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| | number = ML17334B622 | | | number = ML17334B622 |
| | issue date = 12/31/1996 | | | issue date = 12/31/1996 |
| | title = Annual Environ Operating Rept for 960101-961231. W/970418 Ltr | | | title = Annual Environ Operating Rept for 960101-961231 |
| | author name = FITZPATRICK E | | | author name = Fitzpatrick E |
| | author affiliation = INDIANA MICHIGAN POWER CO. | | | author affiliation = INDIANA MICHIGAN POWER CO. |
| | addressee name = | | | addressee name = |
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| =Text= | | =Text= |
| {{#Wiki_filter:CATEGORY1REOUDRTOINEORMA'/ION,DISTRIBUTION TEM(RIDE)ACCESSION NBR:9704240079 DOC.DATE: | | {{#Wiki_filter:}} |
| 96/12/31NOTARIZED:
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| NOFACIL:50-',315 DonaldC.CookNuclearP6werPlant,Unit1,IndianaM50-316DonaldC.CookNuclearPowerPlant,Unit2,IndianaMAUTH.NAMEAUTHORAFFILIATION FITZPATRICK,E.
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| IndianaMichiganPowerCo.,RECIP.NAME RECIPIENT AFFILIATION DOCKET0500031505000316I
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| ==SUBJECT:==
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| "AnnualEnvironOperating Reptfor960101-961231."
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| W/970418ltr.DISTRIBUTION CODE:C001DCOPIESRECEIVED:LTR ENCLSIZE:TITLE:Licensing Submittal:
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| Environmental ReptAmdt6RelatedCorrespondence NOTES:ERECIPIENT IDCODE/NAME HICKMAN,J INTERNAL:
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| IL~557501OGCHDS2EXTERNAL:
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| NOACCOPIESLTTRENCL11111011RECIPIENT IDCODE/NAME NUDOCS-ABSTRACT RGN3DRS/RSBNRCPDRCOPIESLTTRENCL1111110DNNOTETOALLMRIDSNRECIPIENTS:
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| PLEASEHELPUSTOREDUCEWASTE.TOHAVEYOURNAMEORORGANIZATION REMOVEDFROMDISTRIBUTION LISTSORREDUCETHENUMBEROFCOPIESRECEIVEDBYYOUORYOURORGANIZATION, CONTACTTHEDOCUMENTCONTROLDESK(DCD)ONEXTENSION 415-2083TOTALNUMBEROFCOPIESREQUIRED:
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| LTTR7ENCL6 1ll"II4 IndianaMichiganPowerCompany500CircleDriveBuchanan, MI491071395lNQMMAlMlCNEGAMPSSTApril18,1997AEP:NRC:0806QDocketNos.:50-31550-316U.S.NuclearRegulatory Commission ATTN:DocumentControlDeskWashington, D.C.20555Gentlemen:
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| DonaldC.CookNuclearPlantUnits1and2ANNUALENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORTJANUARY1,1996TODECEMBER31,1996AttachedistheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantAnnualEnvironmental Operating Reportfortheyear1996.Thisreportwaspreparedinaccordance withprocedure 12PMP6010OSD.001,"OffsiteDoseCalculation Manual,"section4.8.1,andTechnical Specification, AppendixB,Part2,section5.4.1.Sincerely, E.E.FittrickVicePresident vlbAttachment cc:A.A.BlindA.B.BeachMDEQ-DW8(RPDNRCResidentInspector J.R.Padgett<goiiC~9'704240079 9'6iR3iPDRADOCK050003i5PDRIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIC IIt4,1j',f ATTACHMENT TOAEP:NRC:0806Q ANNUALENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORTJANUARY1,1996TODECEMBER31,19969704240079 6
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| TABLEOFCONTENTSPacaeI.Introduction II.ChangestotheEnvironmental Technical Specifications
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| ..III.Non-Radiological'nvironmental Operating ReportA.B.C.D.E.F.G.PlantDesignandOperation Non-Routine ReportsEnvironmental Protection Plan.Potentially Significant Unreviewed Environmental Issue.Environmental Monitoring-Herbicide Applications MolluscBiofouling Monitoring
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| .SpecialReports11112IV.Radiological Environmental Operating ReportA.ChangestotheREMPB.Radiological ImpactofDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantOperations C.LandUseCensus.D.Solid,Liquid,andGaseousRadioactive WasteTreatment SystemsConclusion 333 LISTOFAPPENDICES e~eedixTitleI.Non-Routine Reports-1996II.Environmental Screening Reports-1996III.Herbicide Application Report-19'96IV.MolluscBiofouling Monitoring
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| -1996V.SpecialReportsVI.AnnualReport:Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program-1996A.Radiological Environmental Monitoring ProgramSummary-1996B.DataTablesC.Analytical Procedures SynopsisD.SummaryofEPAInterlaboratory Comparisons E.REMPSamplingandAnalytical Exceptions F.LandUseCensusG.SummaryofthePreoperational Radiological Monitoring ProgramH.SummaryoftheSpikeandBlankSampleProgramI.TLDQualityControlProgram I.INTRODUCTION Procedure 12PMP6010OSD.001,"OffsiteDoseCalculation Manual,"Section4.8.1andTechnical Specification, AppendixB,Part2,Section5.4.1requirethatanannualreport,whichdetailstheresultsandfindingsofongoingenvironmental radiological andnon-radiological surveillance
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| : programs, besubmitted totheNuclearRegulatory Commission.
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| Thisreportservicestofulfilltheserequirements andrepresents theAnnualEnvironmental operating ReportforUnits1and2oftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantfortheoperating periodfromJanuary1throughDecember31,1996.During1996,basedonthemonthlyoperating repcrtsforUnit1andUnit2,theannualgrosselectrical generation, averageunitservicefactors,andcapacityfactorswere:~parameter GrossElectrical, Generation (MWH)UnitServiceFactor(4)UnitCapacityFactor-MDC*Net(%)*MaximumDependable Capacity8,687,540 97.695.3Unit28,298,030 87.086.2II.HANGESTOTHEENVIRONMENTAL TEHNICALPECIFICATIONS Therewerenoenvironmental Technical Specification changesin1996.III.NON-RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRNMENTALPERATINGREPORTA.PlantDesignandOperation During1996,noinstances ofnoncompliance withtheEnvironmental Protection Planoccurred, norwerethereanychangesinstationdesign,operations, tests,orexprimentswhichinvolvedapotentially significant unreviewed environmental issue.Therewasoneenvironmental screening duringthereporting period.Acopyofthisscreening islocatedinAppendixIIofthisreport.Itwasconcluded thatnoenvironmental evaluations wererequiredandthatn~unreviewed environmental questions existed.B.Non-Routine ReportsAsummaryofthe1996non-routine eventsislocatedinAppendixIofthisreport.Nolong-term, adverseenvironmental effectswerenoted.Environmental Protection PlanTherewerenoinstances ofEnvironmental Protection Plannoncompliance in1996.D.Potentially Significant Unreviewed Environmental IssuesTherewerenochangesinstationdesign,operations, testsorexperiments whichinvolvedapotentially significant unreviewed environmental issue.Therewasoneenvironmental screening duringthereporting period.Acopyofthisscreening islocatedinAppendixIIofthisreport.Thescreening determined thattherewerenounreviewed environmental 0
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| ques"ionsE.Environmental Monitoring
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| -Herbicide Application Technical Specifications AppendixB,Part2,section5.4.1,statesthattheAnnualEnvironmental Operating Report;hallinclude:summaries andanalyses'ftheresultsoftheenvironmental protection activities requiredbysection4.2ofthisEnvironmental Protection Planforthereportperiod,including acomparison withpreoperational studies,operational controls(asappropriate),
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| andpreviousnon-radiological environmental monitoring reports,andanassessment oftheobservedimpactsoftheplantoperation ontheenvironment.
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| Herbicide applications aretheactivities monitored inaccordance withsection4.2.Therewerenopreoperational herbicide studiestowhichcomparisons couldbemade.Herbicide applications aremanagedbyplantprocedure 12THP2160HER.001.Asummaryofthe1996herbicide applications iscontained inAppendixIIIofthisreport.Basedonobservations, therewere,nonegativeimpactsorevidenceoftrendstowardirreversible changetotheenvironment asaresultoftheherbicide applications.
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| Basedonourreviewofapplication recordsandfieldobservations, theapplications conformed withEPAandStaterequirements fortheapproveduseofherbicides.
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| F.MolluscBiofouling Monitoring ProgramMacrofouler monitoring andcontrolactivities during1996arediscussed inAppendixIVofthisreport.Wholewatersamplingstudiesshowednoadverseenvironmental impact.G.SpecialReportsTherewerenospecialreportsidentified during1996.IV.RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORTTheRadiological Environmental Monitoring ProgramannualreportislocatedinAppendixVIofthisreport.Theobjectives oftheoperational radiological environmental monitoring programare:Identifyandmeasureradiation andradioactivity intheplantenvironsforthecalculation ofpotential dosetothepopulation.
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| Verifytheeffectiveness ofin-plantmeasuresusedforcontrolling thereleaseofradioactive material.
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| Providereasonable assurance thatthepredicted doses,basedonradiological effluentdata,havenotbeensubstantially underestimated andareconsistent withapplicable standards.
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| Complywithregulatory requirements andStationTechnical Specifications
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| .andproviderecordstodocumentcompliance.
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| ChangestotheREMPTherewerenoidentified changestotheREMPduring1996.
