residentswithcommutersreturningleavebetween45and285minutes.Residentswithoutcommutersreturningleavebetween15and180minutes.Employeesandtransientsleavebetween15and120minutes.AlltimesmeasuredfromtheAdvisorytoEvacuate.WeatherNormal,Rain,orIce.Thecapacityandfreeflowspeedofalllinksinthenetworkarereducedby10%intheeventofrainand20%forice.Normal,Rain,orIce.Thecapacityandfreeflowspeedofalllinksinthenetworkarereducedby10%intheeventofrainand20%forice.ModelingIDYNEVSystem:TRADandPC DYNEV(version1.0.0.1).DYNEVII(version4.0.0.0).SpecialEventsOneconsidered-newplantconstructionworkforce.Oneconsidered-newplantconstructionworkforceduringpeakconstructionyearwithanoutageatUnit1.EvacuationCases21Regions(centralsectorwinddirectionandeachadjacentsectortechniqueused)and13Scenariosproducing273uniquecases30Regions(centralsectorwinddirectionandeachadjacentsectortechniqueused)and14Scenariosproducing420uniquecases EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation1 13KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TopicPreviousETEStudyCurrentETEStudyStagedEvacuationNotConsideredEvacuationof2mileregionwithshelteringof2 5mileregionfollowedby2 5mileevacuationwhen2mileregionevacuationis90%completeEvacuationTimeEstimatesReportingETEreportedfor50 th ,90 th ,95 th ,and100 thpercentilepopulation.ResultspresentedbyRegionandScenario.ETEreportedfor90 thand100 thpercentilepopulation.ResultspresentedbyRegionandScenario.EvacuationTimeEstimatesfortheentireEPZSummerMidweekMiddayGoodweather(100%)=4:10SummerMidweekMiddayGoodweather(90%)=2:40SummerMidweekMiddayGoodweather(100%)=4:55SummerMidweekMiddayGoodweather(90%)=2:25 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation2 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.52 STUDYESTIMATESANDASSUMPTIONSThissectionpresentstheestimatesandassumptionsutilizedinthedevelopmentoftheevacuationtimeestimates.2.1 DataEstimates1. PopulationestimatesarebaseduponCensus2010data.2. EstimatesofemployeeswhoresideoutsidetheEPZandcommutetoworkwithintheEPZarebaseduponemploymentdataobtainedfromcountyemergencymanagementofficials.3. Populationestimatesatspecialfacilitiesarebasedonavailabledatafromindividualfacilitiesidentifiedbycountyemergencymanagementofficials.Estimatesoftransientpopulationwerelikewiseobtainedfromlocalofficialsandfromparkingareacapacities.4. RoadwaycapacityestimatesarebasedonfieldsurveysandtheapplicationoftheHighwayCa pacityManual2010.5. PopulationmobilizationtimesarebasedonastatisticalanalysisofdataacquiredfromarandomsampletelephonesurveyofEPZresidents(seeSection5andAppendixF).6. Therelationshipbetweenresidentpopulationandevacuatingvehiclesisdevelopedfromthetelephonesurvey.Averag evaluesof2.68personsperhouseholdand1.49evacuatingvehiclesperhouseholdareused.Therelationshipbetweenpersonsandvehiclesforspecialfacilitiesisasfollows:a. Employees:1.01employeespervehicle(telephonesurveyresults)forallmajoremployers.b. ParksandGolfCourses:2.68peoplepervehicle(averagehouseholdsizeobtainedfromthetelephonesurveyresults,assuming1vehicleperfamily);c. SpecialEvents:Plant(VCSNSUnits2and3)constructionemployment,shift,andpeakyearcharacteristicssuppliedbySCE&G EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation2 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.52.2 StudyMethodology1. ETEarepresentedfortheevacuationofthe90 thand100 thpercentilesofpopulationforeachRegionandforeachScenario.ThepercentileETEisdefinedastheelapsedtimefromtheAdvisorytoEvacuateissuedtoaspecificRegionoftheEPZ,tothetimethatRegionisclearoftheindicatedpercentileofevacuees.ARegionisdefinedasagroupofProtectiveAc tionZones(PAZ)thatisissuedanAdvisorytoEvacuate.Ascenarioisacombinationofcircumstances,includingtimeofday,dayofweek,season,andweatherconditions.2. TheETEarecomputedandpresentedintabularformatandgraphically,inaformatcompliantwithNUREG/CR 7002.3. Evacuationmovements(pathsoftravel)aregenerallyoutboundrelativetotheplanttotheextentpermittedbythehighwaynetwork.Allmajorevacuationroutesareusedintheanalysis.4. Regionsaredefinedbytheunderlying"keyhole"orcircularconfigurationsasspecifiedinSection1.4ofNUREG/CR 7002.Th eseRegions,asdefined,displayirregularboundariesreflectingthegeographyoftheincludedPAZ.5. AsindicatedinFigure2 2ofNUREG/CR 7002,100%ofpeoplewithintheimpacted"keyhole"evacuate.20%ofthosepeoplewithintheEPZ,butnotwithintheimpactedkeyhole,willvoluntarilyevacuate.20%ofthosepeoplewiththeShad owRegionwillvoluntarilyevacuate.SeeFigure2 1foragraphicalrepresentationoftheseevacuationpercentages.SensitivitystudiesexploretheeffectonETEofincreasingthepercentageofvoluntaryevacueesintheShadowRegion(seeAppendixM).6. Atotalof14"Scenarios"representingdifferenttemporalvariations(season,timeofday,dayofweek)andweatherco nditionsareconsidered.TheseScenariosareoutlinedinTable2 1.7. Scenario14considerstheclosureofasinglelaneeastboundonInterstate 26inLexingtonCounty.Thelaneclosurestartsatexit91atColumbiaAveandextendsforonemiletotheEPZboundary.8. ThemodelsoftheI DYNEVSystemwererecognizedasstateoftheartbytheAtomicSafety&LicensingBoard(ASLB)inpasthearings.(Sources:AtomicSafety&LicensingBoardHearingsonSeabrookandShoreham;Urbanik 1).ThemodelshavecontinuouslybeenrefinedandextendedsincethosehearingsandhavebeenindependentlyvalidatedbyaconsultantretainedbytheNRC.ThenewDYNEVIImodelincorporatesthelatesttechnologyintrafficsimulationandindynamictrafficassignment.1 Urbanik,T.,et.al.BenchmarkStudyoftheI DYNEVEvacuationTimeEstimateComputerCode,NUREG/CR4873,NuclearRegulatoryCommission,June,1988.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation2 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table2 1.EvacuationScenarioDefinitionsScenarioSeason 2DayofWeekTimeofDayWeatherSpecial1SummerMidweekMiddayGoodNone2SummerMidweekMiddayRainNone3SummerWeekendMiddayGoodNone4SummerWeekendMiddayRainNone5SummerMidweek,WeekendEveningGoodNone6WinterMidweekMiddayGoodNone7WinterMidweekMiddayRainNone8WinterMidweekMiddayIceNone9WinterWeekendMiddayGoodNone10WinterWeekendMiddayRainNone11WinterWeekendMiddayIceNone12WinterMidweek,WeekendEveningGoodNone13WinterMidweekMiddayGoodConstructionofVCSNSUnits2and314SummerMidweekMiddayGoodRoadwayImpact-LaneClosureonI 26Eastbound2 Winterassumesthatschoolisinsession(alsoappliestospringandautumn).Summerassumesthatschoolisnotinsession.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation2 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure2 1.ShadowEvacuationMethodology EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation2 5KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.52.3 StudyAssumptions1. ThePlanningBasisAssumptionforthecalculationofETEisarapidlyescalatingaccidentthatrequiresevacuation,andincludesthefollowing:a. AdvisorytoEvacuateisannouncedcoincidentwiththesirennotification.b. Mobilizationofthegeneralpopulationwillcommencewithin15minutesaftersirennotification.c. ETEaremeasuredrelativetotheAdvisorytoEvacuate.2. ItisassumedthateveryonewithinthegroupofPAZsformingaRegionthatisissuedanAdvisorytoEvacuatewill,infact,respondandevacuateingeneralaccordwiththeplannedroutes.3. ItisassumedforastagedevacuationthatwithinthegroupofPAZsadvisedtoshelterbeforebeginningtoevacuate,alltransientsandemployeeswillchoosenottoshelterandbegintheevacuationassoonastheyaremobilized.OfthehouseholdspresentinthePAZsadvisedtoshelter,20percentofthemwoulddisregardtheshelteradvisoryandbegintoevacuateassoonastheyaremobilized.4. 67percentofthehouseholdsintheEPZhaveatleast1co mmuter;78percentofthosehouseholdswithcommuterswillawaitthereturnofacommuterbeforebeginningtheirevacuationtrip,basedonthetelephonesurveyresults.Therefore52percent(67%x78%=52%)ofEPZhouseholdswillawaitthereturnofacommuter,priortobeginningtheirevacuationtrip.5. TheETEwillalsoincludeconsiderationof"through"(External External)tripsduringthetimethatsuchtrafficispermittedtoentertheevacuatedRegion."Normal"trafficflowisassumedtobepresentwithintheEPZatthestartoftheemergen cy.6. AccessControlPoints(ACP)willbestaffedwithinapproximately2hoursfollowingthesirennotifications,todiverttrafficattemptingtoentertheEPZ.EarlieractivationofACPlocationscoulddelayreturningcommuters.Itisassumedtha tnotrafficwillentertheEPZafterthis2hourtimeperiod.7. TrafficControlPoints(TCP)withintheEPZwillbestaffedovertime,beginningattheAdvisorytoEvacuate.TheirnumberandlocationwilldependontheRegiontobeevacuatedandresourcesavailable.TheobjectivesoftheseTCPare:a. Facilitat ethemovementsofall(mostlyevacuating)vehiclesatthelocation.b. Discourageinadvertentvehiclemovementstowardstheplant.c. Provideassuranceandguidancetoanytravelerwhoisunsureoftheappropriateactionsorrouting.d. Actaslocalsurveillanceandcommunicationscenter.e. ProvideinformationtotheEmergencyOperationsCenter(EOC)asneeded, EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation2 6KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5basedondirectobservation,oroninformationprovidedbytravelers.IncalculatingETE,itisassumedthatevacueeswilldrivesafelyandreasonably,travelindirectionsidentifiedintheplan,andobeyallcontroldevicesandtrafficguides.8. Buseswillbeusedtotransportthosewithoutaccesstoprivatevehicles:a. Ifschoolsareinsession,transport(buses)willevacuatestudentsdirectlytothedesignatedhostschools.b. Itisassumedparentswillpickupchildrenatdaycarecenterspriortoevacuation.c. Buses,wheelchairvans,andambulanceswillevacuatepatientsatmedicalfacilitiesandresidentsatseniorfacilitieswithintheEPZ,asneeded.d. Transit dependentgeneralpopulationwillbeevacuatedtoreceptioncenters.e. Schoolchildren,ifschoolisinsession,aregivenpriorityinassignin gtransitvehicles.f. BusmobilizationtimeisconsideredinETEcalculations.g. Analysisofthenumberofrequiredround trips("waves")ofevacuatingtransitvehiclesispresented.h. Transportoftransit dependentev acueesfromreceptioncenterstocongregatecarecentersisnotconsideredinthisstudy.9. Provisionsaremadeforevacuatingthetransit dependentportionofthegeneralpopulationtoreceptioncentersbybus,basedontheassumptionthatsomeofthesepeoplewillride sharewithfamily,neighbors,andfriends,th usreducingthedemandforbuses.Weassumethatthepercentageofpeoplewhorideshareis50percent.Thisassumptionisbaseduponreportedexperienceforotheremergencies 3 ,andonguidanceinSection2.2ofNUREG/CR 7002.10. Twotypesofadverseweatherscenariosareconsidered.Rainmayoccurforeitherwinterorsummerscenarios;iceoccursinwinterscenariosonly.Itisassumedthattherainoricyconditionsbeginsearlierorataboutthesametimetheevacuationadvisoryisissued.Transientpopulationsareassumedtobeunaffectedbyweatherconditions.Itisassumedthatroadsarepassableandthattheappropriateagenciesareservicingtheroadsastheywouldnormallywhenicyconditionsarepresent.3InstituteforEnvironmentalStudies,UniversityofToronto,THEMISSISSAUGAEVACUATIONFINALREPORT,June1981.Thereportindicatesthat6,600peopleofatransitdependentpopulationof8,600peoplesharedrideswithotherresidents;aridesharerateof76%(Page510).

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation2 7KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Adverseweatherscenariosaffectroadwaycapacityandthefreeflowhighwayspeeds.ThefactorsappliedfortheETEstudyarebasedonrecentresearchontheeffectsofweatheronroadwayoperations 4;thefactorsareshowninTable2 2.11. Schoolbusesusedtotransportstudentsareassumedtotransport70studentsperbusforelementaryschoolsand50studentsperbusformiddleandhighschools,basedondiscussionswithstateofficesofemergencymanagement.Transitbusesusedtotransportthetransit dependentgeneralpopulationareassumedtotransport30peopleperbus.

Table2 2.ModelAdjustmentforAdverseWeatherScenarioHighwayCapacity*FreeFlowSpeed*MobilizationTimeforGeneralPopulationRain90%90%NoEffectIce80%80%NoEffect*Adverseweathercapacityandspeedvaluesaregivenasapercentageofgoodweatherconditions.Roadsareassumedtobepassable.

4 Agarwal,M.et.Al.ImpactsofWeatheronUrbanFreewayTrafficFlowCharacteristicsandFacilityCapacity,Proceedingsofthe2005MidContinentTransportationResearchSymposium,August,2005.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.53 DEMANDESTIMATIONTheestimatesofdemand,expressedintermsofpeopleandvehicles,constituteacriticalelementindevelopinganevacuationplan.Theseestimatesconsistofthreecomponents:1. AnestimateofpopulationwithintheEmergencyPlanningZone(EPZ),stratifiedintogroups(resident,employee,transient).2. Anestimate,foreachpopulationgroup,ofmeanoccupancyperevacuatingvehicle.Thisestimateisusedtodeterminethenumberofevacuatingvehicles.3. Anestimateofpotentialdouble countingofvehicles.AppendixEpresentsmuchofthesourcematerialforthepopulationestimates.Ourprimarysourceofpopulationdata,the2010Census,however,isnotadequatefordirectlyestimatingsometransientgroups.Throughouttheyear,v acationersandtouristsentertheEPZ.Thesenon residentsmaydwellwithintheEPZforashortperiod(e.g.afewdaysoroneortwoweeks),ormayenterandleavewithinoneday.Estimatesofthesizeofthesepopulationcomponentsmustbeobtained,sothattheassociatednumberofevacuatingvehiclescanbeas certained.Thepotentialfordouble countingpeopleandvehiclesmustbeaddressed.Forexample: AresidentwhoworksandshopswithintheEPZcouldbecountedasaresident,againasanemployee,andonceagainasashopper. Avisitorwhostaysatahotelandspendstimeatapark,the ngoesshoppingcouldbecountedthreetimes.Furthermore,thenumberofvehiclesatalocationdependsontimeofday.Forexample,motelparkinglotsmaybefullatdawnandemptyatnoon.Similarly,parkinglotsatareaparks,whicharefullatnoon,maybealmostem ptyatdawn.EstimatingcountsofvehiclesbysimplyaddingupthecapacitiesofdifferenttypesofparkingfacilitieswilltendtooverestimatethenumberoftransientsandcanleadtoETEthataretoocons ervative.AnalysisofthepopulationcharacteristicsoftheVCSummerNuclearStation(VCSNS)EPZindicatestheneedtoidentifythreedistinctgroups: PermanentresidentspeoplewhoareyearroundresidentsoftheEPZ. TransientspeoplewhoresideoutsideoftheEPZwhoentertheareaforaspecificpurpose(shopping,recreation)andthenleavethearea. EmployeespeoplewhoresideoutsideoftheEPZandcommutetobusinesseswithintheEPZonadailybasis.EstimatesofthepopulationandnumberofevacuatingvehiclesforeachofthepopulationgroupsarepresentedforeachProtectiveActionZone(PAZ)an dbypolarcoordinaterepresentation(populationrose).TheVCSNSEPZhasbeensubdividedinto13PAZ.TheEPZisshowninFigure3 1.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.53.1 PermanentResidentsTheprimarysourceforestimatingpermanentpopulationisthelatestU.S.Censusdata.Theaveragehouseholdsize(2.68persons/household-SeeFigureF 1)andthenumberofevacuatingvehiclesperhousehold(1.49vehicles/household-SeeFigureF 7)wereadaptedfromthetelephonesurveyresults.PopulationestimatesarebaseduponCensus2010data,Table3 1providesthepermanentresidentpopulationwithintheEPZ,byPAZ.Theyear2010permanentresidentpopulationisdividedbytheaveragehouseholdsizeobtainedfromthetelephonesurveyandthenmultipliedbytheaveragenumberofevacuatingvehiclesperhouseholddeterminedbythetelephonesurveyinordertoestimatenumberofvehicles.Permanentresidentpopulationandvehicleestimatesar epresentedinTable3 2.Figure3 2andFigure3 3presentthepermanentresidentpopulationandpermanentresidentvehicleestimatesbysectoranddistancefromtheVCSNSSite.This"rose"wasconstructedusingGISsoftware.Itcanbeargue dthatthisestimateofpermanentresidentsoverstates,somewhat,thenumberofevacuatingvehicles,especiallyduringthesummer.Itiscertainlyreasonabletoassertthatsomeportionofthepopulationwouldbeonvacationduringthesummerandwouldtravelelsewhere.Aroughestimateofthisreductionca nbeobtainedasfollows: Assume50percentofallhouseholdsvacationforatwoweekperiodoverthesummer. Assumethesevacations,inaggregate,areuniformlydispersedover10weeks,i.e.10percentofthepopulationisonvacationduringeachtwo weekinterval. Assumehalfofthesevacationersleavethearea.Onthisbasi s,thepermanentresidentpopulationwouldbereducedby5percentinthesummerandbyalesseramountintheoffseason.Giventheuncertaintyinthisestimate,weelectedtoapplynoreductionsinpermanentresidentpopulationforthesummerscenariostoaccountfo rresidentswhomaybeoutofthearea.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure3 1.VCSNSEPZ EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table3 1.EPZPermanentResidentPopulationPAZ2000CensusPopulation2010CensusPopulationA 0238220A 1372395A 2631618B 1310341B 2414382C 1420411C 21,4511,515D 11,7652,214D 22,5623,908E 1546536E 21,8271,997F 1228202F 21,3271,436TOTAL12,09114,175EPZPopulationGrowth: 17%

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 5KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table3 2.PermanentResidentPopulationandVehiclesbyPAZPAZ2010CensusPopulationEvacuatingVehiclesA 0220123A 1395219A 2618346B 1341190B 2382213C 1411232C 21,515848D 12,2141233D 23,9082,171E 1536297E 21,9971111F 1202111F 21,436798TOTAL14,1757,892 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 6KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure3 2.PermanentResidentPopulationbySector3 Mile Detail

................ N 2 21 46 47 22 80 32 41 291NNE 55269 10 63 28 19 0 0457 NE 0 0 0 0 64 0 0 0 127 ENE 0 13 0192 86 27 0 0449 E 037791620396138421 1007ESE 0 14 30 64 33242 61 5 505 SE 75 66 54 21 75 59 65208761SSE 9 0 71 57331471424 7 1400 S 16 56144 168 64208587 803 2046SSW 4 56 80 9116847113149783162 SW 35 29 19 612202183751521137WSW 6 95105219124 73176137962 W 24 33 639142 9363108511WNW 0 18 62 47 97242 54 0 520NW 73 54 7108 50 82 58 0434NNW 54 84 9 0103 73 61 0 4065, 10 MilesEPZ Boundary3 Miles toEPZ Boundary0 - 3 MilesDetail N 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 1 62 0 57 74 E 0170 1 8 47 0125 13 0 10 20 S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 27 0 0 W 003 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 22Resident PopulationMiles RingSubtotalTotal MilesCumulative Total0-1280-1281-22180-22462-32840-3530 3-43530-4883 4-58450-51728 5-67220-62450 6-711930-736437-818100-854538-924540-979079-1034080-101131510-EPZ28600-EPZ14175 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 7KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure3 3.PermanentResidentVehiclesbySector3 Mile Detail

................ N 1 11 26 26 12 45 18 23 162 NNE 30150 6 35 15 11 0 0 254 NE 0 0 0 0 36 0 0 0 72 ENE 0 7 0107 48 15 0 0 251 E 0214491145377235 563 ESE 0 8 17 36 19135 34 3 283 SE 41 38 30 12 42 33 37115 425 SSE 5 0 39 31184262237 4 779 S 10 32 81 94 361163244481141 SSW 2 30 44 51 94263729543 1756 SW 19 16 11 35121120209 84 631 WSW 3 52 60121 69 41 98 77 536 W 13 18 3 22 79 523560 284 WNW 0 10 34 25 54135 30 0 288 NW 41 30 4 60 28 44 32 0240NNW 30 47 5 0 57 42 34 0 2275, 10 MilesEPZ Boundary3 Miles toEPZ Boundary0 - 3 MilesDetail N 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 1 35 0 33 41 E 0100 1 4 26 0 69 8 0 6 11 S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 15 0 0 W 002 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 12Resident Vehicles MilesRingSubtotal TotalMilesCumulativeTotal0-1160-1161-21230-2139 2-31590-3298 3-41950-4493 4-54700-5963 5-64040-61367 6-76640-720317-810080-830398-913670-944069-1018940-10630010-EPZ15920-EPZ7892 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 8KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.53.2 ShadowPopulationAproportionofthepopulationlivingintheShadowRegion,whichisoutsidetheEmergencyPlanningZone(EPZ)andextendsto15milesradiallyfromVCSNS,mayelecttoevacuatewithouthavingbeeninstructedtodoso.BaseduponNUREG/CR 7002guidance,itisassumedthat20percentofthepermanentresidentpopulation,ba sedonU.S.CensusBureaudata,inthisShadowRegionwillelecttoevacuate.Shadowpopulationcharacteristics(householdsize,evacuationvehiclesperhousehold,mobilizationtime)areassumedtobethesameasthosefortheEPZpermanentresidentpopulation.Table3 3presentsestimatesofthetotalshadowpopulationandvehicles.Table3 3.ShadowPopulationandVehiclesbySectorSectorPopulationEvacuatingVehiclesE1,274710ENE7,0223,905ESE996553N261146NE987550NNE8446NNW11666NW11766S7,7594,314SE4,9912,777SSE16,4849,163SSW4,6632,594SW1,443804W2,1861,213WNW937521WSW2,3441,305TOTAL51,66428,7333.3 TransientPopulationTransientpopulationgroupsaredefinedasthosepeople(whoarenotpermanentresidents,norcommutingemployees)whoentertheEPZforaspecificpurpose(shopping,recreation).Transientsmayspendlessthanonedayorstayovernightatcampingfacilities.TheVCSNSEPZhasanumberofareasandfacilitiesthatatt racttransients,includingMonticelloReservoir,ParrReservoir,andBroadRiverthatofferhunting,fishing,andboating.ThereisalsosomecampingalongtheBroadRiver.Sevenrecreationalareas,allofwhichofferpicnickingandsixofwhichhaveboatramps,arelocatedintheEPZneartheParrandMonticelloReservoirs.Therear eseverallargerlakesinareasoutsideoftheEPZthatattractthemajorityoftransients EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 9KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5inthearea(i.e.LakeMurrayinLexingtonCounty).TherearenolodgingfacilitiesintheEPZ.Phonecallsweremadetorecreationalfacilitiestodeterminethenumberofvisitorsforeachfacility.Itwasdeterminedfromthesecallsthat90%ofthesevisitorsareEPZresidents,leaving10%astransients.Amaximumof240peoplecouldbegolfinginth eEPZ(150atMidCarolinaCluband90atLakeMurrayGolfCenter)atanygiventime.Therefore,24ofthetotal240golfersaretransientsvisitingfromoutsidetheEPZ.Accordingtoroadsurveydataofparkinglotcapacityatrecreationalareas,itwasestimatedthatthema ximumnumberofvehiclesvisitingthesevenrecreationalareasneartheParrandMonticelloReservoirsis370.Therefore,37ofthetotal370vehiclesaretransientvehicles(10%oftotalvisitors).Itwasassumedthatfamiliesvisitedtheserecreationalfacilitiestogether.Basedonthisassumpti onandusingtheaveragehouseholdsizeof2.68peopleobtainedfromthetelephonesurvey,thetotalnumberoftransientspersitewascomputed-seetableE 4.Atotalof121transientscouldberecreatingintheEPZatpeaktimes.Thepeakseasonisthesummer.Table3 4presentstrans ientpopulationandtransientvehicleestimatesbyPAZ.Figure3 4andFigure3 5presentthesedatabysector.Table3 4.SummaryofTransientsandTransientVehiclesPAZTransientsTransientVehiclesA 00 0 A 144 17 A 227 10 B 10 0 B 20 0 C 10 0 C 20 0 D 10 0 D 29 6 E 10 0 E 215 10 F 126 10 F 20 0 EPZTOTAL 121 53 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 10KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure3 4.TransientPopulationbySector3 Mile Detail

................ N 0 0 45 0 0

0 0 0 45NNE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0NE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 ENE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 E 000000 00 0ESE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0SSE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 9SSW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0SW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0WSW 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 28 W 00 000 000 0 WNW 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13NW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NNW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 05, 10 MilesEPZ Boundary3 Miles toEPZ Boundary0 - 3 MilesDetail N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 0 0 0 E 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 W 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Transient PopulationMilesRingSubtotalTotalMilesCumulativeTotal0-100-101-200-202-3390-339 3-4130-452 4-500-552 5-6450-697 6-700-7977-800-8978-900-9979-10150-1011210-EPZ90-EPZ121 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 11KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure3 5.TransientVehiclesbySector3 Mile Detail

................ N 0 0 17 0 0

0 0 0 17NNE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 ENE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 E 000000 00 0ESE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0SSE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S 0 0 0 0

0 0 0

6 6SSW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0WSW 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 15 W 00 000 000 0WNW 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5NW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0NNW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 05, 10 MilesEPZ Boundary3 Miles toEPZ Boundary0 - 3 MilesDetail N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 E 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 W 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Transient VehiclesMiles RingSubtotalTotal MilesCumulative Total0-100-101-200-202-3150-315 3-450-420 4-500-520 5-6170-637 6-700-7377-800-8378-900-9379-10100-104710-EPZ60-EPZ53 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 12KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.53.4 EmployeesEmployeeswhoworkwithintheEPZfallintotwocategories: ThosewholiveandworkintheEPZ ThosewholiveoutsideoftheEPZandcommutetojobswithintheEPZ.Thoseofthefirstcategoryarealreadycountedaspartofthepermanentresidentpopulation.Toavoiddoublecounting,wefocusonlyonthoseemployeescommutingfromoutsidetheEPZwhowillevacuatealongwiththepermanentresidentpopulation.Dataformajoremployers(morethan50totalemployees)intheEPZwasprovidedbythecountyemergencymanagementoffices.ThemajoremployersaresummarizedinTableE 3anddiscussedbelow.ThelocationsofthesefacilitiesweremappedusingGISsoftware.TheGISmapwasoverlaidwiththeevacuat ionanalysisnetworkandemployeevehicleswereloadedontoappropriatelinks.SixmajoremployerswereidentifiedfortheVCSNSEPZ:1. TheVirgilC.SummerNuclearStation Totalemploymentof867people. Maximumshiftemploymentof693people. 90%ofemployeesarenon EPZresidents.2. CentralLabelProducts Totalemploymentof105people. Maximumshiftemploymentof75people. 25%ofemployeesarenon EPZresidents.3. CoreLogic Totalemploymentof135people. Maximumshiftemploymentof135people. 67%ofemployeesarenon EPZresidents.4. EllettBrothers-SportingEquipmentDistributors Totalemploymentof198people. Maximumshiftemploymentof100people. 68%ofemployeesarenon EPZresidents.5. GeneralInformationServices Totalemploymentof400people. Maximumshiftemploymentof340people. Averageof78.5%ofemployeesassumednon EPZresidents.6. GeorgiaPacificCorporation Totalemploymentof300people. Maximumshiftemploymentof100people.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 13KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5 90%ofemployeesarenon EPZresidents.TherearelikelyseveralsmalleremploymentcenterswithintheEPZ,butemployeestherearemostlikelyEPZresidents.Resultsofthetelephonesurveyindicateanemployee vehicleoccupancyrateof1.01personspervehicle,andwereusedtoestimatethenumberofevacuatingemployeevehicles.Table3 5presentsnon EPZResidentemployeeandvehicleestimatesbyPAZ.Figure3 6andFigure3 7presentthesedatabysector.Table3 5.SummaryofNon EPZEmployeesandEmployeeVehiclesPAZEmployeesEmployeeVehiclesA 0624 616 A 10 0 A 20 0 B 10 0 B 20 0 C 10 0 C 20 0 D 10 0 D 2444 438 E 10 0 E 290 89 F 10 0 F 20 0 EPZTOTAL 1,158 1,143 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 14KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure3 6.EmployeePopulationbySector3 Mile Detail

................ N 0 0 0

0 0

0 0 0 0NNE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0NE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ENE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 E 000000 00 0ESE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0SSE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S 0 0 0 0 0 0444 0 444SSW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0624SW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0WSW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 90 90 W 00 000 000 0 WNW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0NW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NNW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 05, 10 MilesEPZ Boundary3 Miles toEPZ Boundary0 - 3 MilesDetail N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 E 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S 0 0 0624 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 W 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0EmployeesMilesRingSubtotalTotalMilesCumulativeTotal0-16240-16241-200-26242-300-3624 3-400-4624 4-500-5624 5-600-6624 6-700-76247-800-86248-900-96249-104440-10106810-EPZ900-EPZ1158 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 15KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure3 7.EmployeeVehiclesbySector3 Mile Detail

................ N 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 NNE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0NE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ENE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 E 00000000 0 ESE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SSE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S 0 0 0 0 0 0 438 0438 SSW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 616 SW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 WSW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 89 89 W 0000 0 000 0WNW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0NW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NNW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 05, 10 MilesEPZ Boundary3 Miles toEPZ Boundary0 - 3 MilesDetail N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 E 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 S 0 0 0616 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 W 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Employee VehiclesMiles RingSubtotal TotalMilesCumulativeTotal0-16160-16161-200-26162-300-36163-400-46164-500-5616 5-600-66166-700-76167-800-8616 8-900-96169-104380-10105410-EPZ890-EPZ1143 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 16KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.53.5 MedicalFacilitiesThereisonemedicalfacilityintheVCSNSEPZ:GenerationsofChapin.Chapter8detailstheevacuationtimeestimateforthepatientsofthisfacility.Thenumberandtypeofevacuatingvehiclesthatneedtobeprovideddependsonthenumberofpatientsandontheirstateofhealth.Busescantransportupto30people;wheelch airbuses,upto15people;wheelchairvans,upto4people;ambulances,upto2people(patients).3.6 TotalDemandinAdditiontoPermanentPopulationVehicleswillbetravelingthroughtheEPZ(external externaltrips)atthetimeofanaccident.AftertheAdvisorytoEvacuateisannounced,thesethrough travelerswillalsoevacuate.ThesethroughvehiclesareassumedtotravelonthemajorroutestraversingtheEPZ-USHighways76,176,and321,aswellasInterstate26.ItisassumedthatthistrafficwillcontinuetoentertheEPZduringthefirst120minutesfollowingtheAdvisorytoEvacuate.AverageAnnualDailyTraffic(AADT)datawasobtainedfromthe2010datasuppliedbytheFederalHighwayAdministration'sHighwayPerformanceMonitoringSystem.TheAADTwasmultipliedbytheKFactor,whichistheproportionoftheAADTonaroadwaysegmentorlinkduringthedesignhour,resultinginthedesignhourvolume(DHV).Thedesignhourisusuallythe30 thhighesthourlytrafficvolumeoftheyear,measuredinvehiclesperhour(vph).TheDHVisthenmultipliedbytheD Factor,whichistheproportionoftheDHVoccurringinthepeakdirectionoftravel(alsoknownasthedirectionalsplit).Theresultingvaluesarethedirectionaldesignhourlyvolumes(DDHV),an darepresentedinTable3 6,foreachoftheroutesconsidered.TheDDHVisthenmultipliedby2hours(accesscontrolpoints-ACP-areactivatedat120minutesaftertheadvisorytoevacuate)toestimatethetotalsourcevehiclesloadedontheanalysisnetwork.Asindicated,thereare10,687vehiclesenteringtheEPZasexternal externaltripspriortotheactivationoftheACP.3.7 SpecialEventsThespecialeventconsideredforthisstudyistheeventinwhichaGeneralEmergencycommencesduringthepeakconstructionyearofUnits2and3attheVCSNSsitewithanoutageatUnit1.Duringthefourthquarterofthepeakconstructionyear,2014,thereisaplannedoutage.Therewillbeanestimated3,500constructionworkers(3,465vehicles)atthattimeatthesite.Therewillalsobeanadditional700employees(693vehicles)attheVCSNSsitefortheoutage.VC SNSpersonnelhaveidentifiedthataradiologicalaccidentispossibleduringanoutage.Therefore,therewouldbeanadditional4,158evacuatingvehiclesfromtheplantsiteifaGeneralEmergencyoccursduringanoutageinthepeakconstructionyear.Apopulationgrowthratewasappliedtoextrapolatethepermanentresidentpopulationinth eEPZandShadowRegiontorealisticallyrepresentthisscenario.Anadditional569residentvehiclesand129shadowvehicleswereloadedonthenetworktorepresenttheincreasedpopulationin2014.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 17KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table3 6.VCSNSSiteExternalTrafficRoadNameDirectionSourceLinkAADT 1 K Factor 2DFactor 2HourlyVolumeSourceVehiclesUpNodeDnNode I 26Eastbound836336338,5490.1070.52,0624,124I 26Westbound882482438,5490.1070.52,0624,124US 176Westbound88278276,3000.1180.5372743US 176Eastbound 384014016,3000.1180.25186372US 76Eastbound88138486,3000.1180.25186372US 321Northbound86646643,5000.1360.5238476US 321Southbound84704703,5000.1360.5238476EPZTotal: 10,687 1HighwayPerformanceMonitoringSystem(HPMS),FederalHighwayAdministration(FHWA),Washington,D.C.,2011 2HCM2010,page3 103AADTforUS 176isassumedequaltoAADTforUS 763.8 SummaryofDemandAsummaryofpopulationandvehicledemandissummarizedinTable3 7andTable3 8,respectively.Thissummaryincludesallpopulationgroupsdescribedinthissection.Additionalpopulationgroups-transit dependent,specialfacilityandschoolpopulation-aredescribedingreaterdetailinSection8.Atotalof32,139peopleand25,750vehicl esareconsideredinthisstudy.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 18KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table3 7.SummaryofPopulationDemandERPAResidentsTransitDependent TransientsEmployees Special Facilities Schools ShadowPopulationExternal Traffic Total A 02204 0 6240000 848 A 13957 44 00000 446 A 261812 27 0 0 21900 876 B 13416000000 347 B 23827000000 389 C 14118000000 419 C 21,5152800 0 27000 1,813 D 12,21442000000 2,256 D 23,90873 9 44460347400 7,968 E 153610000000 546 E 21,997371590 0 167200 3,811 F 12024 26 00000 232 F 21,4362700 0 39200 1,855 Shadow00000010,333 0 10,333 Total14,175265 121 1,158 60 6,027 10,333 0 32,139 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation3 19KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table3 8.SummaryofVehicleDemandERPAResidentsTransitDependent TransientsEmployees Special Facilities Schools ShadowPopulationExternal Traffic Total A 01230 0 6160000 739 A 12190 17 00000 236 A 23460 10 00800 364 B 11904000000 194 B 22130000800 221 C 12320000000 232 C 28480000000 848 D 112334000000 1,237 D 22,1714 6 438 6 11200 2,737 E 12972000000 299 E 2111141089 0 6400 1,278 F 11110 10 00000 121 F 2798000 0 1200 810 Shadow0000005,74710,68716,434 Total7,89218 53 1,143 6 204 5,747 10,687 25,750 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation4 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.54 ESTIMATIONOFHIGHWAYCAPACITYTheabilityoftheroadnetworktoservicevehicledemandisamajorfactorindetermininghowrapidlyanevacuationcanbecompleted.Thecapacityofaroadisdefinedasthemaximumhourlyrateatwhichpersonsorvehiclescanreasonablybeexpectedtotraverseapointoruniformsectionofalaneofroad wayduringagiventimeperiodunderprevailingroadway,trafficandcontrolconditions,asstatedinthe2010HighwayCapacityManual(HCM2010).Indiscussingcapacity,differentoperatingconditionshavebeenassignedalphabeticaldesignations,AthroughF,toreflecttherangeoftrafficoperationalcharacteristics.Thesedesignationshavebeentermed"LevelsofService"(LOS).Forexample,LOSAconnotesfree flowandhigh speedoperatingconditions;LOSFrepresentsaforcedflowcondition.LOSEdescribestrafficoperatingatornearcapacity.Anotherconcept,closelyassociatedwithcapacity,is"ServiceVolume"(SV).Servicevolumeisdefinedas"Themaximu mhourlyrateatwhichvehicles,bicyclesorpersonsreasonablycanbeexpectedtotraverseapointoruniformsectionofaroadwayduringanhourunderspecificassumedconditionswhilemaintainingadesignatedlevelofservice."Thisdefinitionissimilartothatforcapacity.Themajordistinctionisthatva luesofSVvaryfromoneLOStoanother,whilecapacityistheservicevolumeattheupperboundofLOSE,only.ThisdistinctionisillustratedinExhibit11 17oftheHCM2010.Asindicatedthere,theSVvarieswithFreeFlowSpeed(FFS),andLOS.TheSViscalculatedbytheDYNEVIIsimulationmodel,basedonthespecifiedlinkattributes,FFS,capacity,controldeviceandtrafficdemand.Otherfactorsalsoinfluencecapacity.Theseinclude,butarenotlimitedto: Lanewidth Shoulderwidth Pavementcondition Percenttrucktraffic Controldevice(andtiming,ifitisasignal) Weatherconditions(rain,snow,fo g,windspeed,ice)Thesefactorsareconsideredduringtheroadsurveyandinthecapacityestimationprocess;somefactorshavegreaterinfluenceoncapacitythanothers.Forexample,laneandshoulderwidthhaveonlyalimitedinfluenceonBaseFreeFlowSpeed(BFFS 1)accordingtoExhibit15 7oftheHCM.Consequently,laneandshoulderwidthsatthenarrowestpointswereobservedduringtheroadsurveyandtheseobservationswererecorded,butnodetailedmeasurementsoflaneorshoulderwidthweretaken.TheestimatedFFSweremeasuredusingthesurveyvehicle'sspeedometerandobservinglocaltraffic,underfreeflowconditions.AsdiscussedinSection2.3,itisnecessarytoad justcapacityfigurestorepresenttheprevailing1 AveryroughestimateofBFFSmightbetakenasthepostedspeedlimitplus10mph(HCM2010Page1515)

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation4 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5conditionsduringinclementweather.Basedonlimitedempiricaldata,weatherconditionssuchasrainreducethevaluesoffreespeedandofhighwaycapacitybyapproximately10percent.Overthelastdecadenewstudieshavebeenmadeontheeffectsofrainontrafficcapacity.Thesestudiesindicatearangeofeffectsbetween5and20percentdependingonwindspeedandprecipitationrates.AsindicatedinSection2.3,weemployareductioninfreespeedandinhighwaycapacityof10percentand20percentforrainandice,respectively.Sincecongestionarisingfromevacuationmaybesignificant,estimatesofroadwaycapacit ymustbedeterminedwithgreatcare.Becauseofitsimportance,abriefdiscussionofthemajorfactorsthatinfluencehighwaycapacityispresentedinthissection.Ruralhighwaysgenerallyconsistof:(1)oneormoreuniformsectionswithlimitedaccess(driveways,parkingareas)characterizedby"uninterrupted"flow;and(2)approachestoat gradeinters ectionswhereflowcanbe"interrupted"byacontroldeviceorbyturningorcrossingtrafficattheintersection.Duetothesedifferences,separateestimatesofcapacitymustbemadeforeachsection.Often,theapproachtotheintersectioniswidenedbytheadditionofoneormorelanes(turnpocketsortur nbays),tocompensateforthelowercapacityoftheapproachduetothefactorstherethatcaninterrupttheflowoftraffic.TheseadditionallanesarerecordedduringthefieldsurveyandlaterenteredasinputtotheDYNEVIIsystem.4.1 CapacityEstimationsonApproachestoIntersectionsAt gradeintersectionsareapttobe comethefirstbottlenecklocationsunderlocalheavytrafficvolumeconditions.Thischaracteristicreflectstheneedtoallocateaccesstimetotherespectivecompetingtrafficstreamsbyexertingsomeformofcontrol.Duringevacuation,controlatcriticalintersectionswilloftenbeprovidedbytrafficcontrolpersonnelassignedforthatpurpose,whosedirectionsmays upersedetrafficcontroldevices.Theexistingtrafficmanagementplansdocumentedinthecountyemergencyplansareextensiveandwereadoptedwithoutchange.Theper lanecapacityofanapproachtoasignalizedintersectioncanbeexpressed(simplistically)inthefollowingform:where:Qcap,m=Capacityofasinglelaneoftrafficonanapproach,whichexecutesmovement,m ,uponenteringtheintersection;vehiclesperhour(vph)h m=Meanqueuedischargeheadwayofvehiclesonthislanethatareexecuting EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation4 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5movement,m;secondspervehicleG=MeandurationofGREENtimeservicingvehiclesthatareexecutingmovement,m ,foreachsignalcycle;secondsL=Mean"losttime"foreachsignalphaseservicingmovement,m;secondsC=Durationofeachsignalcycle;secondsP m=ProportionofGREENtimeallocatedforvehiclesexecutingmovement,m ,fromthislane.Thisvalueisspecifiedaspartofthecontroltreatment.m=Themovementexecutedbyvehiclesaftertheyentertheintersection:through,left turn,right turn,anddiagonal.Theturn movement specificmeandischargeheadwayh m ,dependsinacomplexwayuponmanyfactors:roadwaygeometrics,turnpercentages,theextentofconflictingtrafficstreams,thecontroltreatment,andothers.Aprimaryfactoristhevalueof"saturationqueuedischargeheadway",h sat ,whichappliestothroughvehiclesthatarenotimpededbyotherconflictingtrafficstreams.Thisvalue,itself,dependsuponmanyfactorsincludingmotoristbehavior.Formally,wecanwrite,where:

h sat=Saturationdischargeheadwayforthroughvehicles;secondspervehicleF 1 ,F 2=Thevariousknownfactorsinfluencingh mf m ()=Complexfunctionrelatingh mtotheknown(orestimated)valuesofh sat ,F 1 ,F 2 ,-

Theestimationofh mforspecifiedvaluesofh sat ,F 1 ,F 2 ,...isundertakenwithintheDYNEVIIsimulationmodelbyamathematicalmodel 2.Theresultingvaluesforh malwayssatisfythecondition:Thatis,theturn movement specificdischargeheadwaysarealwaysgreaterthan,orequalto2 Lieberman,E.,"DeterminingLateralDeploymentofTrafficonanApproachtoanIntersection",McShane,W.&Lieberman,E.,"ServiceRatesofMixedTrafficonthefarLeftLaneofanApproach".BothpapersappearinTransportationResearchRecord772,1980.Lieberman,E.,Xin,W.,"MacroscopicTrafficModelingForLarge ScaleEvacuationPlanning",tobepresentedattheTRB2012AnnualMeeting,January2226,2012 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation4 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5thesaturationdischargeheadwayforthroughvehicles.Theseheadways(oritsinverseequivalent,"saturationflowrate"),maybedeterminedbyobservationorusingtheproceduresoftheHCM2010.TheabovediscussionisnecessarilybriefgiventhescopeofthisETEreportandthecomplexityofthesubjectofintersectioncapacity.Infact,Chapte rs18,19,and20intheHCM2010addressthistopic.Thefactors,F 1 ,F 2 ,-,influencingsaturationflowrateareidentifiedinequation(18 5)oftheHCM2010.ThetrafficsignalswithintheEPZandShadowRegionaremodeledusingrepresentativephasingplansandphasedurationsobtainedaspartofthefielddatacollection.Trafficresponsivesignalinstallationsallowtheproportionofgreentimeallocated(P m)foreachapproachtoeachintersectiontobedeterminedbytheexpectedtrafficvolumesoneachapproachduringevacuationcircumstances.Theamountofgreentime(G)allocatedissubjecttomaximumandminimumphasedurationconstraints;2secondsofyellowtimeareindicatedforeachsignalphaseand1secondofall redtimeisassignedbetweensignalphases,typically.Ifasignalispre timed,theyellowandall redtimesobservedduringtheroadsurveyareused.Alosttime(L)of2.0secondsisusedforeachsignalphaseintheanalysis.4.2 CapacityEstimationalongSectionsofHighwayThecapacit yofhighwaysectionsasdistinctfromapproachestointersectionsisafunctionofroadwaygeometrics,trafficcomposition(e.g.percentheavytrucksandbusesinthetrafficstream)and,ofcourse,motoristbehavior.Thereisafundamentalrelationshipwhichrelatesservicevolume(i.e.thenumberofvehiclesservicedwithinauniformhighwaysectioninagiventimeperiod)totrafficdensity.ThetopcurveinFigure4 1illustratesthisrelationship.Asindicated,therear etwoflowregimes:(1)FreeFlow(leftsideofcurve)and(2)ForcedFlow(rightside).IntheFreeFlowregime,thetrafficdemandisfullyserviced;theservicevolumeincreasesasdemandvolumeanddensityincrease,untiltheservicevolumeattainsit smaximumvalue,whichisthecapacityofthehighwaysection.Astrafficdemandandtheresultinghighwaydensityincreasebeyondthis"critical"value,therateatwhichtrafficcanbeserviced(i.e.theservicevolume)canactuallydeclinebelowcapacity("capacitydrop").Therefore,inordertorealisticallyrepresenttrafficperformanceduringcongestedconditions(i.e.whendemandexceedscapacity),itisnecessarytoestimatetheservicevolume,V F ,undercongestedconditions.ThevalueofV Fcanbeexpressedas:where:R=ReductionfactorwhichislessthanunityWehaveemployedavalueofR=0.90.Theadvisabilityofsuchacapacityreductionfactoris EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation4 5KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5baseduponempiricalstudiesthatidentifiedafall offintheserviceflowratewhencongestionoccursat"bottlenecks"or"chokepoints"onafreewaysystem.ZhangandLevinson 3describearesearchprogramthatcollecteddatafromacomputer basedsurveillancesystem(loopdetectors)installedontheInterstateHighwaySystem,at27activebottlenecksinthetwincitiesmetroareainMinnesotaovera7 weekperiod.Whenflowbreakdownoccurs,queuesareformedwhichdischargeatlowerflowratesthanthemaximumcapacitypriortoobservedbreakdown.Thesequeuedischargeflow(QDF)ratesvaryfromonelocationtothenextandalsovarybydayofweekandtimeofdaybaseduponlocalcircumstances.ThecitedreferencepresentsameanQDFof2,016passengercarsperhourperlane(pcphpl).Thisfigurecompar eswiththenominalcapacityestimateof2,250pcphplestimatedfortheETEandindicatedinAppendixKforfreewaylinks.Theratioofthesetwonumbersis0.896whichtranslatesintoacapacityreductionfactorof0.90.Sincetheprincipalobjectiveofevacuationtimeestimateanalysesistodevelopa"realistic"estimateofevacuationtimes,useoftherepresentativevalueforthiscapacityreductionfactor(R=0.90)isjustified.Thisfactorisappliedonlywhenflowbreaksdown,asdeterminedbythesimulationmodel.Ruralroads,likefreeways,areclassifiedas"uninterruptedflow"facilities.(Thisisincontrastwithurbanstreetsystemswhichhavecloselyspacedsignalizedinters ectionsandareclassifiedas"interruptedflow"facilities.)Assuch,trafficflowalongruralroadsissubjecttothesameeffectsasfreewaysintheeventtrafficdemandexceedsthenominalcapacity,resultinginqueuingandlowerQDFrates.Asapracticalmatter,ruralroadsrarelybreakdownatlocationsawayfromintersections.Anybreakdownsonruralroadsaregenerallyexperiencedatintersectionswhereothermodellogicapplies,oratlanedropswhichreducecapacitythere.Therefore,theapplicationofafactorof0.90isappropriateonruralroadsbutisrarely,ifever,activated.Theestimatedvalueofcapacit yisbasedprimarilyuponthetypeoffacilityandonroadwaygeometrics.Sectionsofroadwaywithadversegeometricsarecharacterizedbylowerfree flowspeedsandlanecapacity.Exhibit15 30intheHighwayCapacityManualwasreferencedtoestimatesaturationflowrates.Theimpactofnarrowlanesandshould ersonfree flowspeedandoncapacityisnotmaterial,particularlywhenflowispredominantlyinonedirectionasisthecaseduringanevacuation.Theprocedureusedherewastoestimate"section"capacity,V E ,basedonobservationsmadetravelingovereachsectionoftheevacuationnetwork,basedonthepostedspeedlimitsandtravelbehaviorofothermotoristsandbyreferencetothe2010HCM.TheDYNEVIIsimulationmodeldeterminesforeachhighwaysection,representedasanetworklink,whetheritscapacitywouldbelimitedbythe"section specific"servicevolume,V E ,orbytheintersection specificcapacity.Foreachlink,themodelselectsthelowervalueofcapacity.3 LeiZhangandDavidLevinson,"SomePropertiesofFlowsatFreewayBottlenecks,"TransportationResearchRecord1883,2004.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation4 6KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.54.3 ApplicationtotheVCSNSStudyAreaAspartofthedevelopmentofthelink nodeanalysisnetworkforthestudyarea,anestimateofroadwaycapacityisrequired.Thesourcematerialforthecapacityestimatespresentedhereiniscontainedin:2010HighwayCapacityManual(HCM)TransportationResearchBoardNationalResearchCouncilWashington,D.C.Thehighwaysysteminthestudyareaconsistsprimarilyofthreecategoriesofroadsand,ofcourse,intersections: Two Laneroads:Local,State Multi LaneHighways(at grade) FreewaysEachoftheseclassificationswillbediscussed.4.3.1 Two LaneRoadsRef:HCMChapter15TwolaneroadscomprisethemajorityofhighwayswithintheEPZ.Theperlanecapacityofatwo lanehighwayisestimatedat1700passengercarsperhour(pc/h).Thisestimateisessentiallyindependentofthedirectionaldistributionoftrafficvolumeexceptthat,forextendeddistances,thetwo waycapacitywillnotexceed3200pc/h.Th eHCMproceduresthenestimateLevelofService(LOS)andAverageTravelSpeed.TheDYNEVIIsimulationmodelacceptsthespecifiedvalueofcapacityasinputandcomputesaveragespeedbasedonthetime varyingdemand:capacityrelations.Basedonthefieldsurveyandonexpectedtrafficoperationsassociatedwithevacuationscenarios: Mostsectionsoftwo laneroadswithintheEPZareclassifiedas"Clas sI",with"levelterrain";someare"rollingterrain". "ClassII"highwaysaremostlythosewithinurbanandsuburbancenters.4.3.2 Multi LaneHighwayRef:HCMChapter14Exhibit14 2oftheHCM2010presentsasetofcurvesthatindicateaper lanecapacityrangingfromapproximately1900to2200pc/h,forfree speedsof45to60mph,respectively.Basedonobservation,themulti lanehighwaysoutsideofsmalltownswithintheEPZservicetrafficwithfree speedsinthisrang e.Theactualtime varyingspeedscomputedbythesimulationmodelreflectthedemand:capacityrelationshipandtheimpactofcontrolatintersections.A EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation4 7KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5conservativeestimateofper lanecapacityof1900pc/hisadoptedforthisstudyformulti lanehighwaysoutsideofurbanareas,asshowninAppendixK.4.3.3 FreewaysRef:HCMChapters10,11,12,13Chapter10oftheHCM2010describesaprocedureforintegratingtheresultsobtainedinChapters11,12,and13,whichcomputecapacityandLOSforfreewaycomponents.Chapter10alsopresentsadiscussionofsimulationmodels.TheDYNEVIIsimulationmodelautomaticallyperformsthisintegrationprocess.Chapter11oftheHCM2010presentsproceduresforestimatingcapacityandLOSfor"BasicFreewaySegments".Exhibit11 17oftheHCM2010presentscapacit yvs.freespeedestimates,whichareprovidedbelow.FreeSpeed(mph):55606570+Per LaneCapacity(pc/h):2250230023502400Theinputstothesimulationmodelarehighwaygeometrics,freespeeds,andcapacitybasedonfieldobservations.Thesimulationlogiccalculatesactualtime varyingspeedsbasedondemand:capacityrelationships.Chapter12oftheHCM2010presentsproceduresforestimatingcapacity,speed,density,andLOSforfreewayweavingsections.Thesimulationmodelcontainslogicthatrelatesspeedtodemandvolume:capacityratio.ThevalueofcapacityobtainedfromthecomputationalproceduresdetailedinChapter12dependsonthe"Type"andgeometricsoftheweavingsegmentandonthe"VolumeRatio"(ratioofweavingvolumetototalvolume).Chapter13oftheHCM2010presentsproceduresforestimatingcapa citiesoframpsandof"merge"areas.Therearethreesignificantfactorstothedeterminationofcapacityofarampfreewayjunction:Thecapacityofthefreewayimmediatelydownstreamofanon ramporimmediatelyupstreamofanoff ramp;thecapacityoftheramproadway;andthemaximumflowrateenteringtherampinfluencearea.Inmostcases,thefreewaycapacityisthecontrollingfactor.ValuesofthismergeareacapacityarepresentedinExhibit13 8oftheHCM2010,anddependonthenumberoffreewaylanesandonthefreewayfreespeed.Rampcapacit yispresentedinExhibit13 10andisafunctionoftherampfreeflowspeed.TheDYNEVIIsimulationmodellogicsimulatesthemergingoperationsoftherampandfreewaytrafficinaccordwithproceduresinChapter13oftheHCM2010.Ifcongestionresultsfromanexcessofdemandrelativetocapacity,thenthemodelallocatesserviceappropriatelytothetwoenteringtrafficstreamsandproducesLOSFconditions(TheHCMdoesnotaddressLOSFexplicitly).