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| Therewerenoidentified changestotheREMPduring1996.B.Radiological ImpactofDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantOperations Thisreportsummarizes thecollection andanalysisofvariousenvironmental samplemediain1996fortheRadiological "Environmental Monitoring ProgramfortheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant.Thevariousanalysesofmostsamplemediasuggestthattherewasnodiscernable impactofthenuclearplantontheenvironment.
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| Theanalysisofairparticulate filters,charcoalcartridges, directradiation bythermoluminescent dosimeters, fish,water,mildandsediments fromLakeMichigan, drinkingwater,andfoodproducts, eitherdidnotdetectanyradioactivity ormeasuredonlynaturally occurring radionuclides atnormalbackground levels.Theonlyradionuclide whichappearsattributable totheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantoperation istritium,whichwasmeasuredatlowlevelsinonsitewells.However,theassociated groundwater doesnotprovideadirectdosepathwaytoman.C.LandUseCensusTheLandUseCensusisperformed toensurethatsignificant changesintheimmediate vicinityoftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantareidentified.
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| Anyidentified changesareevaluated todetermine whetheramodification mustbemadetotheREMPorotherrelatedprograms.
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| Twodeletions ofmilkfarmswereidentified duringthe1996LandUseCensus.Afurtherdiscussion oftheLandUseCensuscanbefoundinAppendixVIofthisreport.D.Solid,Liquid,andGaseousRadioactive WasteTreatment SystemsTherewerenochangesinthesolid,liquid,orgaseousradioactive wastetreatment systemsduring1996.CONCLUSION Basedupontheresultsoftheradiological environmental monitoring programandtheradioactive effluentreleasereportsforthe1996reporting year,itcanbeconcluded thattherewerenoadverso.affectstotheenvironment ortothegeneralpublicduetotheoperation oftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant.3 APPENDIXINON-ROUTINE REPORTS1996 1996Non-Routine EventsFebruary26,1996-OutfallOODContinuous pHmonitoring wasinterrupted.
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| Theinterruption wascausedbyfoulingproblemsassociated withtheglasspHelectrode.
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| March10,1996-OutfallOODcontinuous pHmonitoring wasinterrupted.
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| Theinterruption wascausedbyanelectronic failureofpHmonitoring instrumentation.
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| May10,1996-Anestimated 1gallonofoilwaswasheddowntheroofdrainstothestormwatersystemasaresultofoilvaporaccumulating ontherooffromtheUnit2hydrogensealoilvaporextractors (anestimated 5gallonaccumulation)
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| .August19,1996-Approximately 2gallonsoflubeoilleakedfromadamagedoilresrvoirforatraveling waterscreentotheUnit1forebay.
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| APPENDIXIIENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING REPORTS1996 4
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| ANHWmwELECTRICPQHfF.RDataJune4,1996SubJectDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantEnvironmental Evaluation Unit2UpratePerAEP:NRC:1223arlsonl.P.AntlS.L.ColvisToAEP:NRC:1223DonaldC.CookNuclearPlantiotrodualion Thisenvironmental screening iswritteninsupportoftheapplication foramendment oftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant,UnitNumber2FacilityOperating License;foramendment oftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant,Unit2Technical Specifications; andforrelatedchangestotheUnit1Technical Specitications proposedprimarily tosupportoperation ofCookNuclearPiantUnit2atanincreased coreRatedThermalPowerof3588MWt.Inanticipation oftheproposedUnit2uprato,theMarch1994renewalsubmittal fortheNationalPollution DIscharge Elimination Systems(NPOES)PermitincludedarequestforIncreasing thethermaleffluentdischarge limit.Thefollowing excerptprovidesthfthhjustification.
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| viesescopeothechangeandthe
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| 'Thecurrentthermaleffluentlimitforthecirculating watersysted'semiscargingtoLakeichlganis15.5x10'TU/hr.
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| Thislscalculated frommeasurements takenatOuthlls001and002forUnits1and2,respectively.
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| Atthislimit,theunitsareoperating withcalculated Theun'aximum temperature differentials of22.3and18.3degreesFfU'tseunitshavebeenrequiredtoreduceloadfrom100Mduringthehottestsummermonths'omaintaomaintainthethermaldischat~Je withinlimits.InordertomaintaIn100loloadthroughout
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| 'iheenbreyear,including thehotsummermonths,weproposeincreasing thethermaldischarermaiscargeAttheproposedthermaldischarge, thetemperature differerttials arecalculated tobesorni1and2respectively, approximately1 degreeFgreater,or23.4and,19.3degreesFfoUtsdusingthesameconditions esintheabovecalculations.,
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| Th'heincreasenheatloadandisargetemperature toLakeMichiganareminimalandarenotexpectedtoresultinadverseenvironmental harmlnandaroundtheplantdischarges.'he 16.25x10'TU/hrwasicwasincreased to16.8x1O'TUlhrinalaterproposaltotheMONRdescribed inthedemonstra instration oftheacceptability oftheproposedincreaseinheatdischareofsaoeR,asRule98MichiganWaterQualityStandards (Attachment C).
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| 'MgFnvironmental Evaluation U-2UpratePerAEP:NRC:1223OnJuno28,1995,theCookNulearPlantreceivedanewNPDESPermitwhichincludedpermission toinc."aseHeatAdditionDischarge Limitation to16.8x10'TU/hrwiththefollowing "Asacondition ofthispermit,thepermittee shallconductathermalplumestudyforoutfal!s001and002.Thestudyshallboconducted seasonally, duringspring,summerandfall.Eachseasonalstudyshalllndude adetermination ofthecurrentvelocityandvolumewhichservestodilutethedischarge InLakeMichigan, adetermination ofthestratification oftheeffluent, ifanyinLakeMichigan, predominant winddirection andvelocityatthetimeofthestudy,anddetailedmappingoftheplumeforeachstudy.Withinthree(3)monthsoftheeffective dateofthispermit,aplanforconducting thestudyshallbesubmitted tothePlainwell DistrictSupervisor oftheSurfaceWaterQualityDivisionforapproval.
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| Thestudyshallbeimplemented inaccordance withtheapprovedplan,whichwillincludeinformation regarding Initiation ofthestudy.Ifthepermittee desirestomakeanysubstantial changeslntkeapprovedplan,suchproposedchangesshallbesubmitted toandboapprovedbythePlainwell DistrictSupeiv',sor priortoimplementation.
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| Theresultofthisstudy'hall besubmitted tothePlainwell DistrictSupervisor vrithinfour(4)monthsofthecompletion ofthestudy."Aplanforconducting thestudywassubmitted onSeptember 25,1995totheMichiganDepartment ofNaturalResources (MDNR)(nowknownastheMichIganDepartment ofEnvironmental QualityorMDEQ)DistrictSupervisor oftlieSurfaceWaterQualityDivision(SWQD)(Attachment A).ApprovalfromtheMDEQSWQDwasreceivedonNovember6,1995(Attachment 8).Schedules havebeenestablished tomeettheotheritemsofSpecialCondition 9.currentNPDESPermit:"TheMichiganDeoartment ofNaturalResoures'scons!"dngthenecessity ofincorporatirg oincorpora ingMih'emperature limitations inthispermittoassurethattherequlroments ofRui82(1)fthiciganWaterQualityStandards aremet.Thorefore, whenconsideration ofthisissuehasbeencompleted, theDepartment maymodifythispermitin.accordance withPartII.B.4toaddappropriate temperature limitations orrequirements."
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| viewActionTaTheFinalEnvironmental Statement (FES),NationalPollution Discharge Elimination System(NPDES)PermitandAppendixSofTechnical Specifications werereviewedInsupportofthisscreening todetermine thepotential environmental impactassociated withthisproposeduprate.inaccordance with661000-LTG-2200-1, Revision0Preparation andDistribution ofEnvironmental Evaluations,"
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| anEnvironmental CheckSkeetwascompleted.
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| Theconclusions ofthischeckskeetfollow.
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| Peg*3Environmental Evaluation U-2UpratoPerAEP:NRC;12231.Willtheproposedactivityresultinasignificant increaseinanyadverseenvironmental impactpreviously evaluated intheFinalEnvironmental Statement (FES)7NoTheproposedu'pratewillresultinanincreaseintemperature ofthecoolingwttht'nerLakeMichiganasfoundinthesummaryofenvironmental ImpactandadverseeffectsintheFES.Theareaofthethermalplumeisalsoexpectedtoincreasefrom593to700acres,anincreaseofabout18'A.Webelievethatth"impactofthischangewillhaveanegligible effectontheenvironment end,doesnotrepresent asignificant increasoinanyadverseImpactdiscussed lntheFES.Onthebasisofthestatement 7,inthesummaryandconclusions portionoftheFES,allrequirements setforthintheFEScalledforthbytheNationalEnvironmental PolicyAct(NEPA)suchasLicenseConditions hasbeenmetandreviewedandapprovedbytheMichiganDepartment lumestuNaturalResources andtheUnitedStatesEnvironmental Protection Agonc.AhpumestudyasrequiredperNPDESpermitisscheduled oncetheupratehasoccurred.
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| Technical Speclficabons associated WiththeupratewillbeIncludedinAEP:NRC:1223.2.Istherooheproposedactivityamatternotpreviously evaluated intheFinalEuaeineinanvironmental No,TheFESdiscusses thermaleffluent-discharge andtheUnit2upraterepresents achangetotheNPDESeffluentlimitsasdiscussod Inquestion3and4,Theproposedactivitywasnotevaluated atiheheatdischarge levelsthatwereevaluated intheoriginalFES.However,thoFESdidevaluatethermaleffluentdischarge.
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| Currentmodelingstudiesindicated thatthecalculated mixingzonevnliexpand,yotthisisnotexpectedtobeasignificant deviation fromtheoriginalstudyanddoesnotindicateanadverseenvironmental impactpreviously evaluatod intheFES.Thisactivityandassociated effecthavebeenproviously evaluated i>>tiioFESandareallpotential adverseeffectsworeaddressed viatheNPDESPermitapprovalprocess.:,dJ.JudefromtheCenterforGreatLakosandAauaticSciencesforthU'iyIc~,wascontracted toperformaninves@ation ofchangesthatmightoccurduetotheheatIncreaseandhowthosechangesmightImpactthecurrentLakoMich'nfaunainthevicinityofthepl'ant(Attachment D).Thereviewdetermined thatthetheintriorequested heatinputandincreased iherma>pluinesizewillhaveeI'blnegigioimpactoneintegrity oftheLakeMichiganecosystem inthisareaofthelake.Inadd'tlh'aion,tispoueyingstudiesshowthosizeandincreased temperatures expectedwithintheplumewillhavenodiscernible adverseenvironmental impctth'dmpaonewioarrayofises,zooplankton, andbenthicorganlsrns thatarecommonraredd,,rare,enangered,oruncommoninthevicinityoftheCookPlant.Theeheenvironmental impactsandadverseeffectscontained intheFESwerereviewedanaIapproprhte measuresrequiredundertheNationalEnvironmental PolicyActendAppendixDto10CFRPart50woreaddressed viatheNPDESPermitapprovalprocessdescribed andattachedthroughout thisdocument iage4i"=nrironrnentaf Fvaluation U-2UpratoPorAEP:NRC:12233.WilltheproposedactivityresultInasignificant changeinconstituent orquantityofeffluent' NoThereisnosignificant changeinconstituent ofeffluent.
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| Thequantityoftheeffluenwillonlychangeinthoamountofheatbeingdischarged.
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| Thischangeisfrom15.5x10'TU/hr to168x10'TU/hr.Heatisdifferent fromchemicalpollutants inthatitwillnotinterfere vriththedesignated usesinthereceiving stream,norwillitimpactthopublichealthorenvironment.
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| Theadditional heattoberojoctedtoLakeMichiganisnotexpoctedtoresultinasignificant changeinthequalityofeffluentandhasbeenreviewedandapprovedandpermitted bytheMDNR.4.Willthepropcsedactivityresultinasignificant changoinaiithorized powerlevel?YesThechangetoRatedThermalPowerl'rom3411to358&bydeflnition reflectsachangeinauthorized Powerlevel.Impactsresulting fromthischangearediscussed inthe'esponsetoquestfon3andwillbeaddressed InAEP:NRC:1223 Technical Specification:
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| amendment proposaltotheUSNRC.5.Willapreviously undisturbed areabeimpactedbythisactivity?
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| NoThethermal"fumesizeisexpectedtoIncrease, althoughthisincreaselsnotexpectedtoimpactpreviously undiisturbed areasinLakeMlchlgan.
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| Thethermalplumestudythatvillboperformed asrequiredintheNPDESpermitvrilfdocumentwhethertherewillboasfgnificant environmental effectasaresultofthouorate.6.Willinitiation orimplementation oftlieproposedactivityrequiremodification toexistingpermits?NoInaccordance is%thoNPDESPermitNo.MI0005827 fortheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantPARTIIA2.ChangeofConditions, anewapplication wassubmitted totheChloffthoPermitSectionofthoSurfaceWaterQualityDivisiontoincreasethehe."'ejected toLak~""".higan from15.5x10'TU/hrto16.8x10'TU/hr.
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| AlsosubminedtotheMichiganDepartment ofN"turalResources perPart4ofthegeneralrulesofthoh4'chigon WaterResourceCommission (WaterQualityStandards) wasaDemonstration ofAcceptability ofIncreaseHeatAdditfonproposedinaccordance to,Rule98(Attachment C).~C~IsionBasedonth'nthisreviewofthoproposeduprateofCookNuclearPlantUnit2from3411MWtto3588MWt,ltlsconcluded thatanunreviowed environmental questiondoesexist.Assuch,fnformalion concerning thechangewillbesubmitted totheNuclearRegulatory Commission inaccordance vrithprocedure 661-LTG-220041
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| 'Preparation andDistribution ofEnvlronmontal Evaluations.
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| 0 Page5Environmental Evaluation U-2UpratePerAEP:NRC:1223ltshouldbenotedthat4".edetermination thatanunreviewed environmental questionexistedwasanexpectedresultofthisevaluation.
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| Thepurposeofthisevaluation wastosupporttheproposedTechnical Specification Amendment submittal package.Fromastrictlyenvironmental perspective, theproposeduprateisnotconsdored tohaveasignificant adverseimpactontheenvironment asdiscussed lnthoFES.Finally,theMichiganDepartment ofNaturalResources hasapprovedtheproposedincreaseInthethermaleffluentlimit.BasedonareviewoftheFES,AppendixBTechnical Specifications, thecurrentNPDESPermitfortheCookNuclearPlant,and10CFR51requirements noenvironmental assessment (EA)orenvironmental impactstatement (EIS)isrequired.
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| EAsorEISsarenotrequiredforanyactionincludedinthelistofcategorical exclusions'et forthin10CFR51.22(c).
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| Specifically, 10CFR5'.22(c)(a),
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| providesthatanEAisnotrequired;or theissuanceofanamendment providedthat:Qitheamondment involvesnosignificant hazardsconsideration, thereisnosignificant changeinthetypesorsignificant increaseintheamountsofanyeffluents thatmaybereleasedoffsite,and(iu)thereisnosignificant increaseinindividual orcumulative occupational radiation exposure.
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| Plantradiation protection featuresaredesignedtolimittheradiation exposuretoplantpersonnel andthegenera)publicto10CFR20limitsundernormalconditions.
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| Nlhilecertainisotopesarepresentingreaterconcentration lnthefuolgapduetotheupratedpowerlevol,thoactualincreases inoccupational doseareexpectedtobominimal.Thefuelhasbeendesignedtooperateatthehigherp'urerlevelwithoutanydamage,whichwouldnegateanyincreases Inradioactivity trappedwithinanintactfuelrod.Also,ourtechnical specifications limittheconcentration ofradioactivity viithinthereactorcoolantsystem(seeTechnical Specification 3.4.8),Nevertheless, acddentoffsitodoseshavebeenrecalcu;ated basedontheupratedsourcetermandotheranalysisassumptions usedintheUpratingProgram.Insomecases,theresulting thyroidoffsitedoseconsequence's increaseslightlyabovethevaluespresently intheUFSAR..Thenewcalculated wholebc'ydoseseitherromainthesameastheUFSARvaiuosordecrease~orbothtypesofcalculations, tnechangesinthooffsiteradiation doseforeachaccidentarenotsignificant andarewithintheacceptance criteriaasdefinedin10CFR100.Sincesystemsandprocedures controlling normalradioactive releasesarebasedonlimitingplantffluentstoasmallfractionofregulatory limits,theproposedupratingofUnit2willnotexceed10CFR20or10CForCR100limits.Basodonthisinformation, therewIIIbonosignificant increaseinthetypesoramountsofeffluerits thatmaybereleasedoffsiteandnosignificant increaseinindividual orcumulative occupational radiation exposure.
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| AEPNObelievesthattheprovisions of10CFR51.22(c}(e}
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| areapplicable tothispowerincrease.
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| Forreasonsdescnbedin thesubmittal, AEPNObelievesthethreecriteriaof10CFR5122(c)(9) aresatisfied.
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| Thereforo, thisTechnical Specification amendment shouldbeconsidered underthe"categorical exclusions" provision of10CFR5122(c)(9).
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| Page6Environmental Evaluation U-2UpratePerAEP:NRC,.1223Theenviranmenta,'impacts atthohighorpowerlevelaboundedbytheimpactsassumedinthoexistingFESandcontrollod bythoMichiganDepartment ofEnvironmental QualitythroughtheNPDESPermitprogram,aridRule98oftheMichiganQualityStandards.
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| AcopyoftheDemonstration ofAcceptability ofincreased HeatAddition, whichwassubmitted aspartofthecompliance requirements bytheMDNRandEPA,isalsoincludedwiththispackageforreviewatAttachment C.Thissubmittal shouldassisttheNRCinmakingafindingofnosignificant impact"inaccordanco with10CFR51.32.References 1.2.3.4.Unit1and2Technical Specifications, AppendixB.NPDESPermitNo.MI0005827, June28,1995FinalEnvironmental Statement, August197310CFR51.22.(c),
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| 10CFR51.32I/Approvedby:D.H.Malin,SectionManagerNuclearLicensing andFuelsAttachments c:S.J.BrewerD.M.Fitzgerald M.A.Ackerman 0
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| APPENDIXIIIHERBICIDE APPLICATION REPORT1996 ANKRlC'ANKLKCfRICPQWfRDateMarch26,1997subject1996Herbicide SprayReport-CookNuclearPlantW(FromE.C.MallenToJ.P.CarlsonThefollowing herbicides wereappliedonCookNuclearPlantpropertyduring1996.Round-upProOust.Preen.Weed-B-Gon FromJuly24-29,1996,amixtureofRound-upProandOustwasusedfortotalplantcontrolintheswitchyards,railroadright-of-way, aroundbuildings, parkinglots,thesewageandabsorption ponds,andwithintheplant'sprotected area.Theapplication wasperformed byDeAngeloBrothers, alicensedherbicide applicator oncontracttotheAEPWesternDivision.