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation4 8KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.54.3.4 IntersectionsRef:HCMChapters18,19,20,21ProceduresforestimatingcapacityandLOSforapproachestointersectionsarepresentedinChapter18(signalizedintersections),Chapters19,20(un signalizedintersections),andChapter21(roundabouts).Thecomplexityofthesecomputationsisindicatedbytheaggregatelengthofthesechapters.TheDYNEVIIsimulationlogicislikewisecomplex.Thesimulationmodelexplicitlymodelsintersections:Stop/yieldcontrolledintersections(both2 wayandall way)andtrafficsignalcontrolledintersections.Whereintersectionsarecontrolledbyfixedtimecontrollers,trafficsignaltimingsaresettoreflectaverage(non evacuation)trafficconditions.Actuatedtrafficsignalsettingsrespondtothetime varyingdemandsofevacuationtraffictoadjusttherelativecapacitiesofthecompetingintersect ionapproaches.Themodelisalsocapableofmodelingthepresenceofmannedtrafficcontrol.Atspecificlocationswhereitisadvisableorwhereexistingplanscallforoverridingexistingtrafficcontroltoimplementmannedcontrol,themodelwilluseactuat edsignaltimingsthatreflectthepresenceoftrafficguides.Atlocationswhereaspecialtrafficcontrolstrategy(continuousleft turns,contra flowlanes)isused,thestrategyismodeledexplicitly.Whereapplicable,thelocationandtypeoftrafficcontrolfornodesintheevacuationnetworkarenotedinAppendixK.4.4 SimulationandCapacityEstimationChapter6oftheHCMisentitled,"HCMandAlternativeAnalysisTools."Thechapterdiscussestheuseofalternativetoolssuchassimulationmodelingtoevaluatetheoperationalperformanceofhighwaynetworks.AmongthereasonscitedinChapter6toconsiderusingsimulationasanalternat iveanalysistoolis:"ThesystemunderstudyinvolvesagroupofdifferentfacilitiesortravelmodeswithmutualinteractionsinvokingseveralproceduralchaptersoftheHCM.Alternativetoolsareabletoanalyzethesefacilitiesasasinglesystem."ThisstatementsuccinctlydescribestheanalysesrequiredtodeterminetrafficoperationsacrossanareaencompassinganEPZoperatingunderevacuationconditions.Themodelutilizedforthisstudy,DYNEVII,isfurtherdescribedinAppendixC.ItisessentialtorecognizethatsimulationmodelsdonotreplicatethemethodologyandproceduresoftheHCM-theyreplacetheseproceduresbydescribingthecomplexinteractionsoftrafficflowandcomputingMeasuresofEffectiveness(MOE)detailingtheoperationalperformanceoftrafficovertimeandbylocation.TheDYNEVIIsimulationmodelincludessomeHCM2010proceduresonlyforthepurposeofestimatingcapacity.Allsimulationmodelsmustbecalibratedproperlywithfieldobservationsthatquantifytheperformanceparametersapplicabletotheanalysisnetwork.Twoofthemostimportantoftheseare:(1)Freeflowspeed(FFS);and(2)saturationheadway,h sat.Thefirstoftheseis EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation4 9KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5estimatedbydirectobservationduringtheroadsurvey;thesecondisestimatedusingtheconceptsoftheHCM2010,asdescribedearlier.TheseparametersarelistedinAppendixK,foreachnetworklink.Figure4 1.FundamentalDiagrams EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.55 ESTIMATIONOFTRIPGENERATIONTIMEFederalGovernmentguidelines(seeNUREGCR 7002)specifythattheplannerestimatethedistributionsofelapsedtimesassociatedwithmobilizationactivitiesundertakenbythepublictopreparefortheevacuationtrip.Theelapsedtimeassociatedwitheachactivityisrepresentedasastatisticaldistributionreflectingdifferencesamongmembersofthepublic.Thequantificationoftheseactivity baseddistributionsrelieslargelyontheresultsofthetelephonesurvey.WedefinethesumofthesedistributionsofelapsedtimesastheTripGenerationTimeDistribution.5.1 BackgroundIngeneral,anaccidentatanuclearpowerstationischaracterizedbythefollowingEmergencyActionLevels(seeAppendix1ofNUREG0654fordetails):1. UnusualEvent2. Alert3. SiteAreaEmergency4. GeneralEmergencyAteachlevel,theFederalguidelinesspecifyasetofActionstobeundertakenbyth eLicensee,andbystateandlocaloffsiteauthorities.AsaPlanningBasis,wewilladoptaconservativeposture,inaccordancewithSection1.2ofNUREG/CR 7002,thatarapidlyescalatingaccidentwillbeconsideredincalculatingtheTripGenerationTime.Wewillassume:1. TheAdvisorytoEvacuatewillbeannouncedcoincidentwiththeemergencynotification.2. Mobilizationofthegeneralpopulationwillcommenceupto10minutesaftertheinitialnotification.3. ETEaremeasuredrelativetotheAdvisorytoEvacuate.Weemphasizethattheadoptionofthisplanningbasisisnotarepresentationthattheseeventswilloccurwithintheindicatedtimeframe.Rather,theseassumptionsarenecessaryinorderto:1. EstablishatemporalframeworkforestimatingtheTripGenerationdistributionintheformatrecommendedinSection2.13ofNUREG/CR 6863.2. Identifytemporalpointsofreferencethatuniquelydefine"ClearTime"andETE.Itislikelythatalongertimewillel apsebetweenthevariousclassesofanemergency.Forexample,supposeonehourelapsesfromthesirenalerttotheAdvisorytoEvacuate.Inthiscase,itisreasonabletoexpectsomedegreeofspontaneousevacuationbythepublicduringthisone hourperiod.Asaresult,thepopulationwithintheEPZwillbelowerwhenth eAdvisorytoEvacuateisannounced,thanatthetimeofthesirenalert.Inaddition,manywillengageinpreparationactivitiestoevacuate,inanticipationthatanAdvisorywillbebroadcast.Thus,thetimeneededtocompletethemobilizationactivitiesandthenumberofpeople EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5remainingtoevacuatetheEPZaftertheAdvisorytoEvacuate,willbothbesomewhatlessthantheestimatespresentedinthisreport.Consequently,theETEpresentedinthisreportarehigherthantheactualevacuationtime,ifthishypotheticalsituationweretotakeplace.Thenotificationprocessconsistsoftwoevents:1. TransmittinginformationusingthealertnotificationsystemsavailablewithintheEPZ(e.g.usingsirens,EASbroadcasts,loudspeakers).2. Receivingandcorrectlyinterpretingtheinformationthatistransmitted.ThegeneralpopulationwithintheEPZisdispersedoveranareaofapproximately320squaremilesandisengagedinawidevarietyofactivities.Itmustbeanticipatedthatsometimewillelapsebetweenthetransmissionandreceiptoftheinformationadvisingthepublicofanaccident.Theamountofelapsedtimewillvaryfromonei ndividualtothenextdependingonwherethatpersonis,whatthatpersonisdoing,andrelatedfactors.Furthermore,somepersonswhowillbedirectlyinvolvedwiththeevacuationprocessmaybeoutsidetheEPZatthetimetheemergencyisdeclared.Thesepeoplemaybecommuters,shoppers,andothertravelerswhoresidewithintheEPZandwhomayreturntojointheotherhouseholdmemb ersuponreceivingnotificationofanemergency.AsindicatedinSection2.13ofNUREG/CR 6863,theestimatedelapsedtimesforthereceiptofnotificationcanbeexpressedasadistributionreflectingthedifferentnotificationtimesfordifferentpeoplewithin,andoutside,theEPZ.Byusingtimedistributions,itisalsopossibletodistinguishbetweendifferentpopulationgroupsanddifferentday of weekandtime of dayscenarios,sothataccurateETEmaybecomputed.Forexample,peopleathomeoratworkwithintheEPZwillbenotifiedbysirenand/orradio(ifavailable).ThosewelloutsidetheEPZwillbenotifiedbytelephone,radio,TV,andword of mouth,withpotentiallylongertimelags.Furthermore,thespatialdistributionoftheEPZpopulationwilldifferwithtimeofdayfamilieswillbeunitedintheevenings,butdispersedduringtheday.Inthisrespect,weekendswilldifferfromweekdays.AsindicatedinSection4.1ofNUREG/CR 7002,theinformationrequiredtocomputetripgenerationtimesistypicallyobtainedfromatelephonesurveyofEPZresidents.Suchasurveywasconductedin2006aspartoftheVCSNSCOLApplication.Useofth issurveyforthe2010ETEeffortisjustifiedbythefactthatthedemographicsoftheareahavenotsignificantlychangedinthelastfiveyears;theaveragehouseholdsizecomputedfromthesurveyresultsdiffersfromthe2010Censusvaluebyabout3percent.AppendixFpresentsthesurveysamplingplan,surveyinstrument,andrawsurveyresults.Itisimportanttono tethattheshapeanddurationoftheevacuationtripmobilizationdistributionisimportantatsiteswheretrafficcongestionisnotexpectedtocausetheevacuationtimeestimatetoextendintimewellbeyondthetripgenerationperiod.Theremain ingdiscussionwillfocusontheapplicationofthetripgenerationdataobtainedfromthetelephonesurveytothedevelopmentoftheETEdocumentedinthisreport.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.55.2 FundamentalConsiderationsTheenvironmentleadinguptothetimethatpeoplebegintheirevacuationtripsconsistsofasequenceofeventsandactivities.Eachevent(otherthanthefirst)occursataninstantintimeandistheoutcomeofanactivity.Activitiesareundertakenoveraperiodoftime.Activitiesmaybein"series"(i.e.toundertakeanactivityimpliesthecompletionofallprecedingevents)ormaybeinparallel(twoormoreactivitiesmaytakeplaceoverthesameperiodoftime).Activitiesconductedinseriesarefunctionallydependentonthecom pletionofprioractivities;activitiesconductedinparallelarefunctionallyindependentofoneanother.Therelevanteventsassociatedwiththepublic'spreparationforevacuationare:EventNumberEventDescription1Notification2AwarenessofSituation3DepartWork4ArriveHome5DepartonEvacuationTripAssociatedwitheachsequenceofeventsareoneormoreactivities,asoutlinedbelow:Table5 1.EventSequenceforEvacuationActivitiesEventSequenceActivityDistribution12ReceiveNotification 123PreparetoLeaveWork 22,34TravelHome 32,45PreparetoLeavetoEvacuate 4N/ASnowClearance 5 TheserelationshipsareshowngraphicallyinFigure5 1. AnEventisa'state'thatexistsatapointintime(e.g.,departwork,arrivehome) AnActivityisa'process'thattakesplaceoversomeelapsedtime(e.g.,preparetoleavework,travelhome)Assuch,acompletedActivitychangesthe'state'ofanindividual(e.g.,theactivity,'travelhome'changesthestatefrom'departwork'to'arrivehome').Therefore,anActivitycanbedescribedasan'EventSequence';theelapsedtimestoperformaneventsequencevaryfromonepersontothenextandaredescribedasstatisticaldistributionsonthefollowingpages.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5AnemployeewholivesoutsidetheEPZwillfollowsequence(c)ofFigure5 1.AhouseholdwithintheEPZthathasoneormorecommutersatwork,andwillawaittheirreturnbeforebeginningtheevacuationtripwillfollowthefirstsequenceofFigure5 1(a).AhouseholdwithintheEPZthathasnocommutersatwork,orthatwillnotawaitthereturnofanycommuters,willfollowthesecondsequenceofFigure5 1(a),regardlessofdayofweekortimeofday.Householdswithnocommutersonweekendsorintheevening/night time,willfollowtheapplicablesequenceinFigure5 1(b).Transientswillalwaysfollowon eofthesequencesofFigure5 1(b).Sometransientsawayfromtheirresidencecouldelecttoevacuateimmediatelywithoutreturningtotheresidence,asindicatedinthesecondsequence.ItisseenfromFigure5 1,thattheTripGenerationtime(i.e.thetotalelapsedtimefromEvent1toEvent5)dependsonthescenarioandwillvaryfromonehouseholdtothenext.Furthermore,Event5depends,inacomplicatedway,onthetimedistributionsofallactivitiesprecedingthatevent.Thatis,toestimatethetimedistributionofEvent5,wemustobtainestimatesofthetimedistributionsofallprecedingevents.Forthi sstudy,weadopttheconservativeposturethatallactivitieswilloccurinsequence.Insomecases,assumingcertaineventsoccurstrictlysequential(forinstance,commuterreturninghomebeforebeginningpreparationtoleave)canresultinratherconservative(thatis,longer)estimatesofmobilizationtimes.Itisreasonabletoexpectthatatleastsomepartsoftheseeventswilloverlapformanyhouseholds,butthatassumptionisnotmadeinthisstudy.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 5KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure5 1.EventsandActivitiesPrecedingtheEvacuationTripHouseholds wait for Commuters 1 Residents 12345EVENTS 1. Notification 2. Aware of situation 3. Depart work 4. Arrive home 5. Depart on evacuation trip (a) Accident occurs during midweek, at midday; year round Households without Commuters and households who do not wait for Commuters Residents 125Residents, Transients at Residence 125 (b) Accident occurs during weekend or during the evening 2 (c) Employees who live outside the EPZ Residents, Transients away from Residence 124 5 123,5Return to residence, then evacuate Residents at home; transients evacuate directly 1 Applies for evening and weekends also if commuters are at work.

2 Applies throughout the year for transients.

ACTIVITIES 1 2 Receive Notification 2 3 Prepare to Leave Work 2, 3 4 Travel Home 2, 4 5 Prepare to Leave to Evacuate Activities Consume Time EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 6KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.55.3 EstimatedTimeDistributionsofActivitiesPrecedingEvent5Thetimedistributionofaneventisobtainedby"summing"thetimedistributionsofallpriorcontributingactivities.(This"summing"processisquitedifferentthananalgebraicsumsinceitisperformedondistributions-notscalarnumbers).TimeDistributionNo.1,NotificationProcess:Activity12Itisassumed(basedonthepresenceofsirenswithintheEPZ)that85percentofthosewithintheEPZwillbeawareoftheaccidentwithin30minuteswiththeremaindernotifiedwithinthefollowing15minutes.Thenotificationdistributionisgivenbelow:Table5 2.TimeDistributionforNotifyingthePublicElapsedTime(Minutes)PercentofPopulationNotified0 0%5 7%10 13%15 27%20 47%25 66%30 85%35 92%40 97%45 100%

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 7KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5DistributionNo.2,PreparetoLeaveWork:Activity23ItisreasonabletoexpectthatthevastmajorityofbusinessenterpriseswithintheEPZwillelecttoshutdownfollowingnotificationandmostemployeeswouldleaveworkquickly.Commuters,whoworkoutsidetheEPZcould,inallprobability,alsoleavequicklysincefacilitiesoutsidetheEPZcouldremainopenandotherpersonnelwouldremain.Personnelorfarmersresponsibleforequipment/livestockwouldrequireadditionaltimetosecuretheirfacility.ThedistributionofActivity23showninTable5 3reflectsdataobtainedbythetelephonesurvey.ThisdistributionisplottedinFigure5 2.Table5 3.TimeDistributionforEmployeestoPreparetoLeaveWorkElapsedTime(Minutes)CumulativePercentEmployeesLeavingWorkElapsedTime(Minutes)CumulativePercentEmployeesLeavingWork00%50 86%529%55 86%1040%60 96%1553%65 97%2060%70 98%2561%75 98%3075%80 99%3576%85 99%4080%90 100%4585%NOTE:Thesurveydatawasnormalizedtodistributethe"Don'tknow"response.Thatis,thesamplewasreducedinsizetoincludeonlythosehouseholdswhorespondedtothisquestion.Theunderlyingassumptionisthatthedistributionofthisactivityforthe"Don'tknow"responders,iftheeventtakesplace,wouldbethesameasthoseresponderswhoprovidedestimates.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 8KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5DistributionNo.3,TravelHome:Activity34Thesedataareprovideddirectlybythosehouseholdswhichrespondedtothetelephonesurvey.ThisdistributionisplottedinFigure5 2andlistedinTable5 4.Table5 4.TimeDistributionforCommuterstoTravelHomeElapsedTime(Minutes)CumulativePercentReturningHomeElapsedTime(Minutes)CumulativePercentReturningHome00%40 85%512%45 94%1024%50 96%1535%55 96%2052%60 98%2559%65 99%3077%75 99%3580%90 100%NOTE:Thesurveydatawasnormalizedtodistributethe"Don'tknow"response EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 9KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5DistributionNo.4,PreparetoLeaveHome:Activity2,45Thesedataareprovideddirectlybythosehouseholdswhichrespondedtothetelephonesurvey.ThisdistributionisplottedinFigure5 2andlistedinTable5 5below.Table5 5.TimeDistributionforPopulationtoPreparetoEvacuateElapsedTime(Minutes)CumulativePercentReadytoEvacuateElapsedTime(Minutes)CumulativePercentReadytoEvacuate00%70 88%510%75 91%1019%80 91%1529%85 92%2039%90 93%2550%95 93%3060%100 93%3563%105 93%4066%110 94%4569%115 95%5074%120 96%5579%125 98%6084%130 99%6586%135 100%NOTE:Thesurveydatawasnormalizedtodistributethe"Don'tknow"response EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 10KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure5 2.EvacuationMobilizationActivities0%20%40%

60%

80%100%03060901 201 5 0 PercentElapsedTimefromStartofMobilizationActivity(min)MobilizationActivitiesNotification PreparetoLeaveWork TravelHome PrepareHome EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 11KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.55.4 CalculationofTripGenerationTimeDistributionThetimedistributionsforeachofthemobilizationactivitiespresentedhereinmustbecombinedtoformtheappropriateTripGenerationDistributions.Asdiscussedabove,thisstudyassumesthatthestatedeventstakeplaceinsequencesuchthatallprecedingeventsmustbecompletedbeforethecurrenteven tcanoccur.Forexample,ifahouseholdawaitsthereturnofacommuter,thework to hometrip(Activity34)mustprecedeActivity45.Tocalculatethetimedistributionofaneventthatisdependentontwosequentialactivities,itisnecessaryto"sum"thedistributionsassociatedwiththeseprioractivities.Thedistributionsummingalgorithmisappliedrepeatedlyasshowntoformtherequireddistribution.Asanoutcomeofthisprocedure,newtimedistributionsareformed;weassign"letter"designationstotheseintermediatedistributionstodescribetheprocedure.Table5 6presentsthesummingpr oceduretoarriveateachdesignateddistribution.Table5 6.MappingDistributionstoEventsApply"Summing"AlgorithmTo:DistributionObtainedEventDefinedDistributions1and2DistributionAEvent3DistributionsAand3DistributionBEvent4DistributionsBand4DistributionCEvent5Distributions1and4DistributionDEvent5Table5 7presentsadescriptionofeachofthefinaltripgenerationdistributionsachievedafterthesummingprocessiscompleted.Table5 7.DescriptionoftheDistributionsDistributionDescriptionATimedistributionofcommutersdepartingplaceofwork(Event3).AlsoappliestoemployeeswhoworkwithintheEPZwholiveoutside,andtoTransientswithintheEPZ.BTimedistributionofcommutersarrivinghome(Event4).CTimedistributionofresidentswithcommuterswhoreturnhome,leavinghometobegintheevacuationtrip(Event5).DTimedistributionofresidentswithoutcommutersreturninghome,leavinghometobegintheevacuationtrip(Event5).

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 12KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.55.4.1 StatisticalOutliersAsalreadymentioned,someportionofthesurveyrespondentsanswer"don'tknow"tosomequestionsorchoosetonotrespondtoaquestion.Themobilizationactivitydistributionsarebaseduponactualresponses.But,itisthenatureofsurveysthatafewnumericresponsesareinconsistentwiththeoverallpatternofresults.Anexamplewouldbeacaseinwhichfor540responses,almostallofthemestimatelessthantwohoursforagivenanswer,but3say"fourhours"and4say"sixormorehours".These"outliers"mustbeconsidered:aretheyvalidresponses,orsoatypicalthattheyshouldbedroppedfromthesample?Inassessingoutliers,therearethreealternatestoconsider:1)Someresponseswithverylongtimesmaybevalid,butreflecttherealitythattherespondentreallyneedstobeclassifiedinadifferentpopulationsubgroup,baseduponspecialneeds;2)Otherresponse smaybeunrealistic(6hourstoreturnhomefromcommutingdistance,or2daystopreparethehomefordeparture);3)Somehighvaluesarerepresentativeandplausible,andonemustnotcutthemaspartoftheconsiderationofoutliers.Theissueofcourseishowtomakethedecisionthatagivenresponseorsetofresponsesaretobeconsidered"outliers"forthecomponentmobilizationactivities,usingamethodthatobjectivelyquantifiestheprocess.Thereisconsiderablestatisticalliteratureontheidentificationandtreatmentofoutlierssingularlyoringroups,muchofwhichassumesthedataisnormallydistributedandsomeofwhichusesnonparametricmethodstoavoidthatassumption.Theliteraturecitesthatlimitedworkhasbeendonedirectlyonoutliersinsamplesurveyresponses.Inestablishingtheoverallmobilizationtime/tripgenerationdistributions,thefollowingprinciplesareused:1) Itisrecognizedthattheoveralltripgenerationdistributionsareconservativeestimates,becausetheyassumeahouseholdwilldothemobilizationactivitiessequentially,withnooverlapofactivities2) Theindividualmobilizationactivities(preparetoleavework,travelhome,preparehome)arereviewedforoutliers,andthentheoveralltripgenerationdistributionsarecreated(seeFigure5 4,Table5 6,Table5 7)3) Outlierscanbeeliminatedeitherbecausetheresponsereflectsaspecialpopulation(e.g.specialneeds,transitdependent)orlackofrealism,becausethepurposeistoestimatetripgenerationpatternsforpersonalvehicles EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 13KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.54) Toeliminateoutliers,useallofthefollowing:a) themeanandstandarddeviationofthespecificactivityareestimatedfromtheresponsesb) themedianofthesamedataisestimated,withitspositionrelativetothemeannotedc) thehistogramofthedataisinspectedd) allvaluesgreaterth an3.5standarddeviationsareflaggedforattention,takingspecialnoteofwhethertherearegaps(categorieswithzeroentries)inthehistogramdisplay.Ingeneral,onlyflaggedvaluesmorethan4standarddeviationsfromthemeanareallowedtobeconsideredoutliers,withgapsinthehistogramexpected.Whe nflaggedvaluesareclassifiedasoutliersanddropped,steps"a"to"e"arerepeated.5) Asapracticalmatter,evenwithoutlierseliminatedbytheabove,theresultanthistogram,viewedasacumulativedistribution,isnotanormaldistribution.AtypicalsituationthatresultsisshownbelowinFigure5 3.6) Inparticular,thecumulativedistributiondiffersfromthenormaldistributionintwokeyaspects,bothveryimportantinloadinganetworktoestimateevacuationtimes: Mostoftherealdataistotheleftofthe"normal"curveabove,indicatingthatthenetworkloadsfasterforthefirst80 85%ofthevehicles,potentiallycausingmore(and0.0%10.0%20.0%

30.0%

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70.0%

80.0%

90.0%100.0%2.5 7.512.5 17.5 22.527.532.537.542.5 47.552.557.5 67.582.597.5112.5 CumulativePercentage(%)CenterofInterval(minutes)CumulativeData CumulativeNormalFigure5 3.ComparisonofDataDistributionandNormalDistribution EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 14KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5earlier)congestionthanotherwisemodeled Thelast10 15%oftherealdata"tailsoff"slowerthanthecomparable"normal"curve,indicatingthatthereissometrafficstillloadingatlatertimes.Becausethesetwofeaturesareimportanttopreserve,itisthehistogramofthedatathatisusedtodescribethemobilizationactivities,nota"normal"curvefittothedata.Onecouldconsiderotherdistributions,butusingtheshapeoftheactualdatacurveisunambiguousandpreservestheseimportantfeatures7) WiththemobilizationactivitieseachmodeledaccordingtoSteps1 6,includingpreservingthefeaturescitedinStep6,theoverall(ortotal)mobilizationtimesareconstructed.Thisisdonebyusingthedatasetsanddistributionsunderdifferentscenarios(e.g.commuterreturning,nocommuterreturning).Ingeneral,theseareadditive,usingweightingbasedupontheprobabilitydistributionsofeachelement;Figure5 4presentsthecombinedtripgenerationdistributionsdesignatedA,C,andD.Thesedistributionsarepresentedonthesametimescale.(Asdiscussedearlier,theuseofstrictlyadditiveactivitiesisaconservativeapproach,becauseitmakesallactivitiessequential-preparationfordeparturefollowsthereturnofthecommuter;snowclearancefollowsthepreparationfordeparture,andsoforth.Inpractice,itisreasonablethatsomeoftheseactivitiesaredoneinparallel,atleasttosomeextent-forinstance,preparationtodepartbeginsbyahouseholdmemberathomewhilethecommuterisstillontheroad.)Oncethemobilizationdistributionsarecomputed,theyarereviewedsothatwhenthecumulativedistributionreachesalevelthatfurthervehiclegenerationfromanysourcenodeislessthanonevehicle,thecumulativedistributionisadjustedasfollows:(a)Assumingthemaximumgenerationfromanysourceis2,000vehicles,thegenerationbecomeslessthanonevehiclewhenthecumulativeprobabilityisgreaterthan0.9995[thatis,F(t)>0.9995];(b)whenthisisattained,thecumulativedistributionisrescaledsothatitattains1.0000atthatpoint.Inthisway,byrescalingthecurve,thefullnumberofvehiclesaregenerated.Thenumberof2,000foranyonesourceisusedasthedefaultcondition.Thesumofgeneratedvehiclesoverallsourcescanofcourseexceed100,000ormo re.Intherarecasethatasinglesourcegeneratesmorethan2,000vehicles,thesoftwaremodelsitasmultipleconcurrentsources,eachbelow2,000vehicles.Themobilizationdistributionsthatresultareusedintheirtabular/graphicalformasdirectinputstolatercomputationsthatleadtotheETE.TheDYNEVIISystemisdesignedtoacceptvaryingratesofvehicletripgenerationforeachorigincentroid,expressedintheformofhistograms.Thesehistograms,whichrepresentDistributionsA,C,andD,properlydisplacedwithrespecttooneanother,aretabulatedinTable5 8(DistributionB,ArriveHome,omittedforclarity).Thefinaltimeperiod(13)is600minuteslong.Thistimeperiodisaddedtoallowtheanalysisnetworktoclear,intheeventcongestionpersistsbeyondthetripgenerationperiod.Notethattherearenotripsgeneratedduringthisfinaltimeperiod.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 15KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.55.4.2 StagedEvacuationTripGenerationAsdefinedinNUREG/CR 7002,stagedevacuationconsistsofthefollowing:1. PAZscomprisingthe2mileregionareadvisedtoevacuateimmediately2. PAZscomprisingregionsextendingfrom2to5milesdownwindareadvisedtoshelterin placewhilethetwomileregioniscleared3. Asvehiclesevacuatethe2mileregion,peoplewhoareshelteringfrom2to5milesdownwindcontinuepreparationforevacuation4. Thepopulationshelteringinthe2to5mileregionareadvisedtobeginevacuatingwhenapproximately90%ofthosepeopleoriginallywithinthe2mileregionevacuateacr ossthe2mileregionboundary5. Non compliancewiththeshelterrecommendationisthesameastheshadowevacuationpercentageof20%Assumptions1. TheEPZpopulationinPAZsbeyond5mileswillreactasdoesthepopulationinthe2to5mileregion;thatis,theywillfirstshelter,thenevacuateafterthe90 thpercentileETEforthe2mileregion.2. ThepopulationintheshadowregionbeyondtheEPZboundary,extendingtoapproximately15milesradiallyfromtheplant,willreactastheydoforallnonstagedevacuationscenarios.Thatis20%ofthesehouseholdswillelecttoevacuatewithnoshelterdelay.3. Thetransientpopulationwillnotbeexpectedtostagetheirevacuationbecauseofthelimitedshelteringoption savailabletopeoplewhomaybeatparks,onabeach,orothervenues.Also,notifyingthetransientpopulationofastagedevacuationwouldprovedifficult.4. Employeeswillalsobeassumedtoevacuatewithoutstagin gProcedure1. Tripgenerationforpopulationgroupsinthe2mileregionwillbeascomputedbasedupontheresultsofthetelephonesurveyandanalysis.2. Tripgenerationforthepopulationsubjecttostagedevacuationwillbeformulatedasfollows:a. Identifythe90 thpercentileevacuationtimeforthePAZscomprisingthetwomileregion.Thisvalue,T Scen*,obtainedfromsimulationresultsisscenario specific.Itwillbecomethetimeatwhichtheregionbeingshelteredwillbetoldtoevacuateforeachscenario.b. Theresultanttripgenerationcurvesforstagingarethenformedasfollows:i. Thenonsheltertripgenerationcurveisfolloweduntilamaximumof20%ofthetotaltrip saregenerated(toaccountforshelternon compliance).

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 16KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5ii. NoadditionaltripsaregenerateduntiltimeT Scen*iii. FollowingtimeT Scen*,thebalanceoftripsaregenerated:1. bysteppingupandthenfollowingthenon sheltertripgenerationcurve(ifTScen*is<maxtripgenerationtime)or2. bysteppingupto100%(ifT Scen*is>maxtripgenerationtime)c. Note:Thisprocedureimpliesthattheremaybedifferentstagedtripgenerationdistributionsfordifferentscenarios.NUREG/CR 7002usesthestatement"approximately90 thpercentile"asthetimetoendstagingandbeginevacuating.ThevalueofTScen*issimilarformanyscenarios(seeTable7 1A)andconsequentlyasingle[representative]valueisusedforallstagedevacuationcases.3. Stagedtripgenerationdistributionsarecreatedforthefollowingpopulationgroups:a. Residentswithreturningcommutersb. ResidentswithoutreturningcommutersFigure5 5presentsthestagedtripgenerationdistributionsforbothresidentswithandwithoutreturningcommuters;the90 thpercentiletwo mileevacuationtimeis95minutes,onaverage.Atthe90 thpercentileevacuationtime(T Scen*),approximately9percentofthehouseholdswithreturningcommutersand18percentofthehouseholdswithoutreturningcommuterswhowereadvisedtoshelterhaveneverthelessdepartedthearea;thesearethepeoplewhodonotcomplywiththeshelteradvisory.Alsoincludedontheplotarethetripgenerationdistributionsforthesegroupsasappl iedtotheregionsadvisedtoevacuateimmediately.Sincethe90 thpercentileevacuationtimeforthe2 mileRegionoccursbeforetheendofthetripgenerationperiod,thesheltertripgenerationdistributionrisestomeetthebalanceofthenon stagedtripgenerationdistribution.FollowingtimeTScen*,thebalanceofstagedevacuationtripsthatarereadytodepartarereleasedwithin15minutes.AfterTScen*+15,theremainderofevacuationtripsaregeneratedinaccordancewiththeunstagedtripgenerationdistribution.Table5 9providesthetripgenerationforstagedevacuation.5.4.3 TripGenerationforWaterwaysandRecreationalAreasPart3 1 2oftheSouthCarolinaOperationalRadiologicalEmergencyResponsePlan(August2009)statesthattheSouthCarolinaDepartmentofNaturalResources(SCDNR)willalertpersonsboatingorfishingonLakeMonticelloalongportionsoftheBroadRiver.SCDNRofficerswillinitiatealertandclearingeffortsonthelakeandriverasneeded.AsindicatedinTable5 2,thisstudyassumes100%notificationin45minutes.Table5 8indicatesth atalltransientswillhavemobilizedwithin2hours.Itisassumedthatthis2hourtimeframeissufficienttimeforboaters,campers,andothertransientstoreturntotheirvehiclesandbegintheirevacuationtrip.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 17KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure5 4.ComparisonofTripGenerationDistributions0 20 40 60 801000306090120150180210240270300

%ofPopulationEvacuatingElapsedTimefromEvacuatingAdvisory(min)MobilizationActivitiesEmployees/TransientsResidentswithCommutersResidentswithnoCommuters EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 18KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table5 8.TripGenerationHistogramsfortheEPZPopulationTimePeriodDuration(Min)PercentofTotalTripsGeneratedWithinIndicatedTimePeriodEmployees(DistributionA)Transients(DistributionA)ResidentswithCommuters(DistributionC)ResidentsWithoutCommuters(DistributionD)1155 5 0 2 21524 24 0 14 31530 30 3 26 41518 18 7 21 51510 10 13 13 6159 9 15 10 7153 3 15 5 8151 1 14 2 9300 0 17 5 10300 0 9 2 11600 0 6 0 12450 0 1 0 136000 0 0 0Notes: Shadowvehiclesareloadedontotheanalysisnetwork(Figure1 2)usingDistributionC SpecialeventvehiclesareloadedusingDistributionA.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 19KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table5 9.TripGenerationHistogramsfortheEPZPopulationinthe2 5MileRegionforaStagedEvacuationTimePeriodDuration(Min)PercentofTotalTripsGeneratedWithinIndicatedTimePeriodinthe2 5MileRegionforaStagedEvacuationEmployees(DistributionA)Transients(DistributionA)ResidentswithCommuters(DistributionC)ResidentsWithoutCommuters(DistributionD)1155 5 0 0 21524 24 0 3 31530 30 1 5 41518 18 1 5 51510 10 3 2 6159 9 3 2 7153 3 34 50 8151 1 25 26 9300 0 17 5 10300 0 9 2 11600 0 6 0 12450 0 1 0 136000 0 0 0*TripGenerationforEmployeesandTransients(seeTable5 8)isthesameforUnstagedandStagedEvacuation.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation5 20KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure5 5.ComparisonofStagedandUnstagedTripGenerationDistributionsinthe2 5MileRegion0 20 40 60 801000306090120150180210240270300

%ofPopulationEvacuatingElapsedTimefromEvacuationAdvisory(min)StagedandUnstagedEvacuationTripGeneration Employees/TransientsResidentswithCommutersResidentswithnoCommutersStagedResidentswithCommutersStagedResidentswithnoCommuters EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation6 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.56 DEMANDESTIMATIONFOREVACUATIONSCENARIOSAnevacuation"case"definesacombinationofEvacuationRegionandEvacuationScenario.Thedefinitionsof"Region"and"Scenario"areasfollows:RegionAgroupingofcontiguousProtectiveActionZones(PAZ),thatformseithera"keyhole"sector basedarea,oracircularareawithintheEPZ,thatmustbeevacuatedinresponsetoaradiologicalemergency.ScenarioAcombinationofcircumstances,includingtimeofday,dayofweek,season,andweatherconditions.Scenariosdefinethenumberofpeopleineachoftheaffectedpopulationgroupsandtheirrespectivemobilizationtimedistributions.Atotalof30Regionsweredefinedwhichen compassallthegroupingsofPAZsconsidered.TheseRegionsaredefinedinTable6 1.ThePAZconfigurationsareidentifiedinFigure6 1.Eachkeyholesector basedareaconsistsofacentralcirclecenteredattheVCSNSSite,andthreeadjoiningsectors,eachwithacentralangleof22.5degrees,asperNUREG/CR 7002guidance.Thece ntralsectorcoincideswiththewinddirection.Thesesectorsextendto5milesdownwind(RegionsR04throughR11)ortotheEPZboundary(RegionsR12throughR21)fromtheVCSNSSite.RegionsR01,R02,andR03representevacuationsofthe2 mileregion,5 mileregion,andtheentireEPZ,respectively.RegionsR22throughR30aregeographicallyidenticaltoRegionsR02andRegionsR04throughR11,respectively;however,thosesubareasbetween2milesand5milesarestageduntil90%ofthe2 mileregion(RegionR01)hasevacuated.Atotalof14ScenarioswereevaluatedforallRe gions.Thus,thereareatotalof14x30=420evacuationcases.Table6 2isadescriptionofallScenarios.Eachcombinationofregionandscenarioimpliesaspecificpopulationtobeevacuated.Table6 3presentsthepercentageofeachpopulationgroupassumedtoevacuateforeachscenario.Table6 4presentsthevehiclecountsforeachscenarioforanevacuationofRegionR03-theentireEPZ.ThevehicleestimatespresentedinSection3are"peakvalues".Thesepeakvaluesareadjusteddependingonthescenarioandregionbeingconsideredusingthescenario specificpercentagespresentedinTable6 3andtheregionalpercentagesprovidedinTableH 1.ThepercentagespresentedinTable6 3weredeterminedasfollows:Thenumberofresidentswithcommutersduringtheweek(whenworkforceisatitspeak)isequaltotheproductof67%(thenumberofho useholdswithatleastonecommuter)and78%(thenumberofhouseholdswithacommuterwhowouldawaitthereturnofthecommuterpriortoevacuating).Seeassumption4inSection2.3.Itisassumedforweekendandeveningscenariosthat10%ofhouseholdswithcommuterswillhaveacommuteratworkduringthosetimes.Employmentisassumedtobeatitspeakduringthewinter,midweek,middayscenarios.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation6 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Employmentisreducedslightly(96%)forsummer,midweek,middayscenarios.Thisisbasedontheassumptionthat50%oftheemployeescommutingintotheEPZwillbeonvacationforaweekduringtheapproximate12weeksofsummer.Itisfurtherassumedthatthosetakingvacationwillbeuniformlydispersedthroughoutthesummerwithapproximately4%ofemployeesvacationingeachweek.BasedondiscussionswithVCSNSpersonnel,theeveningandweekendemploymentattheexistingVCSNSSiteisapproximately10%and75%oftheweekdayemployment,respectively.AsshowninTableE 3,SCE&GisthelargestemployerintheEPZ;thereforethevalueof10%ofemploymentineveningsand75%ofemploymentonweekendshasbeenappliedtotheEPZasawhole.Transientactivityisassumedtobeatitspeak(100%)duringsummerweekendsandless(25%)duringtheweek.Transientactivityisassumedtobelowduringeveninghours-10%forsummeran d3%forwinter.Transientactivityonwinterweekendsisassumedtobe25%.Transientactivityduringwinterweekdaysisassumedtobe25%ofthetransientactivityonsummerweekends(25%),whichequatestoapproximately6%.AsnotedintheshadowfootnotetoTable6 3,theshadowpercentagesarecomputedusingabaseof20%(seeassumption5inSection2.2)voluntaryevacuationmultipliedbyascenario specificproportionofemployeestopermanentresidentsintheshadowregion.Forexample,usingthevaluesprovidedinTable6 3forScenario1,theshadowpercentageiscomputedasfollows:Onespecialeventwasconsidered:theconstructionofUnits2and3attheVCSNSSitecoincidentwithanoutageatUnit1.Thus,thespecialeventtrafficis100%oftheadditionalconstructionandcontractoutageworkersonsiteevacuatedforScenario13and0%forallotherscenarios.Theroadwa yimpactscenario(Scenario14)assumesthattheavailablecapacityalongasectionoftheeastboundI 26interstatehighwaytraversingtheEPZthroughLexingtonCountywouldbereducedbyclosingasinglelane.Thus,thepercentagesforthisscenarioarethesameasforScenario1.Itisassumedthatsummerschoolenrollmentisapproximately10%ofenrollmentduringtheregularschoolyearforsummer,midweek,middayscenarios.Schoolisno tinsessionduringweekendsandevening,thusnobusestoevacuateschoolchildrenareneededunderthosecircumstances.AsdiscussedinSection7,schoolsareassumedtobeinsessionduringthewinterseason,midweek,midd ayand100%ofbuseswillbeneededunderthosecircumstances.Transitbusesforthetransit dependentpopulationaresetto100%forallscenariosasitisassumedthatthetransit dependentpopulationispresentintheEPZforallscenarios.Externalexternaltrafficisassumedtoberedu cedto40%duringtheeveningscenariosandis100%forallotherscenarios.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation6 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table6 1.DescriptionofEvacuationRegionsRegionDescriptionProtectiveActionZoneA 0A 1A 2B 1B 2C 1C 2D 1D 2E 1E 2F 1F 2R012 MileRingXR025 MileRingXXXXXXR03FullEPZXXXXXXXXXXXXXEvacuate2MileRadiusandDownwindto5MilesRegionWindDirectionFromProtectiveActionZoneA 0A 1A 2B 1B 2C 1C 2D 1D 2E 1E 2F 1F 2R04S,SSWXXXR05SW,WSWXXXXR06WXXXR07WNW,NWXXR08NNW,NXXXR09NNE,NEXXR10ENE,EXXXR11ESE,SE,SSEXXXEvacuate5MileRadiusandDownwindtotheEPZBoundaryRegionWindDirectionFrom:ProtectiveActionZoneA 0A 1A 2B 1B 2C 1C 2D 1D 2E 1E 2F 1F 2R12SXXXXXXXR13SSW,SWXXXXXXXXR14WSW,WXXXXXXXXR15WNW,NWXXXXXXXXR16NNWXXXXXXXXXR17N,NNEXXXXXXXXXR18NEXXXXXXXXXR19ENE,EXXXXXXXXR20ESEXXXXXXXShelter in Placeuntil90%ETEforR01,thenEvacuatePAZ(s)Shelter in Place PAZ(s)Evacuate EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation6 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table6 1(Continuedfromabove)StagedEvacuation2 MileRadiusEvacuates,thenEvacuateDownwindto5MilesRegionWindDirectionFrom:ProtectiveActionZoneA 0A 1A 2B 1B 2C 1C 2D 1D 2E 1E 2F 1F 2R225 MileRingXXXXXXR23S,SSWXXXR24SW,WSWXXXXR25WXXXR26WNW,NWXXR27NNW,NXXXR28NNE,NEXXR29ENE,EXXXR30ESE,SE,SSEXXXShelter in Placeuntil90%ETEforR01,thenEvacuatePAZ(s)Shelter in PlacePAZ(s)Evacuate EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation6 5KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure6 1.VCSNSEPZProtectiveActionZones EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation6 6KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table6 2.EvacuationScenarioDefinitionsScenarioSeason 1DayofWeekTimeofDayWeatherSpecial1SummerMidweek MiddayGood None2SummerMidweek Midday Rain None3SummerWeekend MiddayGood None4SummerWeekend Midday Rain None5SummerMidweek,WeekendEveningGoodNone6WinterMidweek MiddayGood None7WinterMidweek Midday Rain None8WinterMidweek Midday Ice None9WinterWeekend MiddayGood None10WinterWeekend Midday Rain None11WinterWeekend Midday Ice None12WinterMidweek,WeekendEveningGoodNone13WinterMidweekMiddayGoodConstructionofVCSNSUnits2and314SummerMidweekMiddayGoodRoadwayImpact-LaneClosureonI 26Eastbound1 Winterassumesthatschoolisinsession(alsoappliestospringandautumn).Summerassumesthatschoolisnotinsession.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation6 7KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table6 3.PercentofPopulationGroupsEvacuatingforVariousScenariosScenarioHouseholdsWithReturningCommutersHouseholdsWithoutReturningCommutersEmployees TransientsShadowSpecialEventsSchoolBusesTransitBusesExternalThroughTraffic152%48%96%25%23%0%10%100%100%