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| OnSeptember 3,1996,themortality ofthisherbicide application wasassessedat80-90%.TheareasaroundtheOilBuildingandthePM&ISSteelYardwereassessedat15%effective.
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| Thefenceopeningbetweenthe34SKVand765KVyardsindicated noapplication hadoccurredinthisarea.Theeffectonsmall((3')saplingswasminimalandthesearequitenumerousinthe76SKVyard.Theprotected areahadaveryhighmortality, withonlyafewplantsnotedinthemicrowave zone.OnAugust8,9,and22,1996PreenwasusedforweedcontrolinplantingbedsaroundtheNorthGuardhouse
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| : entrance, TrainingBuilding, andVisitor's ParkingLot.Theherbicide wasappliedbyalicensedapplicator fromtheMaintenance ANRBuildings
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| &GroundsCrew.Theherbicide was80-90%effective andcontrolled weedsintheplantingbedscuttingbackonweedingtime.OnJuly18,26,31andAugust1,27,28,and29,1996Weed-B-Gon wasusedforweedcontrolonthelawnsaroundtheplantsite..lie herbicide wasappliedbyalicensedapplicator fromtheMaintenance ANRBuildings
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| &GroundsCrew.Theherbicide was20-30%effective incontrolling weedsinthePlant'slawns.Thereasonforthislowefficacywasthattheherbicide wasappliedinsummerasopposedtoearlyspring.Insummary,baseduponourreviewoftheapplication records,manufacturer specifications, materialsafetydatasheets(MSDSs)andobservations ofthetreatedareas,theherbicides wereappliedaccording tothemanufacturer's labeledinstructions andaccording toFederalandStaterequirements.
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| Acertified applicator wasusedasrequired.
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| ~Nosignsofoversprayorspillagewereobservedornoted.Noadverseenvironmental effectsoccurred.
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| Attao."=en:
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| 2~Yi(KEYRound-upProOust~Jwii~s'fA'sgq>>rfg,>~'e~~~~r~~"Qf'IIjI'''.','0Irg>sWPreentNeed-B-Con P~O,r~r~W~rrrl6r,It/@..IfIt@"P:~P)(~~~oo9'~~~~~~Page1of6Rov<cfnnA 0
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| Attachment
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| !,8''age2of6Revision0 PNP'(60H:."..3cAttachment STEELYARO"page3Pf6Re;ision0
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| -'i60HEg.pp<"-"-acnnent 2CES~6)4QRMBPage40"e<$sinn
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| ?.'P'.o0HER.CO.Attachment 2~~~~OILB"RN-'XSS!TCHYARDpageSof6Revision0 12P.'tP'160:>>::-R.CO!
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| Actachmenc iIII/~//j1/II~~Page6of6Revision0 APPENDIXXVMOLLUSCBXOFOULXNG MONXTORXNG 1996
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| CookNuclearPlant1996ZebraMusselMonitoring andControlRessortZ~1ODUCTION Theplant'szebramusselmonitoring andcontrolprogramispresented inthefollowinreport.Chlorine, molluscicides, mechanical
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| : cleaning, andchanesinlantdes'emain thezebramusselcontrolstrategattheCookPltoassessthethreatofzereaozebramusselinfestation anddetermine theeffectiveness oftopresentachallenetotheplantcontroltechniques.
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| Zebramusselswhichsloughfromthe'k'einaepipeinescontinuegeoescreenwash andtraveling screensystem,servicewaterumstrainers, plantcondensers, andthemiscellaneous sealinandco1'lantisworkinaressivelseaingancooingwatersystem.TheIgggiveyondesignchangestoalleviate thesezebramusselrelatedERADICATION ANDCONTROLMEASURESThe1996controlstrategyconsisted oftheusechlorination oftheservicewater,miscellaneous circulating watersystems,andmechanical cleaning.
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| zebramusselrelatedproblems'const'tuted alareeffortsin1996.argeofcontinuous andintermittent sealingandcoolingwater,andPlantdesignchangestomitigateportionofzebramusselcont,rolMECHANICAL CLEANINGbaswaserformMechanical cleaningoftheUnit2intakeforebayandUni2iYpeormedbydiversduringtheUnit2refueling outageinnitessentalmaincondenser inlett'~nnelwasinspected andcleanedduringtheoutage.Cleaningandflushingofsmallborepipingandstrainers insystemsandlowvolumewatersystemswascontinued in1996.Allthreeintakecribswerecleanedinthefallof1996tominimizeintakesondivingducks.Intakecribcleaninghasbeenaneffective duckentrainment intotheplant.MOLLUSCZCZDE TREATMENT RESULTSservicewaterpump1996.TheUnit2Unit2retueling theservicewatertheimpactofthemeanstomitigateTherewerenoproprietary molluscicide treatments in1996.CHLORINATION TREATMENT RESULTSAvendorsuliedchservicewaterandmiscellaneous pp'orination systemwasagainusedtocontinuously hl'hcorinaetecorinatethecirculatin waterssussealingandcoolingwatersystems,andintermitt tlgytern.Continuous chlorination oftheservicewatereny0.3to0.6mend-of-iesysemsanthemisceilaneous sealingandcoolingwatersystemttaaargeteerateoffdzeramusselsinthesesystems.'p
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| -o-pperesidua',
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| waseffective incontrolling thesettltfemenoCorrosion couponmonitorin studieshahavebegunt",indicatecorrosion ofyellowmetalsmis.yr.)andmildsteel(8.6mils./r../y.)intheservicewatersystems.daveno0serveactualcorrosion indication inengineering inspectio tate.Theplantscorrosion p'onrateobjectives fortheservicewatersystemsare<0.2nsoms./yr.foryellowmetalsand<5mils./yr.
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| formildsteel.Intermittent chlorination ofthecirculating watersystemt0.2f155y'dshortened to60minutesperdayinJunethruearlyDecemberwaseffective a.ppmorminutesperinminimizing slimegrowthinthemainandfeedpumpcondensers.
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| Thenon-essent'ervice watersystemwascross-connected tothemiscellaneous seainem1sceaneousseal1ngandcoo11gaterreatesystem.Thoughthemiscellaneous sealingandcoolinconnect'ater systemwascontinuously chlorinated viathenon-esst'on-essentia servicewatercross-gthesmallboreiction,thesystemstillexperienced someblockagebiltdh1ysanse1fragments instrainers.
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| Thepipingdownstream of.themiscellaneous sealingandco1'herehas.beenanoticeable reduction infrequency ofsmallboreiinoingwaerpumpblockagesincethesystemwasfirstcontinuously chlorinated dspawningseasonin1995.cornateuringthezebramussel,Zveebi0~acI~tm~us1eisc01tI~nFOULINGFROMTHEINTAKEPIPELINES Zebramusselscontinuetosloughfromtheintakepipelines especially whenflowvelocities andpatternsarechangedbycyclingthecenterintakegatevalveWMO-30and
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| circulating waterpumps.Thisoperation presentsachallenge tothetraveling screensandscreenwash systemintheirabilityto'handletheinfluxofzebramusselssloughing offfromtheintaketunnels.Any"carryover thatoccurs,mustbehandledbytheservicewaterpumpstrainers orisimpingedonthecondenser tubesheets.Thecontinuous operation ofthetraveling screenscontributed toalargedivermaintenance effortin1996.DESIGNCHANGESTraveling ScreensModifications ofthetraveling screenspraywash syternbegunin1995fromasingletoadualsprayheaderwithimprovednozzledesignwascompleted in1996underPM-873.Thedualsprayheaderreturnpipingwasroutedtothetraveling screentrashtroughtofacilitate flushingofthesprayheadersandnozzles.Inadditiontothesprayheaderandspraynozzlechanges,thescreenpanelsontraveling screen2-OME-43-7 werereplacedwithaflatterstainless steelwiremesh.Theimproveddesigneffectively removedthedebrisfromthetraveling screens.Theoldgalvanized dippedscreenpanelsaresystematically beingreplacedontheremaining traveling screenunitsbythestainless steelpanelsastheoldpanelswearout.Acomponent evaluation, CE-95-0345, performed onthenorthscreenwash pumpstrainerinAugustof1996,reducedthestrainermeshsizefrom1/8"to5/64"topreventthetraveling screenwash nozzlesfromplugging.
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| Miscellaneous Sealing&CoolingWaterPumpStrainerandFilterUpgradeInthefallof1996,the2"miscellaneous sealingacoolingwaterpumpstrainers werereplacedwith4"Haywardselfcleaningstrainers.
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| Inaddition, twoOntarioHydroIndustries 40micronfilterswereinstalled toruninparallel.
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| Thenewfilterswillbecomeoperational in1997whenthefilterbackwashroutingcanbechangedfromthescreenwash pumpstainerbackwashlinestothe30"turbineroomsumpoverflowlinetotheintakeforebay.ChemicalInjection PipelineAdesignhasbeenissuedunderDCP-108forinstallation oftwochemicalinjection pipelinesystemstoberunthroughthecenterintaketunnelandbranching atthecenterintakecribtothenorthandsouthintakecribs.Thisdesignisscheduled'o beinstalled inMay1997.Chemicals willbedelivered outtotheintakecribseffectively controlling zebramusselcolonization intheintakepipelines.