252%48%96%25%23%0%10%100%100%

310%90%75%100%22%0%0%100%100%

410%90%75%100%22%0%0%100%100%

510%90%10%10%20%0%0%100%40%

652%48%100%6%23%0%100%100%100%

752%48%100%6%23%0%100%100%100%

852%48%100%6%23%0%100%100%100%

910%90%75%25%22%0%0%100%100%

1010%90%75%25%22%0%0%100%100%

1110%90%75%25%22%0%0%100%100%

1210%90%10%3%20%0%0%100%40%

1352%48%100%6%23%100%100%100%100%

1452%48%96%25%23%0%10%100%100%

ResidentHouseholdswithCommuters.......HouseholdsofEPZresidentswhoawaitthereturnofcommuterspriortobeginningtheevacuationtrip.ResidentHouseholdswithNoCommuters..HouseholdsofEPZresidentswhodonothavecommutersorwillnotawaitthereturnofcommuterspriortobeginningtheevacuationtrip.Employees..................................................EPZemployeeswholiveoutsidetheEPZTransients..................................................PeoplewhoareintheEPZatthetimeofanaccidentforrecreationalorother(nonemployment)purposes.Shadow......................................................Resid entsandemployeesintheshadowregion(outsideoftheEPZ)whowillspontaneouslydecidetorelocateduringtheevacuation.Thebasisforthevaluesshownisa20%relocationofshadowresidentsalongwithaproportionalpercentageofshadowemployees.SpecialEvents............................................AdditionalvehiclesintheEPZduetotheidentifiedspecialevent.SchoolandTransitBuses............................Vehicleequivalentspresentontheroadduringevacuationservicingschoolsandtransitdependentpeople(1busisequivalentto2passengervehicles).ExternalThroughTraffic.............................Trafficoninterstates/freewaysandmajorarterialroadsatthestartoftheevacuation.Thistrafficisstoppedbyaccesscontrolapproximately2hoursaftertheevacuationbegins.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation6 8KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table6 4.VehicleEstimatesbyScenarioScenariosResidentswithCommutersResidentswithoutCommutersEmployees Transients Shadow SpecialEventsSchoolBusesTransitBusesExternalTrafficTotalScenarioVehicles 14,0793,8131,097136,545201810,68726,27224,0793,8131,097136,545201810,68726,27234087,484857536,3711810,68725,87844087,484857536,3711810,68725,87854087,48411455,830184,27518,13464,0793,8131,14336,5792041810,68726,52674,0793,8131,14336,5792041810,68726,52684,0793,8131,14336,5792041810,68726,52694087,484857136,3711810,68725,838104087,484857136,3711810,68725,838114087,484857136,3711810,68725,838124087,48411415,830184,27518,130134,3774,0841,14336,6744,1582041810,68731,348144,0793,8131,097136,545201810,68726,272NoteNotes:VehicleestimatesareforanevacuationoftheentireEPZ(RegionR03)Scenario13takesplaceinthefourthquarterof2014.PopulationgrowthrateshavebeenappliedtoextrapolatepermanentresidentandshadowvehiclesforthisscenarioSeeSection3.7foradditionalinformation.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.57 GENERALPOPULATIONEVACUATIONTIMEESTIMATES(ETE)ThissectionpresentsthecurrentETEresultsofthecomputeranalysesusingtheDYNEVIISystemdescribedinAppendicesB,C,andD.Theseresultscover30regionswithintheVCSNSEPZandthe14EvacuationScenariosdiscussedinSection6.TheETEforallEvacuatio nCasesarepresentedinTable7 1andTable7 2.ThesetablespresenttheestimatedtimestocleartheindicatedpopulationpercentagesfromtheEvacuationRegionsforallEvacuationScenarios.TheETEofthe2 mileregioninbothstagedandunstagedregionsarepresentedinTable7 3andTabl e7 4.Table7 5definestheEvacuationRegionsconsidered.ThetabulatedvaluesofETEareobtainedfromtheDYNEVIISystemoutputswhicharegeneratedat5 minuteintervals.7.1 VoluntaryEvacuationandShadowEvacuation"Voluntaryevacuees"arepeoplewithintheEPZinPAZsforwhichanAdvisorytoEvacuatehasnotbeenissued,yetwhoelecttoevacuate."Shadowevacuation"isthevoluntaryoutwardmovementofsomepeoplefromtheShadowRegion(outsidetheEPZ)forwhomnoprotectiveactionrecommendatio nhasbeenissued.Bothvoluntaryandshadowevacuationsareassumedtotakeplaceoverthesametimeframeastheevacuationfromwithinth eimpactedEvacuationRegion.TheETEfortheVCSNSEPZaddressestheissueofvoluntaryevacueesinthemannershowninFigure7 1.WithintheEPZ,20percentofpeoplelocatedinPAZsoutsideoftheevacuationregionwhoarenotadvisedtoevacuate,areassumedtoelecttoevacuate.Similarly,itisassumedthat20percentofthepeopleintheShadowRegionwillalsochoosetoleavethearea.Figure7 2presentstheareaidentifiedastheShadowRegion.ThisregionextendsradiallyfromtheplanttocoveraregionbetweentheEPZboundaryandapproximately15miles.ThepopulationandnumberofevacuatingvehiclesintheShadowRegionwereestimatedusingthesamemethodologyusedforpermanentresidentswithintheEPZ(seeSection3.1).AsdiscussedinSection3.2,itisestimatedthatatotalof51,663peopl eresideintheShadowRegion;20percent(10,333residents)ofthemwouldevacuate.SeeTable6 4forthenumberofevacuatingvehiclesfromtheShadowRegion.TrafficgeneratedwithinthisShadowRegion,travelingawayfromtheVCSNSlocation,hasapotentialforimpedingevacuatingvehiclesfromwithintheEvacuationRegion.AllETEcalculationsincludethisshadowtrafficmovement.7.2 StagedEvacuationAsdefinedinNUREG/CR 7002,stagedevacuationconsistsofthefollowing:1. PAZscomprisingthe2mileregionareadvisedtoevacuateimmediately2. PAZscomprisingregionsextendingfrom2to5milesdownwindareadvisedtoshelterin placewhilethetwomileregioniscleared EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.53. Asvehiclesevacuatethe2mileregion,peoplefrom2to5milesdownwindcontinuepreparationforevacuationwhiletheyshelter4. Thepopulationshelteringinthe2to5mileregionisadvisedtobeginevacuatingwhenapproximately90%ofthe2mileregionevacuatingtrafficcrossesthe2mileregionboundary5. Non compliancewiththeshelterrecommendationisthesameastheshadowevacuationpercentageof20%SeeSection5.4.2foradditionalinformationonstagedevacuation.7.3 PatternsofTrafficCongestionduringEvacuationFigure7 3andFigure7 4illustratethepatternsoftrafficcongestion(orabsenceofcongestion)thatariseforthecasewhentheentireEPZ(RegionR03)isadvisedtoevacuateduringthesummer,midweek,middayperiodundergoodweatherconditions(Scenario1).Trafficcongestion,asthetermisusedhere,isdefinedasLevelofService(LOS)F.LOSFisdefinedasfollows(HCM2010,page5 5):TheHCMus esLOSFtodefineoperationsthathaveeitherbrokendown(i.e.,demandexceedscapacity)orhaveexceededaspecifiedservicemeasurevalue,orcombinationofservicemeasurevalues,thatmostuserswouldconsiderunsatisfactory.However,particularlyforplanningapplicationswheredifferentalternativesmaybecompared,analystsmaybeinterestedinknowingjusthowbadtheLOSFconditionis.Severalmeasuresareavailabletodescribeindividually,orincombination,theseverityofaLOSFcondition:*Demand to capacityratiosdescribetheextenttowhichcapacityisexceededduringtheanalysisperiod(e.g.,by1%,15%,etc.);*DurationofLOSFdescribeshowlongtheconditionpersists(e.g.,15min,1h,3h);and*SpatialextentmeasuresdescribetheareasaffectedbyLOSFconditions.Theseincludemeasuressuchasthebackofqueue,andtheidentificationofthespecificintersectionapproachesorsystemel ementsexperiencingLOSFconditions.Allhighway"links"whichexperienceLOSFaredelineatedinthesefiguresbyaredline;allothersarelightlyindicated.LittletonocongestionexistswithintheEPZduringtheevacuation.AsshowninFigure7 3,at1:15aftertheAdvisorytoEvacuate(ATE),somecongestionisevidentoneastboundUSHighway76inth evicinityofColumbiawithintheShadowRegion,about15milesfromVCSNS.WithintheEPZ,I 26operatesatLOSBexceptforasectionexitingthewestoftheEPZ,whichoperatesatLOSC.Atwomil esectionofUS76exitingthewestoftheEPZoperatesataLOSBatthistime.StateHighway215experiencessomecongestionwithintheShadowRegionsoutheastoftheplant;itoperatesatLOSB.MostoftheotherhighwaysectionsoperateatLOSA.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure7 4,at2:15aftertheATE,indicatesthatthehighwayswithintheShadowRegionnorthofColumbiaoperateatLOSBandC.Thecongestioninthestudyareaclearsby2:50aftertheATE.ThesectionsofI 26exitingtheEPZontheeastandwest,respectively,operateatLOSB.AllotherhighwaysectionsoperateatLOSA.Allhighwaysectionsat4:45aftertheATEwhichmarksth econclusionofthetripgenerationactivity(SeeSection5)areeffectivelyclearoftraffic.Thus,theETEforthe100 thpercentileevacuationisdictatedbythetripgenerationtime.The90 thpercentileETEshouldbeconsideredwhenmakingprotectiveactiondecisions,asspecifiedinNUREG/CR 7002.Apublicoutreach(information)programtoemphasizetheadvisabilityforevacueestominimizethetimeneededtopreparetoevacuate(securethehome,assembleneededclothes,medicines,etc.)shouldbeconsidered.7.4 EvacuationRatesEvacuationisacontinuousprocess,asimpliedbyFigure7 5throughFigure7 18.Th esefiguresindicatetherateatwhichtrafficflowsoutoftheindicatedareasforthecaseofanevacuationofthefullEPZ(RegionR03)undertheindicatedconditions.Onefigureispresentedforeachscenarioconsidered.AsindicatedinFigure7 5,thereistypicallyalong"tail"tothesedistributions.Vehiclesbegintoevacuateanareaslowlyatfirst,aspeoplerespondtotheATEatdifferentrates.Thentrafficdemandbuildsrapidly(slopesofcurvesincrease).Ifthesystembecomescongested,trafficexitstheEPZatratessomewhatbelowcapacityuntilsomeevacuationrouteshavecleared.Asmoreroutesclear,theaggregaterateofegressslowssincemanyvehicleshavealreadylefttheEPZ.Towardstheendoftheprocess,relativelyfewevacuationroutesservicetheremainingdemand.Thisdeclineinaggregateflowrate,towardstheendoftheprocess,ischaracterizedbythesecurvesflatteningandgraduallybecominghorizontal.Ideally,itwouldbedesirabletofullysaturateallevacuationroutesequallysothatallwillservicetrafficnearcapacitylevelsandallwillclearatthesametime.Forthisidealsituation,allcurveswouldretainthesameslopeunti ltheend-thusminimizingevacuationtime.Inreality,thisidealisgenerallyunattainablereflectingthespatialvariationinpopulationdensity,mobilizationratesandinhighwaycapacityovertheEPZ.TheVCSNSETEunderallconditionsisdictatedbythetripmobilizationtime.ThetrafficcongestionshowninFigure7 3andFigure7 4isnotmaterial.Generallytripsaregeneratedovera4hour45minut eperiod(seeTable58).Consequentlythe100 thpercentileevacuationtimeisreflectiveofthisvalue.TheentireEPZ(100 thpercentile)isevacuatedinunder5hours.7.5 EvacuationTimeEstimate(ETE)ResultsTable7 1andTable7 2presenttheETEvaluesforall30EvacuationRegionsandall14EvacuationScenarios.Table7 3andTable7 4presenttheETEvaluesforthe2Mileregionforbothstagedandun staged(i.e.,concurrentevacuation)evacuationofthe2to5mileregions.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Theyareorganizedasfollows:TableContents 7 1ETErepresentstheelapsedtimerequiredfor90percentofthepopulationwithinaRegion,toevacuatefromthatRegion.AllScenariosareconsidered,aswellasStagedEvacuationscenarios.7 2ETErepresentstheelapsedtimerequiredfor100percentofthepopulationwithinaRegion,toevacuatefromthatRegion.AllScenariosareconsidered,aswellasStagedEvacuationscenarios.7 3ETErepresentstheelapsedtimerequiredfor90percentofthepopulationwithinthe2 mileRegion,toevacuatefromthatRegionwithbothConcurrentandStagedEvacuations.7 4ETErepresentstheelapsedtimerequiredfor100percentofthepopulationwithinthe2 mileRegion,toevacuatefromthatRegionwithbothConcurrentandStagedEvacuations.

TheVCSNSETEunderallconditionsreflectsthetripmobilizationtime.TrafficcongestionoccursonlywithinasmallportionoftheShadowRegionanditdissipatesafterashortinterval,wellbeforetheendofthetripgenerationprocess.Generally,tripsaregeneratedwithina4hour45minutesperiodaftertheATEforallweatherconditions(seeTable5 8).Consequentlythe100 thpercentileevacuationtimerepresentsthisvalue.TheentireEPZisevacuatedinjustunder5hoursundergoodweather,rain,andiceconditions.ComparisonofScenarios6and13inTable7 1indicatesthattheSpecialEvent-constructionofUnits2and3atVCSNSin2014-hasaslightlyshorter90 thpercentileETEfortheentireEPZ.The90 thpercentileETEforthe2 mileregion(RegionR01)isslightlylongerbecauseoftheadditional4,158constructionvehiclesevacuatingfromtheVCSNSSite.TheadditionalVCSNSconstructionemployeetrafficinPAZA 0mobilizesmorequicklythantheresidentpopulation(seeFigure5 4).Asaresult,giventhis"front loading"ofconstructionemployeeevacuationtripsandth eabsenceofcongestionwithintheEPZevenwiththisadditionaltraffic,the90 thpercentileETEforthe5 milering(RegionR02)andtheentireEPZ(RegionR03)isshorterforScenario13thantheETEshownforScenario6.The100 thpercentileETEareunaffectedbythespecialevent.ComparisonofScenarios1and14inTable7 1andinTable7 2indicatesthatthelaneclosure-onelaneeastboundonI 26inLexingtonCounty-doesnothaveamaterialimpactonthe90 thor100 thpercentileETE.Whilestateandlocalpolicecouldconsidertrafficmanagementtacticssuchasusingtheshoulderoftheroadwayasatravellaneorre routingtrafficalongotherevacuationroutes,suchtacticswerenotconsideredinScenario14,andlikelywouldnotbeneededasETEarenotimpactedbythelaneclos ure.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 5KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.57.6 StagedEvacuationResultsTable7 3andTable7 4presentasummaryofthestagedevacuationresults.RegionsR22throughR30aregeographicallyidenticaltoRegionsR02andRegionsR04throughR11,respectively;however,thosesubareasbetween2milesand5milesarestageduntil90%ofthe2 mileregion(RegionR01)hasevacuated.ThesetablespresenttheETEforthe2mileRegion,R01,wheneachoftheindicatedregionsextendingto5miles,areevacuated.Forexample,theresultspresentedforRegionR22inTable7 3andTable7 4,indicatetheETEforRegionR01,giventhataSHELTERAd visory,followedbyanATE(stagedevacuation),isissuedforthosePAZsbetween2and5mileswithinRegion22(geographicallyequivalenttoRegion02).Todeterminewhetherthestagedevacuationstrategyisworthyofconsideration,onemustshowthattheETE(showninTable7 3andTable7 4)forthe2Mileregion(R01)canbemateriallyreducedwit houtsignificantlyaffectingtheETEfortheregionswhereinthe2-mileradiusand5milesdownwindareevacuated.Inallcases,asshowninthesetables,theETEforthis2mileregionshowslittlematerialchangewhenastagedevacuationisimplemented.Thisresultreflectstheabsenceofcongestionwhentheevacuationisconcurrent(i.e.,notstaged).Thus,stagingtheevacuationprovidesnobenefitstoevacueesfromwithinthe2mileregion.However,acomparisonof90 thpercentileETElistedinTable7 1betweenRegionsR22andR02,betweenRegionsR23andR04,-,andbetweenRegionsR30andR11revealsthatthetimespentshelteringthepopulationinthe2 5mileregions,couldincreasetheirETEbyupto20minutes.Thusstagingtheevacuationcouldincreas ethe90 thpercentileETEforthosewithinthe2 5mileregionsbyamodestamount.Therearenodifferencesin100 thpercentileETEduetostaging,sincetheseETEreflectonlymobilizationtime,whichisunaffectedbystagingtheevacuation.Insummary,thestagedevacuationoptionprovideslittlematerialbenefittothosepeoplewithinthe2 mileregion,whileadverselyimpactingevacueeslocatedbeyond2milesfromtheplant.7.7 GuidanceonUsingETETablesTheuserfirstdeterminesthepercentileofpopulationforwhichtheETEissought.(TheNR Ccallsforthe90 thpercentile).TheapplicablevalueofETEwithinthechosentablemaythenbeidentifiedusingthefollowingprocedure:1. IdentifytheapplicableScenario:* Season Summer Winter(alsoAutumnandSpring)* DayofWeek Midweek Weekend* TimeofDay Midday EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 6KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5 Evening* WeatherCondition GoodWeather Rain Ice* SpecialEvent VCSNSConstructionofUnits2and3andOutageatUnit1 RoadImpact(alaneonI 26eastboundisclosed)* EvacuationStagingfora5 mileevacuation No,StagedEvacuationisnotconsidered Yes,StagedEvacuationisconsideredWhilethes eScenariosaredesigned,inaggregate,torepresentconditionsthroughouttheyear,somefurtherclarificationiswarranted:* Theconditionsofasummerevening(eithermidweekorweekend)andrainarenotexplicitlyidentifiedintheTables.Fortheseconditions,Scenarios(2)and(4)apply.* Theconditionsofawi nterevening(eithermidweekorweekend)andrainarenotexplicitlyidentifiedintheTables.Fortheseconditions,Scenarios(7)and(10)forrainapply.* Theconditionsofawinterevening(eithermidweekorweekend)andicearenotexplicitlyidentifiedintheTables.Fortheseconditions,Scenarios(8)and(11)foriceapply.* Theseasonsaredefinedasfollows: Summerassumesthatpublicschoolsarenotinsession. Winter(includesSpringandAutumn)considersthatpublicschoolsareinsession.* TimeofDay:Middayimpliesthetimeoverwhichmostcommutersareatworkoraretravelin gto/fromwork.2. WiththedesiredpercentileETEandScenarioidentified,nowidentifytheEvacuationRegion:* Determinetheprojectedazimuthdirectionoftheplume(coincidentwiththewinddirection).Thisdirectionisexpressedintermsofcompassorientation:fromN,NNE,NE,-* DeterminethedistancethattheEvacuationRegionwillextendfromthenuclearpowerplant.Theapplic abledistancesandtheirassociatedcandidateRegionsaregivenbelow: 2Miles(RegionR01) 5Miles(RegionsR02,R04throughR11) toEPZBoundary(RegionsR03,R12throughR21)* EnterTable7 5andidentifytheap plicablegroupofcandidateRegionsbasedonthedistancethattheselectedRegionextendsfromtheVCSNSSite.SelecttheEvacuationRegionidentifierinthatrow,basedontheazimuthdirectionoftheplume,fromthefirstcolumnofthetable.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 7KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.53. DeterminetheETETablebasedonthepercentileselected.Then,fortheScenarioidentifiedinStep1andtheRegionidentifiedinStep2,asfollows:* ThecolumnsofTable7 1arelabeledwiththeScenarionumbers.IdentifythepropercolumnintheselectedtableusingtheScenarionumberdeterminedinStep1* Identifytherowinthi stablethatprovidesETEvaluesfortheRegionidentifiedinStep2* TheuniquedatacelldefinedbythecolumnandrowsodeterminedcontainsthedesiredvalueofETEexpressedinHours:MinutesExampleItisdesiredtoidentifytheETEforthefollowingconditions:* Sunday,August10that4:00AM* Itisraining* Winddirectionisfromthenortheast(NE)* Windspeedissuchthatthedistancetobeevacuatedisjudgedtobea5 mileradiusanddownwindto10miles(toEPZboundary)* ThedesiredETEisthatvalueneededtoevacuate90percentofthepopul ationfromwithintheimpactedRegion* AstagedevacuationisnotdesiredTable7 1isapplicablebecausethe90 thpercentileETEisdesired.Proceedasfollows:1. IdentifytheScenarioassummer,weekend,eveningandraining.EnteringTable7 1,itisseenthatthereisnomatchforthesedescriptors.However,theclarificationgivenaboveassignsthiscombinationofcircumstancestoScenario4.2. EnterTable7 5andlocatethegroupofregionsdescribedas"Evacuate5 MileRadiusandDownwindtotheEPZboundary;"thenlocatetherowforwinddirectionfromtheNEandreadRegionR18inthefirstcolumnofthatrow.3. EnterTable7 1tolocatethedatacellcontainingthevalueofETEforScenario4andRegionR18.Thisdatacellisincolumn(4)andintherowforRegionR18;itcontainsth eETEvalueof2:10.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 8KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table7 1.TimetoCleartheIndicatedAreaof90PercentoftheAffectedPopulationSummerSummerSummer Winter WinterWinterWinterSummer MidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekMidweekScenario:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)RegionMiddayMiddayEvening Midday MiddayEveningMiddayMidday GoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherSpecialEventRoadwayImpactEntire2 MileRegion,5MileRegion,andEPZR011:351:351:301:301:351:351:351:351:301:301:301:351:401:35 R022:152:151:401:401:452:152:152:151:401:401:401:451:552:15 R032:252:252:052:102:052:252:252:252:052:102:102:052:102:25 2 MileRingandKeyholeto5MilesR042:002:001:351:351:452:002:002:001:351:351:351:451:452:00 R052:102:101:401:401:452:102:102:101:401:401:401:451:502:10 R062:002:051:351:401:452:002:002:051:351:401:401:451:502:00 R071:551:551:351:351:451:551:551:551:351:351:351:451:451:55 R082:052:051:351:401:452:052:052:051:351:401:401:451:502:05 R091:551:551:301:351:401:551:551:551:301:351:351:401:501:55 R102:002:001:351:351:452:002:002:001:351:351:351:451:502:00 R112:002:001:351:351:451:551:552:001:351:351:351:451:452:00 5 MileRingandKeyholetoEPZBoundaryR122:202:201:451:451:502:202:202:201:451:451:451:501:552:20R132:202:201:451:451:502:202:202:201:451:451:451:501:552:20 R142:252:251:501:501:552:252:252:251:501:501:501:552:002:25 R152:252:251:501:501:552:252:252:251:501:501:501:552:052:25 R162:102:152:052:052:052:102:152:152:052:052:102:052:102:15 R172:152:152:052:102:052:152:152:202:052:102:102:052:102:15 R182:152:152:052:102:102:152:152:202:052:102:102:102:102:15 R192:102:102:052:052:052:102:102:152:052:052:102:052:052:10 R202:202:201:451:451:502:202:202:251:451:451:501:501:552:20 R212:252:251:501:501:552:252:252:251:501:501:501:552:002:25 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 9KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table7 1.(Continuedfromabove)SummerSummerSummerWinterWinterWinterWinterSummerMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekMidweekScenario:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)RegionMiddayMiddayEveningMiddayMiddayEveningMiddayMiddayGoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherSpecialEventRoadwayImpactStagedEvacuation2 MileRingandKeyholeto5MilesR222:152:152:002:002:002:152:152:152:002:002:002:001:552:15R232:052:051:551:552:002:052:052:051:551:551:552:001:452:05R242:102:102:002:002:002:102:102:102:002:002:002:001:502:10R252:052:051:551:552:002:052:052:051:551:551:552:001:502:05R262:002:001:501:502:002:002:002:001:501:501:552:001:502:00R272:052:051:551:552:002:052:052:051:551:552:002:001:552:05R282:002:001:551:552:002:002:002:001:551:551:552:001:502:00R292:052:051:551:552:002:052:052:051:551:551:552:001:502:05R302:002:001:551:552:002:002:002:051:551:551:552:001:452:00 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 10KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table7 2.TimetoCleartheIndicatedAreaof100PercentoftheAffectedPopulationSummerSummerSummer Winter WinterWinterWinterSummer MidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekMidweekScenario:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)RegionMiddayMiddayEvening Midday MiddayEveningMiddayMidday GoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherSpecialEventRoadwayImpactEntire2 MileRegion,5MileRegion,andEPZR014:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R024:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 R034:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 2 MileRingandKeyholeto5MilesR044:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 R054:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 R064:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 R074:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 R084:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 R094:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 R104:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 R114:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 5 MileRingandKeyholetoEPZBoundaryR124:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 R134:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 R144:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 R154:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 R164:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 R174:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 R184:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 R194:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 R204:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 R214:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 11KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table7 1.(Continuedfromabove)SummerSummerSummerWinterWinterWinterWinterSummerMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekMidweekScenario:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)RegionMiddayMiddayEveningMiddayMiddayEveningMiddayMiddayGoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherSpecialEventRoadwayImpactStagedEvacuation2 MileRingandKeyholeto5MilesR224:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50R234:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50R244:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50R254:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50R264:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50R274:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50R284:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50R294:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50R304:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 12KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table7 3.TimetoClear90Percentofthe2 MileAreawithintheIndicatedRegionSummerSummerSummer Winter WinterWinterWinterSummer MidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekMidweekScenario:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)RegionMiddayMiddayEvening Midday MiddayEveningMiddayMidday GoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherSpecialEventRoadwayImpactUnstagedEvacuation 2 MileRingandKeyholeto5 Miles R011:351:351:301:301:351:351:351:351:301:301:301:351:401:35 R021:401:401:301:301:401:401:401:401:301:301:301:401:401:40 R041:351:351:301:301:351:351:351:351:301:301:301:351:401:35 R051:401:401:301:301:401:401:401:401:301:301:301:401:401:40 R061:401:401:301:301:401:401:401:401:301:301:301:401:401:40 R071:401:401:301:301:401:401:401:401:301:301:301:401:401:40 R081:401:401:301:301:401:401:401:401:301:301:301:401:401:40 R091:351:351:301:301:351:351:351:351:301:301:301:351:401:35 R101:351:351:301:301:351:351:351:351:301:301:301:351:401:35 R111:351:351:301:301:351:351:351:351:301:301:301:351:401:35 StagedEvacuation 2 MileRingandKeyholeto5Miles R221:451:451:401:401:551:451:451:451:401:401:401:551:401:45 R231:351:351:301:301:451:351:351:351:301:301:301:451:401:35 R241:451:451:401:401:551:451:451:451:401:401:401:551:401:45 R251:451:451:401:401:551:451:451:451:401:401:401:551:401:45 R261:451:451:401:401:551:451:451:451:401:401:401:551:401:45 R271:451:451:401:401:551:451:451:451:401:401:401:551:401:45 R281:351:351:301:301:401:351:351:351:301:301:301:401:401:35 R291:351:351:301:301:401:351:351:351:301:301:301:401:401:35 R301:351:351:301:301:451:351:351:351:301:301:301:451:401:35

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 13KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table7 4.TimetoClear100Percentofthe2 MileAreawithintheIndicatedRegionSummerSummerSummer Winter WinterWinterWinterSummer MidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekWeekendMidweekMidweekScenario:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)RegionMiddayMiddayEvening Midday MiddayEveningMiddayMidday GoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherRainGoodWeatherGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherRainIceGoodWeatherSpecialEventRoadwayImpactUnstagedEvacuation 2 MileRingandKeyholeto5 Miles R014:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R024:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R044:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R054:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R064:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R074:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R084:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R094:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R104:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R114:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 StagedEvacuation 2 MileRingandKeyholeto5Miles R224:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R234:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R244:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R254:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R264:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R274:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R284:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R294:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 R304:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:45 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 14KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table7 5.DescriptionofEvacuationRegionsRegionDescriptionProtectiveActionZoneA 0A 1A 2B 1B 2C 1C 2D 1D 2E 1E 2F 1F 2R012 MileRingXR025 MileRingXXXXXXR03FullEPZXXXXXXXXXXXXXEvacuate2MileRadiusandDownwindto5MilesRegionWindDirectionFrom:ProtectiveActionZoneA 0A 1A 2B 1B 2C 1C 2D 1D 2E 1E 2F 1F 2R04S,SSWXXXR05SW,WSWXXXXR06WXXXR07WNW,NWXXR08NNW,NXXXR09NNE,NEXXR10ENE,EXXXR11ESE,SE,SSEXXXEvacuate5MileRadiusandDownwindtotheEPZBoundaryRegionWindDirectionFrom:ProtectiveActionZoneA 0A 1A 2B 1B 2C 1C 2D 1D 2E 1E 2F 1F 2R12SXXXXXXXR13SSW,SWXXXXXXXXR14WSW,WXXXXXXXXR15WNW,NWXXXXXXXXR16NNWXXXXXXXXXR17N,NNEXXXXXXXXXR18NEXXXXXXXXXR19ENE,EXXXXXXXXR20ESEXXXXXXXR21SE,SSEXXXXXXXX

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 15KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table7 5(Continuedfromabove)StagedEvacuation2 MileRadiusEvacuates,thenEvacuateDownwindto5MilesRegionWindDirectionFrom:ProtectiveActionZoneA 0A 1A 2B 1B 2C 1C 2D 1D 2E 1E 2F 1F 2R225 MileRingXXXXXXR23S,SSWXXXR24SW,WSWXXXXR25WXXXR26WNW,NWXXR27NNW,NXXXR28NNE,NEXXR29ENE,EXXXR30ESE,SE,SSEXXXShelter in Placeuntil90%ETEforR01,thenEvacuatePAZ(s)Shelter in PlacePAZ(s)Evacuate EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 16KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure7 1.VoluntaryEvacuationMethodology EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 17KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure7 2.VCSNSSiteShadowEvacuationRegion EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 18KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure7 3.CongestionPatternsat1:15aftertheAdvisorytoEvacuate EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 19KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure7 4.CongestionPatternsat2:15aftertheAdvisorytoEvacuate EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 20KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure7 5.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario1forRegionR03Figure76.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario2forRegionR030 5 10 15 20 25 300306090120150180210240270300330 VehiclesEvacuating(Thonsands)ElapsedTimeAfterEvacuationRecommendation(min)EvacuationTimeEstimatesSummer,Midweek,Midday,Good(Scenario1)2MileRing 5MileRing EntireEPZ90%100%0 5 10 15 20 25 300306090120150180210240270300330 VehiclesEvacuating(Thonsands)ElapsedTimeAfterEvacuationRecommendation(min)EvacuationTimeEstimatesSummer,Midweek,Midday,Rain(Scenario2)2MileRing 5MileRing EntireEPZ90%100%

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 21KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure77.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario3forRegionR03Figure78.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario4forRegionR030 5 10 15 20 25 300306090120150180210240270300330 VehiclesEvacuating(Thonsands)ElapsedTimeAfterEvacuationRecommendation(min)EvacuationTimeEstimatesSummer,Weekend,Midday,Good(Scenario3)2MileRing 5MileRing EntireEPZ90%100%0 5 10 15 20 25 300306090120150180210240270300330 VehiclesEvacuating(Thonsands)ElapsedTimeAfterEvacuationRecommendation(min)EvacuationTimeEstimatesSummer,Weekend,Midday,Rain(Scenario4)2MileRing 5MileRing EntireEPZ90%100%

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 22KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure79.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario5forRegionR03Figure710.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario6forRegionR030 5 10 15 20 25 300306090120150180210240270300330 VehiclesEvacuating(Thonsands)ElapsedTimeAfterEvacuationRecommendation(min)EvacuationTimeEstimatesSummer,Midweek,Weekend,Evening,Good(Scenario5)2MileRing 5MileRing EntireEPZ90%100%0 5 10 15 20 25 300306090120150180210240270300330 VehiclesEvacuating(Thonsands)ElapsedTimeAfterEvacuationRecommendation(min)EvacuationTimeEstimatesWinter,Midweek,Midday,Good(Scenario6)2MileRing 5MileRing EntireEPZ90%100%

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 23KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure711.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario7forRegionR03Figure712.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario8forRegionR030 5 10 15 20 25 300306090120150180210240270300330 VehiclesEvacuating(Thonsands)ElapsedTimeAfterEvacuationRecommendation(min)EvacuationTimeEstimatesWinter,Midweek,Midday,Rain(Scenario7)2MileRing 5MileRing EntireEPZ90%100%0 5 10 15 20 25 300306090120150180210240270300330 VehiclesEvacuating(Thonsands)ElapsedTimeAfterEvacuationRecommendation(min)EvacuationTimeEstimatesWinter,Midweek,Midday,Ice(Scenario8)2MileRing 5MileRing EntireEPZ90%100%

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 24KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure713.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario9forRegionR03Figure714.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario10forRegionR030 5 10 15 20 25 300306090120150180210240270300330 VehiclesEvacuating(Thonsands)ElapsedTimeAfterEvacuationRecommendation(min)EvacuationTimeEstimatesWinter,Weekend,Midday,Good(Scenario9)2MileRing 5MileRing EntireEPZ90%100%0 5 10 15 20 25 300306090120150180210240270300330 VehiclesEvacuating(Thonsands)ElapsedTimeAfterEvacuationRecommendation(min)EvacuationTimeEstimatesWinter,Weekend,Midday,Rain(Scenario10)2MileRing 5MileRing EntireEPZ90%100%

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 25KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure715.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario11forRegionR03Figure716.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario12forRegionR030 5 10 15 20 25 300306090120150180210240270300330 VehiclesEvacuating(Thonsands)ElapsedTimeAfterEvacuationRecommendation(min)EvacuationTimeEstimatesWinter,Weekend,Midday,Ice(Scenario11)2MileRing 5MileRing EntireEPZ90%100%0 5 10 15 20 25 300306090120150180210240270300330 VehiclesEvacuating(Thonsands)ElapsedTimeAfterEvacuationRecommendation(min)EvacuationTimeEstimatesWinter,Midweek,Weekend,Evening,Good(Scenario12)2MileRing 5MileRing EntireEPZ90%100%

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation7 26KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure717.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario13forRegionR03Figure718.EvacuationTimeEstimatesScenario14forRegionR030 5 10 15 20 25 300306090120150180210240270300330 VehiclesEvacuating(Thonsands)ElapsedTimeAfterEvacuationRecommendation(min)EvacuationTimeEstimatesWinter,Midweek,Midday,Good,Construction(Scenario13)2MileRing 5MileRing EntireEPZ90%100%0 5 10 15 20 25 300306090120150180210240270300330 VehiclesEvacuating(Thonsands)ElapsedTimeAfterEvacuationRecommendation(min)EvacuationTimeEstimatesSummer,Midweek,Midday,Good,RoadwayImpact(Scenario14)2MileRing 5MileRing EntireEPZ90%100%

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.58 TRANSIT DEPENDENTANDSPECIALFACILITYEVACUATIONTIMEESTIMATESThissectiondetailstheanalysesappliedandtheresultsobtainedintheformofevacuationtimeestimatesfortransitvehicles(buses).Thedemandfortransitservicereflectstheneedsoftwopopulationgroups:(1)residentswithnovehiclesavailable;(2)residentsofspecialfacilitiessuchasschoolsan dhealthsupportfacilities;and(3)homeboundspecialneedspopulation.Thesetransitvehiclesmixwiththegeneralevacuationtrafficthatiscomprisedmostlyof"passengercars"(pc's).ThepresenceofeachtransitvehicleintheevacuatingtrafficstreamisrepresentedwithinthemodelingparadigmdescribedinAppendixDasequivalenttotwopc's.Thisequivalencefactorrepres entsthelongersizeandmoresluggishoperatingcharacteristicsofatransitvehicle,relativetothoseofpc's.Transitvehiclesmustbemobilizedinpreparationfortheirrespectiveevacuationmissions.Specifically:* Busdriversmustbealerted* Theymusttraveltothebusdepot* Theymustbebriefedthereandassignedtoarouteorfacilit yTheseactivitiesconsumetime.DiscussionswiththecountyemergencymanagementagencieswithintheVCSNSEPZindicatethatbusesforschoolchildrencanbemobilizedin90minutes,exceptforLexingtonCountywhocanmobilizetheirbusesin50minutes.Busesuse dfortransitdependentscanbemobilizedin120minutesexceptforNewberryCountywhocanmobilizetheirtransitbusesin60minutes.TransitbuseswillbedrawnfromtheCentralMidlandsRegionalTransitAuthorityfleetbaseduponmutualaidagreements.Busmobilizationtimeismeasuredfr omtheAdvisorytoEvacuate(ATE)tothetimewhenbusesarriveatthefacilitytobeevacuated.Duringthismobilizationperiod,othermobilizationactivitiesaretakingplace.Oneoftheseistheactiontakenbyparents,neighbors,relatives,andfriendstopickupchildrenfromschoolpriortothearrivalofbuses,sothattheymayjointh eirfamilies.Virtuallyallstudiesofevacuationshaveconcludedthatthis"bonding"processofunitingfamilyunitsisuniversallyprevalentduringemergenciesandshouldbeanticipatedintheplanningprocess.ThecurrentemergencyplanninginformationdisseminatedtoresidentsoftheVirgilC.SummerNuclearStation'sEPZindicatestha tparentsshouldnotpickupchildrenatschool;rather,theyshouldpickupchildrenattheappropriatereceptioncenter.Pickingupchildrenatschoolcouldaddtotrafficcongestionattheschools,delayingthedepartureofthebusesevacuatingschoolchildren.Theestimatesofbusespresentedhereinaredevelopedundertheassumptionthatnochildrenwillbepickedupbytheirparents(inaccordancewithNUREG/CR 7002),topresentanupperboundestimateofbusesrequired.Itisassumedthatchildrenatdaycarecentersarepickedupbyparentsorguardiansandthatthetimetoperformth isactivityiscapturedinthetripgenerationtimesdiscussedinSection5.Theprocedureis:* Estimatedemandfortransitservice EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5* Estimatetimetoperformalltransitfunctions* EstimateroutetraveltimestotheEPZboundaryandtotheschoolreceptioncenters8.1 TransitDependentPeopleDemandEstimateThetelephonesurvey(seeAppendixF)resultswereusedtoestimatetheportionofthepopulationrequiringtransitservice:* Thosepersonsinhouseholdsthatdonothaveavehicl eavailable* Thosepersonsinhouseholdsthatdohavevehicle(s)thatwouldnotbeavailableatthetimetheevacuationisadvisedInthelattergroup,thevehicle(s)maybeusedbyacommuter(s)whodoesnotreturn(orisnotexpectedtoreturn)hometoevacuatethehousehold.Table8 1presentsestimatesoftransit dependentpeople.Note:* Estimatesofpersonsrequiringtransitvehiclesincludeschoolchildren.Forthoseevacuationscenarioswherechildrenareatschoolwhenanevacuationisordered,separatetransportationisprovidedfortheschoolchildren.Theactualneedfortransitvehiclesbyresidentsistherebylessthanthegivenestimatesiftheaccidentoccurswhileschoolisinsession.* Itisreasonableandappropriatetoconsiderthatmanytransit dependentpersonswillevacuat ebyride sharingwithneighbors,friends,orfamily.Forexample,nearly80percentofthosewhoevacuatedfromMississauga,Ontariowhodidnotusetheirowncars,sharedarid ewithneighborsorfriends.Otherdocumentsreportthatapproximately70percentoftransitdependentpersonswereevacuatedviaridesharing.Wewilladoptaconservativeestimatethat50percentoftransitdependentpersonswillrideshare,inaccordancewithNUREG/CR 7002.Theestimatednumberofbustripsneededtoservicetransit dependentpersonsisbasedonanestimateofaveragebusoccupancyof30personsattheconclusionofthebusrun.Transi tvehicleseatingcapacitiestypicallyequalorexceed60children(roughlyequivalentto40adults).Iftransitvehicleevacueesaretwothirdsadultsandonethirdchildren,thenthenumberof"adultseats"takenby30personsis20+(2/3x10)=27.Onthisbasis,theaverageloadfactoranticipatedis(27/40)x100=68percent,Thus,iftheactualdemandforserviceexceedstheestimatesofTable8 1by50percent,th edemandforservicecanstillbeaccommodatedbytheavailablebusseatingcapacity.Table8 1indicatesthattransportationmustbeprovidedfor265people.Therefore,atotalof9busrunsarerequiredtotransportthispopulationtoreceptioncenters.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Toillustratethisestimationprocedure,wecalculatethenumberofpersons,P,requiringpublictransitorride share,andthenumberofbuses,B,requiredfortheVCSNSSiteEPZ:Where,A=Percentofhouseholdswithivehicles,withcommutersC=Percentofhouseholdswithivehicles,whowillnotawaitthereturnofacommuter Thesecalculationsareexplainedasfollows:* Allmembers(1.38avg.)ofhouseholds(HH)withnovehicles(4.8%)willevacuatebypublictransitorride share.Theterm5,289(numberofhouseholds)x0.048x1.38,accountsforthesepeople.* ThemembersofHHwith1vehicleaway(22.5%),whoareathome,equal(1.8 1).ThenumberofHHwherethecom muterwillnotreturnhomeisequalto(5,289x0.225x0.67x0.22),as67%ofEPZhouseholdshaveacommuter,22%ofwhichwouldnotreturnhomeintheeventofanemergency.Thenumberofpersonswhowillevacuatebypublictransitorride shareisequaltotheproductofthesetwoterms.* ThemembersofHHwith2vehiclesthatareaway(38.5%),whoareathome,equal(2.86-2).ThenumberofHHwhereneithercommuterwillreturnhomeisequalto5,289x0.385x(0.67x0.22)2.Thenumberofpersonswhowillevacuatebypublictransitorride shareisequaltotheproductofthesetwoterms(thelasttermissquaredtorepresenttheprobabilitythatneithercommuterwillreturn).* Householdswith3ormorevehiclesareassumedtohavenoneedfortransitvehicles.* ThetotalnumberofpersonsrequiringpublictransitisthesumofsuchpeopleinHHwithnovehi cles,orwith1or2vehiclesthatareawayfromhome.Theestimateoftransit dependentpopulationinTable8 1farexceedsthenumberofregisteredtransit dependentpersonsintheEPZasprovidedbythecounties(discussedbelowinSection8.5).ThisisconsistentwiththefindingsofNUREG/CR 6953,Volume2,inthatalargemajorityofthetransit dependentpopulationwithintheEPZsofU.S.nuclearplantsdoesnotregisterwiththeirlocalemergencyresponseagency.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.58.2 SchoolPopulation-TransitDemandTable8 2presentstheschoolpopulationandtransportationrequirementsforthedirectevacuationofallschoolswithintheEPZforthe2010 2011schoolyear.Thisinformationwasprovidedbylocalcountyemergencymanagementagencies.ThecolumninTable8 2entitled"BusRunsRequired"specifiesthenumberofbusesrequiredforeachschoolunderthefollowingse tofassumptionsandestimates:* Nostudentswillbepickedupbytheirparentspriortothearrivalofthebuses* AllhighschoolstudentsexceptthoseinChapinHighSchoolwilluseschoolbusestoevacuate.DiscussionswithChapinHighSchoolofficialsind icatetheywouldpermitstudentswhodrivetoschooltoevacuateusingtheirpersonalvehicles.ThisapproachconformstothatcitedinSection2.4ofNUREG/CR 7002* Buscapacity,expressedinstudentsperbus,issetto70forprimaryschoolsand50formiddleandhighsch ools* Thosestaffmemberswhodonotaccompanythestudentswillevacuateintheirprivatevehicles* Noallowanceismadeforstudentabsenteeism,typically3percentdailyItisrecommendedthatthecountiesintheEPZintroduceprocedureswherebytheschoolsarecontactedpriortothedispatchofbusesfromthedepot(approximatelyonehouraftertheAdvisorytoEvacuateformostschools),toascertainthecurrentestimateofstudentstobeevacuated.Inthisway,thenumberofbusesdispatchedtotheschoolswillreflecttheactualnumberneeded.Thosebusesoriginallyallocatedtoevacuateschoolchildrenthatarenotneededduetochildrenbeingabsentorpickedupbytheirparents,canbegainfullyassignedtoserviceotherfacilitiesorthosepersonswhodonothaveaccesstoprivatevehiclesortoride sharing.Table8 3presentsalistofthereceptioncentersforeachschoolintheEPZ.Studentswillbetransportedtothesecenterswheretheywillbesubsequentlyretrievedbytheirrespectivefamilies.8.3 SpecialFacilityDemandTable8 4presentsthecensusofspecialfacilitiesintheEPZ.Approximately320peoplehavebeenidentifiedaslivingin,orbeingtreatedinthesefacilities.Thecapacityandcurrentcensusforeachfacilitywereprovidedbyrepresentativesfromeachfacility.Thiscensusalsoindicatesthenumberofambulatory,wheelchair bound,andbed riddenpeopleateachfacility.ThetransportationrequirementsforthesefacilitiesarealsopresentedinTable8 4.Thenumberofambulancerunsisdeterminedbyassumingthat2patientscanbeaccommodate dperambulancetrip;thenumberofwheelchairvanrunsassumes4wheelchairspertrip;thenumberofwheelchairbusrunsassumes15wheelchairspertrip,andthenumberofbusrunsestimatedassumes30ambulatorypatientspertrip.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 5KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.58.4 EvacuationTimeEstimatesforTransitDependentPeopleEPZbusresourcesareassignedtoevacuatingschoolchildren(ifschoolisinsessionatthetimeoftheATE)asthefirstpriorityintheeventofanemergency.Intheeventthattheallocationofbusesdispatchedfromthedepotstothevariousfacilitiesandtothebusroutesissomewhat"inefficient",orifthereisashortfallofavailabledrivers,thentheremaybeaneedforsomebusestoreturntotheEPZfromthereceptioncenteraftercompletingtheirfirstevacuationtrip,tocompletea"secondwave"ofprovidingtransportservicetoevacuees.Forthisreason,theETEforthetransit dependentpopulationwillbecalculatedforbothaonewavetransitevacuationandfortwowaves.Ofcourse,iftheimpactedEvacuationRegionisotherthanR03(theentireEPZ),thentherewilllikelybeampletransitresourcesrelativetodemandintheimpactedRegionandtheETEcalculat edforasecondwavewouldlikelynotapply.Whenschoolevacuationneedsaresatisfied,subsequentassignmentsofbusestoservicethetransit dependentshouldbesensitivetotheirmobilizationtime.Clearly,thebusesshouldbedispatchedafterpeoplehavecompletedtheirmobilizationactivitiesandareinpositiontoboardthebuseswhentheyarriveatthepick uppoints.EvacuationTimeEstimatesforTransitTripsweredevelopedusingbothgoodweatherandadverseweatherconditions.Figure8 1presentsthechronologyofeventsrelevanttotransitoperations.TheelapsedtimeforeachactivitywillnowbediscussedwithreferencetoFigure8 1.Activity:MobilizeDrivers(A B C)DrivermobilizationistheelapsedtimefromtheAdvisorytoEvacuateuntilthetimethebusesarriveatthefacilitytobeevacuated.Asdiscussedabove,informationprovidedbyFairfieldandRichlandCountiesindicatesthatforarapidlyescalatingradiologicalemergencywithnoobservableindicationbeforethefact,busdriverswouldlikelyrequ ire90minutestobecontacted,totraveltothedepot,bebriefed,andtotraveltotheschoolstobeevacuated,and120minutesforthetransit dependentbusroutes.NewberryCountywouldalsorequire90minutesforschools,butonly60minutesfortransit dependentbusroutes;LexingtonCounty-50minutesfo rschools,120minutesfortransit dependentbusroutes.Activity:BoardPassengers(C D)Basedondiscussionswithoffsiteagencies,aloadingtimeof5minutes(10minutesforrainand15minutesforice)forschoolbusesisused.Formultiplestopsalongapick uproute(transit dependentbusroutes),allowanceismadefortheadditionaltimeassociatedwithstopping,starting,andboardingpassengersateachpick uppoint.Thetime,t,requiredforabustodecelerateatarate,"a",expressedinft/sec/sec,fromaspeed,"v",expressedinft/sec,toastop,ist=v/a.Assumingthesameaccelerationrateandfinalspeedfollowingthestopyieldsatotaltime,T,toserviceboardingpa ssengers:,whereB=Dwelltimetoserviceboardingpassengers.Thetotaldistance,"s"infeet,travelledduringthedecelerationandaccelerationactivitiesis:

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 6KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5s=v 2/a.Ifthebushadnotstoppedtoservicepassengers,buthadcontinuedtotravelatspeed,v,thenitstraveltimeoverthedistance,s,wouldbe:s/v,or(v 2/a)/v=v/a.Thenthetotaldelay(i.e.pickuptime,P)toservicepassengersis:

Assigningreasonableestimates:* B=50seconds:agenerousvalueforasinglepassenger,carryingpersonalitems,toboardperstop* v=25mph=37ft/sec* a=4ft/sec/sec,amoderateaveragerateThen,P1minuteperstop.Allowing30minutespick uptimeperbusrunimplies30st opsperrun(onepassengerperstop),forgoodweather.Itisassumedthatbusaccelerationandspeed,aswellasloadingtime,willbelessinrainandiceconditions;totalloadingtimeforrainis40minutes,50minutesforiceconditions.Activity:TraveltoEPZBoundary(D E)SchoolEvacuationTransportationresourcesavailablewereprovidedbytheEPZcountyemergencymanagementagenciesandaresummarizedinTable8 5.Alsoincludedinthetablearethenumberofbusesneededtoevacuatemedicalfacilities,transit dependentpopulation,andhomeboundspecialneeds(discussedbelowinSection8.5).ComparisonoftheavailablebusresourcesinTable8 5withthenumberofbusesneededshowninTable8 2indicatesthatNewberryCountySchoolDistrictdoesnothavesufficientresourcestoevacuateschoolchildreninasinglewave.However,itwasconfirmedwithNewberryCountyOfficialsthatMutualAidAgreements(MAA)withschoolsoutsideoftheEPZexisttohelpevacuateth estudentsinasinglewave.ThebusesservicingtheschoolsinFairfield,Newberry,andRichlandCountiesarereadytobegintheirevacuationtripsat95minutesaftertheadvisorytoevacuate-90minutesmobilizationtimeplus5minutesloadingtime.LexingtonCountyhaspracticedbusmobili zationandconfirmedthatbuseswillarriveattheschoolwithin50minutes,thustheirroutestarttimeis55minutes.TheUNITESsoftwarediscussedinSection1.3wasusedtodefinebusroutesalongthemostlikelypathtotheEPZboundaryfromaschoolbeingevacuated,travelingtowardtheappropriatereceptioncenter.ThisisdoneinUNITESbyinteractivelyselectingthesequenceofnodesfromtheschooltotheEPZboundary.ThebusrouteisgivenanidentificationnumberandiswrittentotheDYNEVIIinputstream.DYNEVIIcomputestheroutelengthandoutputstheaveragespeedforeach5minuteintervaloverthedurationoftheevacuation,foreachbusroute.ThebusroutesinputaredocumentedinTable8 6(ref ertothemapsofthelink nodeanalysisnetworkinAppendixKfornodelocations).Datafrom95minutes(55minutesfor EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 7KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5LexingtonCounty)aftertheadvisorytoevacuatewereused.TheaveragespeedalongtherouteusingthedatageneratedbyDYNEVIIwascomputedasfollows:Theaveragespeedcomputed(usingthismethodology)forthebusesservicingeachoftheschoolsintheEPZisshowninTable8 7throughTable8 9(goodweather,rain,ice),andinTable8 11throughTable8 13(goodweather,rain,ice)forthetransitvehiclesevacuatingtransit dependentpersons,whicharediscussedlater.ThetraveltimetotheEPZboundarywascomputedforeachbususingthecomputedaveragespeedandthedistancetotheEP ZboundaryalongthemostlikelyrouteoutoftheEPZ.ThetraveltimefromtheEPZboundarytotheReceptionCenterwascomputedassuminganaveragespeedof45mph,40mph,and35mphforgoodweather,rain,andicerespectively.Speedswereredu cedinTable8 7throughTable8 9andinTable8 11throughTable8 13to45mph,40mph,and35mph(goodweather,rainandice,respectively)forthosecalculat edbusspeedswhichexceed45mph(40-rain,35-ice),toconformtostateschoolbusspeedlimits.Table8 7(goodweather),Table8 8(rain),andTable8 9(ice)presentthefollowingevacuationtimeestimates(roundeduptothenearest5minutes)forschoolsintheEPZ:(1)Th eelapsedtimefromtheAdvisorytoEvacuateuntilthebusexitstheEPZ;and(2)TheelapsedtimeuntilthebusreachestheSchoolReceptionCenter.TheevacuationtimeoutoftheEPZcanbecomputedasthesumoftraveltimesassociatedwithActivitiesA B C,C D,an dD E(Forexample:90min.+5+3=1:40forKellyMillerElementarySchool,withgoodweather,roundeduptothenearest5minutes).TheevacuationtimetotheReceptionCenterisdeterminedbyaddingthetimeassociatedwithActivityE F(discussedbelow),tothisEPZevacuaonme.EvacuationofTransit DependentPopulationThebusesdispatchedfromthedepotstoservicethetransit dependentevacueeswillbescheduledsothattheyarriveattheirrespectiveroutesaftertheirpassengershavecompletedtheirmobilization.AsshowninFigure5 4(ResidentswithoutCommuters),approximately90percentoftheevacueeswillcompletetheirmobilizationwhenthebuseswillbegintheirroutes,approximately120minutesforallcountiesexceptNewberryCountyaftertheAdvisorytoEvacuate.Notethatonlyapproximately65percentofevacueeshavemobilizedwhenbusesbeginroutesinNewberryCounty,60minutesaftertheATE.Thosetransit dependentsinNewberryCountynotservicedbythefirstwaveoftransit dependentbuseswillbepickedupbythesecondwavebuseswhicharrivelater.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 8KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Thosebusesservicingthetransit dependentevacueeswillfirsttravelalongtheirpick uproutes,thenproceedoutoftheEPZ.BuseswilltravelalongthemajorroutesintheEPZasdescribedinTable8 10andshowngraphicallyinFigure8 2.ThebusrouteforRichlandCountywasprovidedtoKLDbyemergencymanagementrepresentatives.ThebusroutesfortheremainingthreecountiesweredesignedbyKLDtoservicethemajorroutesthrougheachPAZ.Residentswillwalktoandcongregateatthesepre designatedevacuationroutes,accordingtothecountyemergencyplans.Itisassumedthattheycanarriveatthest opswithinthe120minutemobilizationtime(goodweather)forbuses,60minutesforNewberryCounty.ThereisonebusrouteeachforRichland,Fairfield,andLexingtonCounties;tworoutesareconsideredforNewberryCounty.EachroutehastwoassignedbusesexceptforRoute15(SeeTable8 10)whichwasassignedasinglebus.Routeswithtwobusesfollowth esamepathwithaheadwayof20minutesbetweenbusesforpeoplewhomobilizemoreslowly,asshowninTable8 11.Aspreviouslydiscussed,apickuptimeof30minutesisestimatedfor30individualstopstopickuppassengers,withanaveragedelayofoneminuteassociatedwitheachstop.Anincreaseisappliedforrainandiceconditions.Thetraveldistancealongtherespectivepick uprouteswithintheEPZisestimatedusingtheUNITESsoftware.BustraveltimeswithintheEPZarecomputedusingaveragespeedscomputedbyDYNEVII,usingtheaforementi onedmethodologythatwasusedforschoolevacuation.Table8 11,Table8 12,andTable8 13presentthetransit dependentpopulationevacuationtimeestimatesforeachbusroutecalculatedusingtheaboveproceduresforgoodweather,rain,andicerespectively.Forexampl e,theETEfortheRichlandCountyTransitDependentBusRouteiscomputedas120+48+30=3:20forgoodweather(roundedtonearest5minutes).Here,48minutesisthetimetotravel36.2milesat45mph,theaveragespeedoutputbythemodelforthisrouteat120minutes.TheETEforasecondwave(discussedbelow)ispresentedintheeventthereisashortfallofavailablebusesorbusdriversandtoservicethosepeoplewhomobilizeinmorethan120minutesforLexington,Richland,andFairfieldCountyor60minutesforNewberryCounty.Activity:TraveltoReceptionCenters(E F)ThedistancesfromtheEPZboundarytothereceptioncentersaremeasuredusingGeographicalInformationSystems(GIS)softwarealongthemostlikelyroutefromtheEPZtothereceptioncenter.ThereceptioncentersaremappedinFigure10 1.Foraonewaveevacuation,thistraveltimeoutsidetheEPZdoesnotcontributetotheETE.Foratwo waveevacuation,traveltimeoutsidetheEPZdoesneedtobeconsidered.Assumedbusspeedsof45mph,40mph,and35mp hforgoodweather,rain,andice,respectively,willbeappliedforthisactivityforbusesservicingthetransit dependentpopulation.Activity:PassengersLeaveBus(F G)Abuscanemptywithin5minutes.Thedrivertakesa10minutebreak.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 9KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Activity:BusReturnstoRouteforSecondWaveEvacuation(G C)ThebusesassignedtoreturntotheEPZtoperforma"secondwave"evacuationoftransit dependentevacueeswillbethosethathavealreadyevacuatedtransit dependentpeoplewhomobilizedmorequickly.Thefirstwaveoftransit dependentpeopledepartthebus,andthebusthenreturnstotheEPZ,travelstoitsrouteandproceedstopickupmor etransit dependentevacueesalongtheroute.ThetraveltimebacktotheEPZboundaryisequaltothetraveltimetothereceptioncenter.Thesecond waveETEfortheRichlandCountyTransitDependentbusrouteiscomputedasfollowsforgoodweather:* Busarrivesatreceptioncenterat3:35(3:20ETEtoexitEPZ+15minutetraveltimetoreceptioncenter)ingoodweather* Busdischargespassengers(5minutes)anddrivertakesa10 minuterest:15minutes* BusreturnstoEPZandcompletesasecondroute:15minutes(Sa metimeasTravelTimetoReceptionCenter)+48minutes(36.2miles@45mph)=63minutes* Buscompletespick upsalongroute:30minutes* BusexitsEPZattime3:20+0:15+0:15+0:15+0:48+0:30=5:25(roundedtonearest5minutes)aftertheAdvisorytoEvacuateTheETEforthecompletionofthesecondwaveforalltransit dependentbusroutesareprovidedinTable8 11throughTable8 13.TheaverageETEfortheevacuationoftransit dependentpeopleex ceedstheETEforthegeneralpopulationatthe90 thpercentile.Anysubsequentrelocationoftransit dependentevacueesfromthereceptioncenterstocongregatecarecentersisnotconsideredinthisstudy.EvacuationofPersonsfromSpecialFacilitiesThebusoperationsforthisgrouparesimilartothoseforschoolevacuationexcept:* Busesareassignedonthebasisof30patientstoallowforstafftoaccompanythepatients* Thepassengerloadingtimewillbelongeratapproximatelyoneminuteperpatienttoaccountforthetimetomovepati entsfrominsidethefacilitytothevehiclesTable8 4indicatesthat1busrun,1wheelchairbusrun,and2ambulancerunsareneededtoservicealloftheonlymedicalfacilityintheEPZ.AccordingtoTable8 5,thecountiescancollectivelyprovide136buses,3vans,and25wheel chai raccessiblebuses.Thus,therearesufficientresourcestoevacuatethe60patientsatGenerationsofChapininasinglewave.Itisassumedthatmobilizationtimeis90minutesforthisfacility.Speciallytrainedmedicalsupportstaff(workingtheirregularshift)willbeonsitetoassistintheevacuationofpatients.Additionalstaff(ifneeded)couldbemobilizedoverthissame90minutetimeframe.BasedonthelocationofGenerationsofChapininFigureE 2,itisestimatedabuswillhavetotravel3miles,onaverage,toleavetheEPZ.Theaveragespeedoutputbythemodelat90minutesforRegion3,Scenario1is60.39mph(cappedat45mphforgoodweather;40mphforrain;35mphforice)Thus,traveltimeoutoftheEPZisapproximately4minutesforgood EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 10KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5weather,5minutesforrainandice.TheETEforthebusevacuatingambulatorypatientsatthefacilityisthesumofthemobilizationtime,totalpassengerloadingtime,andtraveltimeoutoftheEPZ.ThecalculationofETEforGenerationsofChapinwith30ambulatoryresidentsis(roundeduptothenearest5minutes):ETE:90+30x1+4=124min.or2:05RainETE:100+30x1+5=2:15IceETE:110+30x1+5=2:25TheETEforbusesevacuatingwheel chair boundpatientsatthefacilityassumesaloadingtimeof5minutesperwheelchairboundpersonasstaffwillhavetoassisttheminboardingthebus.TheETEforthewheelchairboundatGenerationsofChapinwith15wheelchair boundpatientsis(roundedtothenearest5minutes)(assumingconcurrentloadingonmultiplebuseswithacapacit yof15patients):ETE:90+15x5+4=2:50RainETE:100+15x5+5=3:00IceETE:110+15x5+5=3:10TheETEforambulancesevacuatingbedriddenpatientsatthefacilityassumes15minutesloadingtimeperbedriddenpersonasstaffwillhavetoassi sttheminboardinganambulance.TheETEforthebedriddenpatientsatGenerationsofChapinwith3bedriddenpatientsis(roundedtothenearest5minutes)(assumingconcurrentloadingonmultipleambulanceswithacapacityof2patients):ETE:90+2x15+4=2: 05RainETE:100+2x15+5=2:15IceETE:110+2x15+5=2:25Aspreviouslydiscussed,thereareenoughtransportationresourcestoevacuatethepatientsfromGenerationsofChapininasinglewave.Intheeventasecondwa veisneeded,thehostfacilityislocatednearColumbiaorinNewberry.Theroutetothehostfacilityis20milesandrequires27minutesoftravelingoodweather(30-rain,35minutesice),30minutestounloadbothpassengersathostfacility,27minutes(30-rain,35ice)totravelbacktotheoriginalmedicalfacility,aloadingtimeof15minutesperbedriddenperson(2perambulance)andatraveltimeof5minutestoleavetheEPZonthesecondwave,yields:SecondWaveETE:2:05+0:27+0:30+0:27+0:30+0:05=4: 05(roundedtothenearest5minutes)RainETE:2:15+0:30+0:30+0:30+0:30+0:05=4:20IceETE:2:25+0:35+0:30+0:35+0:30+0:05=4:40 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 11KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Itisassumedthatspecialfacilitypopulationisdirectlyevacuatedtoappropriatehostmedicalfacilities.Relocationofthispopulationtopermanentfacilitiesand/orpassingthroughthereceptioncenterbeforearrivingatthehostfacilityisnotconsideredinthisanalysis.8.5 SpecialNeedsPopulationBasedondataprovidedbythecountyemergencymanagementagencies,thereareanestimated185homeboundspecialneedspeoplewithintheVCSNSEPZ.Ofthesepeople,83requirespecialtransportationtoevacuate.Atotalof17peoplearebed riddenandrequireanambulancetoevacuate,totaling9ambulances.Thereare38wheelchairboundhomeboundspecialneedspeoplewhorequirewheel chairvanstoevacuate,totaling3wheelchairbuses.Twentyeightofthehomeboundspecialneedspeopleareambulatory,requiringonly1bustoaccommodatethesepeople(althoughadditionalbuseswillbeused-seebelow).ETEforHomeboundSpecialNeedsPersonsWheelchairVansSection8.3identifiesawheelchairvancapacityof4wheelchairspertrip;therefore10wheelchairvansareneededforthese38people.However,asnotedinTable8 5,therearelimitedresourcesforwheelchairvansandasurplusofwheelchairbuses.Thus,wheelchairbuseswillbeusedtoevacuatethese38people.Itisassumedthat10buseswilleachservice4households(HH).Itisfurtherassumedthatth ehouseholdsarespaced3milesapart,andthatvanspeedsapproximate30mphbetweenhouseholdsingoodweather(10%slowerinrain,20%slowerinice).Thelasthouseholdisassumedtobe5milesfromtheEPZboundary,andspeedsof45,40,and35mphareus edforgoodweather,rainandice,respectively.AllETEareroundedtothenearest5minutes.a. Assumedmobilizationtimeforwheelchairbusresourcestoarriveatfirsthousehold:90minutes(100minutesinrain;110minutesinice)b. Loadingtimeatfirsthousehold:5minutes(asdiscussedaboveinSection8.4)c. Traveltimetosubseque nthouseholds:3@6minutes(3miles@30mph;27mphinrain;24mphinice)=18minutes(20minutesinrain;22minutesinice)d. Loadingtimeatsubsequenthouseholds:3@5minutes=15minutese. TraveltimetoEPZ5miles@45mph(10%slower,41mphinrain;36mphinice)=7minutes(8inrain;9minutesinice)ETE:90+5+18+15+7=2:15RainETE:100+5+20+15+8=2: 30IceETE:110+5+22+15+9=2:40Fromacapacityperspective(15wheelchairsperbus),fewerbusescouldhavebeenused.However,buseswouldhavetomakeadditionalstopsresultinginprolon gedETE.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 12KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5BusesAssumingnomorethanonespecialneedspersonperhouseholdimpliesthat28householdsneedtobeserviced.Whileonly1busisneededfromacapacityperspective,if4busesaredeployedtoservicethesespecialneedsHH,theneachwouldrequireabout7stops.ThefollowingoutlinestheETEcalculations:1. Assume4busesaredeployed,eac hwithabout7stops,toserviceatotalof28HH2. TheETEiscalculatedasfollows:a. Busesarriveatthefirstpickuplocation:90minutesb. LoadHHmembersatfirstpickup:5minutesc. Traveltosubsequentpickuplocations:6@6m inutes=36minutesd. LoadHHmembersatsubsequentpickuplocations:6@5minutes=30minutese. TraveltoEPZboundary(assume5milesat45mph):7minutes.ETE:90+5+36+30+7=2:50RainETE:100+5+42+30+8=3: 05IceETE:110+5+48+30+9=3:10Ifplannedproperly,thepickuplocationsforeachbusrunshouldbeclusteredwithinthesamegeneralarea;itisassumedthatstopsare3milesapart.Theestimatedtraveltimebetweenpick upsis6minutes(7minutesinrain;8minutesinice);totheEPZboundaryisbasedonadistanceof5miles@45mph=7minutes(8minutesinrain;9minutesinice).Itisassume dthatmobilizationtimetofirstpickupis10minuteslongerinrain=100minutes(110minutesinice).AllETEareroundedtonearest5minutes.AssumingallHHmembers(avg.HHsizeequals2.68persons)travelwiththedisabledpersonyields7x2.68=19personsperbus,wellwithinbuscapacity.AmbulancesItisestimatedthat9ambulanceswillbeneededtoevacuatethe17homeboundbed riddenpersonswithintheEPZ.DiscussionswithemergencymanagementpersonnelforNewberry,Lexington,Fairfield,andRichlandCountiesindicatedthattherearesufficientambulanceresourcesavailabletoevacuatetheinstitutionalizedandhomeboundbed riddenpopulationsinasinglewaveusingMutualAidAgreements.Mobilizationtimeisassumedtobe60minutestothefirsthome.Eachambulanceservicingthehomeboundbed riddenpopulationwillmake2stopswithanestimatedseparationdistanceof5milesandanestimateddistanceof5milestotheEPZboundaryafterthesecondstop.Loadingtimeperstopisestimatedat15minutes.Itisassumedthatambulanceswilltravelat40mphbetweenhouseholds,giventheabsenceofcongestionwithintheEPZ.Mobilizationtimeis5minuteslongerinrainandtravelspeedis10%lessinrain-36mph,anadditional5minuteslongerand10%lessinice-32mph.AllETEareroundedtonearest5minutes.TheETEarecomputedasfollows:

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 13KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5a. Ambulancearrivesatfirsthousehold:60minutes(someambulancesarecomingfromneighboringcountiesthroughmutualaid;thus,theymustdriveagreaterdistance)b. Loadingtimeatfirsthousehold:15minutesc. Ambulancetravelstosecondhousehold:5miles@40mph=8minutesd. Loadingtimeatsecondhousehold:15minutese. TraveltimetoEPZboundary:5miles@40mph=8minutesETE:60+15+8+15+8=1:45RainETE:65+15+9+15+9=1:55IceETE:70+15+10+15+10=2:00ThefollowingoutlinestheETEcalculationsifasecondwaveisneeded:a. TraveltohostfacilityfromEPZboundary:20miles@45mphandrequires27minutesoftravelingoodweather(30minutesinrain;35minutesinice)b. Unloadpassengersathostfacility:30minutesc. TraveltimebacktoEPZ:20miles@45mphan drequires27minutesoftravelingoodweather(30minutesinrain;35minutesinice)d. Loadingtimeatfirsthousehold:15minutese. Ambulancetravelstosecondhousehold:5miles@40mph=8minutes(9minutesinrain;10minutesinice)f. Loadingtimeatsecondhousehold:15minutesg. TraveltimetoEPZboundary:5miles@40.0mph=8mi nutes(9minutesinrain;10minutesinice)ETE:1:45+0:27+0:30+0:27+0:15+0:08+0: 15+0:08=3:55RainETE:1:55+0:30+0:30+0:30+0:15+0:09+0:15+0:09=4:15IceETE:2:00+0:35+0:30+0:35+0:15+0:10+0:15+0:10=4:30 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 14KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Event AAdvisorytoEvacuate BBusDispatchedfromDepot CBusArrivesatFacility/Pick upRoute DBusDepartsforReceptionCenter EBusExitsRegion FBusArrivesatReceptionCenter GBusAvailablefor"SecondWave"EvacuationService Activity A B DriverMobilization B C TraveltoFacilityortoPick upRoute C D PassengersBoardtheBus D E BusTravelsTowardsRegionBoundary E F BusTravelsTowardsReceptionCenterOutsidetheEPZ F G PassengersLeaveBus;DriverTakesaBreakFigure8 1.ChronologyofTransitEvacuationOperationsA B C D E F G Time(SubsequentWave)

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 15KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure8 2.TransitDependentBusRoutes EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 16KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table8 1.TransitDependentPopulationEstimates2010EPZPopulationSurveyAverageHHSizewithIndicatedNo.ofVehiclesEstimated No.ofHouseholds SurveyPercentHHwithIndicatedNo.ofVehiclesSurveyPercentHH withCommuters SurveyPercentHH withNon ReturningCommuters TotalPeopleRequiringTransportEstimatedRidesharingPercentagePeopleRequiring PublicTransitPercentPopulationRequiringPublicTransit01201214,1751.381.802.865,2894.8%22.5%38.5%67%22%52950%2651.9%

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 17KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table8 2.SchoolPopulationDemandEstimatesPAZSchoolNameMunicipalityEnrollmentStaffBusRunsRequired FAIRFIELDCOUNTYSCHOOLSA 2McCroreyListonElementarySchoolBlair219374C 2KellyMillerElementarySchoolWinnsboro270504FairfieldCountyTotal: 489878LEXINGTONCOUNTYSCHOOLSD 2AbnerMontessoriSchoolChapin116202D 2AlternativeAcademyChapin120173D 2ChapinElementarySchoolChapin84510513D 2ChapinHighSchool 1Chapin1,29315616D 2ChapinMiddleSchoolChapin1,10012222D 2CrookedCreekParkAfterSchoolProgram 2Chapin100202LexingtonCountyTotal: 3,47442056NEWBERRYCOUNTYSCHOOLSE 2LittleMountainElementaryLittleMountain373406E 2Mid CarolinaHighSchoolProsperity6998714E 2Mid CarolinaMiddleSchoolProsperity6007512F 2PomariaGarmanyElementarySchoolPomaria392506NewberryCountyTotal: 2,06425238EPZTotal: 6,027759102Notes:1500StudentsdrivetoChapinHighSchool.Discussionwithhighschoolofficialsindicatetheywouldpermitstudentstoevacuatetheschoolusingtheirpersonalvehicles.Only793studentsrequiretransportation(withonewheelchairboundstudent).2Studentsatthisfacilityarepreviouslycountedattheneighboringschools;therefore,theyhavenotbeeninclude dinthecountyorEPZtotals.Also,Childrenareatthisprogramonlywhenallotherschoolsarenotinsession;therefore,thebusesneededforthisfacilityhavenotbeenincludedinthecountyorEPZtotals.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 18KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table8 3.SchoolReceptionCentersSchoolPAZReceptionCenterMcCroreyListonElementarySchool A 2 WhiteOakConferenceCenterKellyMillerElementarySchoolC 2 AbnerMontessoriSchoolD 2CrossroadsMiddleSchoolAlternativeAcademyD 2 ChapinElementarySchoolD 2 ChapinHighSchoolD 2 ChapinMiddleSchoolD 2 CrookedCreekParkAfterSchoolProgramD 2 LittleMountainElementarySchool E 2 NewberryHighSchoolMid CarolinaHighSchoolE 2 Mid CarolinaMiddleSchoolE 2 Pomaria GarmanyElementaryF 2 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 19KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table8 4.SpecialFacilityTransitDemandPAZFacilityNameMunicipality Capacity CurrentCensus Ambulatory WheelchairBound Bedridden Ambul anceRuns WheelchairBusRuns WheelchairVanRuns BusRuns LEXINGTONCOUNTYMEDICIALFACILITIES D 2GenerationsofChapinChapin6460301532 1 0 1 Totals: 64 60 30 153 2 1 0 1 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 20KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table8 5.SummaryofTransportationResourcesTransportationResourceBusesVansWheelchairBusesWheelchairVansAmbulances ResourcesAvailableLexingtonCountySchoolDistrict10025NewberryCountySchoolDistrict26KellyMillerElementarySchool6McCroreyListonElementarySchool4GenerationsofChapin3FairfieldMemorialHospital9MedshoreAmbulance(throughmutualaid)337TOTAL: 136325346ResourcesNeededSchools(Table8 2): 102MedicalFacilities(Table8 4): 112TransitDependentPopulation(Table8 10): 9HomeboundSpecialNeeds(Section8.5): 139TOTALTRANSPORTATIONNEEDS: 113411 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 21KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table8 6.BusRouteDescriptionsBusRouteNumberDescriptionNodesTraversedfromRouteStarttoEPZBoundary 1ChapinHighSchool&AbnerMontessoriSchoolEvacuationRoute278,277,276,273,274,376,3772ChapinMiddleSchoolEvacuationRoute702,230,229,228,6863KellyMillerElementarySchoolEvacuationRoute896,654,652,75,744McCroreyListonElementarySchoolEvacuationRoute95,96,97,98,99,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,123,124,125,25LittleMountainElementarySchoolEvacuationRoute239,284,283,876,298,877,282,301,371,370,305,304,369,3686MidCarolinaHigh&MiddleSchoolEvacuationRoute859,858,243,311,292,291,303,302,304,369,3687Pomaria GarmanyElementarySchoolEvacuationRoute307,308,309,317,332,318,333,319,3208ChapinElementarySchoolEvacuationRoute702,230,229,228,6869CrookedCreekAfterschoolProgramEvacuationRoute702,230,229,228,68610AlternativeAcademyEvacuationRoute931,267,278,277,276,273,274,376,37711RichlandCountyTransitDependentBusRoute202,203,204,205,206,207,208,209,210,605,211,21212FairfieldCountyTransitDependentBusRoute1,3,33,34,35,803,482,483,484,485,486,487,488,489,480,49113LexingtonCountyTransitDependentBusRoute234,684,233,855,232,231,230,229,228,68614NewberryCountyTransitDependentBusRoute#1194,195,196,307,308,309,317,332,318,333,319,32015NewberryCountyTransitDependentBusRoute#2190,179,180,181,182,183,184,185,186,187,188,159,160,161,545,162,163

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 22KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table8 7.SchoolEvacuationTimeEstimatesGoodWeatherSchoolDriverMobilizationTimeLoadingTime(min)Dist.ToEPZBdry(mi.)Average Speed(mph)TravelTimetoEPZBdry(min.)ETE(hr:min)Dist.EPZBdrytoR.C.(mi.)TravelTimeEPZBdrytoR.C.(min)ETEtoR.C.(hr:min)FairfieldCounty,SCSchoolsMcCroreyListonElementarySchool9058.245.0111:5013.57192:05KellyMillerElementarySchool9051.441.031:4013.62192:00LexingtonCounty,SCSchoolsAbnerMontessoriSchool5054.445.061:059.75131:15AlternativeAcademy50 5 5.1 45.0 71:05 9.75 131:15 ChapinElementarySchool50 5 3.4 41.2 51:00 10.40 141:15 ChapinHighSchool50 5 4.4 45.0 61:05 9.75 131:15 ChapinMiddleSchool50 5 2.6 41.2 41:00 10.40 141:15 CrookedCreekParkAfterSchoolProgram*1552.844.240:2510.40140:40NewberryCounty,SCSchoolsLittleMountainElementarySchool9058.145.0111:505.8081:55Mid CarolinaHighSchool90 5 5.4 45.0 81:45 5.80 81:55 Mid CarolinaMiddleSchool90 5 5.4 45.0 81:45 5.80 81:55 Pomaria GarmanyElementarySchool9054.645.071:454.9771:50MaximumforEPZ: 1:50 Maximum: 2:05 AverageforEPZ: 1:26 Average: 1:37*Busesremainatthefacilitywhilestudentsareattheafterschoolprogram;therefore,ashortermobilizationtimeisappropriate.ETEisnotincludedinAverageforEPZasthisfacilityisonlyinusewhenallotherschoolsarenotinsession.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 23KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table8 8SchoolEvacuationTimeEstimates-RainSchoolDriverMobilizationTimeLoadingTime(min)Dist.ToEPZBdry(mi.)AverageSpeed(mph)TravelTimetoEPZBdry(min.)ETE(hr:min)Dist.EPZBdrytoR.C.(mi.)TravelTimeEPZBdrytoR.C.(min)ETEtoR.C.(hr:min)FairfieldCounty,SCSchoolsMcCroreyListonElementarySchool100108.240.0132:0513.57212:25KellyMillerElementarySchool100101.437.931:5513.62212:15LexingtonCounty,SCSchoolsAbnerMontessoriSchool60104.440.071:209.75151:35AlternativeAcademy6010 5.1 40.0 81:20 9.75 151:35 ChapinElementarySchool6010 3.4 37.3 61:20 10.40 161:35 ChapinHighSchool6010 4.4 40.0 71:20 9.75 151:35 ChapinMiddleSchool6010 2.6 37.3 51:15 10.40 161:35 CrookedCreekParkAfterSchoolProgram*25102.838.250:4010.40161:00NewberryCounty,SCSchoolsLittleMountainElementarySchool100108.140.0132:055.8092:15Mid CarolinaHighSchool10010 5.4 40.0 92:00 5.80 92:10 Mid CarolinaMiddleSchool10010 5.4 40.0 92:00 5.80 92:10 Pomaria GarmanyElementarySchool100104.640.072:004.9782:05MaximumforEPZ: 2:05 Maximum: 2:25 AverageforEPZ: 1:41 Average: 1:55*Busesremainatthefacilitywhilestudentsareattheafterschoolprogram;therefore,ashortermobilizationtimeisappropriate.ETEisnotincludedinAverageforEPZasthisfacilityisonlyinusewhenallotherschoolsarenotinsession.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 24KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table8 9SchoolEvacuationTimeEstimates-IceSchoolDriverMobilizationTimeLoadingTime(min)Dist.ToEPZBdry(mi.)Average Speed(mph)TravelTimetoEPZBdry(min.)ETE(hr:min)Dist.EPZBdrytoR.C.(mi.)TravelTimeEPZBdrytoR.C.(min)ETEtoR.C.(hr:min)FairfieldCounty,SCSchoolsMcCroreyListonElementarySchool110158.235.0152:2013.57242:45KellyMillerElementarySchool110151.433.632:1013.62242:35LexingtonCounty,SCSchoolsAbnerMontessoriSchool70154.435.081:359.75171:50AlternativeAcademy70 15 5.1 35.0 91:35 9.75 17 1:55 ChapinElementarySchool70 15 3.4 34.6 61:35 10.40 18 1:50 ChapinHighSchool70 15 4.4 35.0 81:35 9.75 17 1:50 ChapinMiddleSchool70 15 2.6 34.6 51:30 10.40 18 1:50 CrookedCreekParkAfterSchoolProgram*35152.834.450:5510.40181:15NewberryCounty,SCSchoolsLittleMountainElementarySchool110158.135.0142:205.80102:30Mid CarolinaHighSchool11015 5.4 35.0 102:15 5.80 102:25 Mid CarolinaMiddleSchool11015 5.4 35.0 102:15 5.80 102:25 Pomaria GarmanyElementarySchool110154.635.082:154.9792:25MaximumforEPZ: 2:20 Maximum: 2:45 AverageforEPZ: 1:56 Average: 2:12*Busesremainatthefacilitywhilestudentsareattheafterschoolprogram;therefore,ashortermobilizationtimeisappropriate.ETEisnotincludedinAverageforEPZasthisfacilityisonlyinusewhenallotherschoolsarenotinsession.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 25KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table8 10SummaryofTransit DependentBusRoutesRouteNumberRouteName No.ofBuses RouteDescription RouteLengthwithinEPZ(mi.)11RichlandCountyBusRoute 2RichlandCountyTransitDependentBusRoute36.212FairfieldCountyBusRoute2Route215inMonticelloSBtoRoute213EBtoSRS 20 48SBtoReservoirRdEBtoRionRdSBinRiontoRoute269NBtoUS321toWhiteOakConferenceCenter 15.513LexingtonCountyBusRoute 2US76EBinChapintoNWoodrowSttoCrossroadsMiddleSchool 3.714NewberryCountyBusRoute#1 2Route202NBinLittleMountaintoUS176WBtoRoute219toNewberryHighSchool11.215NewberryCountyBusRoute#21CRS 36 28NBinPeaktoRoute34WBtoI26EBtoRoute219SBtoNewberryHighSchool15.5 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 26KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table811.TransitDependentEvacuationTimeEstimatesGoodWeatherRouteNumberBusNumberOne WaveTwoWaveMobili zationRouteLength(miles)Speed(mph)RouteTravelTime(min)PickupTimeETEDistancetoRecCtr(miles)TravelTimetoRec.CtrUnload DriverRestRouteTravelTime(min)PickupTimeETE11112036.24548303:2011.31551063305:25214036.24548303:4011.31551063305:4512112015.54521302:5513.61851039304:35214015.54521303:1513.61851039304:551311203.7455302:3510.81451019303:5521403.7455302:5510.81451019304:151416011.24515301:455751022303:0028011.24515302:055751022303:201516015.54521301:5510.91551035303:30MaximumETE: 3:40MaximumETE: 5:45AverageETE: 2:42AverageETE: 4:17

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 27KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table812.TransitDependentEvacuationTimeEstimatesRainRouteNumberBusNumberOne WaveTwoWaveMobili zationRouteLength(miles)Speed(mph)RouteTravelTime(min)PickupTimeETEDistancetoRecCtr(miles)TravelTimetoRec.CtrUnload DriverRestRouteTravelTime(min)PickupTimeETE11113036.24054403:4511.31751071406:10215036.24054404:0511.31751071406:3012113015.54023403:1513.62051044405:15215015.54023403:3513.62051044405:351311303.7406403:0010.81651022404:3021503.7406403:2010.81651022404:501417011.24017402:105851024403:3529011.24017402:305851024403:551517015.54023402:1510.91651040404:05MaximumETE: 4:05MaximumETE: 6:30AverageETE: 3:06AverageETE: 4:56 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation8 28KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table813.TransitDependentEvacuationTimeEstimatesIceRouteNumberBusNumberOne WaveTwoWaveMobili zationRouteLength(miles)Speed(mph)RouteTravelTime(min)PickupTimeETEDistancetoRecCtr(miles)TravelTimetoRec.CtrUnload DriverRestRouteTravelTimePickupTimeETE11114036.23562504:1511.31951081507:00216036.23562504:3511.31951081507:2012114015.53527503:4013.62351050505:55216015.53527504:0013.62351050506:151311403.7356503:2010.81951025505:0521603.7356503:4010.81951025505:251418011.23519502:305951028504:15210011.23519502:505951028504:351518015.53527502:4010.91951045504:50MaximumETE: 4:35MaximumETE: 7:20AverageETE: 3:30AverageETE: 5:37 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation9 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.59 TRAFFICMANAGEMENTSTRATEGYThissectiondiscussesthesuggestedtrafficcontrolandmanagementstrategythatisdesignedtoexpeditethemovementofevacuatingtraffic.Theresourcesrequiredtoimplementthisstrategyinclude:* Personnelwiththecapabilitiesofperformingtheplannedcontrolfunctionsoftrafficguides(preferably,notnecessarily,lawenforcementofficers)* TrafficControlDevicestoassistthesepersonnelintheperformanceoftheirtasks.ThesedevicesshouldcomplywiththeguidanceoftheManualofUniformTrafficControlDevices(MUTCD)publishedbytheFederalHighwayAdministration(FHWA)oftheU.S.D.O.T.AllstateandmostcountytransportationagencieshaveaccesstotheMUTCD,whichisav ailableon line:http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.govwhichprovidesaccesstotheofficialPDFversion* Aplanthatdefinesalllocations,providesnecessarydetailsandisdocumentedinaformatthatisreadilyunderstoodbythoseassignedtoperformtrafficcontrolThefunctionstobeperformedinthefieldare:1. FacilitateevacuatingtrafficmovementsthatsafelyexpeditetraveloutoftheEPZ2. Discouragetrafficmovementsthatmoveevacuatingvehiclesinadirectionwhichtakesthemsignificantlyclosertothepowerplant,orwhichinterfereswiththeefficientflowofotherevacueesWeemploytheterms"facilitate"and"discourage"ratherthan"enforce"and"prohibit"toindicatetheneedforflexibilityinperformingthetrafficcontrolfunction.Therearealwayslegitimatereasonsforadrivertopreferadirectionotherthanthatindicated.Forex ample:* Adrivermaybetravelinghomefromworkorfromanotherlocation,tojoinotherfamilymemberspriortoevacuating* Anevacuatingdrivermaybetravellingtopickuparelative,orotherevacuees* ThedrivermaybeanemergencyworkerenroutetoperformanimportantactivityTheimplementationofaplanmustalsobeflexibleenoughfortheapplicationofsoundjudgmentbythetrafficguide.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation9 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Thetrafficmanagementplanistheoutcomeofthefollowingprocess:1. TheexistingTCPsandACPsidentifiedbytheoffsiteagenciesintheirexistingemergencyplansserveasthebasisofthetrafficmanagementplan,asperNUREG/CR 70022. ComputeranalysisoftheevacuationtrafficflowenvironmentThisanalysisidentifiesthebestroutingandthosecriticalintersectionstha texperiencepronouncedcongestion.AnycriticalintersectionsthatarenotidentifiedintheexistingoffsiteplansaresuggestedasadditionalTCPsandACPs3. Afieldsurveyofthehighwaynetworkwithin15milesofthepowerplant4. Consultationwithemergencymanagementandlawenforcementpersonnel5. PrioritizationofTCPsandACPsApplicationoftrafficandaccesscontrolatsomeTCPsandACPswillhaveamorepronouncedinfluenceonexpeditingtrafficmovementsthanatotherTCPsandACPs.Forexample,TCPscontrollingtrafficoriginatingfromareasincloseproximitytothepowerplantcouldhaveamorebeneficialeffectonminimizingpotentialexposuretoradioactivitythanthoseTCPslocatedfarfromth epowerplant.TheuseofIntelligentTransportationSystems(ITS)technologiescanreducemanpowerandequipmentneeds,whilestillfacilitatingtheevacuationprocess.DynamicMessageSigns(DMS)canbeplacedwithintheEPZtoprovideinformationtotravelersregardingtrafficconditions,routeselection,andreceptioncenterinformation.DMScanalsobeplacedoutsideoftheEPZtowarnmotoriststoavoidusingroutesthatmayconflictwiththeflowofevacueesawayfromthepowerplant.HighwayAdvisoryRadio(HAR)canbeusedtobroadcastinformationtoevacueesenroutethroughtheirvehiclester eosystems.AutomatedTravelerInformationSystems(ATIS)canalsobeusedtoprovideevacueeswithinformation.Internetwebsitescanprovidetrafficandevacuationrouteinformationbeforetheevacueebeginshistrip,whileonboardnavigationsystems(GPSunits),cellphones,andpagerscanbeusedtoprovideinformationenroute.TheseareonlyseveralexamplesofhowITStechnologiescanbenefittheevacuationprocess.ConsiderationshouldbegiventhatITStechnologiesbeusedtofacilitatetheevacuationprocess,andanyadditionalsignageplacedshouldconsiderevacuationneeds.TheETEanalysistreatedallintersectionsthatareexistingTCPlocationsintheof fsiteagencyplansasbeingcontrolledbyactuatedsignals.Chapters2Nand5G,andPart6ofthe2009MUTCDareparticularlyrelevantandshouldbereviewedduringemergencyresponsetraining.TheETEcalculationsreflecttheassumptionthatall"externalexternal"tripsareinterdictedanddivertedafter2hourshaveelapsedfromtheadvisorytoevacuate(ATE).AlltransitvehiclesandotherrespondersenteringtheEPZtosupporttheevacuationareassumedtobeunhinderedbypersonnelmanningACPsandTCPs.StudyAssumptions6and7inSection2.3discussACPandTCPstaffingschedulesandoperations.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation10 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.510 EVACUATIONROUTESEvacuationroutesarecomprisedoftwodistinctcomponents:* RoutingfromaProtectiveActionZone(PAZ)beingevacuatedtotheboundaryoftheEvacuationRegionandthenceoutoftheEmergencyPlanningZone(EPZ)* Routingoftransit dependentevacueesfromtheEPZboundarytoreceptioncentersEvacueeswillselectrouteswithintheEPZinsu chawayastominimizetheirexposuretorisk.ThisexpectationismetbytheDYNEVIImodelroutingtrafficawayfromthelocationoftheplant,totheextentpracticable.TheDTRADmodelsatisfiesthisbehaviorbyroutingtrafficsoastobalancetrafficdemandrelativetotheavailablehighwaycapa citytotheextentpossible.SeeAppendicesBthroughDforfurtherdiscussion.Theroutingoftransit dependentevacueesfromtheEPZboundarytoreceptioncentersorhostfacilitiesisdesignedtominimizetheamountoftraveloutsidetheEPZ,fromthepointswheretheseroutescrosstheEPZboundary.Figure10 1presentsamapshowi ngthegeneralpopulationreceptioncenters.ThemajorevacuationroutesforthefourquadrantsoftheEPZarepresentedinFigure10 2.Itisassumedthatallschoolevacueeswillbetakentotheappropriatehostschool/receptioncenterandsubsequentlypickedupbyparentsorguardians.Transit dependentevacueesaretransportedtothenearestreceptioncenterforeachcounty.Thisstudydoesnotconsiderthetransportofevacueesfromreceptioncenterstocongregatecarecenters,ifthecountiesdomakethedecisiontorelocateevacuees.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation10 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure10 1.GeneralPopulationReceptionCenters EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation10 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Figure10 2.EvacuationRouteMap EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation11 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.511 SURVEILLANCEOFEVACUATIONOPERATIONSThereisaneedforsurveillanceoftrafficoperationsduringtheevacuation.Thereisalsoaneedtoclearanyblockageofroadwaysarisingfromaccidentsorvehicledisablement.Surveillancecantakeseveralforms.1. Trafficcontrolpersonnel,locatedatTrafficControlandAccessControlpoints,providefixed pointsurveillance2. Groundpatrolsmaybeundertakenalongwell definedpathstoensurecoverageofthosehighwaysthatserveasmajorevacuationroutes3. Aerialsurveillanceofevacuationoperationsmayalsobeconductedusinghelicopterorfixed wingaircraft,ifavailable4. Cellularphonecalls(ifcellularcoverageexists)frommotoristsmayalsoprovidedirectfieldreportsofroadblockagesTheseconcurrentsurveillanceproceduresaredesignedtoprovidecoverageoftheentireEPZaswellastheareaarounditsperiphery.Itistheresponsibilityofthecountiestosupportanemergencyresponsesystemthatcanreceivemessagesfromthefieldandbeinapositiontorespondtoanyreportedproblemsinatimelymanner.Thiscoverageshouldquic klyidentify,andexpeditetheresponsetoanyblockagecausedbyadisabledvehicle.TowVehiclesInalow speedtrafficenvironment,anyvehicledisablementislikelytoariseduetoalow speedcollision,mechanicalfailure,ortheexhaustionofitsfuelsupply.Inanycase,thedisabledvehiclecanbepushedontotheshoulder,therebyrestoringtrafficflow.Pastexperienceinotheremergenciesindicatesthatevacueeswhoareleavinganareaoftenperformactivitiessuchaspushingadisabledvehicletothesideoftheroadwithoutprom pting.Whiletheneedfortowvehiclesisexpectedtobelowunderthecircumstancesdescribedabove,itisstillprudenttobepreparedforsuchaneed.Considerationshouldbegiventhattowtruckswithasupplyofgasolinebedeployedatstrategiclo cationswithin,orjustoutside,theEPZ.Theselocationsshouldbeselectedsothat: Theypermitaccesstokey,heavilyloaded,evacuationroutes Respondingtowtruckswouldmostlikelytravelcounter flowrelativetoevacuatingtrafficConsiderationshouldalsobegiventhatthestateandlocalemergencymanagementagenciesencouragegasstationstoremainopenduringtheevacuation.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation12 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.512 CONFIRMATIONTIMEItisnecessarytoconfirmthattheevacuationprocessiseffectiveinthesensethatthepubliciscomplyingwiththeAdvisorytoEvacuate.Part3(pagePart3 5)oftheSouthCarolinaOperationalRadiologicalEmergencyResponsePlanindicatesthatevacuationconfirmationtimeis4 5hours;however,detailsonhowtheevacuationwillbeconfirmedarenotprovided.Shouldprocedurestoconfirmevac uationnotalreadyexist,wesuggestanalternativeorcomplementaryapproach.Theprocedurewesuggestemploysastratifiedrandomsampleandatelephonesurvey.ThesizeofthesampleisdependentontheexpectednumberofhouseholdsthatdonotcomplywiththeAdvisorytoEvacuate.Itisreasonabletoassume,fo rthepurposeofestimatingsamplesizethatatleast80percentofthepopulationwithintheEPZwillcomplywiththeAdvisorytoEvacuate.Onthisbasis,ananalysiscouldbeundertaken(seeTable121)toyieldanestimatedsamplesizeofapproximately300.Theconfirmationprocessshouldstartatabout2hoursand30minutesaftertheAdvisorytoEvacuate,whichiswhen90percentofevacueeshavecompletedtheirmobilizationactivities(seeFigure5 4).Atthistime,virtuallyallevacueeswillhavedepartedontheirrespectivetripsandthelocaltelephonesystemwillbelargelyfreeoftraffic.AsindicatedinTable12 1,approximately71/2personhoursareneededtocompletethetelephonesurvey.Ifsixpeopleareassignedtothistask,eachdialingadifferentsetoftelephoneexchanges(e.g.,eachpersoncanbeassignedadifferentse tofPAZs),thentheconfirmationprocesswillextendoveratimeframeofabout75minutes.Thus,theconfirmationshouldbecompletedbeforetheevacuatedareaiscleared.Ofcourse,fewerpeoplewouldbeneededforthissurveyiftheEvacuationRegionwereonlyaportionoftheEPZ.Useofmodernautomatedcomputercontrolleddialingequipmentcansignificantlyreducethemanpowerrequirementsandthetimerequiredtoundertakethistypeofconfirmationsurvey.Ifthismethodisindeedusedbytheoffsiteagencies,considerationshouldbegiventomaintainalistoftelephonenumberswithintheEPZintheEmergencyOperationsCenter(EOC)atalltimes.Suchalistcouldbepurchasedfromvendorsandshouldbeperiodicallyupdated.Asindicatedabove,theconfirmationprocessshouldnotbeginuntil2hoursand30minutesaftertheAdvisorytoEvacuate.This21/2 hourtimeframewillenabletelephoneoperatorstoarriveattheirworkplace,obtainacalllistandpreparetomakethenecessaryphonecalls.Shouldthenumberoftelephoneresponses(i.e.,peoplestillathome)exceed20percent,thenthetelephonesurveyshouldberepeatedafteranhour'sintervaluntiltheconfirma tionprocessiscompleted.Othertechniquesshouldalsobeconsidered.Aftertrafficvolumesdecline,thepersonnelmanningTCPscanberedeployedtotravelthroughresidentialareastoobserveandtoconfirmevacuationactivities.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation12 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Table12 1.EstimatedNumberofTelephoneCallsRequiredforConfirmationofEvacuationProblemDefinitionEstimatenumberofphonecalls,n,neededtoascertaintheproportion,Fofhouseholdsthathavenotevacuated.

Reference:

Burstein,H.,AttributeSampling,McGrawHill,1971Given: No.ofhouseholdsplusotherfacilities,N,withintheEPZ(est.)=5,300 Est.proportion,F,ofhouseholdsthatwillnotevacuate=0.20 Allowableerrormargin,e:0.05 Confidencelevel,:0.95(impliesA=1.96)ApplyingTable10ofcitedreference,Finitepopulationcorrection:

Thus,some300telephonecallswillconfirmthatapproximately20percentofthepopulationhasnotevacuated.Ifonly10percentofthepopulationdoesnotcomplywiththeAdvisorytoEvacuate,thentherequiredsamplesize,n F=207.

Est.PersonHourstocomplete300telephonecallsAssume: Timetodialusingtouchtone(randomselectionoflistednumbers):30seconds Timefor6rings(noanswer):36seconds Timefor4ringsplusshortconversation:60sec. Intervalbetweencalls:20sec.PersonHours:

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStation13 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.513 RECOMMENDATIONSThefollowingrecommendationsareoffered:1. ExaminationofthegeneralpopulationETEinSection7showsthattheETEfor100percentofthepopulationisgenerally2to21/2hourslongerthanfor90percentofthepopulation.Specifically,theadditionaltimeneededforthelast10percentofthepopulationtoevacuatecanbeasmuchasdoublethetimeneededtoevacuat e90percentofthepopulation.Thisnon linearityreflectsthefactthattheserelativelyfewstragglersrequiresignificantlymoretimetomobilize(i.e.preparefortheevacuationtrip)thantheirneighbors.Thisleadstotworecommendations:a. Thepublicoutreach(information)programshouldemphasizetheneedforevacueestominimizethetimeneededtopreparetoevacuate(securethehome,assembleneededclothes,medicines,etc.)b. ThedecisionmakersshouldreferenceTable7 1whichlistthetimeneededtoevacuate90percentofthepopulation,whenpreparingreco mmendedprotectiveactions,asperNUREG/CR 7002guidance2. Stagedevacuationhasbeenshowntobeineffectiveinreducingevacuationtimeforthe2 mileregion.ThereisnocongestionwithintheEPZ;thusevacueesfromthe2 mileregionarenotdelayedwhenevacuating.Stagedevacuationneednotbeconsider edindevelopingprotectiveactionrecommendationand/ordecisionlogic.3. Theroadwayimpactscenarioconsidered,closingonelaneeastboundonI 26inLexingtonCounty,didnotmateriallyaffectETE.SufficientreservehighwaycapacityandtheavailabilityofalternativeroutesmitigatetheimpactsonETE.4. Countiesshouldimplementprocedureswherebyschoolsarecontactedpriortodi spatchofbusesfromthedepotstogetanaccuratecountofstudentsneedingtransportationandthenumberofbusesrequired(SeeSection8).5. AverageschoolETE(Tables8 7through8 9)doesnotexceedtheETEforthegeneralpopulationatthe90 thpercentileforanevacuationoftheentireEPZ(RegionR03).TheETEfortransit dependentpeople(Tables8 11through8 13)doexceedtheETEforthegeneralpopulationatthe90 thpercentile.Thus,Tables8 11through8 13shouldbeconsideredwhenmakingProtectiveActionDecisions.6. IntelligentTransportationSystems(ITS)suchasDynamicMessageSigns(DMS),HighwayAdvisoryRadio(HAR),AutomatedTravelerInformationSystems(ATIS),etc.shouldbeusedtofacilitatetheevacuationprocess(SeeSection9).Theplacementofadditionalsignageshouldconsiderevacuationneeds.7. Countiesshouldestablishstrategiclocationstopositiontowtrucksprovidedwithgasolinecontainersintheeventofadisabledvehicleduringtheevacuationprocess(seeSection11)andshouldencouragegasstationstoremainopenduringtheevacuation.8. CountiesshouldestablishasystemtoconfirmthattheAdvisorytoEvacuateisbeingadheredto(seetheapproachsuggestedbyKLDinSection12).ShouldtheapproachrecommendedbyKLDinSection12beused,alistoftelephonenumberswithintheEPZshouldbekeptintheEmergencyOperationsCenter(EOC).TheuseofRevers e911orautomateddialingtechnologiesmaybeconsidered,ifavailable.

APPENDIXAGlossaryofTrafficEngineeringTerms EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationA 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5A GLOSSARYOFTRAFFICENGINEERINGTERMSTableA 1.GlossaryofTrafficEngineeringTermsTermDefinitionAnalysisNetworkAgraphicalrepresentationofthegeometrictopologyofaphysicalroadwaysystem,whichiscomprisedofdirectionallinksandnodes.LinkAnetworklinkrepresentsaspecific,one directionalsectionofroadway.Alinkhasbothphysical(length,numberoflanes,topology,etc.)andoperational(turnmovementpercentages,servicerate,free flowspeed)characteristics.MeasuresofEffectiven essStatisticsdescribingtrafficoperationsonaroadwaynetwork.NodeAnetworknodegenerallyrepresentsanintersectionofnetworklinks.Anodehascontrolcharacteristics,i.e.,theallocationofservicetimetoeachapproachlink.OriginAlocationattachedtoanetworklink,withintheEPZorShadowRegion,wheretripsaregeneratedataspecifiedrateinvehiclesperhour(vph).Thesetripsentertheroadwaysystemtotraveltotheirrespectivedestinations.PrevailingRoadwayandTrafficConditionsRelatestothephysicalfeaturesoftheroadway,thenature(e.g.,composition)oftrafficontheroadwayandtheambientconditions(weather,visibility,pavementconditions,etc.).ServiceRateMaximumrateatwhichvehicles,executingaspecificturnmaneuver,canbedischargedfromasectionofroadwayattheprevailingconditions,expressedinvehiclespersecond(vps)orvehiclesperhour(vph).ServiceVolumeMaximumnumberofvehicleswhichcanpassoverasectionofroadwayinonedirectionduringaspecifiedtimeperiodwithoperatingconditionsataspecifiedLevelofService(TheServiceVolumeattheupperboundofLevelofService,E,equalsCapacity).ServiceVolumeisusuallyexpressedasvehiclesperhour(vph).SignalCycl eLengthThetotalelapsedtimetodisplayallsignalindications,insequence.Thecyclelengthisexpressedinseconds.SignalIntervalAsinglecombinationofsignalindications.Theintervaldurationisexpressedinseconds.Asignalphaseiscomprisedofasequenceofsignalintervals,usuallygreen ,yellow,red.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationA 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TermDefinitionSignalPhaseAsetofsignalindications(andintervals)whichservicesaparticularcombinationoftrafficmovementsonselectedapproachestotheintersection.Thephasedurationisexpressedinseconds.Traffic(Trip)AssignmentAprocessofassigningtraffictopathsoftravelinsuchawayastosatisfyalltripobjectives(i.e.,thedesireofeac hvehicletotravelfromaspecifiedorigininthenetworktoaspecifieddestination)andtooptimizesomestatedobjectiveorcombinationofobjectives.Ingeneral,theobjectiveisstatedintermsofminimizingageneralized"cost".Forexample,"cost"maybeexpressedintermsoftraveltime.TrafficDensityThenumberofvehiclesthatoccupyonelaneofaroadwaysectionofspecifiedlengthatapointintime,expressedasvehiclespermile(vpm).Traffic(Trip)Distribution Aprocessfordeterminingthedestinationsofal ltrafficgeneratedattheorigins.TheresultoftentakestheformofaTripTable,whichisamatrixoforigin destinationtrafficvolumes.TrafficSimulationAcomputermodeldesignedtorepl icatethereal worldoperationofvehiclesonaroadwaynetwork,soastoprovidestatisticsdescribingtrafficperformance.ThesestatisticsarecalledMeasuresofEffectiven ess.TrafficVolumeThenumberofvehiclesthatpassoverasectionofroadwayinonedirection,expressedinvehiclesperhour(vph).Whereapplicable,trafficvolumemaybestratifiedbyturnmovement.TravelModeDistinguishesbetweenprivateauto,bus,rail,pedestrianandairtravelmodes.TripTableorOrigin DestinationMatrixArect angularmatrixortable,whoseentriescontainthenumberoftripsgeneratedateachspecifiedorigin,duringaspecifiedtimeperiod,thatareattractedto(andtraveltoward)eachofitsspecifieddestinations.Thesevaluesareexpressedinvehiclesperhour(vph)orinvehicles.TurningCapacityThecapacit yassociatedwiththatcomponentofthetrafficstreamwhichexecutesaspecifiedturnmaneuverfromanapproachatanintersection.