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| CONCLUSION Fortheforeseeable future,proprietary molluscicides willcontinuetobeusedforzebramusselcontrol.Mechanical cleaningcansupplement chemicalcontrolmethodsinthecirculating watersystem.Plantdesignchangesincluding strainers, filters,screens,andchemicaldeliverysystems,willworktoresolvetheplantszebramusselrelatedproblems.
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| Continuous chlorination hasproventobeeffective incontro~~ing zebramusselsintheservicewaterandthemiscellaneous sealingacoolingwatersystems.Corrosion couponstudiesintheservicewatersystemshaveshownthatalternatives tochlorineshouldbesoughttominimizecorrosion.
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| Azebramusselmonitoring programutilizing side-stream andarti,ficial substrate
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| : monitors, alongwithdiverandheatexchanger inspections, willcontinuetobeusedtoevaluatetheeffectiveness ofchemicalandphysicalcontrolmeasures.
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| 2
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| PreparedforAMERICANELECTRICPOWERDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantOneCookPlaceBridgman, MichiganbIOI.LUSCBIOFOULING MONITORING DURINGl996March1997LMSE-97/0091&673/003 Preparedby:LAWLER,MATUSKY&SKELLYENGINEERS LLPEnvironmental Science&Engineering Consultants 10207LucasRoad%oodstock, Illinois60098 TABLEOFCONTENTSLISTOFFIGURESLISTOFTABLESEXECUTIVE SUMMARY1INTRODUCTION PageNo.nIES-11.1PastHistory1.2Objectives 2METHODS2.1Whole-Water Sampling2.2Artificial Substrates 2-12-12-22.2.1PeriodicSettlement 2.2.2Cumulative Settlement 2.2.3PeriodicandCumulative SampleAnalysis2.3QualityAssurance
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| /QualityControl3RESULT~ANDDISCUSSION 2-22-32-32-43-13.1Whole-Water Sampling3.2Artificial Substrate Sampling3-13-23.2.1Circulating WaterSystem3-23.2.2ServiceandMiscellaneous SealingandCoolingWaterSystems3-33.3QualityAssurance
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| /QualityControlSamples4SUMMARYANDRECOMMENDATIONS 3-84-14.1Summary4.2Recommendations 4.3References 4-14-24-3Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers LLP LISTOFFIGE!LESTableNo.TitleFollowing Page3-1WholeWaterSamplingProgramVeligersPerCubicMeter,D.C.Cook,19963-1A3-2A'rtificial Substrate Settlement-Forebay NumbersPerSquareMeter,D.C.Cook,19963-2A3-3Artificial Substrate Settlement-Periodic Servic"WaterandMiscellaneous CoolingWaterSystemsPostveliger DensityPerSquareMeter,D.C.Cook,19963-3A3-4Wholewater VeligerDensityandPeriodicSettlement intheServiceWaterSystem,D.C.Cook,19963-4A3-5'Artificial Substrate Settlement-Cumulative ServiceWaterandMiscellaneous CoolingWaterSystemsPostveliger DensityPerSquareMeter,D.C.Cook,19963-7ALawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers LLP
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| LISTOFTAI)LESTableNo.TitlePageNo.2-1SamplingScheduleforZebraMusselMonitoring, D.C.Cook,19962-1A3-1WholeWaterSamplingProgramVeligersPerCubicMeter,D.C.Cook,'996 3-183-2ZebraMusselDensity,AverageSize,andSizeRangeofSettledPostveligers fromPeriodicSampling, D.C.Cook,19963-283-3Chlorination DatafortheServiceWaterSystems,D.C.Cook,19963-483-4ZebraMusselDensity,AverageSize,andSizeRangeof'ettled Postveligers fromCumulative
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| : Sampling, D.C.Cook,19963-783-5ResultsofQA/QCSamples,D.C.Cook,19963-8AnlLawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers LLP EXECUTIVE SUMMARYBiofouling Studieshavebeenconducted attheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantsince1983.In1991,monitoring ofzebramusselsinthecirculating wat".r,essential servicewater(ESW),andnonessential servicewater(NESW)systemswasaddedtotheprogram.Theobjectives ofthismonitoring aretodetectthepresenceanddensityofzebramusselveligersinthecirculating watersystemandpostveliger settlement intheforebayandservicewatersystems.Veligerswerepresentintheforebayfrom9Maythrough12December1996.Peakdensities occurredon10Octoberand26September 1996,withthemajorpeakoccurring ontheOctoberdate(292,750/m
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| ).Secondary peakswereobservedon17.24and31October1996.Thisperiodofpeakabundance istypicalforthelowerGreatLakeswhichnormallyexperience peakdensities duringtheSeptember-October period.Settlement occurredintheforebayonallperiodicsamplingdatesin1996,except6Juneand25July.Sizeinformation indicates thatsettlement duringthe6Juneto11Julyperiodwaspartially composedoftranslocators.
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| Firstevidenceof1996spawnedpostveliger settlement wasobservedon20June.Heaviestsettlement occurredbetween5September and21Novemberwiththepeakoccurring between19September and31October.ThisistypicalforthelowerGreatLake."."adissimilartoresultsreportedforthe1992,1993,and1994monitoring pfograllls.
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| Therewerenoproprietary molluscicide treaunents in1996.Therefore, theobjective ofcomparing cumulative settlement intheforebayaftertreatment withthatoftheentireseasoncouldnotbemet.Settlement oflivepostveligers firstappearedontheartificial substrates setintheservicewatersystemsduringthelatterhalfofOctober.Observation oflocationofindividuals onslides,numberofhalfshells,nociliaorinternalmovement, andsizedataindicated thatresultsrecordedfromJunethroughthefirsthalfofOctoberreflected theeffectsofthecontinuous chlorination, i.e.,primarily deadorganisms wereen'.rained ontheslides.ES-1Lawler,NIatusky0SkellyEngineers LLp
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| Peakdensities ontheneriodicartific!al substrates whichwereplacedontheservicewatersystemsoccurredduringthelatterhalfofOctoberforallservicewatersystems.Thisfollowedthepeakdensities inthewholewater samplesbyonetotwoweeks,asexpected.
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| Densities ofpostveligers onthecumulative artificial substrate sampleswerelowfrom23Maythrough22AugustandpeakedatESWR-I,ESWR-2,andthemiscellaneous sealingandcoolingwatersystemsduringthelatterhalfofOctober.ThehighestdensityreportedforNESWoccurredon12December.
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| Severalunexpected observations weremadeduringthe1996samplingseason.Theseincludes:
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| ~Veligerswerepresentinthewholewater samplesthrough12December.
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| Sizedataforartificial substrate samples(bothperiodicandcumulative) indicated thatsmallpostveligers werepresentthrough12Decemberandthatthesespecimens werealieneonthesubstrates collected ontheNovemberandDecembersamplingdates.Anumberofpossibleexplanations arepresented fortheseobs.rvations.
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| Nooneexplanation byitselfisconsidered tobetheanswer;butrathersomecombination oftnesefactorsisthoughttoberesponsible fortheunexpected results.Thesepossibleexplanations include:oTheabnormally warmlakewater,asmeasuredatthe,intake,duringOctober(particularly thelatterhalfofthemonth)mostlikelyextendedthepeakspawnin"seasonforzeuramusselsuntilthefirstpartofNovember.
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| Theefficacyofthechlorinemayhavebeenreducedbythecombination ofcolderwaterandhighpHduringNovemberand/orthepossiblepresenceofchloramines inthesystem.Zebramusselmetabolic ratessloweddownwiththedecreaseinwatertemperature duringNovember; therefore, theywerenotassusceptible tochlorineasduringthewarmerweathermonths.Resultsmayreflectpresenceofquaggamusselsinthevicinityoftheoffshore.
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| intake.Theserelatives ofzebramusselscontinuetospawnatmuchcolderwatertemperatures thanzebramusselsandareknowntobepresentintheGreatLakes.ES-2Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers LLp
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| CHAPTERIINTRODUCTION 1.1PASTHISTORYAmericanElectricPowerCompany(AEP)hasbeenconducting zebramusselmonitoring studiesattheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantsince1991.Thepurposeofthestudiesistomonitorthepresenceofzebramusselveligerandpostveliger settlement densities inthecirculating water,essential servicewater(ESW),andnonessential servicewater(NESW)systemstohelpdetermine theeffectiveness ofzebramusselcontrolprograms.
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| The1996monitoring programconducted byLawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers LLp(LMS)wasdesignedtodetectthetimingofspawningandsenlingofzebramusselsattheCookNuclearPlantandtocollectanddetermine densities for:(1)wholewater samplesforplanktonic veligers; and(2)artificial substrates setwithinthecirculating water,ESW,NESW,andmiscellaneous sealingandcoolingsystemsforperiodicandcumulative postveliger settlement.
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| 1.2OMECTIVES Specificobje~...es forthe1996biofouling monitoring programwereasfollows:Whole-water samplingofthecirculating watersystemwasconducted weekly(June-October),
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| bimonthly (MayandNovember),
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| ormonthly(April'nd December) todetermine thepresenceanddensityoflarvalzebramussels.Artificial substrates weredeployedintheintakeforebayandservicewatersystemstodetectsettlement ofpost-veligers.
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| Sampleswerecollected everytwoweeksfromJunethroughOctoberandonceeverythreeweeksduringNovemberandDecember.
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| Lawler,NIatusky&SkellyEngineerLLp 1
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| CHAPTER2METHODS2.1WHOLE-WATER SAMPLINGWhole-water samplingofthecirculating watersystemwasconducted from25Aprilto12December1996according totheschedulepresented inTable2-1.Sampleswerecollected frommid-depth intheintakeforebaybypumpjnglakewaterthroughanin-lineflowmeter intoaplanktonnet.Thesamplinglocationwasconsistent withthatofpreviousstudies.Tworeplicates (2000literseach)werecollected duringeachsamplingevent.AMyersModel2JF-51-8wellpump,ratedtodeliver8gpm,wasconnected toanin-lineflowmeter assembly(SignetModelil'P58640) andpumpedwaterintoaplanktonnetforapproximately 45minutes.Tominimizeorganismabrasion, measuredflowwasdirectedintoaNo.20planktonnetthatwassuspended inapartially filled55-galplasticbarrel.Valveswereadjustedtoreduceflow,thuspreventing theplanktonnetfromoverflowing whenheavysedimentloadsorplanktonconcentrations werepresent.Sampleswerewasheddowngentlyintothecod-endbucketusingfiltered, circulating watersystemwatera<<uthentransferred intoa1literplasticjar.Ifneeded,filteredwaterwasaddedtothejartoensurethatafullliterwasanalyzed.
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| Afterthesecondreplicate wastaken,bothsamplesweretransported totheon-sitelaboratory andanalyzedimmediately.
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| Sampleswereinitially mixedthoroughly for3minutesusingamagneticstirplate.Then,usingacalibrated disposable Pasteurpipette,a1-mlaliquotofmixedsamplewasplacedintoaSedgewick-Rafter cellforcounting, usinganOlympusSZ-1145binocular microscope (18-110X) equippedwithcross-polarizing filters.Tenreplicates werecounted,andtheaveragewasextrapolated todetermine thenumberofindividuals percubicmeter.Thisprocesswasrepeatedforthesecondreplicate andthemeanofthetwovalueswascalculated toyieldafinaldensityvalue.Thedensitywascalculated asfollows.2-1Lawler,NIatusky&SkellyEngineers LLp C
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| TABLE2-1SAMPLINGSCHEDULEFORZEBRAMUSSELMONITORING, D.C.COOK,1996DATEWHOLEWATER ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE PERIODICCUMULATIVE AprilMayAugustOctober25923June6132027July311182518152229September 5121926310172431November721December12XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX,XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX.2-1A
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| Density(0'im')=(averageO'*DF)/0.001L*IL/2000L*1000L/mSizemeasurements wererecordedforupto50organisms fromeachsample.Veligerlength(pm)wasmeasuredusinganocularmicrometer thatwascalibrated toastagemicrometer.
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| 2.2ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATES Todetermine zebramusselsettlement inthecirculating water,ESW,andNESWsystems,artificial substrates wereplacedintheintakeforebayupstreamofthetrashracks;sidestream samplersweresetonthereturnsideofbothservicewatersystemsandonthemiscellaneous sealingandcoolingsystem.Monitorswereequippedwithmodifiedtest-tube racksdesignedtoholdslidesforperiodicandcumulative sampling.
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| (Periodic settlement isdefinedasshort-termmonitoring, eithertwo-orthree-week periods,depending onthemonth.Cumulative settlement islong-term monitoring thatextendsfrominitialdeployment
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| [23May]totheendofthesamplingseason.)Bothperiodicandcumulative samplingdatesarepresented inTable2-1.2.2.1PeriodicSettlement Artificial st-'"ates thatweredesignedtomeasureperiodicsettlement wereplacedintheintakeforebayandconsisted ofcinderblocks withtest-tube rackssecuredinsidetheopenings,.
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| Periodicsamplersweredeployedbyropeinthecentrallocationatapproximately mid-depth.
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| Sidestream monitorswereplacedonthereturnsideoftheservicewatersystems(ESWandNESW)andthemiscellaneous sealingandcoolingwatersystem.Eachmonitorcontained twomodifiedtest-tube racksthatheldallslidesabovethemonitorbase.Thisallowedsiltandsedimenttofalloutbeforetheycouldinfluence postveliger settlement.
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| Monitorswerecovered4withaplant-approved fireproof fabrictolimitlightexposure.
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| Plantpersonnel checkedthemonitorsperiodically toensurethatadequateflowwasavailable, andflowwasadjustedasnecessary.
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| Oneachsamplingdate10slidesfromeachlocationwereretrieved andreplacedwithcleanslides.Thesewerelabeledasperiodicsettlement.
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| Slideswereplacedinlabeled2-212Lawler,MatuskyASkellyEngineers LLP 0
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| racks,covered,withaplasticbag,andtransported totheon-sitelaboratory wheretheywereanalyzedimmediately.
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| 2.2.2Cumulative Settlement Asufficient numberofsubstrates wereinitially placedinthebioboxsamplerstoallow10slidestoberemovedoncepermonthattheservicewaterandmiscellaneous sealingandcoolingwaterlocations.
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| Theseslideswerenotreplaced.
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| Cumulative settlement wasmonitored intheforebayusingtwopiecesofPVCpipethatwereeachsixincheslongandhadaninsidediameteroftwoinches.Eachpipewascutinhalflengthwise, rejoinedusinghoseclamps,andattachedtoaropeatintervals ofaboutthreefeet.Theseweredeployedatthecentrallocationatmid-depth.
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| OnesamplerwasintendedtobeexposedtoClamTrolCT-2andtheotherwasnottobeexposedtothetoxicantduringtheClamtroltreatment.
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| Cumulative monitoring wasdesignedtoprovideinformation onaccumulated infestation throughout thegrowingseason.Therewerenoproprietar'y molluscide treatments in1996.2.2.3Periodicand'umulative SampleAnalysis~~~Analysiswasconducted withanOlympusSZ-1145binocular microscope (18-110X) equippedwithcross-p".larizing filters.Afteronesideoftheslidewasscrapedclean,theslidewasplacedonthemicroscope sothattheattachedpostveligers couldbecounted.Whens..becheheavilyinfested, asubsampling technique wasfollowed:
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| Theslidesweresubsampled usingasplitterthatpermitted eitherhalforaquarteroftheslidetobecounted.Countswerethenproportionally extrapolated toonesquaremeter.Settlement rateswerecomputedbytakingtheaveragevalueofthe10slidesandmultiplying thisvalueby533.34toobtainthedensityofzebramusselspersquaremeter."(Onepostveliger/microscope slideequals533.34veii~erspersquaremeter.)2-3Lawler,Matusky8'kellyEngineers LLP
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| Shelldiameters weremeasuredforupto50selectedandrandomindividuals forbothunsubsampled andsubsampled slidestoobtainmaximum,minimum,andmeansizes.Diameters weremeasuredusinganocularmicrometer calibrated toastagemicrometer.
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| 2.3QUALITYASSURANCE
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| /QUALITYCONTROLAtotalofthreesamplingdateswerereanalyzed byMr.JeffreyMensinger (whoconducted thiszebramusselmonitoring programforLMSduringtheperiod1992through1994}forprecision andaccuracyofthecountingprocedures.
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| Sampleswereshippedtoanoff-sitelaboratory andanalyzedusingthesameprocedures astheoriginalanalysis.
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| Datesreanalyzed included27June,31October,and12December1996.Oneliterofwholewater andoneslidefromeachsamplingsite(bothcumulative andperiodicartificial substrates) werereinspected.
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| 24Lawler,MatuskyScSkellyEngineers LLp
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| CHAPTER3RESULTSANDDISCUSSION 3.1WHOLE-WATER SAMPLINGSamplingofplanktonic veligersinthecirculating watersystemwasinitiated on25April1996andcompleted on12December1996.Fifty-six samplesweretal'en(twopersamplingdate)fromthestation's intakeforebay.Themonitoring systemperformed uptoexpectations.
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| Thecontinued useofanelectronic flowmeter provideddatacomparable tothoseofthe1993,1994,and1995monitoring programs.
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| Asaresult,directcomparisons withthosedatacanbemade.Resultsofsamplingarepresented inFigure3-1andTable3-1.Withtheexception ofthe25Aprilsamplingdate,veligerswerepresentinallsamplescollected.
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| Themajordensitypeakwasobservedon10October(292,750/m
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| ).Lesserpeaksofabuiidance occurredon26September (92,250/m
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| ),17October(57,250/m
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| ),24October(53,450/m
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| ),and31October(55,650/m3).
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| Aswasobservedinpreviousyears,veligerpresencethroughout themonitoring program(exceptforApril)suggeststhatsubstantial densities ofveligrsareinthewatercoltlŽnformorethansixmonthsoftheye~..Heaviestspawningactivityoccurredduringthemid-Ocl'.'i:liod.
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| Duringthesevenweeksfrommid-September throughtheendofOctober,meanveligerdensities wereapproximately 85,280/m, whichwasabout84,000/mgreaterthanthesameperiodin1995andsimilartodensities recordedin1994.In1993and1995,thepeakabundances wererecordedduringthissevenweekperiod;whilein1994,peakabundance occurredatypically inJune.ThelateSeptember-October periodofpeakabundance ismoretypical-forthelowerGreatLakes(O'eil,personalcommunication).