APPENDIXBDTRAD:DynamicTrafficAssignmentandDistributionModel EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationB 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5B. DYNAMICTRAFFICASSIGNMENTANDDISTRIBUTIONMODELThissectiondescribestheintegrateddynamictripassignmentanddistributionmodelnamedDTRAD(DynamicTrafficAssignmentandDistribution)thatisexpresslydesignedforuseinanalyzingevacuationscenarios.DTRADemployslogitbasedpath choiceprinciplesandisoneofthemodelsoftheDYNEVIISystem.TheDTRADmoduleimplementspath basedDynamicTrafficAssignment(DTA)sothattimedependentOrigin Destination(OD)tripsare"assigned"toroutesoverthenetworkbasedonprevailingtrafficconditions.ToapplytheDYNEVIISystem,th eanalystmustspecifythehighwaynetwork,linkcapacityinformation,thetime varyingvolumeoftrafficgeneratedatallorigincentroidsand,optionally,asetofaccessiblecandidatedestinationnodesontheperipheryoftheEPZforselectedorigins.DTRADcalculatestheoptimaldynamictripdistribution(i.e.,tripdestin ations)andtheoptimaldynamictripassignment(i.e.,triprouting)ofthetrafficgeneratedateachoriginnodetravelingtoitssetofcandidatedestinationnodes,soastominimizeevacueetravel"cost".OverviewofIntegratedDistributionandAssignmentModelTheunderlyingpremiseisthattheselectionofdestinationsandroutesisintrinsicallycoupledinanevacuationscenario.Thatis,peopleinvehiclesseektotraveloutofanareaofpotentialriskasrapidlyaspossiblebyselectingthe"best"routes.Themodelisdesignedtoidentifythese"best"routesinamannerthatrealisticallydistributesvehiclesfromoriginstodestinationsandroutesthemoverthehighwaynetwork,inaconsistentandoptimalmanner,reflectingevacueebehavior.Foreachorigin,asetof"candidatedestinationnodes"isselectedbythesoftwarelogicandbytheanalysttoreflectthedesirebyevacueestotravelawayfromthepowerplantandtoaccessmajorhighways.Thespecificdestin ationnodeswithinthissetthatareselectedbytravelersandtheselectionoftheconnectingpathsoftravel,arebothdeterminedbyDTRAD.ThisdeterminationismadebyalogitbasedpathchoicemodelinDTRAD,soastominimizethetrip"cost",asdiscussedlater.Thetrafficloadingonthenetworkandtheconsequentoperationaltrafficenvironmentofthenetwork(density,speed,throughputoneachlink)varyovertimeastheevacuationtakesplace.TheDTRADmodel,whichisinterfacedwiththeDYNEVsimu lationmodel,executesasuccessionof"sessions"whereinitcomputestheoptimalroutingandselectionofdestinationnodesfortheconditionsthatexistatthattime.InterfacingtheDYNEVSimulationModelwithDTRADTheDYNEVIIsystemreflectsNRCguidancethatevacueeswillseektotravelinageneraldirectionawayfromthelocationofthehazardousevent.AnalgorithmwasdevelopedtosupporttheDTRADmodelindynamicallyvaryingtheTripTable(O Dmatrix)overtimefromoneDTRADsessiontothenext.Anothe ralgorithmexecutesa"mapping"fromthespecified"geometric"network(link nodeanalysisnetwork)thatrepresentsthephysicalhighwaysystem,toa"path"networkthatrepresentsthevehicle[turn]movements.DTRADcomputationsareperformedonthe"path"network:DYNEVsimulationmodel,onthe"geometric"network.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationB 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5DTRADDescriptionDTRADistheDTAmodulefortheDYNEVIISystem.Whentheroadnetworkunderstudyislarge,multipleroutingoptionsareusuallyavailablebetweentriporiginsanddestinations.TheproblemofloadingtrafficdemandsandpropagatingthemoverthenetworklinksiscalledNetworkLoadingandisaddressedbyDYNEVIIusingmacroscopictrafficsimulationmodeling.TrafficassignmentdealswithcomputingthedistributionofthetrafficovertheroadnetworkforgivenO Ddemandsandisamodeloftheroutechoiceofthedrivers.Traveldemandchangessignificantlyovertime,andtheroadnetworkmayhavetimedependentcharacteristics,e.g.,time varyingsignaltimingorreducedroadcapacitybecauseoflaneclosure,ortrafficcongestion.Toconsiderthesetimedependencies,DTAproceduresarerequired.TheDTRADDTAmodulerepresentsthedynamicroutechoicebehaviorofdrivers,usingthespecificationofdynamicorigindestinationmatricesasflowinput.Driverschoosetheirroutesthroughthenetworkbasedonthetravelcosttheyexperience(asdeterminedbyth esimulationmodel).Thisallowstraffictobedistributedoverthenetworkaccordingtothetime dependentconditions.ThemodelingprinciplesofD TRADinclude: Itisassumedthatdriversnotonlyselectthebestroute(i.e.,lowestcostpath)butsomealsoselectlessattractiveroutes.ThealgorithmimplementedbyDTRADarchivesseveral"efficient"routesforeachO Dpairfromwhichthedriverschoose. Thechoiceofonerouteoutofasetofpossibleroutesisanoutcomeof"discretechoicemodeling".Givenasetofroutesandtheirgeneralizedcosts,thepercentagesofdriversthatchooseeachrouteiscomputed.Themostprevalentmodelfordiscretechoicemodelingisthelogitmodel.DTRADusesavariantofPath Size Logitmodel(PSL).PSLovercomesthedrawbackofthetraditionalmultinomiallogitmodelbyincorporatinganadditionaldeterministicpathsizecorrectiontermtoaddresspathoverlappingintherandomutilityexpr ession. DTRADexecutestheTAalgorithmonanabstractnetworkrepresentationcalled"thepathnetwork"whichisbuiltfromtheactualphysicallink nodeanalysisnetwork.Thisexecutioncontinuesuntilastablesituationisreached:thevolumesandtraveltimesontheedgesofthepathnetworkdonotchangesignificantlyfromoneiterationtothenext.Thecriteriaforthisconvergencearedefinedbytheuser. Travel"cost"playsacrucialroleinroutechoice.InDTRAD,pathcostisalinearsummationofthegeneralizedcostofeachlinkthatcomprisesthepath.Thegeneralizedcostforalink,a,isexpressedasaaaactls,where a c isthegeneralizedcostforlinka,and , ,and arecostcoefficientsforlinktraveltime,distance,andsupplementalcost,respectively.Distanceandsupplementalcostsaredefinedasinvariantpropertiesofthenetworkmodel,whiletraveltimeisadynamicpropertydictatedbyprevailingtrafficconditions.TheDYNEVsimulationmodel EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationB 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5computestraveltimesonalledgesinthenetworkandDTRADusesthatinformationtoconstantlyupdatethecostsofpaths.Theroutechoicedecisionmodelinthenextsimulationiterationusestheseupdatedvaluestoadjusttheroutechoicebehavior.Thisway,trafficdemandsaredynamicallyre assignedbasedontimedependentconditions.TheinteractionbetweentheDTRADtrafficassignmentandDYNEVIIsimulationmodelsisdepictedinFigureB 1.EachroundofinteractioniscalledaTrafficAssignmentSession(TAsession).ATAsessioniscomposedofmultipleiterations,markedasloopBinthefigure. Thesupplementalcostisbasedonthe"survivaldistribution"(avariationoftheexponentialdistribution).TheInverseSurvivalFunctionisa"cost"terminDTRADtorepresentthepotentialriskoftraveltowardtheplant:s a=

ln(p),0pl; 0p=d n=Distanceofnode,n,fromtheplantd 0=Distancefromtheplantwherethereiszerorisk=ScalingfactorThevalueofd o=15miles,theouterdistanceoftheshadowregion.Notethatthesupplementalcost,s a,oflink,a,is(high,low),ifitsdownstreamnode,n,is(near,farfrom)thepowerplant.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationB 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NetworkEquilibriumIn1952,JohnWardropwrote:Underequilibriumconditionstrafficarrangesitselfincongestednetworksinsuchawaythatnoindividualtripmakercanreducehispathcostsbyswitchingroutes.Theabovestatementdescribesthe"UserEquilibrium"definition,alsocalledthe"SelfishDriverEquilibrium".Itisahypothesisthatrepres entsa[hopeful]conditionthatevolvesovertimeasdriverssearchoutalternativeroutestoidentifythoseroutesthatminimizetheirrespective"costs".Ithasbeenfoundthatthis"equilibrium"objectivetominimizecostsislargelyrealizedbymostdriverswhoroutinelytakethesametripoverthesamenetworkatthesametime(i.e.,commuters).Effectively,suchdrivers"learn"whichroutesarebestforthemovertime.Thus,thetrafficenvironment"settlesdown"toanear equilibriumstate.Clearly,sinceanemergencyevacuationisasudden,uniqueevent,itdoesnotconstitutealong termlearningexperiencewhichcanachieveanequilibriu mstate.Consequently,DTRADwasnotdesignedasanequilibriumsolution,buttorepresentdriversinanewandunfamiliarsituation,whorespondinaflexiblemannertoreal timeinformation(eitherbroadcastorobserved)insuchawayastominimizetheirrespectivecostsoftravel.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationB 5KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureB 1.FlowDiagramofSimulationDTRADInterfaceStartofnextDTRADSession Set Clocktime.ArchiveSystemStateatDefinelatestLinkTurnPercentagesExecuteSimulationModelfromtime,(burntime)ProvideDTRADwithlinkMOEattime,ExecuteDTRADiteration; GetnewTurnPercentagesRetrieveSystemStateat;ApplynewLinkTurnPercentsDTRADiterationconverges?

Nextiteration Simulatefrom(DTAsessionduration)SetClockto ABA Yes No B APPENDIXCDYNEVTrafficSimulationModel EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationC 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5C. DYNEVTRAFFICSIMULATIONMODELTheDYNEVtrafficsimulationmodelisamacroscopicmodelthatdescribestheoperationsoftrafficflowintermsofaggregatevariables:vehicles,flowrate,meanspeed,volume,density,queuelength,oneachlink ,foreachturnmovement,duringeachTimeInterval(simulationtimestep).Themodelsimulatesthemovementsofallvehiclesonallnetworklinksovertimeuntilthenetworkisempt y.Atintervals,themodeloutputsMeasuresofEffectiveness(MOE)suchasthoselistedinTableC 1.ModelFeaturesInclude: Explicitconsiderationistakenofthevariationindensityoverthetimestep;aniterat iveprocedureisemployedtocalculateanaveragedensityoverthesimulationtimestepforthepurposeofcomputingameanspeedformovingvehicles. Multipleturnmovementscanbeservicedononelink;aseparatealgorithmisusedtoestimatethenumberof(fractional)lanesassignedtotheve hiclesperformingeachturnmovement,based,inpart,ontheturnpercentagesprovidedbytheDTRADmodel. Atanypointintime,trafficflowonalinkissubdividedintotwoclassifications:queuedandmovingvehicles.Thenumberofvehiclesineachclassificationiscomputed.Vehiclespillback,stratifiedbyturnmovementforeachnetworklink,isexplicitlyconsideredandquantified.Thepropagationofstoppingwavesfromlinktolinkiscomputedwithineachtimestepofthesimulation.Thereisno"verticalstacking"ofqueuesonalink. Anylinkca naccommodate"sourceflow"fromzonesviasidestreetsandparkingfacilitiesthatarenotexplicitlyrepr esented.Thisflowrepresentstheevacuatingtripsthataregeneratedatthesource. Therelationbetweenthenumberofvehiclesoccupyingthelinkanditsstoragecapacityismonitoredeverytimestepforeverylinkandforeveryturnmovement.Iftheavailablestoragecapa cityonalinkisexceededbythedemandforservice,thenthesimulatorappliesa"metering"ratetotheenteringtrafficfromboththeupstreamfeedersandsourcenodetoensurethattheavailablestoragecapacityisnotexceeded. A"pathnetwork"thatrepresentsthespecifiedtrafficmovementsfro meachnetworklinkisconstructedbythemodel;thispathnetworkisutilizedbytheDTRADmodel. Atwo wayinterfacewithDTRAD:(1)provideslinktraveltimes;(2)receivesdatathattranslatesintolinkturnpercentages. ProvidesMOEtoanimationsoftware,EVAN CalculatesETEstatisticsAlltrafficsimulationmodelsaredata intensive.TableC 2outlinesthenecessaryinputdataelements.Toprovideanefficientframeworkfordefiningthesespecifications,thephysicalhighwayenvironmentisrepresentedasanetwork.Theunidirectionallinksofthenetworkrepresentroadwaysections:rural,multi lane,urbanstreets,orfreeways.Thenodesofthenetwork EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationC 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5generallyrepresentintersectionsorpointsalongasectionwhereageometricpropertychanges(e.g.alanedrop,changeingrade,orfreeflowspeed).FigureC 1isanexampleofasmallnetworkrepresentation.Thefreewayisdefinedbythesequenceoflinks,(20,21),(21,22),and(22,23).Links(8001,19)and(3,8011)areEntryandExi tlinks,respectively.Anarterialextendsfromnode3tonode19andispartiallysubsumedwithinagridnetwork.Notethatlinks(21,22)and(17,19)aregrade separated.TableC 1.SelectedMeasuresofEffectivenessOutputbyDYNEVIIMeasureUnitsAppliesToVehiclesDischargedVehiclesLink,Network,ExitLinkSpeedMiles/Hours(mph)Link,NetworkDensityVehicles/Mile/LaneLinkLevelofServiceLOSLinkContentVehiclesNetworkTravelTimeVehicle hoursNetworkEvacuatedVehiclesVehiclesNetwork,ExitLinkTripTravelTimeVehicleminutes/tripNetworkCapacityUtilizationPercentExitLinkAttractionPercentoftotalevacuatingvehiclesExitLinkMaxQueueVehiclesNode,ApproachTimeofMaxQueueHours:minutesNode,ApproachRouteStatisticsLength(mi);MeanSpeed(mph);TravelTime(min)RouteMeanTravelTimeMinutesEvacuationTrips,Network EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationC 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableC 2.InputRequirementsfortheDYNEVIIModelHIGHWAYNETWORK Linksdefinedbyupstreamanddownstreamnodenumbers Linklengths Numberoflanes(upto6)andchannelization Turnbays(1to3lanes) Destination(exit)nodes Networktopologydefinedintermsofdownstreamnodesforeachreceivinglink NodeCoordinates(X,Y) NPPCoordinates(X,Y)GENERATEDTRAFFICVOLUMES Onallentrylinksandsourcenodes(origins),byTimePeriodTRAFFICCONTROLSPECIFICATIONS Trafficsignals:link specific,turnmovementspecific Signalcontroltreatedasfixedtimeoractuated Locationoftrafficcontrolpoints(thesearerepresentedasactuatedsignals) StopandYieldsigns Right turn on red(RTOR) Routediversionspecifications Turnrestrictions Lanecontrol(e.g.laneclosure,movement specific)DRIVER'SANDOPERATIONALCHARACTERISTICS Driver's(vehicle specific)responsemechanisms:free flowspeed,dischargeheadway BusroutedesignationDYNAMICTRAFFICASSI GNMENT Candidatedestinationnodesforeachorigin(optional) DurationofDTAsessions Durationofsimulation"burntime" DesirednumberofdestinationnodesperoriginINCIDENTS IdentifyandScheduleofclosedlanes IdentifyandScheduleofclosedlinks EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationC 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureC 1.RepresentativeAnalysisNetwork 8001 8011 3 6 9 12 14 15 16 19 17 2 8107 8 8012 13 22 8009 8010 8005 23 8003 8104 5 10 11 8014 25 24 21 8008 80078006 8004 8024 208002 Entry,ExitNodesarenumbered8xxx EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationC 5KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5METHODOLOGYTheFundamentalDiagramItisnecessarytodefinethefundamentaldiagramdescribingflow densityandspeed densityrelationships.Ratherthan"settlingfor"atriangularrepresentation,amorerealisticrepresentationthatincludesa"capacitydrop",(I R)atthecriticaldensitywhenflowconditionsentertheforcedflowregime,isdevelopedandcalibratedforeachlink.Thisrepresentation,showninFigureC 2,assertsaconstantfreespeeduptoadensity, ,andthenalinearreductioninspeedintherange,thedensityatcapacity.Intheflow densityplane,aquadraticrelationshipisprescribedintherange,whichroughlyrepresentsthe"stop and go"conditionofseverecongestion.Thevalueofflowrate,correspondingtoisapproximatedatAlinearrelationshipbetweencompletesthediagramshowninFigureC 2.TableC 3isaglossaryofterms.Thefundamentaldiagramisappliedtomovingtrafficoneverylink.Thespecifiedcalibrationvaluesforeachlinkare:(1)Freespeed,;(2)Capacity,;(3)Criticaldensity, (4)CapacityDropFactor,R=0.9;(5)Jamdensity,Then,SettingthenforItcanbeshownthatTheSimulationModelThesimulationmodelsolvesasequenceof"unitproblems".Eachunitproblemcomputesthemovementoftrafficonalink,foreachspecifiedturnmovement,overaspecifiedtimeinterval(TI)whichservesasthesimulationtimestepforalllinks.FigureC 3isarepresentationoftheunitprobleminthetime distanceplane.TableC 3isaglossaryoftermsthatarereferencedinthefollowingdescriptionoftheunitproblemprocedure.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationC 6KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureC 2.FundamentalDiagramsFigureC 3.AUNITProblemConfigurationwitht 1>0 meDistanceDownUp EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationC 7KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableC 3.GlossaryCapThemaximumnumberofvehicles,ofaparticularmovement,thatcandischargefromalinkwithinatimeinterval.EThenumberofvehicles,ofaparticularmovement,thatenterthelinkoverthetimeinterval.Theportion,E TI ,canreachthestep barwithintheTI.G/CThegreentime:cycletimeratiothatservicesthevehiclesofaparticularturnmovementonalink.hThemeanqueuedischargeheadway,seconds.kDensityinvehiclesperlanepermile.TheaveragedensityofmovingvehiclesofaparticularmovementoveraTI,onalink.LThelengthofthelinkinfeet.Thequeuelengthinfeetofaparticularmovement,atthe[beginning,end]ofatimeinterval.LNThenumberoflanes,expressedasafloatingpointnumber,allocatedtoserviceaparticularmovementonalink.Themeaneffectivelengthofaqueuedvehicleincludingthevehiclespacing,feet.MMeteringfactor(Multiplier):1.Thenumberofmovingvehiclesonthelink,ofaparticularmovement,thataremovingatthe[beginning,end]ofthetimeinterval.Thesevehiclesareassumedtobeofequalspacing,overthelengthoflinkupstreamofthequeue.OThetotalnumberofvehiclesofaparticularmovementthataredischargedfromalinkoveratimeinterval.Thecomponentsofthevehiclesofaparticularmovementthataredischargedfromalinkwithinatimeinterval:vehiclesthatwereQueuedatthebeginningoftheTI;vehiclesthatwereMovingwithinthelinkatthebeginningoftheTI;vehiclesthatEnteredthelinkduringtheTI.Thepercentage,expressedasafraction,ofthetotalflowonthelinkthatexecutesaparticularturnmovement,x.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationC 8KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Thenumberofqueuedvehiclesonthelink,ofaparticularturnmovement,atthe[beginning,end]ofthetimeinterval.Themaximumflowratethatcanbeservicedbyalinkforaparticularmovementintheabsenceofacontroldevice.Itisspecifiedbytheanalystasanestimateoflinkcapacity,baseduponafieldsurvey,withreferencetotheHCM2010.RThefactorthatisappliedtothecapacityofalinktorepresentthe"capacitydrop"whentheflowconditionmovesintotheforcedflowregime.Thelowercapacityatthatpointisequalto.RCapTheremainingcapacityavailabletoservicevehiclesofaparticularmovementafterthatqueuehasbeencompletelyserviced,withinatimeinterval,expressedasvehicles.Servicerateformovementx,vehiclesperhour(vph).Vehiclesofaparticularturnmovementthatenteralinkoverthefirst secondsofatimeinterval,canreachthestop bar(intheabsenceofaqueuedown stream)withinthesametimeinterval.TIThetimeinterval,inseconds,whichisusedasthesimulationtimestep.vThemeanspeedoftravel,infeetpersecond(fps)ormilesperhour(mph),ofmovingvehiclesonthelink.ThemeanspeedofthelastvehicleinaqueuethatdischargesfromthelinkwithintheTI.Thisspeeddiffersfromthemeanspeedofmovingvehicles,v.WThewidthoftheintersectioninfeet.Thisisthedifferencebetweenthelinklengthwhichextendsfromstop bartostop barandtheblocklength.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationC 9KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Theformulationandtheassociatedlogicpresentedbelowaredesignedtosolvetheunitproblemforeachsweepoverthenetwork(discussedbelow),foreachturnmovementservicedoneachlinkthatcomprisestheevacuationnetwork,andforeachTIoverthedurationoftheevacuation. 1. Forthefirstsweep,s=1,ofthisTI,getinitialestimatesofmeandensity,theR-factor,andenteringtraffic,usingthevaluescomputedforthefinalsweepofthepriorTI.Foreachsubsequentsweep,aretherelevantturnpercentagesfromfeederlink,i,anditstotaloutflow(possiblymetered)overthisTI;Sisthetotalsourceflow(possiblymetered)duringthecurrentTI.Setiterationcounter,n=0,2. usingtheanalyticalrepresentationsofthefundamentaldiagram.3. 4. 5. Endif6. 7.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationC 10KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5 9.10.EndifEndifEndif11. where=densityatthebeginningoftheTI=densityattheendoftheTI=densityatthemid pointoftheTIAllvaluesofdensityapplyonlytothemovingvehicles.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationC 11KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TIt 3Q'et 1L 3vQ e vv QQ bM b12. EndifComputationofunitproblemisnowcomplete.Checkforexcessiveinflowcausingspillback.13. Thenumberofexcessvehiclesthatcausespillbackis:whereWisthewidthoftheupstreamintersection.Topreventspillback,metertheoutflowfromthefeederapproachesandfromthesourceflow,S,duringthisTIbytheamount,SB.Thatis,setThismeteringfactorisassignedappropriatelytoallfeederlinksandtothesourceflow,tobeappliedduringthenextnetworksweep,discussedlater.AlgorithmAThisanalysisaddressestheflowenvironmentoveraTIduringwhichmovingvehiclescanjoinastandingordischargingqueue.Forthecaseshown,aqueueoflength,formedbythatportionofthatreachesthestop barwithintheTI,butcouldnotdischargeduetoinadequatecapacity.Thatis,Thisqueuelength,canbeextendedtobytrafficenteringtheapproachduringthecurrentTI,travelingatspeed,v,andreachingtherearofthequeuewithintheTI.Aportionoftheenteringvehicles,willlikelyjointhequeue.ThisanalysiscalculatesfortheinputvaluesofL,TI,v,E,t, ,LN,.

Recognizingthatthefirsttwotermsontherighthandsidecancel,solvefor toobtain:

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationC 12KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Ifthedenominator,ThecompleteAlgorithmAconsidersallflowscenarios;spacelimitationprecludesitsinclusion,here.LaneAssignmentThe"unitproblem"issolvedforeachturnmovementoneachlink.Thereforeitisnecessarytocalculateavalue,ofallocatedlanesforeachmovement,x.Ifinfactalllanesarespecifiedby,say,arrowspaintedonthepavement,eitherasfulllanesoraslaneswithinaturnbay,thentheproblemisfullydefined.Ifhoweverthereremainunchannelizedlanesonalink,thenananalysisisundertakentosubdi videthenumberofthesephysicallanesintoturnmovementspecificvirtuallanes,LN x.

IMPLEMENTATIONComputationalProcedureThecomputationalprocedureforthismodelisshownintheformofaflowdiagramasFigureC 4.Asdiscussedearlier,thesimulationmodelprocessestrafficflowforeachlinkindependentlyovertheTIthattheanalystspecifies;itisusually60secondsorlonger.Thefirststepistoexecuteanalgorithmtodefinethesequenceinwhichthenetworklinksareprocessedsothatasmanylinksaspossibleareprocessedaftertheirfeederlinksareprocessed,withinthesamenetworksweep.Sinceageneralnetworkwillhavemanyclosedloops,itisnotpossibletoguaranteethateverylinkprocessedwillhaveallofitsfeederlinksprocessedearlier.Theprocessingthencontinuesasasuccessionoftimestepsofduration,TI,untilthesimulationiscompleted.Withineachtimestep,theprocessingperformsaseriesof"sweeps"overallnetworklinks;thisisnecessarytoensurethatthetrafficflowissynchronousovertheentirenetworkandthataspillbackconditionisproperlyresolvedintheformofmeteringratesappliedtothefeederlinksandtoanysourceflow.Specifically,thesweepensurescontinuityofflowamongallthenetworklinks;inthecontextofthismodel,thismeansthatth evaluesofE,M,andSarealldefinedforeachlink,eachtime step,TI,suchthattheyrepresentthesynchronousmovementoftrafficfromeachlinktoallofitsoutb oundlinks.ThesesweepsalsoservetocomputethemeteringratesthatcontrolspillbackandthatareappliedasinitialconditionsforthefollowingTI.Withineachsweep,processingsolvesthe"unitproblem"foreachturnmovementoneachlink.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationC 13KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5WiththeturnmovementpercentagesforeachlinkprovidedbytheDTRADmodel,analgorithmallocatesthenumberoflanestoeachmovementservicedoneachlink.Thetimingatasignal,ifany,appliedatthedownstreamendofthelink,isexpressedasaG/Cratio;thesignaltimingneededtodefinethisratioisani nputrequirementforthemodel.Themodelalsohasthecapabilityofrepresenting,withmacroscopicfidelity,theactionsofactuatedsignalsrespondingtothetime varyingcompetingdemandsontheapproachestotheintersection.Thesolutionoftheunitproblemyieldsthevaluesofthenumberofvehicles,O,thatdischargefromthelinkoverthetimeintervalandthenumberofvehiclesthatremainonthelinkattheendofthetimeintervalasstratifiedbyqueuedandmovingvehicles:Theprocedureconsiderseachmovementseparately(multi piping).Afterallnetworklinksareprocessedforagivennetworksweep,theupdatedconsistentvaluesofenteringflows,E;meteringrates,M;andsourceflows,Saredefinedsoastosatisfythe"nospillback"conditionandsatisfythestorageconstraintoneachlink.Theprocedurethenperformstheunitproblemsolutionsforallnetworklinksduringthefollowingsweep.Experiencehasshownthatthesystemconverges(i.e.thevaluesofE,MandS"settledown"forallnetworklinks)injusttwosweepsifthenetworkisentirelyundersaturated,orinfoursweepsinthepresenc eofextensivecongestionwithlinkspillback.(TheinitialsweepovereachlinkusesthefinalvaluesofEandM,ofthepriorTI).AtthecompletionofthefinalsweepforaTI,theprocedurecomputesandstoresallmeasuresofeffectiveness(MOE)foreachlinkandturnmovementforoutputpurposesandforsupportingtheDTRADmodelwithoperationalmetricsusedinDTRAD'scostfunction.Itthe npreparesforthefollowingtimeintervalbydefiningthevaluesofforthestartofthenextTIasbeingthosevaluesofattheendofthepriorTI.Inthismanner,thesimulationmodelprocessesthetrafficflowovertimeuntiltheendoftherun.Notethatthereisnospace discretizationotherthanthespecificationofnetworklinks.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationC 14KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureC 4.FlowofSimulationProcessing(SeeGlossary:TableC 3) SequenceNetworkLinksNextTime step,ofduration,TINextsweep;DefineE,M,SforallLinksNextLinkNextTurnMovement,x Getlanes,ServiceRate,;GetinputstoUnitProblem:,ESolveUnitProblem:LastMovement?LastLink?LastSweep?Calc.,storeallLinkMOESetupnextTI:LastTime-step?DONE ABCDDCBANo No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationC 15KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5InterfacingwithDynamicTrafficAssignment(DTRAD)TheDYNEVIIsystemreflectsNRCguidancethatevacueeswillseektotravelinageneraldirectionawayfromthelocationofthehazardousevent.Thus,analgorithmwasdevelopedtoidentifyanappropriatesetofdestinationnodesforeachoriginbasedonitslocationandontheexpecteddirectionoftravel.ThisalgorithmalsosupportstheDTRADmodelindynamicallyvaryingtheTripTable(O Dmatrix)overtimefromoneDTRADsessiontothenext.FigureB 1depictstheinteractionofthesimulationmodelwiththeDTRADmodelintheDYNEVIIsystem.Asindicated,DYNEVIIperformsasuccessionofDTRAD"sessions";eachsuchsessioncomputestheturnlinkpercentagesforeachlink,thatremainconstantforthesessionduration,specifiedbytheanalyst.Theendproductistheassignmentoftrafficvolumesfromeachorigintopathsconnectingitwithitsdestinationsinsuchawayastominimizethenetwork widecostfunction.TheoutputoftheDTRADmodelisasetofupdatedlinkturnpercentageswhichrepresentthisassignmentoftraffic.AsindicatedinFigureB 1,thesimu lationmodelsupportstheDTRADsessionbyprovidingitwithoperationallinkMOEthatareneededbythepathchoicemodelandincludedintheDTRADcostfunction.TheseMOErepresenttheoperationalstateofthenetworkatatime,whichlieswithinthesessionduration,.This"burntime",isselectedbytheanalyst.ForeachDTRADiteration,thesimulationmodelcomputesthechangeinnetworkoperationsoverthisburntimeusingthelatestsetoflinkturnpercentagescomputedbytheDTRADmodel.UponconvergenceoftheDTRADiterativeprocedure,thesimulationmodelacceptsthelatestturnpercentagesprovidedbytheDTAmodel,returnstotheorigintime,andexecutesuntilitarrivesattheendoftheDTRADsessiondurationattime,AtthistimethenextDTAsessionislaunchedandthewholeprocessrepeatsuntiltheendoftheDYNEVIIrun.AdditionaldetailsarepresentedinAppendixB.

APPENDIXDDetailedDescriptionofStudyProcedure EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationD 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5D. DETAILEDDESCRIPTIONOFSTUDYPROCEDUREThisappendixdescribestheactivitiesthatwereperformedtocomputeEvacuationTimeEstimates(ETE).TheindividualstepsofthiseffortarerepresentedasaflowdiagraminFigureD 1.Eachnumberedstepinthedescriptionthatfollowscorrespondstothenumberedelementintheflowdiag ram.Step1ThefirstactivitywastoobtainEmergencyPlanningZone(EPZ)boundaryinformationandcreateaGeographicInformationSystem(GIS)basemap.ThebasemapextendsbeyondtheShadowRegionwhichextendsapproximately15miles(radially)fromthepowerplantlocation.Thebasemapincorporatesthelocalroadwaytopology,asuitabletopographicbackgroundandtheEPZandPAZboundaries.Step22010CensusblockinformationwasobtainedinGISformat.ThisinformationwasusedtoestimatetheresidentpopulationwithintheEPZandShadowRegionandtodefinethespatialdistributionanddemographiccharacteristicsofthepopulationwithinthestudyarea.EmployeedatawereestimatedusingtheU.S.CensusBureau'sLongitudinalEmployer HouseholdDynamicsinteract ivewebsite 1 ,andfromphonecallstomajoremployers.Transientdatawereobtainedfromlocal/stateemergencymanagementagenciesandfromphonecallstotransientattractions.Informationconcerningschools,medical,andothertypesofspecialfacilitieswithintheEPZwereobtainedfromcountyandmunicipalsources,augmentedbytelephonecontactswiththeidentifiedfacilities.Step3Akickoffmeetingwasconductedwithmajorstakeholders(stateandlocalemergencymanagers,on siteandoff siteutilityemergencymanagers,localandstatelawenforcementagencies).Thepurposeofthekickoffmeetingwastopresentanoverviewoftheworkeffort,identifykeyagencypersonnel,andindicatethedatarequirementsforthestudy.Specificrequestsforinformationwerepresentedtolocalemergencymanagers.UniquefeaturesofthestudyareawerediscussedtoidentifythelocalconcernsthatshouldbeaddressedbytheETEstudy.Step4Next,aphysicalsurveyoftheroadwaysysteminthestudyareawasconductedtodeterminethegeometricpropertiesofthehighwaysections,thechannelizationoflanesoneachsectionofroadway,whetherthereareanyturnrestrictionsorspecialtreatmentoftrafficatintersections,thetypeandfunctioningoftrafficcontroldevices,gatheringsignaltimingsforpre timedtrafficsignals,andtomakethenecessaryobservationsneededtoestimaterealisticvaluesofroadwaycapacity.1 http://lehdmap.did.census.gov/

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationD 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Step5AtelephonesurveyofhouseholdswithintheEPZwasconductedtoidentifyhouseholddynamics,tripgenerationcharacteristics,andevacuation relateddemographicinformationoftheEPZpopulation.Thisinformationwasusedtodetermineimportantstudyfactorsincludingtheaveragenumberofevacuatingvehiclesusedbyeachhousehold,andthetimerequiredtoperformpre evacuationmobilizationactivities.Step6Acomputerizedrepresentationofthephysicalroadwaysystem,calledalink nodeanalysisnetwork,wasdevelopedusingtheUNITESsoftwaredevelopedbyKLD.Oncethegeometryofthenetworkwascompleted,thenetworkwascalibratedusingtheinformationgatheredduringtheroadsurvey(Step4).Estimatesofhighwaycapacityforeachlinkandotherlink specificcharacteristicswereintroducedtothenetworkdescription.Trafficsignaltimingswereinputaccordingly.Thelink nodeanalysisnetworkwasimportedintoaGISmap.2010Censusdatawereoverlaidinthemap,andorigincentroidswheretripswouldbegeneratedduringtheevacuationprocesswereassignedtoappropriatelinks.Step7TheEPZissubdividedinto13ProtectiveActionZones(PAZs).Basedonwinddirectionandspeed,Regions(groupingsofPAZs)thatmaybeadvisedtoevacuate,weredeveloped.Theneedforevacuationcanoccuroverarangeoftime of day,day of week,seasonal,andweather relatedconditions.Scenariosweredevelopedtocapturethevariationinevacuationdemand,highwaycapacity,andmobilizationtime,fordifferenttimeofday,dayoftheweek,timeofyear ,andweatherconditions.Step8TheinputstreamfortheDYNEVIImodel,whichintegratesthedynamictrafficassignmentanddistributionmodel,DTRAD,withtheevacuationsimulationmodel,wascreatedforaprototypeevacuationcase-theevacuationoftheentireEPZforarepresentativescenario.Step9Aftercreatingthisinputstream,theDYNEVIISystemwasexecutedontheprototypeevacuationcasetocomputeevacuatingtrafficroutingpatternsconsistentwiththeappropriateNRCguidelines.DYNEVIIcontainsanextensivesuiteofdatadiagnosticswhichcheckthecompletenessandconsistencyoftheinputdataspecified.Theanalystreviewsallwarninganderrormessagesproducedbythemodelandthencorrectsthedatabasetocreateaninputstreamthatproperlyexecutestocompletion.Themodelassignsdestinationstoallorigincent roidsconsistentwitha(general)radialevacuationoftheEPZandShadowRegion.Theanalystmayoptionallysupplementand/orreplacethes emodel assigneddestinations,basedonprofessionaljudgment,afterstudyingthetopologyoftheanalysishighwaynetwork.Themodelproduceslinkandnetwork widemeasuresofeffectivenessaswellasestimatesofevacuationtime.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationD 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Step10Theresultsgeneratedbytheprototypeevacuationcasearecriticallyexamined.Theexaminationincludesobservingtheanimatedgraphics(usingtheEVANsoftwarewhichoperatesondataproducedbyDYNEVII)andreviewingthestatisticsoutputbythemodel.Thisisalaborintensiveactivity,requiringthedirectparticipationofskilledengineerswhopossessthenecessarypracticalexperien cetointerprettheresultsandtodeterminethecausesofanyperceivedproblemsreflectedintheresults.Essentially,theapproachistoidentifythosebottlenecksinthenetworkthatrepresentlocationswherecongestedconditionsarepronouncedandtoidentifythecauseofthiscongestion.Thiscausecantakema nyforms,eitherasexcessdemandduetohighratesoftripgeneration,improperrouting,ashortfallofcapacity,orasaquantitativeflawinthewaythephysicalsystemwasrepresentedintheinputstream.Thisexaminationleadstooneoftwoconclusions: Theresultsaresatisfactoryor Theinputst reammustbemodifiedaccordinglyThisdecisionrequires,ofcourse,theapplicationoftheuser'sjudgmentandexperiencebasedupontheresultsobtainedinpreviousapplicationsofthemodelandacomparisonoftheresultsofthelatestprototypeevacuationcaseiterationwiththepreviousones.Iftheresultsaresatisfactoryintheopinionoftheuser,thenth eprocesscontinueswithStep13.Otherwise,proceedtoStep11.Step11Therearemany"treatments"availabletotheuserinresolvingapparentproblems.Thesetreatmentsrangefromdecisionstoreroutethetrafficbyassigningadditionalevacuationdestinationsforoneormoresources,imposingturnrestrictionswheretheycanproducesignificantimprovementsincapacity,changingthecontroltreatmentatcriticalintersectionssoastoprovideimprovedserviceforoneormoremovements,orinprescribingspecifictreatmentsforchannelizingtheflowsoastoexpeditethemovementoftrafficalongmajorroadwaysystems.Such"treatments"taketheformofmodificationstotheoriginalprototypeevacuationcaseinputstream.Alltreatmentsaredesignedtoimprovetherepr esentationofevacuationbehavior.Step12Asnotedabove,thechangestotheinputstreammustbeimplementedtoreflectthemodificationsundertakeninStep11.Atthecompletionofthisactivity,theprocessreturnstoStep9wheretheDYNEVIISystemisagainexecuted.Step13Evacuationoftransit dependentsandspecialfacilitiesareincludedintheevacuationanalysis.Fixedroutingfortransitbusesandforschoolbuses,ambulances,andothertransitvehiclesareintroducedintothefinalprototypeevacuationcasedataset.DYNEVIIgeneratesroute specificspeeds,overtime,foruseintheestimationofevacuationtimesforthetransitdependentand EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationD 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5specialfacilitypopulationgroups.Step14Theprototypeevacuationcasewasusedasthebasisforgeneratingallregionandscenario specificevacuationcasestobesimulated.ThisprocesswasautomatedthroughtheUNITESuserinterface.Foreachspecificcase,thepopulationtobeevacuated,thetripgenerationdistributions,thehighwaycapacityandspeeds,andotherfactorsareadjustedtoproduceacustomizedcase specificdataset.Step15AllevacuationcasesareexecutedusingtheDYNEVIISystemtocomputeETE.Onceresultswereavailable,qualitycontrolprocedureswereusedtoassuretheresultswereconsistent,dynamicroutingwasreasonable,andtrafficcongestion/bottleneckswereaddressedproperly.Step16Oncevehicularevacuationresultswereaccepted,averagetravelspeedsfortransitandspecialfacilityrouteswereusedtocomputeevacuationtimeestimatesfortransit dependentpermanentresidents,schools,hospitals,andotherspecialfacilities.Step17Thesimulationresultswereanalyzed,tabulated,andgraphed.Theresultswerethendocumented,asrequiredbyNUREG/CR 7002.Step18Followingthecompletionofdocumentationactivities,theETEcriteriachecklistwascompleted.Anappropriatereportreferencewasprovidedforeachcriterionprovidedinthechecklist.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationD 5KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5 FigureD 1.FlowDiagramofActivitiesCreateGISBaseMap GatherCensusBlockandDemographicDataforStudyArea FieldSurveyofRoadwayswithinStudyAreaConductKickoffMeetingwithStakeholdersCreateandCalibrateLinkNodeAnalysisNetwork DevelopEvacuationRegionsandScenariosCreateandDebugDYNEVIIInputStreamConductTelephoneSurveyandDevelopTripGenerationCharacteristics ExecuteDYNEVIIforPrototypeEvacuationCase B A Step1 Step2 Step3 Step4 Step5 Step6 Step7 Step8 Step9 ExamineResultsofPrototypeEvacuationCaseusingEVANandDYNEVIIOutputModifyEvacuationDestinationsand/orDevelopTrafficControlTreatments A BModifyDatabasetoReflectChangestoPrototypeEvacuationCaseEstablishTransitandSpecialFacilityEvacuationRoutesandUpdateDYNEVIIDatabase GenerateDYNEVIIInputStreamsforAllEvacuationCases ExecuteDYNEVIItoComputeETEforAllEvacuationCases UseDYNEVIIAverageSpeedOutputtoComputeETEforTransitandSpecialFacilityRoutes DocumentationCompleteETECriteriaChecklist ResultsSatisfactory Step10 Step11 Step12 Step13 Step14 Step15 Step16 Step17 Step18 APPENDIXESpecialFacilityData EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationE 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5E. SPECIALFACILITYDATAThefollowingtableslistpopulationinformation,asofJune2011,forspecialfacilitiesthatarelocatedwithintheVCSNSEPZ.Specialfacilitiesaredefinedasschools,daycarecenters,hospitalsandothermedicalcarefacilities,andcorrectionalfacilities.Transientpopulationdataisincludedinthetableforrecreationalareas.Employmentdataareincludedinthetableformajoremployers.Eachtableisgroupedbycounty.Thelocationofthefacilityisdefinedbyitsstraight linedistance(miles),direction(magneticbearing)fromthecenterpointoftheplant,andbyitsPAZ.Mapsidentifyingthelocationofeachspecialfacility,recreationalarea,andmajorempl oyerarealsoprovided.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationE 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableE 1.SchoolswithintheEPZ

PAZDistance(miles)DirectionSchoolNameStreetAddressMunicipalityPhoneEnrollmentStaffFAIRFIELDCOUNTYA 26.4NNEMcCroreyListonElementarySchool1978STHY215 SouthBlair(803)635949021937C 211.1EKellyMillerElementarySchool255KellyMillerRdWinnsboro(803)635296127050FairfieldCountySubtotal: 48987LEXINGTONCOUNTYD 29.5SAbnerMontessoriSchool432EBoundaryStreetChapin(803)345942811620D 29.3SSWAlternativeAcademy107ColumbiaAveChapin(803)309942112017D 211.2SChapinElementarySchool940OldBushRiverRdChapin(803)3099421845105D 29.2SChapinHighSchool300ColumbiaAveChapin(803)30994211,293156D 211.1SChapinMiddleSchool1130OldLexingtonHighway Chapin(803)30994211,100122D 210.8SCrookedCreekParkAfterschoolProgram*1098OldLexingtonHighway Chapin(803)345618110020LexingtonCountySubtotal:3,474420NEWBERRYCOUNTYE 29.1SWLittleMountainElementary692MillStLittleMountain(803)945772137340E 210.9WSWMid CarolinaHighSchool6794USHY76Prosperity(803)364213469987E 210.9WSWMid CarolinaMiddleSchool6834USHY76Prosperity(803)364363460075F 26.7WSWPomaria GarmanyElementary7288USHY176Pomaria(803)321265139250NewberryCountySubtotal: 2,064252EPZTOTAL: 6,027759*ThesestudentsatCrookedCreekParkAfterschoolProgramarealreadyincludedintheenrollmentsforChapinElementarySchoolandChapinMiddleSchoolandarethereforenotincludedintotalenrollment.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationE 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureE 1.SchoolswithintheEPZ EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationE 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableE 2.MedicalFacilitieswithintheEPZPAZDistance(miles)DirectionFacilityNameStreetAddressMunicipalityPhoneCapacityCurrent CensusAmbul atoryPatientsWheelchairPatientsBedridden PatientsLEXINGTONCOUNTYD 29.5SGenerationsofChapin431E.BoundarySt Chapin (803)3451911646030153LexingtonCountySubtotals:646030153TOTAL:646030153 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationE 5KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureE 2.MedicalFacilitieswithintheEPZ EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationE 6KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableE 3.MajorEmployerswithintheEPZPAZDistance(miles)DirectionFacilityNameStreetAddressMunicipalityPhoneEmployees (maxshift)%Non EPZEmployees (NonEPZ)FAIRFIELDCOUNTYA 0VCSummerNuclearStation576StairwayRdJenkinsville (803)931520869390%624 FairfieldCountySubtotals:693624LEXINGTONCOUNTYD 29.6SCentralLabelProducts300EBoundarySt.Chapin (803)34554817525%19 D 29.6SCoreLogic450E.BoundarySt.Chapin (803)941120013567%90 D 29.1SElletBrothers 267ColumbiaAve Chapin (803)345375110068%68 D 29.5SGeneralInformationServices917ChapinRoad Chapin (803)9411900340 78.5%267 LexingtonCountySubtotals:650444NEWBERRYCOUNTYE 211.6WSWGeorgiaPacificCorporation 191GeorgiaPacificBlvd Prosperity (803)364347210090%90 NewberryCountySubtotals:10090TOTAL:1,4431,158 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationE 7KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureE 3.MajorEmployerswithintheEPZ EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationE 8KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableE 4.RecreationalAreaswithintheEPZPAZDistance(miles)DirectionFacilityNameStreetAddressMunicipalityPhoneTransientsVehiclesFAIRFIELDCOUNTYA 12.6NHighway215PublicBoatRampSTHY215Jenkinsville (803)7483000 135A 12.4NLakeMonticelloPark BalticCircleJenkinsville (803)7483000 135A 15.3NUnnamedBoatRampMeadowLakeRdJenkinsville (803)7483000 52A 15.4NUnnamedBoatRampMeadowLakeRdJenkinsville (803)7483000 135A 25.7NUnnamedBeach HemlockLnJenkinsville (803)7483000 2710F 12.7WSWCanon'sCreekBoatRampforParrReservoir BroadRiverRd Pomaria(803)7483000 135F 13.6WNWUnnamedBoatRampforParrReservoir BroadRiverRd Pomaria(803)7483000 135FairfieldCountySubtotals:9737LEXINGTONCOUNTYD 211SLakeMurrayGolfCenter 2032OldHiltonRd Chapin(803)3456112 96LexingtonCountySubtotals:96NEWBERRYCOUNTY E 29.2WSWMidCarolinaClub 3593KiblerBridgeRd Prosperity (803)3643193 1510NewberryCountySubtotals:1510TOTAL:12153 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationE 9KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureE 4.RecreationalAreaswithintheEPZ EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationE 10KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableE 5.LodgingFacilitieswithintheEPZPAZDistance(miles)DirectionFacilityNameStreetAddressMunicipalityPhoneTransientsVehicles TherearenolodgingfacilitieswithintheVCSummerEPZSubtotals:00TOTAL:00

TableE 6.CorrectionalFacilitieswithintheEPZPAZDistance(miles)DirectionFacilityNameStreetAddressMunicipalityPhoneCapacityTherearenoCorrectionalFacilitieswithintheVCSummerEPZ.Subtotal:0TOTAL:0 APPENDIXFTelephoneSurvey EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationF 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5F. TELEPHONESURVEYF.1 INTRODUCTIONThedevelopmentofevacuationtimeestimatesfortheEmergencyPlanningZone(EPZ)oftheVCSNSSiterequirestheidentificationoftravelpatterns,carownershipandhouseholdsizeofthepopulationwithintheEPZ.DemographicinformationcanbeobtainedfromCensusdata.Theuseofthisdatahasseverallimitationswhenappliedtoemergencyplanning.First,theCensusdatadonotencompasstherangeofinformationneededtoidentifythetimerequiredforpreliminaryactivities(mobilization)thatmustbeundertakenpriortoevacuatingthearea.Secondly,CensusdatadonotcontainattitudinalresponsesneededfromthepopulationoftheEPZandconsequentlymaynotaccuratel yrepresenttheanticipatedbehavioralcharacteristicsoftheevacuatingpopulace.TheseconcernsareaddressedbyconductingatelephonesurveyofarepresentativesampleoftheEPZpopulation.Thesurveyisdesignedtoelicitinformationfromthepublicconcerningfamilydemographicsandestimatesofresponsetimestowelldefinedevents.Thedesignofthesurveyincludesalimitednumberofquestionsoftheform"Whatwouldyoudoif-?"andotherquestionsregardingactivitieswithwhichtherespondentisfamiliar("Howlongdoesittakeyouto-?")