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| ItisthoughtthattheJune1994peakwasmoretheresultofunusually hotweatherthatoccurredturingthefirsttwoweeksofJunethanenvironmental differences betweentheearlyfallperiodsamongsttheyearsofrecord.3-1Lawler,Matusky4SkellyEngineers LLP FIGURE3-1WHOLE-WATER SAMPLINGPROGRAMVELIGERSPERCUBICMETER,D.C.COOK,1996292)750104470)rD7Oo1O.0ZApr25May23Jun1Nov2SAMPLINGDATE13Jun27Jul11Jul25Aug8Aug22Sep5Sep19Ocl3Ocl17~31May9Jun6Jun20Jul3Jul18Aug1Aug15Aug29Sap12Sep26Ocl10Ocl24Ncy7 0
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| TABLE3-1WHOLEWATERSAMPLINGPROGRAMVELIGEP.S PERCUBICMETER,D.C.COOK,1996DATEDENSITY(No./m3)SIZERANGE(pm)MEANSIZE(pm)4/25/965/09/965/23/966/06/966/13/966/20/966/27/967/03/967/11/967/18/967/25/968/01/968/08/968/15/968/22/968/29/969/05/969/12/969/19/969/26/9610/03/9610/10/9610/17/9610/24/9610/31/9611/07/9611/21/9612/12/9601501,1752501,375500253,6256251,95017,0006,3251,7009,67515,9259755,9758,27535,42596,2506,200292,75057,25053,45055,65017,4754,600925100-16075-625120-50080-13090-33012590-320100-15090-13090-18090-200100-23090-330100-330100-260'0-230100-26090-300100-300100-39090-33090-330100-400100-430130-330100-560100-560130118213100140125105114103110'142193138158174150I/4144165189197219216202216232363
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| Sizedataforthe1996samplingseasonshowsthattranslocators wereactiveintheforebayon23Mayand6June.Spawningcommenced between25Apriland9Mayandcontinued throughthemiddleofDecemberasindicated bythelowerportionofthesizerangedata.Sizerangedataalsoshowthattranslocators werepresentinthewatercolumnfrom23Maythrough6Jurebutthenwereabsentfromthesamplesfortheremainder ofthesamplingseason.Onmostotherdata,theupperendofthesizerangeexceededthesizeofsettlement (200-225pm) andwasinorexceededthisrangeoneverysamplingdatefrom1Augustthrough12December.
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| However,meansizedidnotapproachthissettlement sizerangeuntilOctober.Insummary,zebramusselveligerswerepresentinthewatercolumnonallsamplingdatesexcept25April.Spawningcommenced between25Apriland9Mayandcontinued throughmid-December.
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| Peakveligerdensities occurredduringthesevenweekperiodfrommid-September totheendofOctoberwhichistypicalforthelowerGreatLakesandhasbeenreportedattheCookPlantforthreeofthelastfouryears(1993,1995,and1996).3.2ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE SAMPLING3.2.1Circulating WaterSystemArtificial substrate monitoring wasconducted atthecenterforebaylocation(whichisprotected byadeflector
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| -"11):;om23Mayto12December1996.Periodicsettlement r;.',arthecirculating watersystem(forebay) areshowninFigure3-2.Table3-2providesdensityandsizeinformation forsettledpostveligers.
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| Settlement intheforebayoccurredonallperiodicsamplingdatesin1996except6Juneand25July.Densityinformation presented inTable3-2indicates thatsettlement waslowfrom6Junethrough5September (0-8600lmz).
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| Severaltranslocators settledonthesubstrates duringthe6"Juneto11Julyperiod.Firstevidenceofsettlement of1996spawnedzebramusselswasobservedon20June.Heaviestsettlement occurredbetween5September and21Novemberwiththepeakoccurring duringthe3Octoberto17Octoberperiod.ThisistypicalforthelowerGreatLakesandisconsistent withresultsreportedforthe1992,1993,and19943-2Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers LLp
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| FIGURE3-2ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE SETTLEMENT-FOREBAY NUMBERSPERSQUAREMETER,DCCOOK,1996*~14E18U80tDCL0ZJun6Jul11Aug8Sep5Jun20JUI25Aug22Sop19SAMPLINGDATEOct3Oct17Oct31Nov21Dec12
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| TABLE3-2ZEBRAMUSSELDENSITY,AVERAGESIZE, ANDSIZERANGEOFSETTLEDPOSTVELIGERS FROMPERIODICSAMPLING, D.C.COOK,1996PERIODICSAMPLESDATEFOREBAYAvg.DensitySizeRange(No/.m)(rm)Qm)Dense(Norm)NESWAvg.SizeRangeQm)(pm)Dense(Norm)MS&,CAvg.SizeRangeQm)Qm)ESWR-1Avg.Dens/SizeRange(NoJm)(rm)Dense(No./m)ESWR-2Avg.SizeRange(pm)gm)6/06/966/20/967/11/961'25/968/08/968/22i969/05/969/19/9610/03/9610/17/9610/31/9611/21/9612/12/969,6003.20064074746,45364,533158,61370,56025,8672,880193415140-260140-1,475 2512451$43902$M302004303951~802742004608&400180400200-46029126M401,6001,60027204,2535,60031,6801,7075,173120-180100-1602673731251M-1603,520175249140-2001M.2801304606,3472,2"013O3301991304004,0001,173310100-7602071M-26012,053130130130130238200430126100-16011690-230271167140-200199100-260148100430235100460223lOM302301Eh%0531,6001604803733,147-1,1735,92020,4801,813989O-1OO117100-130117100-130137100-170193100-23022110O440239.180300268160-36023310040021010O4301602077472,0802.5609,2804,9602.7205,387120120126100.160124100-160153100.200212100-260192100~0226100-500194100-330386200-1.050 3372004304Onetranslocator at4620(rm)notinlcluded.
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| monitoring programs(LMS1993,1994,1995),butlaterthan1995whensettlement intheforebaypeakedbetween13Julyand17September (GLEC1996).Similarto1994and1995results,verylittlesettlement occurredduringthelateNovembertomid-December period.Basedonsizedata,themajorityofthoseindividuals settlingduringthisperiodwerepostveligers whoseaveragesizerangedfrom283to290pm.TwosixinchlongpiecesofPVC(ID2in.)weresuspended intheforebaytomonitorcumulative settlement.
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| Theobjective ofthisprogramelementistocomparethepostClamtroltreatment settlement tothatoftheentiresamplingseason.Datacollected inpreviousyearsindicates thatmuchoftheannualsettlement occursafterthetreatment.
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| Thisprogramobjective wasnotmetin1996becausemolluscicide treatment wasnotadministered andthesampleswerelost.3.2.2ServiceandMiscellaneous SealingandCoolingWaterSystemsThereturnsidesoftheESWandNESWsystemsweremonitored during1996.TheESWsystemsofbothUnits1and2weremonitored throughout thesamplingperiod;butonlytheUnit1NESWsystemwassampledin1996.Asidestrewbioboxmonitorwasalsoplacedonthemiscellaneous sealingandcoolingwatersystemwhichdrawsitswaterfromasourceseparatefrc::;thatoftheservicewatersystems.TheESW,NESW,andmiscellaneous sealingandcoolingwatersystemswerescheduled forchlorination frommid-Maytt.u..ndofNovember.
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| Periodicsettlement densities fortheservicewatersystemsanddiemiscellaneous sealingand'oolingwatersystemareshowninTable3-2andFibre3-3:Settlement occurredinlowdensities atNESWR-l,ESWR-l,andmiscellaneous sealingandcoolingwatersystemonthefirstretrieval date(6June),butdidnotappearonartificial substrates setatESWR-2until11July.Densityandsizeinformation (Table3-2)showsthatsettlement wassparseatalllocations duringJunewithdensities rangingfrom0to160U/mz.Sizedataindicatethatmostpostveligers collected inJunewerespawnedduringMay,withseveraltranslocators alsoappearing onthesubstrates.
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| 3-3Lawler,MatuskyBcSkellyEngineers LLP
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| FIGURE3-3ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE SETTLEMENT-PERIODIC SERVICEMfATERANDMISCELLANEOUS COOLINGIfATERSYSTEMSPOSTVELIGER DENSITYPERSQUAREMETER,D.C.COOK'f99631,68020>480h~hhhhhhhhihh'hhhtESWR-1NESWMS&CESWR-2Jun6Jun20Jul11Jul25Aug8Sep5Aug22Sep19SAMPLINGDATEOct17Oct31DNov21ec12 Figure3-4presentsthecomparison ofperiodicsettlement densities withthoseofwholewater veligersforthesamplingseason.Asexpected, thesedatashowthatperiodsofincreased'ettlement inthesystemsmonitored lagincreases inwholewater densities byaboutonetotwoweeks.Thisisparticularly evidentduringthemid-September toendofOctoberperiod.Becausetotalresidualchlorinedataarenotavailable forthelast,twoweeksofOctober,itcannotb:determined whetherthesettlement.
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| wastheresultofinsufficient availability ofchlorinetopreventsettlement.
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| Chlorinewasadministered continuously tothetreatedsystemsfortheentireseasonin1996.Totalresidualchlorinedatawerereportedonaweeklybasis(Table3-3).'1'herewereseveraloccasions duringtheseasonwhennodataareavailable.
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| Theseinclude18Julyand25and31October.TheOctoberdatescoincidewiththelanerpart.ofthepeakspawningperiodandinadequate chlorination mayberesponsible forthehighdensities recordedatbothNESW(31,680/m
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| )andESWR-1(20,480/m
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| )locations on31October.Conversely, lowerdensities wererecordedatmiscellaneous sealingandcoolingandESWR-2locations on31Octoberthanontheprevioussamplingdate(17October)whenpeaksettlement occurredatbothlocations.