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationF 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5F.2 SURVEYINSTRUMENTANDSAMPLINGPLANAttachmentApresentsthefinalsurveyinstrumentusedinthisstudy.Adraftoftheinstrumentwassubmittedtostakeholdersforcomment.Commentswerereceivedandthesurveyinstrumentwasmodifiedaccordingly,priortoconductingthesurvey.Followingthecompletionoftheinstrument,asamplingplanwasdeveloped.Asamplesizeofapproximately550completedsurveyformsyi eldsresultswithasamplingerrorof+/-4%atthe95%confidencelevel.ThesamplemustbedrawnfromtheEPZpopulation.Consequently,alistofzipcodesintheEPZwasdevelopedusingGISsoftware.ThislistisshowninTableF 1.Alongwitheachzipcode,anestimateofthepopulationandnumberofhouseholdsineachareawasdeterminedbyoverlayingCensusdataandtheEPZboundary,againusingGISsoftware.Theproportionalnumberofdesiredcompletedsurveyinterviewsforeachareawasidentified,asshowninTableF 1.DuetothesparsepopulationofthezipcodeswithintheEPZ,theareawhichwassampledwasexpanded(withinthezi pcodesidentified)sothatanappropriatesamplecouldbegathered.Theover samplingwascomputedinproportiontotheentirezipcodepopulation.TheapproachisjustifiedonthebasisthattheareaoutsideoftheEPZhassimilarland useandhousingcharacteristicsasdoestheEPZ.Thecompletedsurveyadheredtotheover samplingplan.Thecompletedsurveyadheredtothesamplingplan.TableF 1.VCSNSTelephoneSurveySamplingPlanZipCodePopulationwithinEPZ(2000)HouseholdsRequiredSampleOversamplingDuetoSparsePopulation290151,1733714914290362,495943124102290635762052720429065733289386290751,6926768923291262,16485611321291274141612157291801,93067188122 Totals:11,1774,172550550 AverageHouseholdSize:2.68TotalSampleRequired:550ThissurveysamplingplanwasdevelopedusingtheEPZboundaryasdefinedin2007.TheEPZwasexpandedinLexingtonCountyin2010,causinganincreaseintheEPZpopulationofapproximately1,187people,mostlyinthe29036zipcode.ItisassumedthattheincreasedpopulationinLexingtonCountywillnotsignificantlyimpacttheresultsoftheteleph onesurvey.Thus,theresultsofthesurveybasedontheexistingEPZareadaptedforthisstudy.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationF 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5F.3 SURVEYRESULTSTheresultsofthesurveyfallintotwocategories.First,thehouseholddemographicsoftheareacanbeidentified.Demographicinformationincludessuchfactorsashouseholdsize,automobileownership,andautomobileavailability.Thedistributionsofthetimetoperformcertainpre evacuationactivitiesarethesecondcategoryofsurveyresults.Thesedataareprocessedtodevelopthetripgenerationdistributionsusedintheevacuationmodelingeffort,asdiscussedinSection5.Areviewofthesurveyinstrumentrevealsthatseveralquestionshavea"don'tknow"(DK)or"refused"entryforaresponse.Itisacceptedpracticeinconductingsurveysofthi stypetoaccepttheanswersofarespondentwhooffersaDKresponseforafewquestionsorwhorefusestoanswerafewquestions.ToaddresstheissueofoccasionalDK/refusedresponsesfromalargesample,thepracticeistoassumethatthedistributionoftheseresponsesisthesameasth eunderlyingdistributionofthepositiveresponses.Ineffect,theDK/refusedresponsesareignoredandthedistributionsarebaseduponthepositivedatathatisacquired.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationF 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5F.3.1 HouseholdDemographicResultsHouseholdSizeFigureF 1presentsthedistributionofhouseholdsizewithintheEPZ.Theaveragehouseholdcontains2.68people.Theestimatedhouseholdsize(2.68persons)usedtodeterminethesurveysample(TableF 1)wasdrawnfromCensusdata.TheagreementbetweentheaveragehouseholdsizeobtainedfromthesurveyandfromtheCensusisanindicationofthereliabilityofthesurvey.FigureF 1.HouseholdSizeintheEPZ0%10%20%30%40%

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%ofHouseholds HouseholdSizeVCSNSHouseholdSize EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationF 5KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5AutomobileOwnershipTheaveragenumberofautomobilesavailableperhouseholdintheEPZis2.22.Itshouldbenotedthatapproximately4.76percentofhouseholdsdonothaveaccesstoanautomobile.ThedistributionofautomobileownershipispresentedinFigureF 2.FigureF 3andFigureF 4presenttheautomobileavailabilitybyhouseholdsize.Notethatthemajorityofhouseholdswithoutaccesstoacararesinglepersonhouseholds.Asexpected,nearlyallhouseholdsof2ormorepeoplehaveaccesstoatleastonevehicle.FigureF 2.HouseholdVehicleAvailability0%10%20%30%40%

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%ofHouseholds NumberofVehiclesVCSNSVehicleAvailability EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationF 6KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureF 3.VehicleAvailability1to5PersonHouseholdsFigureF 4.VehicleAvailability6to9+PersonHouseholds0%20%40%60%80%100%0123456789+

%ofHouseholds VehiclesDistributionofVehiclesbyHHSize 1 5PersonHouseholds 1Person 2People 3People 4People 5People 0%20%

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%ofHouseholds VehiclesDistributionofVehiclesbyHHSize 6 9+PersonHouseholds 6People 7People 8People 9+People EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationF 7KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5CommutersFigureF 5presentsthedistributionofthenumberofcommutersineachhousehold.Commutersaredefinedashouseholdmemberswhotraveltoworkorcollegeonadailybasis.Thedatashowsanaverageof1.19commutersineachhouseholdintheEPZ.FigureF 5.CommutersinHouseholdsintheEPZ0%10%20%30%

40%50%01234+%ofHouseholds NumberofCommutersVCSNSCommuters EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationF 8KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5CommuterTravelModesFigureF 6presentsthemodeoftravelthatcommutersuseonadailybasis.Thevastmajorityofcommutersusetheirprivateautomobilestotraveltowork.Thedatashowsanaverageof1.01employeespervehicle,assuming2peoplepervehicle-onaverage-forcarpools.FigureF 6.ModesofTravelintheEPZF.3.2 EvacuationResponseSeveralquestionswereaskedtogaugethepopulation'sresponsetoanemergency.Thesearenowdiscussed:"Howmanyofthevehicleswouldyourhouseholduseduringanevacuation?"TheresponseisshowninFigureF 7.Onaverage,evacuatinghouseholdswoulduse1.49vehicles."Wouldyourfamilyawaitthereturnofotherfamilymemberspriortoevacuatingthearea?"Ofthesurveyparticipantswhoresponded,78percentsaidtheywouldawaitthereturnofotherfamilymembersbeforeevacuatingand22percentindicatedthattheywouldnotawaitthereturnofotherfamilymembers.0.0%0.5%0.6%97.5%1.4%0.5%0%20%40%

60%

80%100%

120%RailBusWalk/BikeDriveAloneCarpool(2+)ParkandRide%ofHouseholds TravelModeVCSNSTravelModetoWork EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationF 9KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureF 7.NumberofVehiclesUsedforEvacuationF.3.3 TimeDistributionResultsThesurveyaskedseveralquestionsabouttheamountoftimeittakestoperformcertainpre evacuationactivities.Theseactivitiesinvolveactionstakenbyresidentsduringthecourseoftheirday to daylives.Thus,theanswersfallwithintherealmoftheresponder'sexperience.ThemobilizationdistributionsprovidedbelowaretheresultofhavingappliedtheanalysisdescribedinSection5.4.1onthecomponentactivitiesofthemobilization."Howlongdoesittakethecommutertocompletepreparationforleavingwork?"FigureF 8presentsthecumulativedistribution;inallcases,theactivityiscompletedbyabout90minutes.Seventy fivepercentcanleavewithin30minutes.0%20%40%60%80%100%0123456789+

%ofHouseholds NumberofVehiclesVehiclesUsedforEvacuation EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationF 10KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureF 8.TimetoPreparetoLeaveWork/School"Howlongwouldittakethecommutertotravelhome?"FigureF 9presentstheworktohometraveltimefortheEPZ.About85percentofcommuterscanarrivehomewithin40minutesofleavingwork;allwithin90minutes.FigureF 9.WorktoHomeTravelTime0%20%40%60%80%100%020406080100

%ofCommuters TravelTime(min)TimetoPreparetoLeaveWork 0%20%40%

60%80%100%020406080100

%ofCommuters TravelTime(min)WorktoHomeTravel EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationF 11KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5"Howlongwouldittakethefamilytopackclothing,securethehouse,andloadthecar?"FigureF 10presentsthetimerequiredtoprepareforleavingonanevacuationtrip.Inmanywaysthisactivitymimicsafamily'spreparationforashortholidayorweekendawayfromhome.Hence,theresponsesrepresenttheexperienceoftheresponderinperformingsimilaractivities.ThedistributionshowninFigureF 10hasalong"tail."About60percentofhouseholdscanbereadytoleavehomewithin30minutes;theremaininghouseholdsrequireuptoanadditionalonehourandfortyfiveminutes.FigureF10.TimetoPrepareHomeforEvacuationF.4 CONCLUSIONSThetelephonesurveyprovidesvaluable,relevantdataassociatedwiththeEPZpopulation,whichhavebeenusedtoquantifydemographicsspecifictotheEPZ,and"mobilizationtime"whichcaninfluenceevacuationtimeestimates.0%20%40%60%80%100%060120180%ofHouseholds TravelTime(min)TimetoPreparetoLeaveHome EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationF 12KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5ATTACHMENTATelephoneSurveyInstrument EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationF 13KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TelephoneSurveyInstrumentHello,mynameis___________andI'mworkingforFirstMarketResearchonasurveyforFairfield,Lexington,Newberry,andRichlandCountiestoidentifylocalbehaviorduringemergencysituations.Thisinformationwillbeusedforemergencyplanningandwillbesharedwithlocalofficialstoenhanceemergencyresponseplansinyourareaforallhazards;emergencyplanningforsomehazardsmayrequireevacuation.Yourresponseswillgreatlycontributetolocalemergencypreparedness.Iwillnotaskforyourname.COL.1Unused COL.2Unused COL.3Unused COL.4Unused COL.5Unused SexCOL.81Male2FemaleINTERVIEWER:

ASKTOSPEAKTOTHEHEADOFHOUSEHOLDORTHESPOUSEOFTHEHEADOFHOUSEHOLD.(Terminatecallifnotaresidence.)DONOTASK:1A.Recordareacode.ToBeDeterminedCOL.9 111B.Recordexchangenumber.ToBeDeterminedCOL.12 142.Whatisyourhomezipcode?COL.15 193A.Intotal,howmanycars,orothervehiclesareusuallyavailabletothehousehold?(DONOTREADANSWERS)COL.201 ONE2 TWO3 THREE4 FOUR5 FIVE 6

SIX7 SEVEN8 EIGHT 9

NINEORMORE0 ZERO(NONE)XDON'TKNOW/REFUSEDSKIPTOQ.4Q.4Q.4Q.4Q.4Q.4Q.4Q.4Q.4Q.3BQ.3B3B.Inanemergency,couldyougetarideoutoftheareawithaneighbororfriend?COL.211 YES2 NOXDON'TKNOW/REFUSED EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationF 14KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.54.Howmanypeopleusuallyliveinthishousehold?(DONOTREADANSWERS)COL.221 ONE2 TWO3 THREE4 FOUR5 FIVE 6

SIX7 SEVEN8 EIGHT 9

NINECOL.230 TEN1 ELEVEN2 TWELVE3 THIRTEEN4 FOURTEEN5 FIFTEEN6 SIXTEEN7 SEVENTEEN8 EIGHTEEN9 NINETEENORMOREXDON'TKNOW/REFUSED5.Howmanyadultsinthehouseholdcommutetoajob,ortocollegeonadailybasis?COL.240 ZERO1 ONE2 TWO 3

THREE4 FOURORMORE5 DON'TKNOW/REFUSEDSKIPTOQ.9Q.6Q.6Q.6Q.6Q.9INTERVIEWER:

ForeachpersonidentifiedinQuestion5,askQuestions6,7,and8.6.Thinkingaboutcommuter#1,howdoesthatpersonusuallytraveltoworkorcollege?(REPEATQUESTIONFOREACHCOMMUTER)Commuter#1COL.25Commuter#2COL.26Commuter#3COL.27Commuter#4COL.28Rail1111Bus2222Walk/Bicycle3333DriveAlone4444Carpool 2ormorepeople5555Don'tknow/Refused66667.Howmuchtimeonaverage,wouldittakeCommuter#1totravelhomefromworkorcollege?(REPEATQUESTIONFOREACHCOMMUTER)(DONOTREADANSWERS)COMMUTER#1COMMUTER#2COL.29COL.30COL.31COL.3215MINUTESORLESS146 50MINUTES15MINUTESORLESS146 50MINUTES26 10MINUTES251 55MINUTES26 10MINUTES251 55MINUTES311 15MINUTES356-1HOUR311 15MINUTES356-1HOUR416 20MINUTES4OVER1HOUR,BUTLESSTHAN1HOUR15MINUTES416 20MINUTES4OVER1HOUR,BUTLESSTHAN1HOUR15MINUTES EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationF 15KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5521 25MINUTES5BETWEEN1HOUR16MINUTESAND1HOUR30MINUTES521 25MINUTES5BETWEEN1HOUR16MINUTESAND1HOUR30MINUTES626 30MINUTES6BETWEEN1HOUR31MINUTESAND1HOUR45MINUTES626 30MINUTES6BETWEEN1HOUR31MINUTESAND1HOUR45MINUTES731 35MINUTES7BETWEEN1HOUR46MINUTESAND2HOURS731 35MINUTES7BETWEEN1HOUR46MINUTESAND2HOURS836 40MINUTES8OVER2HOURS(SPECIFY______)836 40MINUTES8OVER2HOURS(SPECIFY______)941 45MINUTES9941 45MINUTES900XDON'TKNOW/REFUSEDXDON'TKNOW/REFUSEDCOMMUTER#3COMMUTER#4COL.33COL.34COL.35COL.3615MINUTESORLESS146 50MINUTES15MINUTESORLESS146 50MINUTES26 10MINUTES251 55MINUTES26 10MINUTES251 55MINUTES311 15MINUTES356-1HOUR311 15MINUTES356-1HOUR416 20MINUTES4OVER1HOUR,BUTLESSTHAN1HOUR15MINUTES416 20MINUTES4OVER1HOUR,BUTLESSTHAN1HOUR15MINUTES521 25MINUTES5BETWEEN1HOUR16MINUTESAND1HOUR30MINUTES521 25MINUTES5BETWEEN1HO UR16MINUTESAND1HOUR30MINUTES626 30MINUTES6BETWEEN1HOUR31MINUTESAND1HOUR45MINUTES626 30MINUTES6BETWEEN1HOUR31MINUTESAND1HOUR45MINUTES731 35MINUTES7BETWEEN1HOUR46MINUTESAND2HOURS731 35MINUTES7BETWEEN1HO UR46MINUTESAND2HOURS836 40MINUTES8OVER2HOURS(SPECIFY______)836 40MINUTES8OVER2HOURS(SPECIFY______)941 45MINUTES9941 45MINUTES900XDON'TKNOW/REFUSEDXDON'TKNOW/REFUSED8.ApproximatelyhowmuchtimedoesittakeCommuter#1tocompletepreparationforleavingworkorcollegepriortostartingthetriphome?(REPEATQUESTIONFOREACHCOMMUTER)(DONOTREADANSWERS)COMMUTER#1COMMUTER#2COL.37COL.38COL.39COL.4015MINUTESORLESS146 50MINUTES15MINUTESORLESS146 50MINUTES26 10MINUTES251 55MINUTES26 10MINUTES251 55MINUTES311 15MINUTES356-1HOUR311 15MINUTES356-1HOUR416 20MINUTES4OVER1HOUR,BUTLESSTHAN1HOUR15MINUTES416 20MINUTES4OVER1HOUR,BUTLESSTHAN1HOUR15MINUTES EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationF 16KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5521 25MINUTES5BETWEEN1HOUR16MINUTESAND1HOUR30MINUTES521 25MINUTES5BETWEEN1HOUR16MINUTESAND1HOUR30MINUTES626 30MINUTES6BETWEEN1HOUR31MINUTESAND1HOUR45MINUTES626 30MINUTES6BETWEEN1HOUR31MINUTESAND1HOUR45MINUTES731 35MINUTES7BETWEEN1HOUR46MINUTESAND2HOURS731 35MINUTES7BETWEEN1HOUR46MINUTESAND2HOURS836 40MINUTES8OVER2HOURS(SPECIFY______)836 40MINUTES8OVER2HOURS(SPECIFY______)941 45MINUTES9941 45MINUTES900XDON'TKNOW/REFUSEDXDON'TKNOW/REFUSEDCOMMUTER#3COMMUTER#4COL.41COL.42COL.43COL.4415MINUTESORLESS146 50MINUTES15MINUTESORLESS146 50MINUTES26 10MINUTES251 55MINUTES26 10MINUTES251 55MINUTES311 15MINUTES356-1HOUR311 15MINUTES356-1HOUR416 20MINUTES4OVER1HOUR,BUTLESSTHAN1HOUR15MINUTES416 20MINUTES4OVER1HOUR,BUTLESSTHAN1HOUR15MINUTES521 25MINUTES5BETWEEN1HOUR16MINUTESAND1HOUR30MINUTES521 25MINUTES5BETWEEN1HO UR16MINUTESAND1HOUR30MINUTES626 30MINUTES6BETWEEN1HOUR31MINUTESAND1HOUR45MINUTES626 30MINUTES6BETWEEN1HOUR31MINUTESAND1HOUR45MINUTES731 35MINUTES7BETWEEN1HOUR46MINUTESAND2HOURS731 35MINUTES7BETWEEN1HO UR46MINUTESAND2HOURS836 40MINUTES8OVER2HOURS(SPECIFY______)836 40MINUTES8OVER2HOURS(SPECIFY______)941 45MINUTES9941 45MINUTES900XDON'TKNOW/REFUSEDXDON'TKNOW/REFUSED9.Ifyouwereadvisedbylocalauthoritiestoevacuate,howmuchtimewouldittakethehouseholdtopackclothing,medications,securethehouse,loadthecar,andcompletepreparationspriortoevacuatingthearea?(DONOTREADANSWERS)COL.45COL.461LESSTHAN15MINUTES13HOURSTO3HOURS15MINUTES215 30MINUTES23HOURS16MINUTESTO3HOURS30MINUTES331 45MINUTES33HOURS31MINUTESTO3HOURS45MINUTES446MINUTES-1HOUR43HOURS46MINUTESTO4HOURS51HOURTO1HOUR15MINUTES54HOURSTO4HOURS15MINUTES61HOUR16MINUTESTO1HOUR30MINUTES64HOURS16MINUTESTO4HOURS30MINUTES71HOUR31MINUTESTO1HOUR45MINUTES74HOURS31MI NUTESTO4HOURS45MINUTES81HOUR46MINUTESTO2HOURS84HOURS46MINUTESTO5HOURS EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationF 17KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.592HOURSTO2HOURS15MINUTES95HOURSTO5HOURS30MINUTES02HOURS16MINUTESTO2HOURS30MINUTES05HOURS31MINUTESTO6HOURSX2HOURS31MINUTESTO2HOURS45MINUTESXOVER6HOURS(SPECIFY_______)Y2HOURS46MI NUTESTO3HOURSCOL.471DON'TKNOW/REFUSED10.Pleasechooseoneofthefollowing(READANSWERS):A.

Iwouldawaitthereturnofhouseholdcommuterstoevacuatetogether.B.

Iwouldevacuateindependentlyandmeetotherhouseholdmemberslater.COL.501A2BXDON'TKNOW/REFUSED11.Howmanyvehicleswouldyourhouseholduseduringanevacuation?(DONOTREADANSWERS)COL.511ONE2TWO3THREE4FOUR5FIVE6SIX7SEVEN8EIGHT9NINEORMORE0ZERO(NONE)XDON'TKNOW/REFUSEDThankyouverymuch._______________________________(TELEPHONENUMBERCALLED)IFREQUESTED:Foradditionalinformation,contactyourCountyEmergencyManagementAgencyduringnormalbusinesshours. CountyEMAPhoneFairfield(803)635 5505Lexington(803)785 8343Newberry(803)321 2135Richland(803)576 3400 APPENDIXGTrafficManagementPlan EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationG 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5G. TRAFFICMANAGEMENTPLANNUREG/CR 7002indicatesthattheexistingTCPsandACPsidentifiedbytheoffsiteagenciesshouldbeusedintheevacuationsimulationmodeling.ThetrafficandaccesscontrolplansfortheEPZarediscussedinthefollowingdocuments: FairfieldCountyEmergencyOperationsPlan,AnnexE,Appendix7,PageE 15 LexingtonCountyEmer gencyOperationsPlan,Annex25a,Appendix4,Page25a 27 NewberryCountyEmergencyOperationsPlan,AnnexQ,Appendix3,PageQ 57 RichlandCountyEmergencyOperationsPlan,Annex25C,Appendix3,Page58 SouthCarolinaOperationalRadiologicalEmergencyResponse,Part3TabletoFigure1,Page3 12Theseplanswererevi ewedandtheTCPsandACPsweremodeledaccordingly.FigureG 1isamapoftheexistingtrafficcontrolpoints.G.1 TrafficControlPointsAsdiscussedinSection9,trafficcontrolpointsatintersections(whicharecontrolled)aremodeledasactuatedsignals.Ifanintersect ionhasapre timedsignal,stop,oryieldcontrol,andtheintersectionisidentifiedasatrafficcontrolpoint,thecontroltypewaschangedtoanactuatedsignalintheDYNEVIIsystem.TableK 2providesthecontroltypeandnodenumberforthosenodeswhicharecontrolled.IftheexistingcontrolwaschangedduetothepointbeingaTCP,thecontroltypeisindicatedas"TrafficControlPoint"inTableK 2.AsdiscussedinSection7.3,th ereislimitedtrafficcongestionwithintheEPZ.Assuch,noadditionaltrafficcontrolpointsarerecommend ed.G.2 AccessControlPointsItisassumedthatACPswillbeestablishedwithin2hoursoftheadvisorytoevacuate(ATE)todiscouragethroughtravelersfromusingmajorthroughrouteswhichtraversetheEPZ.TherearenoACPsidentifiedintheexistingemergencyplansforLexingtonandFairfieldCounties.NewberryandRichlandCountyemergencyplansstatethatentran cebarricadeswillbeplacedatallroutesofingressotherthanatTCPs ,andentranceintotheareawillbestrictlyenforcedbylocallawenforcement.AsdiscussedinSection3.6,externaltrafficisconsideredonInterstate 26,US 76,andUS 176,whichentertheEPZinNewberryandRichlandCounties,andonUS 321intheShadowRegioninFairfieldCounty.Theaccesscont rolprocedurediscussedaboveforNewberryandRichlandCountieswillstoptheflowoftrafficintotheEPZat2hoursaftertheATE,whiletheTCPsalongUS 321inFairfieldCounty(SeeFigureG 1)canbeusedtostoptheflowoftrafficthroughtheareainFairfieldCounty.Assuch,noadditionalACPsarerecommended.Trafficandaccesscontrolpointsshouldbeperiodicallyreviewedbystateandcountyemergencyplannerswithlocalandstatepoliceagencies.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationG 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureG 1.VCSNSTrafficControlPoints APPENDIXHEvacuationRegions EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5H. EVACUATIONREGIONSThisappendixpresentstheevacuationpercentagesforeachEvacuationRegion(TableH 1)andmapsofallEvacuationRegions.ThepercentagespresentedinTableH 1arebasedonthemethodologydiscussedinassumption5ofSection2.2andshowninFigure2 1.NotethebaselineETEstudyassumes20percentofhousehol dswillnotcomplywiththeshelteradvisory,asperSection2.5.2ofNUREG/CR 7002.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableH 1.PercentofPAZPopulationEvacuatingforEachRegionRegionDescriptionProtectiveActionZoneA 0A 1A 2B 1B 2C 1C 2D 1D 2E 1E 2F 1F 2R012 MileRing100%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%R025 MileRing100%100%20%100%20%100%20%20%20%100%20%100%20%R03FullEPZ100%100%100%100%100%100%100%100%100%100%100%100%100%Evacuate2MileRadiusandDownwindto5MilesR04S,SSW100%100%20%100%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%R05SW,WSW100%100%20%100%20%100%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%R06W100%20%20%100%20%100%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%R07WNW,NW100%20%20%20%20%100%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%R08NNW,N100%20%20%20%20%100%20%20%20%100%20%20%20%R09NNE,NE100%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%100%20%20%20%R10ENE,E100%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%100%20%100%20%R11ESE,SE,SSE100%100%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%100%20%Evacuate5MileRadiusandDownwindtotheEPZBoundary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helter in Placeuntil90%ETEforR01,thenEvacuatePAZ(s)Shelter in PlacePAZ(s)Evacuate EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableH 1.ContinuedRegionDescriptionProtectiveActionZoneA 0A 1A 2B 1B 2C 1C 2D 1D 2E 1E 2F 1F 2StagedEvacuation2 MileRadiusEvacuates,thenEvacuateDownwindto5MilesR225 MileRing100%100%20%100%20%100%20%20%20%100%20%100%20%R23S,SSW100%100%20%100%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%R24SW,WSW100%100%20%100%20%100%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%R25W100%20%20%100%20%100%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%R26WNW,NW100%20%20%20%20%100%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%R27NNW,N100%20%20%20%20%100%20%20%20%100%20%20%20%R28NNE,NE100%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%100%20%20%20%R29ENE,E100%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%100%20%100%20%R30ESE,SE,SSE100%100%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%100%20%Shelter in Placeuntil90%ETEforR01,thenEvacuatePAZ(s)Shelter in PlacePAZ(s)Evacuate EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH 1.RegionR01 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 5KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH 2.RegionR02 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 6KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH 3.RegionR03 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 7KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH 4.RegionR04 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 8KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH 5.RegionR05 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 9KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH 6.RegionR06 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 10KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH 7.RegionR07 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 11KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH 8.RegionR08 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 12KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH 9.RegionR09 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 13KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH10.RegionR10 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 14KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH11.RegionR11 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 15KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH12.RegionR12 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 16KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH13.RegionR13 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 17KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH14.RegionR14 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 18KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH15.RegionR15 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 19KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH16.RegionR16 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 20KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH17.RegionR17 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 21KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH18.RegionR18 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 22KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH19.RegionR19 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 23KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH20.RegionR20 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 24KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH21.RegionR21 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 25KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH22.RegionR22 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 26KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH23.RegionR23 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 27KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH24.RegionR24 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 28KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH 25RegionR25 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 29KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH26.RegionR26 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 30KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH27.RegionR27 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 31KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH28.RegionR28 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 32KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH29.RegionR29 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationH 33KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureH30.RegionR30 APPENDIXJRepresentativeInputsandOutputsfromtheDYNEVIISystem EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5J. REPRESENTATIVEINPUTSTOANDOUTPUTSFROMTHEDYNEVIISYSTEMThisappendixpresentsdatainputtoandoutputfromtheDYNEVIISystem.TableJ 1providesthevolumeandqueuesforthetenhighestvolumesignalizedintersectionsinthestudyarea.RefertoTableK 2andthefiguresinAppendixKforamapshowingthegeographiclocationofeachintersection.TableJ 2providessource(vehicleloading)anddestinationinformationforfiveroadwaysegments(link)intheanalysisnetwork.RefertoTableK 1andthefiguresinAppendixKforamapshowingthegeographiclocationofeachlink.TableJ 3providesnetwork-widestatistics(averagetraveltime,averagespeedandnumberofvehicles)foranevacuationoftheentireEPZ(RegionR03)foreachscenario.Asexpected,Scenarios8and11,whichareicescenarios,exhibittheslowestaveragespeedandlongestaveragetraveltimes.TableJ 4providesstatistics(averagespeedandtraveltime)forthemajorevacuationroutes(US76,US176,I 26)foranevacuationoftheentireEPZ(RegionR03)underScenario1conditions.AsdiscussedinSection7.3andshowninFigures7 3and7 4,thereisnomaterialcongestionwithintheEPZ.Consequently,thesp eedsshowninthistablereflectfree flowspeeds.TableJ 5providesthenumberofvehiclesdischargedandthecumulativepercentoftotalvehiclesdischargedforeachlinkexitingtheanalysisnetwork,foranevacuationoftheentireEPZ(RegionR03)underScenario1conditions.RefertoTableK 1andth efiguresinAppendixKforamapshowingthegeographiclocationofeachlink.FiguresJ 1throughJ 14plotthetripgenerationtimeversustheETEforeachofthe14Scenariosconsidered.ThedistancebetweenthetripgenerationandETEcurvesisthetraveltime.PlotsoftripgenerationversusETEarein dicativeoftheleveloftrafficcongestionduringevacuation.Forlowpopulationdensitysites,thecurvesareclosetogether,indicatingshorttraveltimesandminimaltrafficcongestion.Forhigherpopulationdensitysites,thecurvesarefartherapartindicatinglongertraveltimesandthepresenceoftrafficcongestion.AsseeninFiguresJ 1throughJ 14,thecurvesarecloselyalignedsincethereisnotrafficcongestionintheEPZ,whichwasdiscussedindetailinSection7.3.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableJ 1.CharacteristicsoftheTenHighestVolumeSignalizedIntersectionsNodeLocationIntersection ControlApproach (UpNode)TotalVolume(Veh)Max.TurnQueue(Veh)393US76/US176andSH27/WoodrowStActuated3923,35003944130TOTAL3,763630US76/US176andKoonRdActuated63170119362,56403924220TOTAL3,687221US76andSH6Actuated2223,045132203970TOTAL3,442218US76andUS176Actuated8521,00706121,75209366420TOTAL3,401222US76andMarinaRdActuated22191070917208212,8730TOTAL3,136 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableJ 1.CharacteristicsoftheTenHighestVolumeSignalizedIntersectionsContinuedfromabove.NodeLocationIntersection ControlApproach (UpNode)TotalVolume(Veh)Max.TurnQueue(Veh)225US 76andLowmanHomeBarnRdActuated2262,497022411807101580TOTAL2,773809US76andSH219Actuated8081,139284371408109040TOTAL2,757226US 76andThreeDogRdActuated2272,38902251230819470818580TOTAL2,617686US 76andWessingerRdActuated68771702281,57702271340815130TOTAL2,441810US76andSH34Actuated809996092189608133930TOTAL2,285 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableJ 2.SampleSimulationModelInputLinkVehiclesEnteringNetworkonthisLinkDirectionalPreferenceCandidateDestination NodesDestinationCapacity24E,SE8032169886641698806116988614E8664169832233S83911698839516988824675049813W88132161881438108720169868224E81411698847016988032169878113W84011698836345008813216189954E866416988061169881411698101718SW872016988391169883951698116013SE839516988824675088271698 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 5KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableJ 3.SelectedModelOutputsfortheEvacuationoftheEntireEPZ(RegionR03)Scenario1234567891011121314Network WideAverageTravelTime(Min/VehMi)1.031.161.031.171.061.031.171.341.031.171.341.061.201.14Network WideAverageSpeed(mph)58.5351.7858.4851.3356.3558.1351.4744.8058.5351.3444.8656.3549.9152.76TotalVehiclesExitingNetwork28,50928,64428,18328,31819,08728,76728,90229,04828,12928,26628,41819,08633,90128,512 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 6KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableJ 4.AverageEvacuationRouteTravelTime(min)forRegionR03,Scenario1ElapsedTime(hours)1 2 3 4 Route#Length(miles)Speed TravelTime Speed TravelTimeSpeed TravelTime Speed TravelTime Interstate26WB14.6871.712.371.812.374.211.974.311.9Interstate26EB14.6872.012.272.112.274.111.974.811.8US76WB12.8651.714.951.315.050.615.251.714.9US76EB12.8750.615.250.715.250.115.451.614.9US176WB18.6955.420.255.420.256.12056.219.9US176EB18.6954.920.455.320.355.720.155.720.1 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 7KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableJ 5.SimulationModelOutputsatNetworkExitLinksforRegionR03,Scenario1EPZExitLinkElapsedTime(hours)1 2 3 4VehiclesDischargedDuringtheIndicatedTimeIntervalCumulativePercentofVehiclesDischargedDuringtheIndicatedTimeInterval 37440993111911445.424.684.094.04711955746626692.402.702.422.36922436418679142.993.023.173.231501344035235491.651.901.911.941801306298168431.602.972.982.98541212846775731577926.2522.0520.9520.415925011895256527056.188.949.389.555974691566214522255.787.387.847.866091233514564801.511.651.671.7063631725270.040.080.090.09638321101451520.400.520.530.547072336398969692.873.013.273.42995147685102711181.813.233.763.95

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 8KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableJ 5.SimulationModelOutputsatNetworkExitLinksforRegionR03,Scenario1ContinuedfrompreviouspageEPZExitLinkElapsedTime(hours)1 2 3 4VehiclesDischargedDuringtheIndicatedTimeIntervalCumulativePercentofVehiclesDischargedDuringtheIndicatedTimeInterval 11112686968889293.313.283.243.2811134221025130213395.214.834.764.731125231055597137730528.526.2126.0925.81131332750105511644.093.533.864.11 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 9KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureJ 1.ETEandTripGenerationSummer,Midweek,Midday,GoodWeather(Scenario1)0%20%40%

60%

80%100%0306090120150180210240270300 PercentofTotalVehiclesElapsedTime(min)ETEandTripGenerationSummer,Midweek,Midday,Good (Scenario1)TripGenerationETE EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 10KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureJ 2.ETEandTripGenerationSummer,Midweek,Midday,Rain(Scenario2)0%20%40%

60%

80%100%0306090120150180210240270300 PercentofTotalVehiclesElapsedTime(min)ETEandTripGenerationSummer,Midweek,Midday,Rain (Scenario2)TripGenerationETE EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 11KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureJ 3.ETEandTripGenerationSummer,Weekend,Midday,GoodWeather(Scenario3)0%20%40%

60%

80%100%0306090120150180210240270300 PercentofTotalVehiclesElapsedTime(min)ETEandTripGenerationSummer,Weekend,Midday,Good (Scenario3)TripGenerationETE EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 12KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureJ 4.ETEandTripGenerationSummer,Weekend,Midday,Rain(Scenario4)0%20%40%

60%

80%100%0306090120150180210240270300 PercentofTotalVehiclesElapsedTime(min)ETEandTripGenerationSummer,Weekend,Midday,Rain (Scenario4)TripGenerationETE EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 13KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureJ 5.ETEandTripGenerationSummer,Midweek,Weekend,Evening,GoodWeather(Scenario5)0%20%40%

60%

80%100%0306090120150180210240270300 PercentofTotalVehiclesElapsedTime(min)ETEandTripGenerationSummer,Midweek,Weekend,Evening,Good (Scenario5)TripGenerationETE EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 14KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureJ 6.ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Midweek,Midday,GoodWeather(Scenario6)0%20%40%

60%

80%100%0306090120150180210240270300 PercentofTotalVehiclesElapsedTime(min)ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Midweek,Midday,Good (Scenario6)TripGenerationETE EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 15KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureJ 7.ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Midweek,Midday,Rain(Scenario7)0%20%40%

60%

80%100%0306090120150180210240270300 PercentofTotalVehiclesElapsedTime(min)ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Midweek,Midday,Rain (Scenario7)TripGenerationETE EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 16KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureJ 8.ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Midweek,Midday,Ice(Scenario8)0%20%40%

60%

80%100%0306090120150180210240270300 PercentofTotalVehiclesElapsedTime(min)ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Midweek,Midday,Ice (Scenario8)TripGenerationETE EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 17KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureJ 9.ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Weekend,Midday,GoodWeather(Scenario9)0%20%40%

60%

80%100%0306090120150180210240270300 PercentofTotalVehiclesElapsedTime(min)ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Weekend,Midday,Good (Scenario9)TripGenerationETE EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 18KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureJ10.ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Weekend,Midday,Rain(Scenario10)0%20%40%

60%

80%100%0306090120150180210240270300 PercentofTotalVehiclesElapsedTime(min)ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Weekend,Midday,Rain (Scenario10)TripGenerationETE EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 19KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureJ11.ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Weekend,Midday,Ice(Scenario11)0%20%40%

60%

80%100%0306090120150180210240270300 PercentofTotalVehiclesElapsedTime(min)ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Weekend,Midday,Ice (Scenario11)TripGenerationETE EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 20KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureJ12.ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Midweek,Weekend,Evening,GoodWeather(Scenario12)0%20%40%

60%

80%100%0306090120150180210240270300 PercentofTotalVehiclesElapsedTime(min)ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Midweek,Weekend,Evening,Good (Scenario12)TripGenerationETE EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 21KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureJ13.ETEandTripGenerationSummer,Midweek,Midday,GoodWeather,Construction(Scenario13)0%20%40%

60%

80%100%0306090120150180210240270300 PercentofTotalVehiclesElapsedTime(min)ETEandTripGenerationWinter,Midweek,Midday,Good,Construction (Scenario13)TripGenerationETE EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationJ 22KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureJ14.ETEandTripGenerationSummer,Midweek,Midday,GoodWeather,RoadwayImpact(Scenario14)0%20%40%

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80%100%0306090120150180210240270300 PercentofTotalVehiclesElapsedTime(min)ETEandTripGenerationSummer,Midweek,Midday,Good,RoadwayImpact (Scenario14)TripGenerationETE APPENDIXKEvacuationRoadwayNetwork EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5K. EVACUATIONROADWAYNETWORKAsdiscussedinSection1.3,alink nodeanalysisnetworkwasconstructedtomodeltheroadwaynetworkwithinthestudyarea.FigureK 1providesanoverviewofthelink nodeanalysisnetwork.Thefigurehasbeendividedupinto49moredetailedfigures(FigureK 2throughFigureK 50)whichshoweachofthelinksandnodesinthenetwork.TheanalysisnetworkwascalibratedusingtheobservationsmadeduringthefieldsurveyconductedinMay2011.TableK 1liststhecharacteristicsofeachroadwaysectionmodeledintheETEanalysis.Eachlinkisidentifiedbyitsroadnameandtheupstreamanddownstreamnodenumbers.Thegeographiclocationofeachlinkcanbeobservedbyreferencingthemap(FigureK 2throughFigureK 50)correspondingtothegridnumberprovidedinTableK 1.TheroadwayidentifiedinTableK 1isbasedonthefollowingcriteria: Freeway:limitedaccesshighway,2ormorelanesineachdirection,highfreeflowspeeds Freewayramp:rampontooroffofalimitedaccesshighway Majorarterial:3ormorelanesineachdirection Minorarterial:2ormorelanesineachdirection Collector:singlelaneineachdirection Localroadways:singlelaneineachdirection,localroadswithlowfreeflowspeedsTheterm,"No.ofLanes"inTableK 1identifiesthenumberoflanesthatextendthroughoutthelengthofthelink.Manylinkshaveadditionallanesontheimmediateapproachtoanintersection(turnpockets);thesehav ebeenrecordedandenteredintotheinputstreamfortheDYNEVIISystem.AsdiscussedinSection1.3,lanewidthandshoulderwidthwerenotphysicallymeasuredduringtheroadsurvey.Rather,estimatesofthesemeasureswerebasedonvisualobservationsandrecordedimages.TableK 2identifieseac hnodeinthenetworkthatiscontrolledandthetypeofcontrol(stopsign,yieldsign,pre timedsignal,actuatedsignal,trafficcontrolpoint)atthatnode.UncontrollednodesarenotincludedinTableK 2.Thegeographiclocationofeachnodecanbeobservedbyreferencingthemap(FigureK 2throughFigureK 50)correspondingtothegripnumberprovidedinTableK 2.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK 1.OverviewofLinkNodeAnalysis EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK 2.Grid1 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK 3.Grid2 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 5KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK 4.Grid3 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 6KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK 5.Grid4 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 7KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK 6.Grid5 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 8KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK 7.Grid6 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 9KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK 8.Grid7 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 10KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK 9.Grid8 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 11KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK10.Grid9 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 12KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK11.Grid10 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 13KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK12.Grid11 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 14KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK13.Grid12 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 15KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK14.Grid13 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 16KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK15.Grid14 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 17KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK16.Grid15 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 18KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK17.Grid16 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 19KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK18.Grid17 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 20KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK19.Grid18 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 21KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK20.Grid19 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 22KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK21.Grid20 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 23KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK22.Grid21 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 24KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK23.Grid22 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 25KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK24.Grid23 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 26KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK25.Grid24 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 27KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK26.Grid25 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 28KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK27.Grid26 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 29KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK28.Grid27 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 30KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK29.Grid28 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 31KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK30.Grid29 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 32KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK31.Grid30 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 33KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK32.Grid31 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 34KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK33.Grid32 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 35KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK34.Grid33 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 36KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK35.Grid34 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 37KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK36.Grid35 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 38KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK37.Grid36 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 39KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK38.Grid37 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 40KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK39.Grid38 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 41KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK40.Grid39 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 42KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK41.Grid40 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 43KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK42.Grid41 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 44KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK43.Grid42 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 45KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK44.Grid43 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 46KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK45.Grid44 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 47KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK46.Grid45 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 48KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK47.Grid46 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 49KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK48.Grid47 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 50KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK49.Grid48 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 51KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5FigureK50.Grid49 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 52KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableK 1.EvacuationRoadwayNetworkCharacteristicsLink#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 113Rt213 collector 1265 112 017005021 2187Rt215 collector 1502 112 017005521 32126Rt34 collector 2206 112 0170055 8 4333Rt213 collector 2034 112 017004521 545Rt215 collector 1538 112 017005521 646Rt215 collector 1786 112 017005021 751Rt215 collector 5632 112 017005521 867Rt215 collector 4286 112 017005021 978Rt215 collector 3734 112 017005029 10814Rt215 collector 773 112 017004529 118168Rt213 collector 2361 112 217006529 1294BradhamBlvd collector 1256 112 017005021 13109BradhamBlvd collector 1186 112 017004521 141110BradhamBlvd collector 1928 112 017004520 151211BradhamBlvd collector 2158 112 017004520 161312BradhamBlvd collector 1810 112 017004520 1713832SLakeAccessRd minorarterial 1891 212 019004020 181415Rt215 collector 3193 112 017004529 191516Rt215 collector 5461 112 017005529 201617Rt215 collector 2010 112 017506029 211718Rt215 collector 2177 112 017006029 221819Rt215 collector 1491 112 017006029 231920Rt215 collector 6068 112 017006029 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 53KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 242021Rt215 collector 4779 112 017006029 252122Rt215 collector 4009 112 017006029 262223Rt215 collector 8291 112 017006030 272324Rt215 collector 7098 112 017005536 282425Rt215 collector 8172 112 017006036 292527Rt215 collector 3235 112 017006036 302627Rt269 collector 1549 112 017005537 312685Rt269 collector 3072 112 017006037 322726Rt269 collector 1549 112 017005537 332728Rt215 collector 2428 112 017006037 342829Rt215 collector 6876 112 017006037 352930Rt215 collector 2159 112 017005537 363031Rt215 collector 1723 112 017005537 373132Rt215 collector 1780 112 017005537 383334Rt213 collector 5185 112 017006021 393435Rt213 collector 3862 112 017006021 403536Rt213 collector 2184 112 017006021 4135803SRS 20 48 collector 5255 112 017005521 423637Rt213 collector 2363 112 017005521 433738Rt213 collector 1281 112 017004521 443839Rt213 collector 949 112 017004521 453940Rt213 collector 1339 112 017004521 464041Rt213 collector 2106 112 017004521 474142Rt213 collector 1991 112 017004521 484243Rt213 collector 4038 112 017006021 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 54KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 494344Rt213 collector 1619 112 017006015 504445Rt213 collector 4960 112 017006015 514546Rt213 collector 4221 112 017006015 524647Rt213 collector 2107 112 017005515 534748Route213 collector 3262 112 017006015 5447804KincaidBridgeRd collector 5343 112 117005515 554849Route213 collector 1827 112 017006015 564950Route213 collector 4745 112 017006015 575051Route213 collector 4980 112 017006016 585152Route213 collector 1177 112 017006023 595253Route213 collector 951 112 017006023 605354Route213 collector 1410 112 017006016 615455Route213 collector 2781 112 017006016 625556Route213 collector 2141 112 017006023 635657Route213 collector 3789 112 017504016 645758US321 minorarterial 1006 212 119005516 6557450US321 minorarterial 935 212 019004516 6657452US321BUS minorarterial 210 212 015753516 675857US321 minorarterial 1006 212 117504516 685859Rt34 collector 329 112 017005023 695862US321 minorarterial 556 212 119005523 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 55KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 705960Rt34 collector 2491 112 117006023 716061Rt34 collector 9830 112 117006023 726258US321 minorarterial 556 212 119005523 736263US321 minorarterial 4679 212 119006023 746362US321 minorarterial 4679 212 119005523 756364US321 minorarterial 1072 212 117506023 766463US321 minorarterial 1072 212 119006023 776465US321 minorarterial 3948 212 019005523 786472Rt269 collector 2959 112 017005523 796564US321 minorarterial 3948 212 017506023 806566US321 collector 3273 112 017006523 816665US321 collector 3273 112 017006523 826667US321 collector 4084 112 017006023 836766US321 collector 4084 112 017006023 846768US321 collector 7402 112 017006023 856867US321 collector 7402 112 017005523 866869US321 collector 4599 112 017006031 876968US321 collector 4599 112 017006031 8869805US321 collector 5404 112 017006031 897071US321 collector 7456 112 017006031 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 56KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 9070805US321 collector 4683 112 017006031 917170US321 collector 7456 112 017006031 9271664US321 collector 5614 112 017006031 937264Rt269 collector 2959 112 017504523 947273Rt269 collector 2247 112 017005523 957372Rt269 collector 2247 112 017005523 967374Rt269 collector 3530 112 017005523 977473Rt269 collector 3530 112 017005523 987475Rt269 collector 2097 112 017005523 997574Rt269 collector 2097 112 017005523 10075652Rt269 collector 1813 112 017005523 1017677Rt269 collector 4886 112 017005523 10276652Rt269 collector 3933 112 017005523 1037776Rt269 collector 4886 112 017005523 1047786Rt269 collector 4173 112 017005522 1057879Rt269 collector 3825 112 017005530 1067886Rt269 collector 4073 112 017005522 1077978Rt269 collector 3825 112 017005530 1087980Rt269 collector 3938 112 017006030 1098079Rt269 collector 3938 112 017005530 1108081Rt269 collector 3809 112 017006030 1118180Rt269 collector 3809 112 017006030 1128182Rt269 collector 6429 112 017006030 1138281Rt269 collector 6429 112 017006030 1148283Rt269 collector 1024 112 017006030 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 57KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 1158382Rt269 collector 1024 112 017006030 1168384Rt269 collector 5460 112 017006030 1178483Rt269 collector 5460 112 017006030 11884655Rt269 collector 1262 112 017006037 1198526Rt269 collector 3072 112 017006037 12085655Rt269 collector 2809 112 017006037 1218677Rt269 collector 4173 112 017005522 1228678Rt269 collector 4073 112 017005522 1238788Rt215 collector 4923 112 017005521 1248889Rt215 collector 4294 112 017005521 1258990Rt215 collector 1561 112 017005521 1269091Rt215 collector 3591 112 017005514 1279192Rt215 collector 2400 112 017005014 1289293Rt215 collector 2926 112 017005514 1299394Rt215 collector 2468 112 017005514 1309495Rt215 collector 8912 112 017004514 1319596Rt215 collector 2065 112 017004514 1329697Rt215 collector 2278 112 017005514 1339798Rt215 collector 2276 112 0170055 7 1349899Rt215 collector 2814 112 0170055 7 13599112Rt215 collector 912 112 0170060 7 13699114Rt34 collector 939 110 0170055 7 13799143Rt34 collector 494 112 0170055 7 138100101Rt215 collector 1361 112 0170060 7 139101102Rt215 collector 2893 112 0170050 6 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 58KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 140102924Rt215 collector 1265 112 0170060 6 141103104Rt215 collector 3257 112 0170060 6 142104105Rt215 collector 3451 112 0170060 6 143105106Rt215 collector 3239 112 0170060 2 144106107Rt215 collector 3783 112 0170060 2 145107108Rt215 collector 3435 112 0170060 2 146108109Rt215 collector 3797 112 0170060 2 147109110Rt215 collector 1003 112 0170060 2 148110113Rt215 collector 1385 112 0170060 2 149112100Rt215 collector 4617 112 0170060 7 150113111Rt215 collector 1797 112 0170060 2 151114115Rt34 collector 3226 110 0170055 7 152115116Rt34 collector 3043 112 0170055 7 153116117Rt34 collector 835 112 0170055 7 154117118Rt34 collector 1836 112 0170055 7 155118119Rt34 collector 926 112 0170055 7 156119120Rt34 collector 7770 112 0170055 7 157120121Rt34 collector 3001 112 017005514 158121122Rt34 collector 1900 112 017005514 159122123Rt34 collector 1654 112 017005514 160123124Rt34 collector 2189 112 017005514 161124125Rt34 collector 1679 112 017005515 1621252Rt34 collector 2360 112 017005515 163126142Rt34 collector 3117 112 0170055 8 164127128Rt34 collector 1611 112 0170055 8 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 59KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 165128129Rt34 collector 1393 112 0170060 8 166129130Rt34 collector 1577 112 0170065 8 167129557SRS 20 38 collector 1991 112 0170045 8 168130131Rt34 collector 3322 112 0170060 8 169131132Rt34 collector 1987 112 017006015 170132133Rt34 collector 1626 112 017006015 171133134Rt34 collector 1898 112 017006015 172134135Rt34 collector 2168 112 017005016 173135136Rt34 collector 4774 112 017005516 174136137Rt34 collector 2457 112 017004016 175137138Rt34 collector 3247 112 017504516 176138139Route200 collector 2749 112 017004516 177138451US321 collector 5077 112 017004516 178138463US321 collector 4075 112 017004516 179139140Route200 collector 1021 112 017004516 180140141Route200 collector 4684 112 017005516 181140462US321BUS minorarterial 724 212 019004516 182140464US321BUS collector 1882 112 017006016 183142127Rt34 collector 3628 112 0170055 8 184143144Rt34 collector 1436 112 0170055 6 185144145Rt34 collector 814 112 0170055 6 186145146Rt34 collector 953 112 0170055 6 187146147Rt34 collector 3506 112 0170060 6 188147148Rt34 collector 2391 112 0170060 6 189148149Rt34 collector 4532 112 0170060 6 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 60KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 190149150Rt34 collector 2665 112 0170060 6 191150151Rt34 collector 3069 112 0170060 6 192151152Rt34 collector 2127 112 0170060 6 193152153Rt34 collector 3182 112 017006013 194153154Rt34 collector 1133 112 017006013 195154155Rt34 collector 3863 112 017006013 196155156Rt34 collector 5407 112 017006012 197156157Rt34 collector 3118 112 617006012 198157158Rt34 collector 4040 112 017006012 199158159Rt34 collector 627 112 017506012 200159160Rt34 collector 8837 112 017006012 201159402Mt.PleasantRd collector 3914 111 017005012 202160161Rt34 collector 3222 112 017006012 203161545Rt34 collector 1961 112 017006012 204162163Rt34 collector 5077 112 017006011 205163164Rt34 collector 1449 112 017006011 206164165Rt34 collector 3936 112 017006011 207165166Rt34 collector 3738 112 017006011 208166167Rt34 collector 2503 112 017506011 209167312US176 collector 2094 112 017006018 210167352Rt34 collector 4941 112 017005518 211167396US176 collector 3267 112 017006511 2121688Rt213 collector 2361 112 217504529 213168169Rt213 collector 2724 112 217506528 214169168Rt213 collector 2723 112 217006528 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 61KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 215169170Rt213 collector 2104 112 217006528 216170171Rt213 collector 1897 112 217006528 217171172Rt213 collector 7826 112 217504028 218172173Rt213 collector 4137 112 117006028 219173174Rt213 collector 4802 112 117006028 220174175Rt213 collector 1945 112 017505528 221175192US176 collector 6665 112 017005527 222175197US176 collector 3076 112 017006028 223176172CRS 36 28 collector 1957 110 017504528 224177176CRS 36 28 collector 5808 110 017005528 225178177CRS 36 28 collector 1368 110 017005528 226179180CRS 36 28 collector 1605 110 017005520 227180181CRS 36 28 collector 1300 110 017005520 228181182CRS 36 28 collector 1831 110 017005520 229182183CRS 36 28 collector 4580 110 017005520 230183184CRS 36 28 collector 4414 110 017005520 231184185CRS 36 28 collector 2325 110 017005520 232185186CRS 36 28 collector 7024 110 017005519 233186187CRS 36 28 collector 4319 110 017005512 234187188CRS 36 28 collector 8273 110 017005512 235188159CRS 36 28 collector 7032 110 017505512 236189172CRS 36 28 collector 1706 112 017504528 237190178CRS 36 28 collector 3061 110 017005528 238190179CRS 36 28 collector 2156 110 017005528 239191190PeakRd collector 1463 112 017004028 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 62KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 240192175US176 collector 6665 112 017505527 241192193US176 collector 2941 112 017005527 242193192US176 collector 2942 112 017005527 243193194US176 collector 2275 112 017005527 244194193US176 collector 2277 112 017005527 245194195US176 collector 5602 112 017006027 246194279Rt202 collector 3706 112 017006027 247195194US176 collector 5602 112 017005527 248195196US176 collector 2673 112 117006027 249196195US176 collector 2673 112 117006027 250196306Rt773 collector 506 112 017005027 251196307US176 collector 2406 112 117006027 252197175US176 collector 3076 112 017505528 253197198US176 collector 3023 112 017006028 254198197US176 collector 3023 112 017006028 255198199US176 collector 3554 112 017006028 256199198US176 collector 3554 112 017006028 257199200US176 collector 1950 112 017006028 258200199US176 collector 1950 112 017006028 259200201US176 collector 1192 112 017506028 260201200US176 collector 1192 112 017006028 261201202US176 collector 8027 112 017005534 262201262HolyTrinityChurchRd collector 1335 112 017005534 263202201US176 collector 8027 112 017506034 264202203US176 collector 2176 112 017005534 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 63KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 265203202US176 collector 2178 112 017005534 266203204US176 collector 2603 112 017005534 267204203US176 collector 2604 112 017005534 268204205US176 collector 1875 112 017005534 269205204US176 collector 1878 112 017005534 270205206US176 collector 4302 112 017005534 271206205US176 collector 4299 112 017005534 272206207US176 collector 2659 112 017005534 273207206US176 collector 2659 112 017005534 274207208US176 collector 2750 112 017005535 275208207US176 collector 2745 112 017005535 276208209US176 collector 3854 112 017005535 277209208US176 collector 3854 112 017005535 278209210US176 collector 2826 112 017004535 279209268SRS 40 39 collector 1942 112 117004535 280210209US176 collector 2826 112 017004535 281210605US176 collector 2520 112 017004535 282211212US176 collector 3226 112 017004535 283211605US176 collector 1706 112 017004535 284212211US176 collector 3226 112 017004535 285212213US176 collector 4532 112 017504535 286213212US176 collector 4532 112 017004535 287213382US176 collector 1907 112 017005535 288214215US176 collector 1596 112 017004543 289214382US176 collector 597 112 017005535 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 64KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 290214383I 26on ramptoUS176 localroadway427 112 813503043 291215214US176 collector 1596 112 017504543 292215380I 26on ramptoUS176 localroadway507 112 813503043 293215865US176 collector 161 112 017004543 294216217US176 collector 2108 112 017005543 295216865US176 collector 4520 112 017004543 296217216US176 collector 2108 112 017005543 297217612US176 collector 1810 112 017505543 298218612US176 collector 1543 112 017505546 299218852US76 collector 1812 112 117005043 300218936US76 collector 738 112 417005046 301219220US76 collector 1089 112 117004543 302219852US76 collector 1652 112 117005043 303220219US76 collector 1089 112 117004543 304220221US76 minorarterial 1523 212 117504543 305221220US76 minorarterial 1523 212 119004543 306221222US76 minorarterial 1075 212 117504043 307221389Rt6 collector 1513 112 017004543 308222221US76 minorarterial 1075 212 117504543 309222821US76 minorarterial 2188 212 119004043 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 65KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 310223821US76 minorarterial 1708 212 219004043 311223854US76 minorarterial 602 212 219004543 312224225US76 collector 3253 112 217504542 313224717US76 collector 822 112 217004542 314225224US76 collector 3253 112 217004542 315225226US76 collector 2692 112 217505542 316226225US76 collector 2688 112 217504542 317226227US76 collector 4246 112 217006042 318227226US76 collector 4247 112 117505542 319227686US76 collector 3054 112 117506041 320228229US76 collector 3234 112 117006041 321228686US76 collector 2477 112 117506041 322229228US76 collector 3238 112 117006041 323229230US76 collector 3015 112 017506034 324230229US76 collector 3015 112 017006034 325230231US76 collector 4841 112 017005534 326231230US76 collector 4841 112 017506034 327231232US76 collector 3056 112 017004534 328232231US76 collector 3056 112 017005534 329232855US76 collector 861 112 017004534 330233684US76 collector 1377 112 017505534 331233855US76 collector 351 112 017004534 332234684US76 collector 1375 112 017505534 333234857US76 collector 950 112 017005034 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 66KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 334235236US76 collector 6981 112 417006033 335235857US76 collector 4738 112 017005034 336236235US76 collector 6981 112 417005533 337236237US76 collector 4406 112 017005033 338237236US76 collector 4406 112 017006033 339237238US76 collector 1792 112 117005033 340238237US76 collector 1794 112 117005033 341238932US76 collector 2203 112 117005033 342239284Rt202 collector 3450 112 017004533 343239767US76 collector 2908 112 117004533 344239932US76 collector 330 112 017005033 345240241US76 collector 8378 112 117005533 346240767US76 collector 1217 112 117004533 347241240US76 collector 8378 112 117005533 348241775US76 collector 978 112 117005533 349242775US76 collector 2803 112 117005532 350242858US76 collector 5070 112 117505532 351243244US76 collector 2909 110 017005526 352243311Rt773 collector 1163 112 017005026 353243858US76 collector 2133 112 117505526 354244243US76 collector 2909 110 017505526 355244245US76 collector 2018 112 017005026 356245244US76 collector 2018 112 017005026 357245861US76 collector 5181 112 017004026 358246247US76 collector 2007 112 017004032 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 67KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 359246860US76 collector 1254 112 013503032 360247246US76 collector 2006 112 017004032 361247248US76 collector 2544 112 017004525 362248247US76 collector 2545 112 017004025 363248249US76 collector 3202 112 017005025 364248928Rt391 collector 1178 116 015753525 365249248US76 collector 3202 112 019004525 366249250US76 minorarterial 2462 212 019005025 367250249US76 minorarterial 2462 212 019005025 368250251US76 minorarterial 2203 212 019006025 369251250US76 minorarterial 2203 212 019005025 370251252US76 minorarterial 5286 212 019006025 371252251US76 minorarterial 5286 212 019006025 372252351US76 minorarterial 3162 212 019006025 373254255Rt391 localroadway426 112 06751532 374254927Rt391 localroadway1353 112 06751532 375255256Rt391 collector 1968 112 015753532 376256257Rt391 collector 2325 112 017004032 377257258Rt391 collector 2571 112 017004032 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 68KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 378258259Rt391 collector 1362 112 017005032 379259260Rt391 collector 1297 112 017005532 380260261Rt391 collector 1778 112 017005532 381261718Rt391 collector 5224 112 017005532 382262263PeakSt collector 7327 110 017005534 383263264PeakSt collector 3499 110 017005534 384264265PeakSt collector 1765 110 017005534 385265266PeakSt collector 1606 110 017004034 386266267PeakSt collector 1526 110 015753534 387267278ColumbiaAve collector 2688 112 117004534 388267855PeakSt collector 739 112 017004034 389267931ColumbiaAve localroadway1752 112 14501034 390268209SRS 40 39 collector 1941 112 117004535 391268269SRS 40 39 collector 2316 112 117004534 392269268SRS 40 39 collector 2316 112 117004534 393269270SRS 40 39 collector 893 112 117005034 394270269SRS 40 39 collector 894 112 117005034 395270930SRS 40 39 collector 2642 112 117005534 396271272ColumbiaAve collector 1344 112 117504034 397271930ColumbiaAve collector 2576 112 117004034 398272271ColumbiaAve collector 1344 112 117004034 399272273ColumbiaAve/Route48 collector 690 112 117504034 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 69KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 400272275I 26on rampfromColumbiaAve freewayramp 1061 112 417004534 401273272ColumbiaAve/Route48 collector 690 112 117504034 402273274I 26on rampfromColumbiaAve freewayramp 889 112 417004534 403273276ColumbiaAve collector 1328 112 117005534 404274272I 26off ramptoColumbiaAve collector 734 112 417504534 405274275I 26 freeway 1619 2121222507534 406274376I 26 freeway 6101 2121222507534 407275273I 26off ramptoColumbiaAve collector 822 112 417504534 408275274I 26 freeway 1620 2121222507534 409275375I 26 freeway 3835 2121222507534 410276273ColumbiaAve collector 1328 112 117504034 411276277ColumbiaAve collector 2582 112 117004534 412277276ColumbiaAve collector 2582 112 117005534 413277278ColumbiaAve collector 2153 112 117004534 414278267ColumbiaAve collector 2688 112 117004534 415278277ColumbiaAve collector 2153 112 117004534 416279280Rt202 collector 2570 112 017006027 417280281Rt202 collector 5731 112 017006027 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 70KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 418281282Rt202 collector 1692 112 017004027 419282301I 26on rampfromRt202 freewayramp 1055 112 617004527 420282877Rt202 collector 236 112 017004027 421283284Rt202 collector 2747 112 017004533 422283876Rt202 collector 2418 112 017004027 423284239Rt202 collector 3449 112 017004033 424284283Rt202 collector 2753 112 017004033 425285310Rt773 collector 1434 112 017005527 426286287Rt773 collector 2036 112 017004527 427287288Rt773 collector 2754 112 017005527 428288289Rt773 collector 1990 112 017005527 429289290Rt773 collector 2092 112 017004527 430289338SRS 36 38 collector 1044 112 017005027 431290302Rt773 collector 1686 112 017004026 432291292Rt773 collector 2928 112 017006026 433291303Rt773 collector 1057 112 017004026 434292291Rt773 collector 2928 112 017006026 435292311Rt773 collector 5474 112 017005026 436293294SRS 36 38 collector 2190 112 017005026 437294295SRS 36 38 collector 1969 112 017005026 438295296SRS 36 38 collector 2820 112 017005026 439296339SRS 36 38 collector 2312 112 017005026 440297340SRS 36 38 collector 1742 112 017005026 441298299I 26on rampfromRt202 freewayramp 558 112 613503027 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 71KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 442298876Rt202 collector 275 112 017004027 443298877Rt202 collector 740 112 017004027 444299300I 26on rampfromRt202 freewayramp 477 112 613503027 445300301I 26 freeway 677 2121222507527 446300372I 26 freeway 2232 2121222507027 447300875I 26off ramptoRt202 freewayramp 413 112 613503027 448301300I 26 freeway 677 2121222507527 449301371I 26 freeway 3762 2121222507527 450301876I 26off ramptoRt202 freewayramp 1327 112 617004527 451302303Rt773 collector 704 112 217004026 452302304I 26on rampfromRt773 freewayramp 1218 112 417004526 453303291Rt773 collector 1058 112 017006026 454303302Rt773 collector 704 112 217004026 455303305I 26on rampfromRt773 freewayramp 935 112 417004526 456304303I 26off ramptoRt773 freewayramp 888 112 417004526 457304305I 26 freeway 1716 2121222507526 458304369I 26 freeway 2910 2121222507526 459305302I 26off ramptoRt773 freewayramp 615 112 417004526 460305304I 26 freeway 1716 2121222507526 461305370I 26 freeway 3048 2121222507526 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 72KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 462306285Rt773 collector 1688 112 017005027 463307196US176 collector 2406 112 117006027 464307308US176 collector 2890 112 017006019 465308307US176 collector 2890 112 017006019 466308309US176 collector 4551 112 017006019 467309308US176 collector 4551 112 017006019 468309313US176 collector 4225 112 017006018 469309317Rt219 collector 939 112 017005019 470310286Rt773 collector 3167 112 017005027 471311243Rt773 collector 1163 112 017505026 472311292Rt773 collector 5474 112 017006026 473312167US176 collector 2094 112 017506518 474312316US176 collector 3652 112 017006018 475313309US176 collector 4226 112 017006018 476313314US176 collector 9863 112 017006018 477314313US176 collector 9863 112 017006018 478314315US176 collector 3275 112 017006018 479315314US176 collector 3275 112 017006018 480315316US176 collector 5134 112 017006018 481316312US176 collector 3652 112 017006018 482316315US176 collector 5134 112 017006018 483317332Rt219 collector 2238 112 017005018 484318333Rt219 collector 1364 112 017006018 485319320Rt219 collector 7276 112 017006018 486320334Rt219 collector 1319 112 017006018 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 73KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 487321335Rt219 collector 1874 112 017006018 488322323Rt219 minorarterial 688 212 019004017 489322324I 26on rampfromRt219 freewayramp 668 112 417004517 490323325I 26on rampfromRt219 freewayramp 680 112 417004517 491323326Rt219 minorarterial 1320 212 019005517 492324323I 26off ramptoRt219 freewayramp 589 112 417004517 493324325I 26 freeway 1019 2121222507517 494324364I 26 freeway 5039 2121222507517 495325322I 26off ramptoRt219 freewayramp 514 112 417004517 496325324I 26 freeway 1019 2121222507517 497325365I 26 freeway 2170 2121222507517 498326327Rt219 minorarterial 3340 212 019005517 499327328Rt219 minorarterial 2143 212 019005517 500328329Rt219 minorarterial 1867 212 019005517 501329330Rt219 minorarterial 1314 212 019004017 502330331Rt219 minorarterial 1251 212 017504017 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 74KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 503331843Rt219 minorarterial 4003 212 017504517 504332318Rt219 collector 5667 112 017005518 505333319Rt219 collector 1551 112 017006018 506334321Rt219 collector 1682 112 017006018 507335336Rt219 collector 1332 112 017006018 508336337Rt219 collector 2588 112 017005018 509337322Rt219 minorarterial 2945 212 019004017 510338293SRS 36 38 collector 3210 112 017005026 511339297SRS 36 38 collector 5128 112 017005026 512340341SRS 36 38 collector 2376 112 017005026 513341342SRS 36 38 collector 2561 112 017005026 514342343SRS 36 38 collector 1714 112 017005026 515343344SRS 36 38 collector 1398 112 017005025 516344345SRS 36 38 collector 3696 112 017005025 517345346SRS 36 38 collector 2692 112 017005025 518346347SRS 36 38 collector 3405 112 017005025 519347348SRS 36 38 collector 2332 112 017005025 520348349SRS 36 38 collector 2285 112 017005025 521349350SRS 36 38 collector 1067 112 017005025 522350351US76 minorarterial 5277 212 019006025 523350879US76 minorarterial 2732 212 019004525 524351252US76 minorarterial 3162 212 019006025 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 75KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 525351350US76 minorarterial 5277 212 019006025 526352353Rt34 collector 2685 112 017005518 527353354Rt34 collector 4497 112 017005517 528354355Rt34 collector 3349 112 017005517 529355356Rt34 collector 1438 112 017005517 530356357Rt34 collector 3142 112 017005517 531357358Rt34 collector 2642 112 017005517 532358359Rt34 collector 646 112 017005517 533358361I 26on rampfromRt34 freewayramp 741 112 417004517 534359360I 26on rampfromRt34 freewayramp 665 112 417004517 535359362Rt34 collector 3389 112 017005517 536360358I 26off ramptoRt34 freewayramp 548 112 417004517 537360361I 26 freeway 1112 2121222507017 538360364I 26 freeway 4783 2121222507517 539361359I 26off ramptoRt34 freewayramp 607 112 417004517 540361360I 26 freeway 1112 2121222507517 541361363I 26 freeway 1414 2121222507517 542362921Rt34 collector 7316 112 017504517 543363361I 26 freeway 1414 2121222507517 544364324I 26 freeway 5039 2121222507517 545364360I 26 freeway 4783 2121222507517 546365325I 26 freeway 2170 2121222507517 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 76KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 547365366I 26 freeway 6190 2121222507517 548366365I 26 freeway 6190 2121222507517 549366367I 26 freeway 2238 2121222507526 550367366I 26 freeway 2238 2121222507526 551367368I 26 freeway 7981 2121222507526 552368367I 26 freeway 7981 2121222507526 553368369I 26 freeway 9783 2121222507526 554369304I 26 freeway 2910 2121222507526 555369368I 26 freeway 9783 2121222507526 556370305I 26 freeway 3048 2121222507526 557370371I 26 freeway 8105 2121222507527 558371301I 26 freeway 3762 2121222507527 559371370I 26 freeway 8105 2121222507527 560372300I 26 freeway 2232 2121222507527 561372373I 26 freeway 9958 2121222507527 562373372I 26 freeway 9958 2121222507527 563373374I 26 freeway 8796 2121222507534 564374373I 26 freeway 8796 2121222507534 565374375I 26 freeway 5481 2121222507534 566375275I 26 freeway 3835 2121222507534 567375374I 26 freeway 5481 2121222507534 568376274I 26 freeway 6101 2121222507534 569376377I 26 freeway 9476 2121222507534 570377376I 26 freeway 9476 2121222507534 571377378I 26 freeway 8550 2121222507535 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 77KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 572378377I 26 freeway 8550 2121222507535 573378864I 26 freeway 2636 2121222507535 574379385I 26 freeway 631 2121222507543 575379864I 26 freeway 303 2121222507543 576380381I 26on ramptoUS176 freewayramp 511 112 813503043 577381379I 26on ramptoUS176 freewayramp 420 112 813503043 578382213US176 collector 1907 112 017504535 579382214US176 collector 597 112 017504535 580383384I 26on ramptoUS176 freewayramp 654 112 813503043 581384385I 26on ramptoUS176 freewayramp 419 112 813503043 582385379I 26 freeway 631 2121222507543 583385866I 26 freeway 358 2121222507543 584386387I 26 freeway 9557 2121222507546 585386866I 26 freeway 8988 2121222507543 586387386I 26 freeway 9557 2121222507546 587387388I 26 freeway 6112 2121222507548 588388387I 26 freeway 6112 2121222507548 589388871I 26 freeway 389 3121222507549 590388935I 26off ramptoUS76 freewayramp 645 112 417004549 591389390Rt6 collector 4546 112 017004543 592390391Rt6 collector 5821 112 017004545 593392393US76 collector 1284 112 117504548 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 78KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 594392630US76 collector 4617 112 117505046 595393392US76 collector 1284 112 117005548 596393394US76 collector 3952 112 117005548 597393395NWoodrowSt collector 3666 112 017004548 598394393US76 collector 3952 112 117504548 599394935US76 minorarterial 1229 212 119005548 600396167US176 collector 3267 112 017506511 601396397US176 collector 7534 112 017006511 602397396US176 collector 7545 112 017006511 603397398US176 collector 8575 112 017006010 604398397US176 collector 8575 112 017006510 605398399US176 collector 7638 112 017005510 606399398US176 collector 7638 112 017006010 607399400US176 collector 3510 112 017006010 608400399US176 collector 3510 112 017005510 609400401US121 collector 3446 112 0170060 4 610401400US121 collector 3446 112 0170060 4 611402159Mt.PleasantRd collector 3915 111 017505012 612402403Mt.PleasantRd collector 2459 111 017005012 613403402Mt.PleasantRd collector 2459 111 017005012 614403404Mt.PleasantRd collector 2566 111 017005512 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 79KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 615404403Mt.PleasantRd collector 2565 111 017005012 616404405SRS 36 55 collector 4201 111 017005012 617405406SRS 36 55 collector 2963 111 017005512 618406407SRS 36 55 collector 3325 111 017005511 619407408SRS 36 45 collector 5180 112 017005511 620408409SRS 36 45 collector 1733 112 0170050 5 621409410SRS 36 45 collector 1653 112 0170050 5 622410411SRS 36 45 collector 1601 112 0170050 5 623411412SRS 36 45 collector 4293 112 0170050 5 624412413SRS 36 45 collector 1613 112 0170050 5 625413414SRS 36 45 collector 2167 112 0170050 5 626414415SRS 36 45 collector 2586 112 0170045 5 627415416SRS 36 45 collector 2400 112 0170045 5 628416417SRS 36 45 collector 1441 112 0170045 5 629416421TygerRiverRd collector 1198 112 0170045 5 630417418SRS 36 45 collector 1629 112 0170045 5 631418419SRS 36 45 collector 2498 112 0170045 5 632419420SRS 36 45 collector 972 112 0170045 5 633420425SRS 36 45 collector 1149 112 0170045 5 634420427Rt66 collector 1959 112 0170045 5 635421422TygerRiverRd collector 2541 112 0170045 5 636422423TygerRiverRd collector 5948 112 0170045 1 637424404OldBlairRd collector 1394 111 017004012 638425426SRS 36 45 collector 2036 112 0170045 5 639427428Rt66 collector 760 112 0170045 5 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 80KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 640428429Rt66 collector 5896 112 0170050 5 641429430Rt66 collector 2193 112 0170050 5 642430431Rt66 collector 3989 112 0170050 5 643431432Rt66 collector 1095 112 0170050 5 644432433Rt66 collector 1889 112 0170050 5 645433434Rt66 collector 1142 112 0170050 5 646434435Rt66 collector 1832 112 0170050 5 647435436Rt66 collector 1822 112 0170050 5 648436437Rt66 collector 2143 112 017005011 649437438Rt66 collector 1212 112 0170050 4 650438439Rt66 collector 1563 112 0170050 4 651439440Rt66 collector 6213 112 0170055 4 652440399Rt66 collector 3326 112 017004510 653441165SRS 36 55 collector 3058 112 015004011 654442203RStoudemayerRd collector 977 112 017004034 655443442RStoudemayerRd collector 1832 112 017005528 656444443RStoudemayerRd collector 3585 112 017004028 657445444RStoudemayerRd collector 2719 112 017004028 658446447US321 minorarterial 818 212 019004516 659446451US321 minorarterial 2643 212 019004516 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 81KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 660446828WMoultrieSt minorarterial 2092 212 019004016 661447446US321 majorarterial 818 312 017504516 662447449US321 minorarterial 1999 212 019004516 663448449US321 minorarterial 1753 212 019004516 664448450US321 minorarterial 4445 212 019004516 665449447US321 minorarterial 1999 212 019004516 666449448US321 minorarterial 1756 212 017504516 66745057US321 minorarterial 935 212 017504516 668450448US321 minorarterial 4445 212 017504516 669451138US321 collector 5077 112 017504516 670451446US321 minorarterial 2643 212 017504516 67145257US321BUS minorarterial 210 212 017503516 672452453US321BUS collector 2493 112 015753516 673453452US321BUS collector 2493 212 015753516 674453454US321BUS collector 1710 112 015753516 675454453US321BUS collector 1710 112 015753516 676454455US321BUS collector 3196 112 015753516 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 82KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 677455454US321BUS collector 3196 112 015753516 678455456US321BUS collector 1554 112 017004016 679456455US321BUS collector 1554 112 017004016 680456457US321BUS minorarterial 2122 212 017502516 681457456US321BUS minorarterial 2122 212 019004016 682457458US321BUS minorarterial 715 212 017502516 683458457US321BUS minorarterial 715 212 017502516 684458459US321BUS minorarterial 683 212 017502516 685459458US321BUS minorarterial 683 212 017502516 686459460US321BUS minorarterial 973 212 017502516 687460459US321BUS minorarterial 973 212 017502516 688460461US321BUS minorarterial 1400 212 019004016 689461460US321BUS minorarterial 1400 212 017502516 690461462US321BUS minorarterial 1515 212 019004516 691462140US321BUS minorarterial 724 212 019006016 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 83KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 692462461US321BUS minorarterial 1515 212 019004016 693463138US321 collector 4075 112 017504516 694463464US321BUS collector 3464 112 017006016 695463465US321 collector 1349 112 017006016 696464140US321BUS collector 1882 112 017006016 697464463US321BUS collector 3464 112 017004516 698465463US321 minorarterial 1348 212 019004516 699465466US321 collector 4687 112 0170060 9 700466465US321 collector 4688 112 0170060 9 701466467US321 collector 4950 112 0170060 9 702467466US321 collector 4950 112 0170060 9 703467468US321 collector 1715 112 0170060 9 704468467US321 collector 1715 112 0170060 9 705468469US321 collector 2056 112 0170060 9 706469468US321 collector 2056 112 0170060 9 707469470US321 collector 3524 112 0170060 9 708470469US321 collector 3524 112 0170060 9 709471169SLakeAccessRd minorarterial 3972 212 017504028 71047217GlennsBridgeRd collector 909 112 017504529 711473472GlennsBridgeRd collector 1202 112 017004529 712474473GlennsBridgeRd collector 1223 112 017004529 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 84KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 713475474GlennsBridgeRd collector 6123 112 017004529 714476475GlennsBridgeRd collector 2188 112 017004529 715476477GlennsBridgeRd collector 3046 112 017004530 716476497EstesLn collector 6302 112 017004530 717477478GlennsBridgeRd collector 4243 112 017004530 718478479GlennsBridgeRd collector 5266 112 017004522 719479480SRS 20 48 collector 594 112 017004522 720479496SRS 20 48 collector 5889 112 017004522 721480481SRS 20 48 collector 7489 112 017004522 722481482SRS 20 48 collector 3669 112 017004521 723482483ReservoirRd collector 3767 112 017004521 724483484ReservoirRd collector 1467 112 017004522 725484485ReservoirRd collector 3994 112 017004522 726485486ReservoirRd collector 1592 112 017004522 727486487ReservoirRd collector 1156 112 017004522 728487488ReservoirRd collector 2377 112 017004522 729488489ReservoirRd collector 4116 112 017004522 730488492SRS 20 54 collector 2471 112 017004522 731489490ReservoirRd collector 4647 112 017004522 732490491ReservoirRd collector 3466 112 017005522 733491495ReservoirRd collector 5783 112 017005522 734492493SRS 20 54 collector 6609 112 017006022 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 85KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 735493494SRS 20 54 collector 2782 112 017006015 73649446SRS 20 54 collector 1897 112 017006015 73749552ReservoirRd collector 2684 112 017005023 738496665SRS 20 221 collector 1575 112 017004530 739497669EstesLn collector 3526 112 017004530 740498499SRS 20 347 collector 2343 112 017004013 741498520PearsonRd collector 1127 112 017005013 742499519SRS 20 347 collector 871 112 017004013 743500501MeadowlakeRd collector 976 112 017004013 744500505SRS 20 347 collector 2401 112 017005513 745501502MeadowlakeRd collector 1180 112 017004013 746502503MeadowlakeRd collector 1894 112 017004013 747503504MeadowlakeRd collector 5246 112 017004013 74850493MeadowlakeRd collector 889 112 017004014 749505506SRS 20 347 collector 1839 112 017005513 750506507SRS 20 347 collector 1990 112 017005513 751507508SRS 20 347 collector 4956 112 017005513 75250896SRS 20 347 collector 761 112 017005514 753509498PearsonRd collector 1357 112 017004013 754510509PearsonRd collector 1773 112 017004013 755511516SRS 20 257 collector 844 112 017004013 756512511SRS 20 257 collector 2240 112 017004013 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 86KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 757513512SRS 20 257 collector 1176 112 017004013 758514513SRS 20 257 collector 2000 112 017004020 759515514UnnamedRoad collector 2541 112 017004020 760516517SRS 20 257 collector 1103 112 017004013 761517518SRS 20 257 collector 1725 112 017004013 762518510SRS 20 257 collector 2086 112 017004013 763519500SRS 20 347 collector 1022 112 017004013 764520521PearsonRd collector 1284 112 017005013 765521522PearsonRd collector 1427 112 017005513 766522523PearsonRd collector 899 112 017005013 767523524PearsonRd collector 3696 112 017005013 768524525PearsonRd collector 1526 112 017005013 769525526PearsonRd collector 1387 112 017005013 770526527PearsonRd collector 1947 112 017005013 771527528PearsonRd collector 2435 112 0170050 6 772528151PearsonRd collector 654 112 0170050 6 773529527StrotherRd collector 534 112 017005513 774530529StrotherRd collector 822 112 017005513 775531530StrotherRd collector 1900 112 017005513 776532534SRS 35 9734 collector 2373 112 017005019 777532539SRS 36 272 collector 4512 112 017005019 778533532SRS 35 9734 collector 2207 112 017005019 779534535SRS 35 9734 collector 2730 112 017005019 780535536NewHopeRd collector 1811 112 017005019 781536537SRS 35 9734 collector 3565 112 017005019 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 87KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 782537308SRS 35 9734 collector 1782 112 017005019 783538536HugheyFerryRd collector 6117 112 017005019 784539540SRS 36 272 collector 5193 112 017005019 785540541SRS 36 272 collector 1966 112 017005019 786541542SRS 36 272 collector 1665 112 017005019 787542543SRS 36 272 collector 1671 112 017005012 788543544SRS 36 272 collector 4143 112 017005012 789544545SRS 36 272 collector 4109 112 017005012 790545162Rt34 collector 2892 112 017006011 791546547KincaidBridgeRd collector 7649 112 117006015 792547548KincaidBridgeRd collector 1616 112 117005016 793548549KincaidBridgeRd collector 3003 112 117004016 794549446KincaidBridgeRd collector 2290 112 117504516 79555053PumphouseRd collector 1781 112 017004516 796550551PumphouseRd collector 725 112 017004516 797551552PumphouseRd collector 2554 112 017004516 798552553PumphouseRd collector 1606 112 017004516 799553554PumphouseRd collector 1381 112 017004516 800554447PumphouseRd collector 2750 112 017004516 801555469SRS 20 38 collector 2649 112 0170045 9 802556555SRS 20 38 collector 2300 112 0170045 8 803557558SRS 20 38 collector 1922 112 0170045 8 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 88KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 804558559SRS 20 38 collector 2004 112 0170045 8 805559560SRS 20 38 collector 2352 112 0170045 8 806560561SRS 20 38 collector 1784 112 0170045 8 807561556SRS 20 38 collector 1376 112 0170045 8 808562563OldDouglassRd collector 3240 112 0170060 7 809562584SRS 20 402 collector 826 112 0170060 7 810563564OldDouglassRd collector 1574 112 0170060 7 811564565OldDouglassRd collector 1318 112 0170060 7 812565566OldDouglassRd collector 1449 112 0170060 7 813566567OldDouglassRd collector 1266 112 0170060 7 814567568OldDouglassRd collector 1998 112 0170060 7 815568569OldDouglassRd collector 1977 112 0170060 7 816569570OldDouglassRd collector 2989 112 0170060 8 817570571OldDouglassRd collector 2499 112 0170060 8 818571572OldDouglassRd collector 1113 112 0170060 8 819572573OldDouglassRd collector 3378 112 0170060 8 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 89KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 820573574OldDouglassRd collector 4286 112 0170060 8 821574128OldDouglassRd collector 2053 112 0170060 8 822575562OldDouglassRd collector 4624 112 0170060 7 823576575OldDouglassRd collector 5958 112 0170060 3 824577576OldDouglassRd collector 982 112 0170060 3 825578577OldDouglassRd collector 1023 112 0170060 3 826579578OldDouglassRd collector 847 112 0170060 3 827580579OldDouglassRd collector 1048 112 0170060 3 828581580OldDouglassRd collector 1743 112 0170060 3 829582581OldDouglassRd collector 1104 112 0170060 3 830583582OldDouglassRd collector 2567 112 0170060 3 831584585SRS 20 402 collector 910 112 0170060 7 832585586SRS 20 402 collector 2677 112 0170060 7 833586587SRS 20 402 collector 1988 112 0170060 7 834587588SRS 20 402 collector 807 112 0170060 7 835588589SRS 20 402 collector 1295 112 0170060 7 836589590SRS 20 402 collector 1548 112 0170060 7 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 90KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 837590591SRS 20 402 collector 911 112 0170060 7 838591592SRS 20 402 collector 1964 112 0170060 7 839592593SRS 20 402 collector 1136 112 0170060 7 840593594SRS 20 402 collector 2812 112 0170060 6 841594102AshfordFerryRd collector 775 112 0170040 6 842595594AshfordFerryRd collector 4831 112 0170060 6 843596595AshfordFerryRd collector 3277 112 0170060 7 844597596AshfordFerryRd collector 4684 112 0170060 3 845598597AshfordFerryRd collector 7322 112 0170060 3 846599204SRS 40 698 collector 1683 112 017004034 847600599SRS 40 698 collector 1113 112 017004034 848601600SRS 40 698 collector 2549 112 017004034 849602601BurdellFullerRd collector 3387 112 017004029 850603207SRS 40 592 collector 2656 112 017004035 851604603SRS 40 592 collector 2151 112 017004035 852605210US176 collector 2520 112 017004535 853605211US176 collector 1706 112 017004535 854606605SRS 40 234 collector 3134 112 017004035 855607606SRS 40 234 collector 2644 112 017004035 856608607SRS 40 234 collector 2753 112 017004035 857609608SRS 40 234 collector 2574 112 017004035 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 91KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 858610609SRS 40 234 collector 3445 112 017004035 859610611SRS 40 234 collector 2391 112 017004035 860611620Rt80 collector 1953 112 017004035 861612217US176 collector 1810 112 017005543 862612218US176 collector 1543 112 017505046 863613612Rt80 collector 1168 112 017504046 864614613Rt80 collector 1843 112 017004046 865615614Rt80 collector 4635 112 017004046 866616615Rt80 collector 1319 112 017504036 867617616Rt80 collector 2804 112 017004036 868618617Rt80 collector 4419 112 017004036 869619618Rt80 collector 2945 112 017004036 870619637KennerlyRd collector 1419 112 017004036 871620621Rt80 collector 3417 112 017004035 872621622Rt80 collector 3639 112 017004035 873622623Rt80 collector 1663 112 017004035 874623624Rt80 collector 1026 112 017004036 875624625Rt80 collector 1288 112 017004036 876625626SRS 40 612 collector 3712 112 017004035 877625628Rt80 collector 1570 112 017004036 878626627SRS 40 612 collector 2904 112 017004035 879627213SRS 40 612 collector 2534 112 017504035 880628629Rt80 collector 1446 112 017004036 881629615Rt80 collector 934 112 017504036 882630392US76 collector 4617 112 117005546 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 92KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 883630936US76 collector 2607 112 417005046 884631630KoonRd collector 3621 112 017504046 885632631CooglerRd collector 3569 112 017004046 886633632CooglerRd collector 2296 112 017004047 887634633KennerlyRd collector 3654 112 017004047 888635634KennerlyRd collector 2148 112 017004047 889636635KennerlyRd collector 839 112 017004047 890637619KennerlyRd collector 1418 112 017504036 891637636KennerlyRd collector 3451 112 017004036 892638633KennerlyRd collector 1732 112 017004047 89363968WPeachRd collector 1566 112 017004531 894640639WPeachRd collector 2611 112 017004523 895641640WPeachRd collector 1865 112 017004523 896642641WPeachRd collector 4074 112 017004523 897642653GreenbrierMossydaleRd collector 1458 112 017004523 898643642GreenbrierMossydaleRd collector 1539 112 017004523 899644643Greenbrier MossydaleRd collector 4046 112 017004523 900645644Greenbrier MossydaleRd collector 4176 112 017004531 901646645Greenbrier MossydaleRd collector 4800 112 017004531 902646649Greenbrier MossydaleRd collector 1150 112 017004531 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 93KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 90364779GreenbrierMossydaleRd collector 2151 112 017004530 904648647Greenbrier MossydaleRd collector 1563 112 017004530 905649648GreenbrierMossydaleRd collector 4141 112 017004531 906650646PerryLn collector 3312 112 017004531 907651650PerryLn collector 4780 112 017004531 90865275Rt269 collector 1813 112 017005523 90965276Rt269 collector 3933 112 017005523 910653652GreenbrierMossydaleRd collector 5230 112 017004523 911654652SRS 20 62 collector 4687 112 017004523 91265584Rt269 collector 1262 112 017006037 91365585Rt269 collector 2809 112 017006037 914656655SRS 40 59 collector 2873 112 017004537 915657656SRS 40 59 collector 1365 112 017004037 916658657SRS 40 59 collector 2874 112 017004037 917659658SRS 40 59 collector 1869 112 017004537 918659660SRS 40 406 collector 3889 112 017004537 919660661SRS 40 406 collector 2490 112 017004531 920661662SRS 40 406 collector 2705 112 017004531 921662663SRS 40 406 collector 1865 112 017004531 92266371SRS 40 406 collector 2559 112 017004531 92366471US321 collector 5614 112 017006031 924665666SRS 20 221 collector 1368 112 017004530 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 94KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 925666667SRS 20 221 collector 2875 112 017004530 926667668SRS 20 221 collector 2182 112 017004530 92766878SRS 20 54 collector 4416 112 015004530 928669670EstesLn collector 6857 112 017004530 929670671EstesLn collector 3331 112 017004530 93067180SRS 270 collector 1861 112 017004530 931672673AmicksFerryRd collector 2567 112 015753541 932673674AmicksFerryRd collector 3232 112 015753541 933674675AmicksFerryRd collector 1129 112 015753541 934675676AmicksFerryRd collector 1689 112 017004541 935676685AmicksFerryRd collector 3294 112 117004540 936677678AmicksFerryRd collector 4292 112 117004540 937678679AmicksFerryRd collector 3875 112 117005540 938679680AmicksFerryRd collector 6362 112 117005034 939679754LesterFrickRd collector 2669 112 017005540 940680681AmicksFerryRd collector 1597 112 017005034 941681682AmicksFerryRd collector 1811 112 015753534 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 95KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 942682683AmicksFerryRd collector 2014 112 015753534 943683684AmicksFerryRd collector 1097 112 017503534 944684233US76 collector 1377 112 017504534 945684234US76 collector 1375 112 017004034 946684931ColumbiaAve localroadway280 112 14501034 947685677AmicksFerryRd collector 1196 112 117004540 948686227US76 collector 3054 112 117006041 949686228US76 collector 2477 112 117006041 950687686WessingerRd collector 1204 112 017504041 951688687WessingerRd collector 2705 112 017004041 952689688WessingerRd collector 1055 112 017004041 953690689WessingerRd collector 3168 112 017004041 954691690WessingerRd collector 1766 112 017004041 955691706OldLexingtonHwy collector 1728 112 017004541 956692691OldLexingtonHwy collector 5334 112 017004541 957693692OldLexingtonHwy collector 3586 112 017005041 958694691WessingerRd collector 3727 112 017004041 959695694WessingerRd collector 2497 112 017004041 960696695WessingerRd collector 3057 112 017004041 961697696WessingerRd collector 2320 112 017004041 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 96KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 962698233LexingtonAve collector 2045 112 017503534 963699698OldLexingtonHwy collector 1973 112 017004034 964700231MurrayLindlerRd collector 3131 112 017004034 965700699OldLexingtonHwy collector 1824 112 017004034 966700701OldLexingtonHwy collector 1456 112 017004534 967701700OldLexingtonHwy collector 1456 112 017004534 968701702OldLexingtonHwy collector 3846 112 017004541 969702230PrimroseLn collector 4732 112 017504034 970702701OldLexingtonHwy collector 3846 112 017004541 971702703OldLexingtonHwy collector 2669 112 017004541 972703702OldLexingtonHwy collector 2669 112 017004541 973703704OldLexingtonHwy collector 1637 112 017004541 974704703OldLexingtonHwy collector 1637 112 017004541 975704705OldLexingtonHwy collector 2422 112 017004541 976705704OldLexingtonHwy collector 2421 112 017004541 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 97KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 977705706OldLexingtonHwy collector 2887 112 017004541 978706691OldLexingtonHwy collector 1728 112 017004541 979706705OldLexingtonHwy collector 2888 112 017004541 980707700MurrayLindlerRd collector 2555 112 017004034 981708707MurrayLindlerRd collector 2359 112 017004041 982709222MarinaRd collector 4303 112 017504043 983710225SRS 40 1333 collector 3196 112 017504042 984710717JohnsonMarinaRd collector 2543 112 017004042 985711710SRS 40 1333 collector 2525 112 017004042 986712711SRS 40 1333 collector 2297 112 017004042 987713710JohnsonMarinaRd collector 3096 112 017004042 988713817ForrestShealyRd collector 1342 112 017004042 989714713JohnsonMarinaRd collector 619 112 017004042 990715714JohnsonMarinaRd collector 3146 112 017004042 991716715JohnsonMarinaRd collector 3262 112 017004042 992717224US76 collector 822 112 217004542 993717854US76 collector 5542 112 217004543 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 98KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 994718719Rt391 collector 3418 112 017005532 995719720Rt391 collector 2543 112 017005532 996721722MacedoniaChurchRd collector 5062 112 217005040 997722723MacedoniaChurchRd collector 3505 112 217006039 998723724MacedoniaChurchRd collector 3506 112 217006039 999724728MacedoniaChurchRd collector 1633 112 217006039 1000724788SRS 36 20 collector 2469 112 017005039 1001725722SRS 32 231 collector 2994 110 017004540 1002725726SRS 32 231 collector 6831 110 017005040 1003726725SRS 32 231 collector 6831 110 017005040 1004726929SRS 32 231 collector 1860 112 117005040 1005727750SRS 32 231 collector 2022 112 117005040 1006728729SeibertRd collector 1798 112 017005039 1007728736MacedoniaChurchRd collector 1747 112 217006039 1008729730SeibertRd collector 1813 112 017005039 1009730731SeibertRd collector 3001 112 017005039 1010731732SeibertRd collector 3083 112 017005039 1011732733SeibertRd collector 4993 112 017005039 1012733734SRS 36 71 collector 2177 112 017005039 1013734735SRS 36 71 collector 3339 112 017005039 1014735719SRS 36 71 collector 2635 112 017005032 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK 99KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 1015736737MacedoniaChurchRd collector 3772 112 217006032 1016737738MacedoniaChurchRd collector 2344 112 217006032 1017738739MacedoniaChurchRd collector 5176 112 217006032 1018739740MacedoniaChurchRd collector 1352 112 217005532 1019740741MacedoniaChurchRd collector 5611 112 217004032 1020741742MacedoniaChurchRd collector 2436 112 217004032 1021741744SRS 36 41 collector 4814 112 017004532 1022742743MacedoniaChurchRd collector 5325 112 217004032 1023743254SMainSt localroadway5783 112 217501532 1024744745SRS 36 41 collector 1319 112 017004532 1025745746SRS 36 41 collector 2503 112 017004532 1026746260SRS 36 41 collector 1401 112 017004032 1027747725StateParkRd collector 6042 112 017004040 1028748747StateParkRd collector 4457 112 017004040 1029749758SRS 36 72 collector 2769 112 017005033 1030749763SRS 36 20 collector 3689 112 017005033 1031750751SRS 32 231 collector 1506 112 117004540 1032751752StPetersChurchRd collector 2349 112 017005540 1033751755SRS 36 72 collector 3015 112 017005040 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK100KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 1034752751StPetersChurchRd collector 2348 112 017005540 1035752753StPetersChurchRd collector 2409 112 017005540 1036753752StPetersChurchRd collector 2409 112 017005540 1037753754LesterFrickRd collector 2776 112 017005540 1038754679LesterFrickRd collector 2669 112 017005540 1039754753LesterFrickRd collector 2776 112 017005540 1040755756SRS 36 72 collector 1897 112 017005033 1041755776WestwoodsDr collector 1759 112 017005033 1042756757SRS 36 72 collector 2599 112 017005033 1043757749SRS 36 72 collector 1796 112 017005033 1044758759SRS 36 72 collector 1831 112 017005033 1045759760SRS 36 72 collector 3726 112 017005032 1046760739SRS 36 72 collector 8072 112 017005032 1047760768SRS 36 211 collector 5238 112 017005032 1048761726RBBakerDr collector 2011 112 017004040 1049762761RBBakerDr collector 4655 112 017004040 1050763764SRS 36 20 collector 1998 112 017005033 1051764765SRS 36 20 collector 1628 112 017005033 1052765766SRS 36 20 collector 3127 112 017005033 1053766767SRS 36 20 collector 5161 112 017005033 1054767239US76 collector 2908 112 117004033 1055767240US76 collector 1217 112 117005533 1056768769SRS 36 211 collector 1481 112 017005033 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK101KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 1057769770SRS 36 211 collector 928 112 017005033 1058770771SRS 36 211 collector 1376 112 017005033 1059771772SRS 36 211 collector 3591 112 017005032 1060772773SRS 36 211 collector 1869 112 017005032 1061773774SRS 36 211 collector 569 112 017005032 1062774775SRS 36 211 collector 2868 112 017005032 1063775241US76 collector 978 112 117005533 1064775242US76 collector 2803 112 117005532 1065776777WestwoodsDr collector 929 112 017005033 1066777778WestwoodsDr collector 5717 112 017005033 1067777933MillersBranchRd collector 1656 112 017004533 1068778779WestwoodsDr collector 1060 112 017005033 1069779780WestwoodsDr collector 5206 112 017005033 1070780781WestwoodsDr collector 4184 112 017505034 1071781234StPetersChurchRd collector 1354 112 017005034 1072782783SRS 32 231 collector 4640 112 017004533 1073783784SRS 32 231 collector 3327 112 017004533 1074784785SRS 32 231 collector 907 112 015753533 1075785786SRS 32 231 collector 554 112 015753533 1076786787MountainSt collector 3740 112 015753533 1077787932MountainSt collector 1290 112 015753533 1078788789SRS 36 20 collector 1796 112 017005040 1079789792SRS 36 20 collector 1021 112 017005040 1080790791SRS 36 20 collector 2989 112 017005040 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK102KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 1081791749SRS 36 20 collector 5326 112 017005033 1082792790SRS 36 20 collector 2406 112 017005040 1083793794PettusLn collector 2211 112 017004517 1084794795LanewoodRd collector 5015 112 017004517 1085794796PettusLn collector 1309 112 017004517 1086795354LanewoodRd collector 2903 112 017004517 1087796797MtBethelGarmanyRd collector 3488 112 017004510 1088797397MtBethelGarmanyRd collector 8409 112 017004510 108979893ClarkBridgeRd collector 2319 112 017004014 1090799798ClarkBridgeRd collector 4277 112 017004014 1091800798BrooksDr collector 2355 112 017004014 1092801800BrooksDr collector 3449 112 017004014 1093802801BrooksDr collector 2483 112 017004014 1094803482SRS 20 48 collector 4662 112 017005021 1095804546KincaidBridgeRd collector 5316 112 117005515 109680569US321 collector 5404 112 017006031 109780570US321 collector 4683 112 017006031 1098806807US76 minorarterial 932 212 019004525 1099806879US76 minorarterial 768 212 019004525 1100807806US76 minorarterial 932 212 017504525 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK103KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 1101807808US76 minorarterial 2916 212 017504517 1102808807US76 minorarterial 2916 212 019004517 1103808809US76 minorarterial 954 212 017504517 1104809808US76 minorarterial 954 212 017504517 1105809810US76 minorarterial 986 212 017504017 1106809811Rt219 minorarterial 1564 212 019004017 1107810809US76 minorarterial 986 212 017504517 1108810811Rt34 collector 1540 112 417004017 1109810813US76 minorarterial 5107 212 017504017 1110811812Rt34 minorarterial 2054 212 019004017 1111812814Rt34 minorarterial 2107 212 019004017 1112813810US76 minorarterial 5107 212 017504017 1113813848US76 minorarterial 1631 212 017504517 1114815686SRS 40 405 collector 2304 112 017504041 1115816815SRS 40 405 collector 5765 112 017004034 1116817818SRS 40 1403 collector 1708 112 017004042 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK104KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 1117818226SRS 40 1403 collector 2188 112 017504042 1118819226SRS 40 1403 collector 2087 112 017504042 1119820819SRS 40 1403 collector 1239 112 017004035 1120821222US76 minorarterial 2188 212 217504043 1121821223US76 minorarterial 1708 212 219004543 1122822823I 26on rampfromUS76 freewayramp 1521 112 417004549 1123822868US76 minorarterial 261 212 119005549 1124822935US76 minorarterial 248 212 119005549 1125823824I 26 freeway 1321 3121222507049 1126823869I 26 freeway 598 3121222507549 1127824823I 26 freeway 1321 3121222507049 1128825388I 26on rampfromUS76 freewayramp 1404 112 417004549 1129825870US76 minorarterial 453 212 119005549 1130825919US76 minorarterial 919 212 117505549 1131826827US76 collector 1716 112 117004549 1132826919US76 collector 818 112 117505549 1133827826US76 collector 1714 112 117004549 1134828457WMoultrieSt minorarterial 3036 212 017504016 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK105KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 1135828829WWashingtonStlocalroadway1071 112 411252516 1136829458WLibertySt localroadway2355 112 417502516 1137829830WWashingtonStlocalroadway1509 112 411252516 1138830459WWashingtonStlocalroadway1007 112 417502516 1139830831NGardenSt localroadway978 112 411252516 1140831460WCollegeSt localroadway980 112 417502516 1141832833SLakeAccessRd minorarterial 1597 212 019004020 1142833834SLakeAccessRd minorarterial 975 212 019004020 1143834835SLakeAccessRd minorarterial 1025 212 019004020 1144835836SLakeAccessRd minorarterial 750 212 019004028 1145836837SLakeAccessRd minorarterial 621 212 019004028 1146837838SLakeAccessRd minorarterial 2071 212 019004028 1147838839SLakeAccessRd minorarterial 1913 212 019004028 1148839840SLakeAccessRd minorarterial 1201 212 019004028 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK106KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 1149840841SLakeAccessRd minorarterial 1929 212 019004028 1150841471SLakeAccessRd minorarterial 1549 212 019004028 1151842331BulldogDr localroadway448 112 017501517 1152843809Rt219 minorarterial 818 212 017504517 1153844843HeritageDr localroadway483 112 017502017 1154845843HeritageDr localroadway377 112 017502017 1155846813KinardSt collector 633 112 017504017 1156847813KinardSt collector 602 112 017504017 1157848813US76 minorarterial 1631 212 017504017 1158849848EvansSt collector 509 112 017504017 1159850214SchoolEntrance localroadway339 112 017501543 1160852218US76 collector 1811 112 117505043 1161852219US76 collector 1651 112 117004543 1162854223US76 minorarterial 602 212 219004543 1163854717US76 collector 5542 112 217004543 1164855232US76 collector 860 112 017004534 1165855233US76 collector 350 112 017504534 1166855267PeakSt collector 739 112 017004034 1167857234US76 collector 950 112 017004034 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK107KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 1168857235US76 collector 4738 112 017005534 1169858242US76 collector 5070 112 117005532 1170858243US76 collector 2131 112 117505526 1171859858SchoolEntrance localroadway455 112 017501532 1172860246US76 collector 1254 112 017004032 1173860861US76 collector 3196 112 015753526 1174861245US76 collector 5181 112 017005026 1175861860US76 collector 3196 112 015753526 1176864378I 26 freeway 2636 2121222507535 1177864379I 26 freeway 302 2121222507543 1178864874I 26off ramptoUS176 freewayramp 1069 112 817004543 1179865215US176 collector 161 112 017004543 1180865216US176 collector 4520 112 017005543 1181866385I 26 freeway 358 2121222507543 1182866386I 26 freeway 8987 2121222507543 1183866873I 26off ramptoUS176 freewayramp 981 112 817004543 1184867868I 26off ramptoUS76 freewayramp 519 112 413503049 1185868822US76 minorarterial 261 212 117505549 1186868870US76 minorarterial 628 212 119005549 1187869823I 26 freeway 598 3121222507049 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK108KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 1188869867I 26off ramptoUS76 freewayramp 624 112 413503049 1189869871I 26 freeway 644 3121222507549 1190870825US76 minorarterial 448 212 119005549 1191870868US76 minorarterial 627 212 119005549 1192871388I 26 freeway 389 2121222507549 1193871869I 26 freeway 643 3121222507549 1194871872I 26off ramptoUS76 freewayramp 477 112 413503049 1195872870I 26off ramptoUS76 freewayramp 407 112 413503049 1196873382I 26off ramptoUS176 freewayramp 1214 112 817004535 1197874865I 26off ramptoUS176 freewayramp 897 112 817004543 1198875877I 26off ramptoRt202 freewayramp 562 112 613503027 1199876283Rt202 collector 2418 112 017004027 1200876298Rt202 collector 275 112 017004027 1201877282Rt202 collector 235 112 017004027 1202877298Rt202 collector 740 112 017004027 1203879350US76 minorarterial 2732 212 019005025 1204879806US76 minorarterial 768 212 017504525 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK109KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 1205880806WaterCousinsRd minorarterial 489 212 017503025 1206881808JohnstoneSt collector 636 112 017504017 1207882808JohnstoneSt localroadway572 112 017503017 1208883191PeakRd collector 2600 112 017004028 1209884533SRS 35 9734 collector 1787 112 017005019 1210885538HugheyFerryRd collector 1623 112 017005019 1211886515UnnamedRoad collector 2570 112 017004020 1212887424OldBlairRd collector 2166 111 017004012 1213888441SRS 36 55 collector 2308 112 017004011 1214889793PettusLn collector 1410 112 017004510 1215890531StrotherRd collector 1444 112 017005513 1216891799ClarkBridgeRd collector 1765 112 017004014 1217892802BrooksDr collector 1655 112 017004021 1218893598AshfordFerryRd collector 2034 112 0170060 3 1219894583OldDouglassRd collector 1582 112 0170060 3 122089513SLakeAccessRd collector 959 112 019004020 1221896654SRS 20 62 collector 1604 112 017004023 1222897550SandyLnExd collector 1209 112 017004016 1223899479ScottsCrossingRd collector 1397 112 017004022 1224900651PerryLn collector 1008 112 017004031 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK110KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 1225901659ShantarRd collector 1097 112 417004031 1226902716JohnsonMarinaRd collector 1080 112 017004044 1227903712SRS 40 1333 collector 1274 112 017004042 1228904709MarinaRd collector 1540 112 017004043 1229905638KennerlyRd collector 1788 112 017004047 1230906604SRS 40 592 collector 1003 112 417004035 1231907610FulmerBottomRd collector 1704 112 017004035 1232908820SRS 40 1403 collector 1812 112 017004035 1233909816SRS 40 405 collector 1369 112 017004035 1234910708MurrayLindlerRd collector 2031 112 017004041 1235911672AmicksFerryRd collector 1977 112 017003541 1236912697WessingerRd collector 2286 112 017004041 1237913693OldLexingtonHwy collector 1977 112 017005041 1238914721MacedoniaChurchRd collector 1716 112 217004040 1239915748StateParkRd collector 1095 112 017004040 1240916762RBBakerDr collector 1606 112 017004040 1241918619SRS 40 217 collector 1065 112 017504036 1242919825US76 minorarterial 919 212 119005549 1243919826US76 collector 818 112 117005549 1244920919WesternLn collector 517 112 017504549 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK111KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 1245921810Rt34 collector 1175 112 017504017 1246922921MtBethelGarmanyRd collector 235 112 017504517 1247923921HeritageDr collector 336 112 017504517 1248924103Rt215 collector 5210 112 0170060 6 1249925448SRS 20 248 localroadway444 112 017502516 12509264489thSt collector 548 112 017504516 1251927254Rt391 localroadway1353 112 017501532 1252927928Rt391 collector 1408 116 015753532 1253928248Rt391 localroadway1178 116 09002025 1254928927Rt391 localroadway1408 116 06751532 1255929727SRS 32 231 collector 3086 112 117005040 1256930270SRS 40 39 collector 2643 112 117005534 1257930271ColumbiaAve collector 2576 112 117004034 1258931267ColumbiaAve collector 1752 112 117004534 1259931684ColumbiaAve localroadway280 112 14501034 1260932238US76 collector 2203 112 117005033 1261932239US76 collector 331 112 017004033 1262933782SRS 32 231 collector 2543 112 017004533 1263934806Rt34 collector 588 112 017504525 1264935394US76 minorarterial 1229 212 117005548 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK112KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber 1265935822US76 minorarterial 248 212 117505549 1266936218US76 minorarterial 738 212 117505046 1267936630US76 collector 2607 112 117505046 1268937781StPetersChurchRd collector 635 112 017505034 12698363363I 26 freeway 1342 2121222507517 12708401401US121 collector 3249 112 0170060 4 12718470470US321 collector 1969 112 0170060 9 12728664664US321 collector 3261 112 017006037 12738813848US76 minorarterial 1251 212 017504517 12748824824I 26 freeway 1160 3121222507049 12758827827US76 collector 710 112 117004549(exitlink)3638363I 26 freeway 1342 2121217004017(exit link)8248824I 26 freeway 1160 3121222507049(exit link)3958395NWoodrowSt localroadway1821 112 017004048(exitlink)1418141Route200 minorarterial 1518 112 017004016(exit link)328032Rt215 collector 2711 112 017004037(exit link)1118111Rt215 collector 1385 112 0170060 2 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK113KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5Link#UpStreamNodeDownStreamNodeRoadwayName RoadwayTypeLength(ft.)No.ofLanesLaneWidth (ft.)Shoulder Width(ft.)Saturation FlowRate FreeFlowSpeed(mph)GridNumber(exitlink)618061Rt34 collector 2525 112 117003024(exit link)8148814Rt34 collector 1311 112 017005525(exitlink)7208720Rt391 collector 2561 112 017004539(exit link)3918391Rt6 collector 1147 112 017004045(exit link)4268426SRS 36 45 localroadway1418 112 0170030 5(exitlink)4238423TygerRiverRd localroadway3508 112 0170045 1(exit link)4018401US121 collector 3249 112 0170040 4(exit link)4708470US321 collector 1969 112 0170040 9(exit link)6648664US321 collector 3259 112 017004037(exit link)8278827US76 collector 710 112 119005549(exit link)8488813US76 minorarterial 1251 212 019005517 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK114KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableK 2.NodesintheLink NodeAnalysisNetworkwhichareControlledNodeXCoordinate(ft)YCoordinate (ft)ControlTypeGridNumber41911496894991 Stop 2181912834885637 Pretimed 29171922710880371 Pretimed 29271959516856040 Stop 37461946653917919 Stop 15521962746913783 Stop 23531963597914208 Stop 23571973568914560 Pretimed 16641975260907486 Pretimed 23681977480889467 Stop 31711979868867804 Stop 31781955055887075 Stop 30791954401883306 Stop 30801953102879588 Stop 30931910970921436 Stop 14961911338934631 Stop 141021909272951483 Stop 61281947729940827 Stop 81381969216931057 Pretimed 161401972852931198 Stop 161511893081939309 Stop 61591874758928482 Pretimed 121651851635915925 Stop 111671845917913655 Pretimed 181691907956884375 Pretimed 281721898174878380 Pretimed 281751887923876512 Pretimed 281901891330887858 Stop 282011893727865604 Pretimed 342031903507865161 Stop 342041906009864608 Stop 342071909899856956 Stop 352091913640851564 Stop 352131925727843456 Pretimed 352141927729842036 Pretimed 432181935205833250 Pretimed 46 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK115KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NodeXCoordinate(ft)YCoordinate (ft)ControlTypeGridNumber2211929300833820 Pretimed 432221928264833535 Pretimed 432251916773840828 Pretimed 422261914215840037 Pretimed 422301900395842456 Pretimed 342311896717845605 Stop 342331894029848768 Pretimed 342341891345849384 Stop 342391875232859771 Stop 332431854069866898 Pretimed 262481837043867416 Stop 252541839168864158 Pretimed 322601839068854571 Stop 322671894506849346 Stop 342721902600853098 Pretimed 342731902065852662 Pretimed 343021861003875622 Stop 263031860450875186 Stop 263081868304891041 Stop 193221835238895469 Stop 173231834676895072 Stop 173311824807891723 Pretimed 173501823747884118 Stop 253541835799906986 Stop 173581826624902132 Stop 173591826137901705 Stop 173821927396842532 Stop 353931942238827663 Pretimed 483971840210922799 Stop 113991828255933751 Stop 104001825745936206 Stop 104041869018933975 Stop 124201851300955539 Yield 54461969584923355 Pretimed 164471969639922538 Stop 164481970546918993 Pretimed 164571974218925375 Pretimed 164581974034926067 Pretimed 16 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK116KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NodeXCoordinate(ft)YCoordinate (ft)ControlTypeGridNumber4591973850926725 Pretimed 164601973598927665 Pretimed 164631969317935131 Yield 164691962095947214 Stop 94791940013892676 Stop 224821931941900827 Stop 215001903122926920 Yield 135271894645936764 Stop 135361868872895862 Stop 195451862986922093 Stop 125501964975915338 Stop 165841924062955240 Yield 75941909281952258 Stop 66011911161865403 Stop 356051918180848835 Stop 356101928355857925 Stop 356121934327834519 Pretimed 466151934959841889 Pretimed 466191945994844321 Pretimed 366301938052831492 Pretimed 466311940848833793 Stop 466331946188835599 Stop 476421968923894388 Yield 236461962281881967 Stop 316521965497900096 Stop 236551959414863337 Stop 376591967367865431 Stop 376681952124890379 Stop 306791886283838746 Stop 416841892686849075 Pretimed 346861907342838209 Pretimed 416911903740829368 Stop 417001894831843105 Stop 347101918583838193 Stop 427171920631839702 Stop 427191839724844591 Stop 327221863353831314 Stop 407251865777832965 Stop 40 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationK117KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NodeXCoordinate(ft)YCoordinate (ft)ControlTypeGridNumber7261872125835489 Stop 407331844027837778 Stop 397391853671849858 Stop 327491869063845416 Stop 337511876870841585 Stop 407671872413859055 Stop 337741861054858669 Stop 327751862229861286 Stop 337811890101848848 Pretimed 347961831959914399 Stop 177981913276921193 Stop 148061822011887157 Pretimed 258081820403890653 Pretimed 178091819990891514 Pretimed 178101819404892307 Pretimed 178111818491891066 Stop 178131816406896442 Pretimed 178221946539824365 Pretimed 498431820805891629 Pretimed 178481815511897807 Pretimed 178551894349848623 Stop 348581855883865773 Pretimed 328651928364840412 Stop 438681946797824324 Stop 498701947425824291 Stop 498761875629867952 Stop 278771875868868936 Stop 279191948780824120 Pretimed 499211819933893357 Pretimed 179321875529859918 Stop 339331875094846501 Stop 339351946313824468 Stop 49 APPENDIXLProtectiveActionZoneBoundaries EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationL 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5 PROTECTIVEACTIONZONEBOUNDARIESL.PAZA 0County:FairfieldDefinedastheareawithinthefollowingboundaries:BoundedonthenorthbyalinefromFriendshipChurchonColeTrofelRoadeastacrossMonticelloReservoirtothenorthernjunctionofS 213andS 215.BoundedontheeastbybothsidesofS 215fromthejunctionofS 213andS 215toParrRoad.BoundedonthesouthbybothsidesofParrRoad.BoundedonthewestbyBroadRiver,fromtheBr oadRiveralongthesouthsideofthedirtextensionofColeTrofelRoadandalongtheeastsideofColeTrofelRoadtoFriendshipChurch.PAZA 1County:FairfieldDefinedastheareawithinthefollowingboundaries:BoundedonthenorthbyDawkinsRoadfromtheBroadRivertoMeadowLakeRoad.BoundedontheeastbyS 215tothesouthendofthetownofMonticello.BoundedonthesouthbyalinefromsouthofthetownofMonticelloonS 215toFriendshipChurchalongthedirtextensionofColeTrofelRoadtotheBroadRiver.BoundedonthewestbytheBroadRiver.PAZA 2County:FairfieldDefinedastheareawithinthefollowingboundaries:BoundedonthenorthbyBuckheadRoad.BoundedontheeastbyPossumBranchRoadtoS 34easttothejunctionofS 34andClarkBridgeRoad.BoundedonthesouthbybothsidesofDawkinsRoad,MeadowLakeRoad,andClarkBridgeRoad.BoundedonthewestbytheBroadRiver.PAZB 1County:Fai rfieldDefinedastheareawithinthefollowingboundaries:BoundedonthenorthbybothsidesofClarkBridgeRoad.BoundedontheeastbytheLittleRiver.BoundedonthesouthbybothsidesofS 213.BoundedonthewestbybothsidesofS 215.PAZB 2County:FairfieldDefinedastheareawithinthefollowingboundaries:BoundedonthenorthbybothsidesofClarkBridgeRoadandS 34.BoundedontheeastbybothsidesofJacksonCreekRoad.BoundedonthesouthbybothsidesofReservoirRoad,LandisRoad,andS 213.BoundedonthewestbytheLittleRiver.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationL 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5PAZC 1County:FairfieldDefinedastheareawithinthefollowingboundaries:BoundedonthenorthbybothsidesofS 212andLandisRoad.BoundedontheeastbybothsidesofKoonStoreRoad,Glenn'sBridgeRoad,S 215,andWallacevilleRoad.BoundedonthesouthbytheBroadRiver.BoundedonthewestbyParrRoadandbothsidesofS 213andS 215.PAZC 2County:FairfieldDefinedastheareawithinthefollowingboundaries:BoundedonthenorthbybothsidesofReservoirRoad,RionRoad,andKellerMillerRoadtoincludebothKellyMillerandGreenbriarSchools.BoundedontheeastbybothsidesofS 269andBookmansMillRoadthenalongtheFairfieldCountylinetotheBroadRiver.BoundedonthesouthbytheBroadRiver.BoundedonthewestbybothsidesofWallacevilleRoad,S 215,Glenn'sBridgeRoad,KoonStoreRoadandLandisRoad.PAZD 1County:RichlandDefinedastheareawithinthefollowingboundaries:BoundedonthenorthandeastbytheBroadRiver.BoundedonthesouthbybothsidesofKennerlyRoad,Mt.VernonChurchRoad,andI 26.BoundedonthewestbytheRichlandCountyline.PAZD 2County:LexingtonDefinedastheareawithinthefollowingboundaries:Boundedonthenorth,west,andeastbytheLexingtonCountyline.BoundedonthesouthbyUS 76(ChapinRoad),SidBickleyRd,OldLexingtonRoadincludingChapinElementarySchool,OldBushRiverRduntilitends,crossthewatertoBearCreekRd,AmicksFerryRd,LesterFrickRd,andSt.Peter'sChruchRdtotheLexington/NewberryCo untyline.PAZE 1County:NewberryDefinedastheareawithinthefollowingboundaries:BoundedonthenorthbyCannonsCreek.BoundedontheeastbytheBroadRiver.BoundedonthesouthbyPeak(bytheNewberryCountyline)andbothsidesofCapersChapelRoad.BoundedonthewestbybothsidesofUS176andtheTownofPomariaandNewHopeRoad.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationL 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5PAZE 2County:NewberryDefinedastheareawithinthefollowingboundaries:BoundedonthenorthbybothsidesofUS 176.BoundedontheeastbytheNewberryCountyline.BoundedonthesouthbybothsidesofNurseryRoad,US 76,theTownofLittleMountain,andUS 76includingMid CarolinaSchool.BoundedonthewestbybothsidesofOldJollyStreetRoadtoI 26easttoS 773no rthtoUS 176inPomaria.PAZF 1County:NewberryDefinedastheareawithinthefollowingboundaries:BoundedonthenorthandeastbytheBroadRiver.BoundedonthesouthbyCannonsCreek.BoundedonthewestbybothsidesofNewHopeRoad.PAZF 2County:NewberryDefinedastheareawithinthefollowingboundaries:BoundedonthenorthbybothsidesofMt.PleasantRoad,BroadRiverRoad,andS 34.BoundedontheeastbytheBroadRiver,bothsidesofNewHopeRoad,S 773,andUS 176.BoundedonthesouthbybothsidesofI 26.BoundedonthewestbybothsidesofBachmanChapelRoad,MudCreekRoad,LivingstonRoad,andRingerRoad.

APPENDIXMEvacuationSensitivityStudies EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationM 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5M. APPENDIXM:EVACUATIONSENSITIVITYSTUDIESThisappendixpresentstheresultsofaseriesofsensitivityanalyses.TheseanalysesaredesignedtoidentifychangesinEvacuationTimeEstimates(ETE)tochangesinsomebaseevacuationconditions.M.1 EffectofChangesinTripGenerationTimesAsensitivitystudywasperformedtodeterminewhet herchangesintheestimatedtripgenerationtimehaveaneffectontheETEfortheentireEPZ.Specifically,ifthetailofthemobilizationdistributionweretruncated(i.e.,ifthosewhorespondedmostslowlytotheAdvisorytoEvacuate,couldbepersuadedtorespondmuchmorerapidly),howwouldtheETEbeaffected?ThecaseconsideredwasScenario6,Region3;awinter,midweek,midday,goodweatherevacuationoftheentireEPZ.TableM 1presentstheresultsofthisstudy.TableM 1.EvacuationTimeEstimatesforTripGenerationSensitivityStudyTheresultsconfirmtheimportanceofaccuratelyestimatingthetripgeneration(mobilization)times.TheETEforthe100 thpercentilecloselymirrorthevaluesforthetimethelastevacuationtripisgenerated.Incontrast,the90 thpercentileETEisinsensitivetotruncatingthetailofthemobilizationtimedistribution.AsindicatedinSection7.3,thereisnocongestionwithintheEPZaftertheAdvisorytoEvacuate.Theresultsofthissensitivitystudyindicatethatprogramstoeducatethepublicandencouragethemtowardfasterresponsesforaradiologicalemergenc y,translatesintoshorterETEatthe100 thpercentile.Theresultsalsojustifytheguidancetoemploythe[stable]90 thpercentileETEwhenmakingprotectiveactionrecommendationsanddecisions.TripGenerationPeriodEvacuationTimeEstimateforEntireEPZ90 thPercentile100 thPercentile2Hours30Minutes2:102:403Hours30Minutes2:153:404Hours45Minutes(Base)2:254:55 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationM 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5M.2 EffectofChangesintheNumberofPeopleintheShadowRegionWhoRelocateAsensitivitystudywasconductedtodeterminetheeffectonETEofchangesinthepercentageofpeoplewhodecidetorelocatefromtheShadowRegion.ThecaseconsideredwasScenario6,Region3;awinter,midweek,midday,go odweatherevacuationfortheentireEPZ.ThemovementofpeopleintheShadowRegionhasthepotentialtoimpedevehiclesevacuatingfromanEvacuationRegionwithintheEPZ.RefertoSection7.1foradditionalinformationonpopulationwithintheShadowRegion.TableM 2presentstheETEforeachofthecasesconsidered.TheresultsshowthatreducingtheshadowevacuationpercentagedoesnotmateriallyaffecttheETEateitherthe90 thor100 thpercentiles.However,triplingtheshadowpercentagedoesaffectthe90 thpercentileETE,increasingitby15minutes.TableM 2.EvacuationTimeEstimatesforShadowSensitivityStudyPercentShadowEvacuationEvacuatingShadowVehiclesEvacuationTimeEstimateforEntireEPZ90 thPercentile100 thPercentile002:154:55154,9062:154:5520(Base)6,5792:254:556019,6252:405:00 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationM 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5M.3 EffectofChangesinEPZResidentPopulationAsensitivitystudywasconductedtodeterminetheeffectonETEofchangesintheresidentpopulationwithintheEPZ.AspopulationintheEPZchangesovertime,thetimerequiredtoevacuatethepublicmayincrease,decrease,orremainthesame.SincetheETEisrelatedtothedemandtocapacit yratiopresentwithintheEPZ,changesinpopulationwillcausethedemandsideoftheequationtochange.Thesensitivitystudywasconductedusingthefollowingplanningassumptions:1. ThechangeinpopulationwithintheEPZwastreatedparametrically.Thepercentpopulationchangewasvariedbetween+/-30%.Changesinpopulationwereappliedtopermanentresidentsonly(asperfederalguidance),inboththeEPZareaandtheShadowRegion.2. Thetransportationinfrastructureremainedfixed;thepresenceofnewroadsorhighwaycapacityimprovementswasnotconsidered.3. Thestudywasperformedforthe2 MileRe gion(R01),the5 MileRegion(R02),andtheentireEPZ(R03).4. ThegoodweatherscenariowhichyieldedthehighestETEvalueswasselectedasthecaseconsideredinthesensitivitystudy(Scenario6).TableM 3presentstheresultsofthesensitivitystudy.SectionIVofAppendixEto10CFRPart50,andNUREG/CR 7002,Section5.4,requirelicenseestoprovideanupdatedETEanalysistotheNRCwh enapopulationincreasewithintheEPZcausesETEvalues(forthe2 MileRegion,5 MileRegion,orentireEPZ)toincreaseby25percentor30minutes,whicheverisless.Notetha tthebaseETEvaluesforthe5 MileandentireEPZaregreaterthan2hours;25percentofthebaseETEisalwaysgreaterthan30minutes.Therefore,30minutesisthelesserandisthecriterionforupdatingforthe5 Mileandentir eEPZETE.ThebaseETEforthe2 Mileregionis1:35;thecriterionforupdatingwouldbe25percentofthis,or25minutes(roundedtonearest5minutes).TheETEvaluesforthe90 thpercentileandthe100 thpercentileareinsensitivetochangesinpopulationbetween+30percent.Theexistinghighwaynetworkhassufficientreservecapacitytoaccommodateanyreasonablepopulationincrease.ReducingpopulationhasnoeffectbecausetheETEvaluesreflectaminimumevacuationtimeconsistentwithtripgenerationestimates.NoneoftheETEmeetthecriteriaforupdatingETEbetweendecennialCensuses.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationM 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5TableM 3.ETEVariationwithPopulationChangeResidentPopulationBasePopulationChangeBasePopulationChange10%20%30%10%20%30%14,17515,59317,01018,42814,17512,75811,3409,923ETEfor90thPercentileRegionPopulationChangePopulationChangeBase10%20%30%Base 10% 20% 30%2MILE1:351:401:451:451:351:351:351:355MILE2:152:202:202:202:152:152:152:10FULLEPZ2:252:252:252:252:252:202:202:15ETEfor100thPercentileRegionPopulationChangePopulationChangeBase10%20%30%Base 10% 20% 30%2MILE4:454:454:454:454:454:454:454:455MILE4:504:504:504:504:504:504:504:50FULLEPZ4:554:554:554:554:554:554:554:55 APPENDIXNETECriteriaChecklist EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationN 1KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5N. ETECRITERIACHECKLISTTableN 1.ETEReviewCriteriaChecklistNRCReviewCriteriaCriterionAddressedinETEAnalysisComments1.0Introductiona. Theemergencyplanningzone(EPZ)andsurroundingareashouldbedescribed.YesSection1b. Amapshouldbeincludedthatidentifiesprimaryfeaturesofthesite,includingmajorroadways,significanttopographicalfeatures,boundariesofcounties,andpopulationcenterswithintheEPZ.YesFigure1 1c. AcomparisonofthecurrentandpreviousETEshouldbeprovidedandincludessimilarinformationasidentifiedinTable1 1,"ETEComparison,"ofNUREG/CR 7002.YesTable1 31.1Approacha. Adiscussionoftheapproachandlevelofdetailobtainedduringthefieldsurveyoftheroadwaynetworkshouldbeprovided.YesSection1.3b. Sourcesofdemographicdataforschools,specialfacilities,largeemployers,andspecialeventsshouldbeidentified.YesSection2.1Section3c. Discussionshouldbepresentedonuseoftrafficcontrolplansintheanalysis.YesSection1.3,Section2.2,Section9,AppendixGd. Trafficsimulationmodelsusedfortheanalysesshouldbeidentifiedbynameandversion.YesSection1.3,Table1 3,AppendixB,AppendixC EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationN 2KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NRCReviewCriteriaCriterionAddressedinETEAnalysisCommentse. Methodsusedtoaddressdatauncertaintiesshouldbedescribed.YesSection3-avoiddoublecountingSection5,AppendixF-4%samplingerrorat95%confidenceintervalfortelephonesurvey1.2Assumptionsa. TheplanningbasisfortheETEincludestheassumptionthattheevacuationshouldbeorderedpromptlyandnoearlyprotectiveactionshavebeenimplemented.YesSection2.3-Assumption1Section5.1b. AssumptionsconsistentwithTable1 2,"GeneralAssumptions,"ofNUREG/CR 7002shouldbeprovidedandincludethebasistosupporttheiruse.YesSections2.2,2.31.3ScenarioDevelopmenta. ThetenscenariosinTable1 3,EvacuationScenarios,shouldbedevelopedfortheETEanalysis,orareasonshouldbeprovidedforuseofotherscenarios.YesTables2 1,6 21.3.1StagedEvacuationa. Adiscussionshouldbeprovidedontheapproachusedindevelopmentofastagedevacuation.YesSections5.4.2,7.21.4EvacuationPlanningAreasa. AmapofEPZwithemergencyresponseplanningareas(ERPAs)shouldbeincluded.YesFigure6 1b. AtableshouldbeprovidedidentifyingtheERPAsconsideredforeachETEcalculationbydownwinddirectionineachsector.YesTable6 1 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationN 3KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NRCReviewCriteriaCriterionAddressedinETEAnalysisCommentsc. AtablesimilartoTable1 4,"EvacuationAreasforaStagedEvacuationKeyhole,"ofNUREG/CR 7002shouldbeprovidedandincludesthecompleteevacuationofthe2,5,and10mileareasandforthe2milearea/5milekeyholeevacuations.YesTable7 52.0DemandEstimationa. Demandestimationshouldbedevelopedforthefourpopulationgroups,includingpermanentresidentsoftheEPZ,transients,specialfacilities,andschools.YesPermanentresidents,employees,transients-Section3,AppendixESpecialfacilities,schools-Section8,AppendixE2.1PermanentResidentsandTransientPopulationa. TheUSCensusshouldbethesourceofthepopulationvalues,oranothercrediblesourceshouldbeprovided.YesSection3.1b. PopulationvaluesshouldbeadjustedasnecessaryforgrowthtoreflectpopulationestimatestotheyearoftheETE.Yes2010usedasthebaseyearforanalysis.Nogrowthofpopulationnecessary.c. Asectordiagramshouldbeincluded,similartoFigure2 1,"PopulationbySector,"ofNUREG/CR 7002,showingthepopulationdistributionforpermanentresidents.YesFigure3 22.1.1PermanentResidentswithVehiclesa. Thepersonspervehiclevalueshouldbebetween1and2orjustificationshouldbeprovidedforothervalues.Yes1.01personspervehicle-Table1 3b. Majoremployersshouldbelisted.YesAppendixE-TableE 32.1.2TransientPopulation EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationN 4KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NRCReviewCriteriaCriterionAddressedinETEAnalysisCommentsa. Alistoffacilitieswhichattracttransientpopulationsshouldbeincluded,andpeakandaverageattendanceforthesefacilitiesshouldbelisted.Thesourceofinformationusedtodevelopattendancevaluesshouldbeprovided.YesSections3.3,3.4,AppendixEb. Theaveragepopulationduringtheseasonshouldbeused,itemizedandtotaledforeachscenario.YesTables3 4,3 5andAppendixEitemizethetransientpopulationandemployeeestimates.TheseestimatesaremultipliedbythescenariospecificpercentagesprovidedinTable6 3toestimatetransientpopulationbyscenario.c. Thepercentofpermanentresidentsassumedtobeatfacilitiesshouldbeestimated.YesSections3.3,3.4d. Thenumberofpeoplepervehicleshouldbeprovided.Numbersmayvarybyscenario,andifso,discussiononwhyvaluesvaryshouldbeprovided.YesSections3.3,3.4e. Asectordiagramshouldbeincluded,similartoFigure2 1ofNUREG/CR 7002,showingthepopulationdistributionforthetransientpopulation.YesFigure3 6-transientsFigure3 8-employees2.2TransitDependentPermanentResidentsa. Themethodologyusedtodeterminethenumberoftransitdependentresidentsshouldbediscussed.YesSection8.1,Table8 1b. Transportationresourcesneededtoevacuatethisgroupshouldbequantified.YesSection8.1,Tables8 5,8 10c. Thecounty/localevacuationplansfortransitdependentresidentsshouldbeusedintheanalysis.YesSections8.1,8.4 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationN 5KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NRCReviewCriteriaCriterionAddressedinETEAnalysisCommentsd. Themethodologyusedtodeterminethenumberofpeoplewithdisabilitiesandthosewithaccessandfunctionalneedswhomayneedassistanceanddonotresideinspecialfacilitiesshouldbeprovided.Datafromlocal/countyregistrationprogramsshouldbeusedintheestimate,butshouldnotbetheonlysetofdata.YesSection8.5e. Capacitiesshouldbeprovidedforalltypesoftransportationresources.Busseatingcapacityof50%shouldbeusedorjustificationshouldbeprovidedforhighervalues.YesSection2.3-Assumption10Sections3.5,8.1,8.2,8.3f. Anestimateofthispopulationshouldbeprovidedandinformationshouldbeprovidedthattheexistingregistrationprogramswereusedindevelopingtheestimate.YesTable8 1-transitdependentsSection8.4-specialneedsg. Asummarytableofthetotalnumberofbuses,ambulances,orothertransportneededtosupportevacuationshouldbeprovidedandthequantificationofresourcesshouldbedetailedenoughtoassuredoublecountinghasnotoccurred.YesSection8.4-page8 6Table8 5,Section8.32.3SpecialFacilityResidentsa. Alistofspecialfacilities,includingthetypeoffacility,location,andaveragepopulationshouldbeprovided.Specialfacilitystaffshouldbeincludedinthetotalspecialfacilitypopulation.YesAppendixE,TablesE 1,E 2-listfacilities,type,location,andpopulationb. Adiscussionshouldbeprovidedonhowspecialfacilitydatawasobtained.YesSections8.2,8.3 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationN 6KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NRCReviewCriteriaCriterionAddressedinETEAnalysisCommentsc. Thenumberofwheelchairandbed boundindividualsshouldbeprovided.YesSection3.5d. Anestimateofthenumberandcapacityofvehiclesneededtosupporttheevacuationofthefacilityshouldbeprovided.YesSection8.3Tables8 4,8 5e. Thelogisticsformobilizingspeciallytrainedstaff(e.g.,medicalsupportorsecuritysupportforprisons,jails,andothercorrectionalfacilities)shouldbediscussedwhenappropriate.YesSection3.5NocorrectionalfacilitiesexistwithintheEPZ.Section8.4-page8 92.4Schoolsa. Alistofschoolsincludingname,location,studentpopulation,andtransportationresourcesrequiredtosupporttheevacuation,shouldbeprovided.Thesourceofthisinformationshouldbeprovided.YesTable8 2Section8.2b. Transportationresourcesforelementaryandmiddleschoolsshouldbebasedon100%oftheschoolcapacity.YesTable8 2c. Theestimateofhighschoolstudentswhowillusetheirpersonalvehicletoevacuateshouldbeprovidedandabasisforthevaluesusedshouldbediscussed.YesSection8.2d. Theneedforreturntripsshouldbeidentifiedifnecessary.YesTherearesufficientresourcestoevacuateschoolsinasinglewave.However,Section8.3andFigure8 1discussthepotentialforamultiplewaveevacuation EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationN 7KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NRCReviewCriteriaCriterionAddressedinETEAnalysisComments2.5.1SpecialEventsa. Acompletelistofspecialeventsshouldbeprovidedandincludesinformationonthepopulation,estimatedduration,andseasonoftheevent.YesSection3.7b. ThespecialeventthatencompassesthepeaktransientpopulationshouldbeanalyzedintheETE.YesSection3.7c. Thepercentofpermanentresidentsattendingtheeventshouldbeestimated.YesSection3.72.5.2ShadowEvacuationa. Ashadowevacuationof20percentshouldbeincludedforareasoutsidetheevacuationareaextendingto15milesfromtheNPP.YesSection2.2-Assumption5Figure2 1Section3.2b. Populationestimatesfortheshadowevacuationinthe10to15mileareabeyondtheEPZareprovidedbysector.YesSection3.2Figure3 4Table3 3c. Theloadingoftheshadowevacuationontotheroadwaynetworkshouldbeconsistentwiththetripgenerationtimegeneratedforthepermanentresidentpopulation.YesSection5-Table5 82.5.3BackgroundandPassThroughTraffic EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationN 8KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NRCReviewCriteriaCriterionAddressedinETEAnalysisCommentsa. Thevolumeofbackgroundtrafficandpassthroughtrafficisbasedontheaveragedaytimetraffic.Valuesmaybereducedfornighttimescenarios.YesSection3.6Table3 6Section6Table6 3b. PassthroughtrafficisassumedtohavestoppedenteringtheEPZabouttwohoursaftertheinitialnotification.YesSection2.3-Assumption5Section3.62.6SummaryofDemandEstimationa. Asummarytableshouldbeprovidedthatidentifiesthetotalpopulationsandtotalvehiclesusedinanalysisforpermanentresidents,transients,transitdependentresidents,specialfacilities,schools,shadowpopulation,andpass throughdemandusedineachscenario.YesTables3 7,3 83.0RoadwayCapacitya. Themethod(s)usedtoassessroadwaycapacityshouldbediscussed.YesSection43.1RoadwayCharacteristicsa. AfieldsurveyofkeyrouteswithintheEPZhasbeenconducted.YesSection1.3b. Informationshouldbeprovideddescribingtheextentofthesurvey,andtypesofinformationgatheredandusedintheanalysis.YesSection1.3c. AtablesimilartothatinAppendixA,"RoadwayCharacteristics,"ofNUREG/CR 7002shouldbeprovided.YesAppendixK,TableK 1 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationN 9KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NRCReviewCriteriaCriterionAddressedinETEAnalysisCommentsd. Calculationsforarepresentativeroadwaysegmentshouldbeprovided.YesSection4e. AlegiblemapoftheroadwaysystemthatidentifiesnodenumbersandsegmentsusedtodeveloptheETEshouldbeprovidedandshouldbesimilartoFigure3 1,"RoadwayNetworkIdentifyingNodesandSegments,"ofNUREG/CR 7002.YesAppendixK,FiguresK 1throughK 50presenttheentirelink nodeanalysisnetworkatascalesuitabletoidentifyalllinksandnodes3.2CapacityAnalysisa. Theapproachusedtocalculatetheroadwaycapacityforthetransportationnetworkshouldbedescribedindetailandidentifiesfactorsthatshouldbeexpresslyusedinthemodeling.YesSection4b. ThecapacityanalysisidentifieswherefieldinformationshouldbeusedintheETEcalculation.YesSection1.3,Section43.3IntersectionControla. Alistofintersectionsshouldbeprovidedthatincludesthetotalnumberofintersectionsmodeledthatareunsignalized,signalized,ormannedbyresponsepersonnel.YesAppendixK,TableK 2b. Characteristicsforthe10highestvolumeintersectionswithintheEPZareprovidedincludingthelocation,signalcyclelength,andturnlanequeuecapacity.YesTableJ 1c. Discussionshouldbeprovidedonhowsignalcycletimeisusedinthecalculations.YesSection4.1,AppendixC.3.4AdverseWeather EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationN 10KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NRCReviewCriteriaCriterionAddressedinETEAnalysisCommentsa. Theadverseweatherconditionshouldbeidentifiedandtheeffectsofadverseweatheronmobilizationtimeshouldbeconsidered.YesTable2 1,Section2.3-Assumption9Mobilizationtime-Table2 2,Section5.3(page5 10)b. ThespeedandcapacityreductionfactorsidentifiedinTable3 1,"WeatherCapacityFactors,"ofNUREG/CR 7002shouldbeusedorabasisshouldbeprovidedforothervalues.YesTable2 2-basedonHCM2010.ThefactorsprovidedinTable3 1ofNUREG/CR 7002arefromHCM2000.c. Thestudyidentifiesassumptionsforsnowremovalonstreetsanddriveways,whenapplicable.YesNotApplicable4.0DevelopmentofEvacuationTimes4.1TripGenerationTimea. Theprocessusedtodeveloptripgenerationtimesshouldbeidentified.YesSection5b. Whentelephonesurveysareused,thescopeofthesurvey,areaofsurvey,numberofparticipants,andstatisticalrelevanceshouldbeprovided.YesAppendixFc. Dataobtainedfromtelephonesurveysshouldbesummarized.YesAppendixFd. Thetripgenerationtimeforeachpopulationgroupshouldbedevelopedfromsitespecificinformation.YesSection5,AppendixF4.1.1PermanentResidentsandTransientPopulation EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationN 11KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NRCReviewCriteriaCriterionAddressedinETEAnalysisCommentsa. Permanentresidentsareassumedtoevacuatefromtheirhomesbutarenotassumedtobeathomeatalltimes.Tripgenerationtimeincludestheassumptionthatapercentageofresidentswillneedtoreturnhomepriortoevacuating.YesSection5discussestripgenerationforhouseholdswithandwithoutreturningcommuters.Table6 3presentsthepercentageofhouseholdswithreturningcommutersandthepercentageofhouseholdseitherwithoutreturningcommutersorwithnocommuters.AppendixFpresentsthepercenthouseholdswhowillawaitthereturnofcommuters.b. Discussionshouldbeprovidedonthetimeandmethodusedtonotifytransients.Thetripgenerationtimediscussesanydifficultiesnotifyingpersonsinhardtoreachareassuchasonlakesorincampgrounds.YesSection5.4.3c. Thetripgenerationtimeaccountsfortransientspotentiallyreturningtohotelspriortoevacuating.YesSection5,Figure5 1d. Effectofpublictransportationresourcesusedduringspecialeventswherealargenumberoftransientsshouldbeexpectedshouldbeconsidered.YesSection3.7e. Thetripgenerationtimeforthetransientpopulationshouldbeintegratedandloadedontothetransportationnetworkwiththegeneralpublic.YesSection5,Table5 94.1.2TransitDependentResidents EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationN 12KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NRCReviewCriteriaCriterionAddressedinETEAnalysisCommentsa. Ifavailable,existingplansandbusroutesshouldbeusedintheETEanalysis.IfnewplansshouldbedevelopedwiththeETE,theyhavebeenagreeduponbytheresponsibleauthorities.YesSection8.3-Pre establishedbusroutesdonotexist.BasicbusroutesweredevelopedfortheETEanalysis-seeFigure8 2,Table8 10.b. Discussionshouldbeincludedonthemeansofevacuatingambulatoryandnonambulatoryresidents.YesSection8.4c. Thenumber,location,andavailabilityofbuses,andotherresourcesneededtosupportthedemandestimationshouldbeprovided.YesSection8.4d. Logisticaldetails,suchasthetimetoobtainbuses,briefdrivers,andinitiatethebusrouteshouldbeprovided.YesSection8.4,Figure8 1e. Discussionshouldidentifythetimeestimatedfortransitdependentresidentstoprepareandtraveltoabuspickuppoint,anddescribestheexpectedmeansoftraveltothepickuppoint.YesSection8.3f. Thenumberofbusstopsandtimeneededtoloadpassengersshouldbediscussed.YesSection8.3g. Amapofbusroutesshouldbeincluded.YesFigure8 2h. Thetripgenerationtimefornonambulatorypersonsincludesthetimetomobilizeambulancesorspecialvehicles,timetodrivetothehomeofresidents,loadingtime,andtimetodriveoutoftheEPZshouldbeprovided.YesSection8.4i. Informationshouldbeprovidedtosupportsanalysisofreturntrips,ifnecessary.YesSections8.3,8.4Figure8 1Tables8 1through8 13 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationN 13KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NRCReviewCriteriaCriterionAddressedinETEAnalysisComments4.1.3SpecialFacilitiesa. Informationonevacuationlogisticsandmobilizationtimesshouldbeprovided.YesSection8.4,Tables8 7through8 9,8 11through8 13b. Discussionshouldbeprovidedontheinboundandoutboundspeeds.YesSections8.4.c. Thenumberofwheelchairandbed boundsindividualsshouldbeprovided,andthelogisticsofevacuatingtheseresidentsshouldbediscussed.YesTables8 4d. TimeforloadingofresidentsshouldbeprovidedYesSection8.4e. Informationshouldbeprovidedthatindicateswhethertheevacuationcanbecompletedinasingletriporifadditionaltripsshouldbeneeded.YesSection8.4,Table8 5f. Ifreturntripsshouldbeneeded,thedestinationofvehiclesshouldbeprovided.YesSection8.4g. Discussionshouldbeprovidedonwhetherspecialfacilityresidentsareexpectedtopassthroughthereceptioncenterpriortobeingevacuatedtotheirfinaldestination.YesSection8.4h. Supportinginformationshouldbeprovidedtoquantifythetimeelementsforthereturntrips.YesSection8.4.Tables8 11through8 13.4.1.4Schoolsa. Informationonevacuationlogisticsandmobilizationtimeshouldbeprovided.YesSection8.4 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationN 14KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NRCReviewCriteriaCriterionAddressedinETEAnalysisCommentsb. Discussionshouldbeprovidedontheinboundandoutboundspeeds.YesSchoolbusroutesarepresentedinTable8 6.SchoolbusspeedsarepresentedinTables8 7(goodweather),8 8(rain),and8 9(ice).OutboundspeedsaredefinedastheminimumoftheevacuationroutespeedandtheStateschoolbusspeedlimit.Inboundspeedsarelimit edtotheStateschoolbusspeedlimit.c. Timeforloadingofstudentsshouldbeprovided.YesTables8 7through8 9,DiscussioninSection8.4d. Informationshouldbeprovidedthatindicateswhethertheevacuationcanbecompletedinasingletriporifadditionaltripsareneeded.YesSection8.4-page8 8e. Ifreturntripsareneeded,thedestinationofschoolbusesshouldbeprovided.YesReturntripsarenotneededf. Ifused,receptioncentersshouldbeidentified.Discussionshouldbeprovidedonwhetherstudentsareexpectedtopassthroughthereceptioncenterpriortobeingevacuatedtotheirfinaldestination.YesTable8 3.Studentsareevacuatedtoreceivingschoolswheretheywillbepickedupbyparentsorguardians.g. Supportinginformationshouldbeprovidedtoquantifythetimeelementsforthereturntrips.YesReturntripsarenotneeded.Tables8 7through8 9providetimeneededtoarriveatcarecenter,whichcouldbeusedtocomputeasecondwaveevacuationifnecessary EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationN 15KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NRCReviewCriteriaCriterionAddressedinETEAnalysisComments4.2ETEModelinga. GeneralinformationaboutthemodelshouldbeprovidedanddemonstratesitsuseinETEstudies.YesDYNEVII(Ver.4.0.0.0).Section1.3,Table1 3,AppendixB,AppendixC.b. IfatrafficsimulationmodelisnotusedtoconducttheETEcalculation,sufficientdetailshouldbeprovidedtovalidatetheanalyticalapproachused.Allcriteriaelementsshouldhavebeenmet,asappropriate.NoNotapplicableasatrafficsimulationmodelwasused.4.2.1TrafficSimulationModelInputa. Trafficsimulationmodelassumptionsandarepresentativesetofmodelinputsshouldbeprovided.YesAppendicesBandCdescribethesimulationmodelassumptionsandalgorithmsTableJ 2b. Aglossaryoftermsshouldbeprovidedforthekeyperformancemeasuresandparametersusedintheanalysis.YesAppendixATablesC 1,C 24.2.2TrafficSimulationModelOutputa. AdiscussionregardingwhetherthetrafficsimulationmodelusedmustbeinequilibrationpriortocalculatingtheETEshouldbeprovided.YesAppendixB EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationN 16KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NRCReviewCriteriaCriterionAddressedinETEAnalysisCommentsb. Theminimumfollowingmodeloutputsshouldbeprovidedtosupportreview:1. TotalvolumeandpercentbyhourateachEPZexitnode.2. Networkwideaveragetraveltime.3. Longestqueuelengthforthe10intersectionswiththehighesttrafficvolume.4. Totalvehiclesexitingthenetwork.5. AplotthatprovidesboththemobilizationcurveandevacuationcurveidentifyingthecumulativepercentageofevacueeswhohavemobilizedandexitedtheEPZ.6. AveragespeedforeachmajorevacuationroutethatexitstheEPZ.Yes1. TableJ 5.2. TableJ 3.3. TableJ 1.4. TableJ 3.5. FiguresJ 1throughJ 14(oneplotforeachscenarioconsidered

).6. TableJ 4.NetworkwideaveragespeedalsoprovidedinTableJ 3.c. Colorcodedroadwaymapsshouldbeprovidedforvarioustimes(i.e.,at2,4,6hrs.,etc.)duringafullEPZevacuationscenario,identifyingareaswherelongqueuesexistincludinglevelofservice(LOS)"E"andLOS"F"conditions,iftheyoccur.YesFigures7 3and7 44.3EvacuationTimeEstimatesfortheGeneralPublica. TheETEshouldincludethetimetoevacuate90%and100%ofthetotalpermanentresidentandtransientpopulationYesTables7 1,7 2 EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationN 17KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NRCReviewCriteriaCriterionAddressedinETEAnalysisCommentsb. TheETEfor100%ofthegeneralpublicshouldincludeallmembersofthegeneralpublic.Anyreductionsortruncateddatashouldbeexplained.YesSection5.4-truncatingsurveydatatoeliminatestatisticaloutliersTable7 2-100 thpercentileETEforgeneralpublicc. Tablesshouldbeprovidedforthe90and100percentETEssimilartoTable4 3,"ETEsforStagedEvacuationKeyhole,"ofNUREG/CR 7002.YesTables7 3,7 4d. ETEsshouldbeprovidedforthe100percentevacuationofspecialfacilities,transitdependent,andschoolpopulations.YesSection8.4Tables8 7through8 9Tables8 11through8 135.0OtherConsiderations5.1DevelopmentofTrafficControlPlansa. Informationthatresponsibleauthoritieshaveapprovedthetrafficcontrolplanusedintheanalysisshouldbeprovided.YesSection9,AppendixGb. AdiscussionofadjustmentsoradditionstothetrafficcontrolplanthataffecttheETEshouldbeprovided.YesAppendixG5.2EnhancementsinEvacuationTimea. Theresultsofassessmentsforimprovementofevacuationtimeshouldbeprovided.YesSection13,AppendixMb. Astatementordiscussionregardingpresentationofenhancementstolocalauthoritiesshouldbeprovided.YesResultsoftheETEstudywereformallypresentedtolocalauthoritiesatthefinalprojectmeeting.Recommendedenhancementswerediscussed.

EP 100Appendix5VirgilC.SummerNuclearStationN 18KLDEngineering,P.C.EvacuationTimeEstimateRev.5NRCReviewCriteriaCriterionAddressedinETEAnalysisComments5.3StateandLocalReviewa. Alistofagenciescontactedandtheextentofinteractionwiththeseagenciesshouldbediscussed.YesTable1 1b. InformationshouldbeprovidedonanyunresolvedissuesthatmayaffecttheETE.YesTherearenounresolvedissues.Allissuesraisedbystakeholdersatboththeprojectkickoffmeetingsandthefinalmeetinghavebeenaddressedandincorporatedinthisfinalreport.5.4ReviewsandUpdatesa. AdiscussionofwhenanupdatedETEanalysisisrequiredtobeperformedandsubmittedtotheNRC.YesAppendixM,SectionM.35.5ReceptionCentersandCongregateCareCentera. Amapofcongregatecarecentersandreceptioncentersshouldbeprovided.YesFigure10 1b. Ifreturntripsarerequired,assumptionsusedtoestimatereturntimesforbusesshouldbeprovided.YesSection8.3discussesamulti waveevacuationprocedure.Figure8 1c. Itshouldbeclearlystatedifitisassumedthatpassengersareleftatthereceptioncenterandaretakenbyseparatebusestothecongregatecarecenter.YesSection2.3-Assumption7hSection10 TechnicalReviewer_________________

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