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| Inspection ofthedischarge monitoring report(DMR)forOctoberindicates thatchlorination wascontinuously appliedtothesystemsfrom19through31October.Thissuggeststhateitherthedosagewaslowontheefficacyofthechlorinehadbeenreducedbycondition beyondthecontrolofplantstaff.TheESWsystemsarecrossconnected downstream oftheonechlorineinjection pointthatservesbothESWsystems.TheseparatechlorineinjectlocationthatservestheNESWsystemalsoservesthemiscellaneous sealingandcoolingsystem.Considering thesecrossconnections, thedataaresomewhatconfounding.
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| Onepossiblexplanation isthatchlorineisnotbeing.equallydistributed throughthecrossconnections.
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| Inspection oftheremainder ofthedataindicates thatsettlement wasprevented/controlled fromMaythroughthetifthofSeptember.
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| Then,asthepeakspawningoccurredandlargenumbersofpostveligers ofsenlement sizecameintothesystems,densities ontheperiodicartificial substrates increased untilthepeakswerereachedinth:latterhalfofOctober(whichcoincided 23Lawler,Matusky8cSkellyEngineers LLP
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| FIGURE3-4WHOLEWATERVELIGERDENSITYANDPERIODICSETTLEMENT INTHESERVICEWATERSYSTEM,D.C.COOK,1996E3NESWMSECmIESWR-1K3ESWR-2WholeWater250Q)EOS)OtDEOC150:">o~mC0)CIL0)6$100tD0~PxsApt25May23Jun13Jun27Jul11Jul25Aug8Aug22SeP5SeP19Oct3'ct17Oct31Nov21May9Jun6Jun20Jul3Jul18Aug1Aug15Aug29Sep12Sep26Oct10Oct24Nov7Dec12SAMPLINGDATE
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| TABLE3-3CHLORINATION DATAFORTHESERVICEWATERSYSTEMS,D.C.COOK,1996DATENESWppmUNITIESWppmMS&CppmUNIT2ESWppmMay17May23May30Jun6Jun13Jun21Jun27Jul3Jul11JUI25Aug1Aug8Aug15Aug22Aug29Sep5Sep12Sep24Sep27Oct2Oct10Oct17Nov6Nov21'ov280.490.220.510.480.290.820.300.760.500.090.480.390.270.250.470.410.280.010.040.080.520.530.470.890.650.470.780.380.020.30ND0.730.300.410.080.260.150.140.130.400.040.210.090.010.621.040.010.030.020.78ND'.06<0.01<0.010.130.710.580.380.850.140.290.470.290.310.600.550.010.030.421.110.080.650.020.880.670.110.930.240.400.31ND0.640.410.570.130.420.810.450.280.891.12.230.15ND0.580.920.010.850.050.60*ND-Nodata3-4B25 0
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| withlackofchlorination data).Sizedatashowthatthemeansizeofpostveligers onthesubstrates weregenerally belowthethreshold forsettlement until19September.
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| Inspection ofthesmallerindividuals thatwerecollected revealedthattheyweredeadwhichindicated thatthechlorinewaseffective.
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| ItwasnotuntilthelatterpartofOctoberthattrulysettled,liveindividuals wereobservedonthesubstrates.
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| Thesecontinued toappearonthesubstrates untiltheendofthesamplingseason.Forthefirsttimeinthismonitoring program,settlement ofpostveligers continued inallthesystemsthroughNovemberuntiltheprogramwasconcluded inmid-December.
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| Theobservation ofanincreaseindensityatthreeofthefourin-plantmonitoring locations between21Novemberand12Decemberwasunexpected.
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| Thisappearstobeacombination ofthedensities ofveligersintheintakewaterandtheefficiency ofthechlorineatcoolerwatertemperatures inwaterthattypically exhibitshighpH.Figure34presentsinformation showingwholewater veligerandperiodicsettlement densities forthesamplingseason.Wholewater densities continued tobeabove50,000/m~
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| untilthefirstweekofNovemberandremainedabove17,000/m~
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| through7November.
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| Theseveligerscontinued togrowandbecamepostveligers ofsettleable sizebythethirdweekofNovember.
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| Mostlikely,veligerswerepresentinthelakewaterafter21Novemberandthesethenwereincludedintheunexpected periodicdensities recordedon12December.
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| Wholewater densities recordedduringthe1993through1995programsfortheNovember-December samplingperiodswerelessthan1000/m3forsamplingconducted afte~~Nc.~mber.
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| Thissuggeststhatspawningcontinued intothelate'earlywinterperiodin1996.ThisisatypicalinthevicinityofD.C.CookPlantbasedonfouryearsofdata.Apreliminary reviewofchlorinechemistry indicates thatpHmayhaveagreaterinfluence drivingthereactionthantemperature asshowninthefollowing table.PercentHyperchlorous AcidinSolutionTemperature pH7.5pH8.05'C64.336.310'C33.03-5Lawler,Matusky&Skelly,Engineers LLP
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| 'L Activityratesofreactionareinfluenced bytemperature andthoseactivities areinfluenced bypH.Anydifference.
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| betweenyearsintemperature and/orpHwillmodifytheeffectiveness ofthechlorine.
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| Comparison ofdailywatertemperatures recordedontheDMR'sforthemonthsofOctober,November.
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| andDecemberfor1993through1996indicates thatintakewatertemperatures inOctober1996wereconsiderably warmerthanthepreviousthree,"ears, particularly duringthesecondhalfofthemonth.NovemberandDecember(first15days)meanintakewatertemperatures in1996weresimilartothoseof1993and1994butwarmerthanin1995.Ascanbeseeninthetablebelow,Decembermeanintakewatertemperatures recordedin1996werecoolerforthisperiodthaninboth1993and1994.MeanIntakeWaterTemperatures
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| 'FYear1993199419951996Oct(1-15) 59.856.760.163.4Oct(16-31) 56.755.655.159.8Nov49.048.145.8489Dec(1-15) 44.643.438.842.2+canintakewatertemperatures reflectlakeconditions whichweremoreconducive tozebramusselspawningduringbothhalvesofOctoberin1996thantheywereinthepreviousyears.However,thedataforbothNovemberandtheflrthalfofDecemberdonotsuggestthatintakewatertemperatures in1996wouldhavebeenconducive tocontinued spawningduringtheNovember-December period.Therefore, itisreasonable toconclude, thatthefavorable spawningtemperatures duringthesecondhalfofOctober1996wereatleastpartially responsible forthesettlement observedontheartificial substrates inbothNovemberandDecember.
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| Changesmayalsohaveoccurredinthewaterqualityconstituents thatusechlorineasanoxidant,e.g.,iron,manganese, andammonia.Ammoniaisparticularly important becauseitformschloramines withchlorine.
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| TheseoftenaremeasuredintheTRCreadingssuggesting thatthetargetisbeingmet.However,chloramines arenotasreactiveasfreechlorine(therefore, notaseffective) althoughtheyaremorepersistent inthewatercolumn.Inthecase3-6Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers LLp27 ofCookPlant,thiswouldreducetheeffectiveness becausetheflowthroughtheservicewatersystemsremainsrelatively rapid,thatis,itdoesnotremaininthesystemlongenoughforthechloramines tobeeffective.
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| Anotherpossibleexplanation fortheveligersandpostveliger senlement observedduringNovemberandDecemberisthattheindividuals wereearlylifestagesofquaggamussels(Dreissena bugensis),
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| arelativeofzebramussels.Quaggamusselstendtoinhabitdeeper,colderwatersandspawningisnotlimitedbycolderwatertemperatures.
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| Therefore, itisfeasiblethat,aslakewatertemperatures decreased duringNovemberandDecember, theseHmussels(ifpresent)continued tospawnandtheearlylifeformswerecollected.
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| Earlylifestagesofmuss'elsbelievedtobequaggamusselshavebeguntoappearduringcoldweathermonthsatothersamplingsitesalongtheGreatLakesduringthelast,twotothreeyears(L.RayTuttle,personalcommunication).
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| Itisplausible thatanadultpop!lation ofquaggamusselshasbecomeestablished inthevicinityoftheCookPlantintakeandhasreachedsufficient numberssuchthattheeffectsoftheirspawningisbeginning tobeobservedinthisproject.Asecondsetofdatawascollected fromeachoftheservicewatersystemsandmiscellaneous sealingandcoolingwatersystemforthepurposeofdetermining theeffectiveness ofchlorination duringtheentiresamplingseason.Thesecumulative densities andassociated sizeinformation:"-
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| ~resented inFigure3-5andTable3-4.Artificial substrates usedforcumulative analyseswereseton23Mayandsetsof10slideswereretrieve~
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| fromeachlocationatmonthlyintervals throughout thesampling'seasonbeginning on20June.Resultswereevaluated inconjunction withperiodicdatatobetterunderstand pcstveliger settlement inthesystems.Densitydataindicatethatfewpostveligers wereontheartificial substrates collected from20Junethrough22AugustatNESW,ESWR-2,andmiscellaneous sealingandcoolingsystems.Concentrations attheESWR-1locationwassomewhathigherthantheotherlocations duringthisperiod.Sizeinformation showsthat,withtheexception ofseveraltranslocators collected atthemiscellaneous sealingandcoolingwaterlocation, mostoftheindividuals ontheslidesatalllocations werebelowthethreshold sizeforsettlement.
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| Furthermore, thesespecimens 3-728Lawler,Matusky4SkellyEngineers LLp FIGURES-SARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE SETTLEMENT-CUlVlULATIVE SERVICEWATERANDMISCELLANEOUS COOLINGWATERSYSTEMSPOSTVELIGER DENSITYPERSQUAREMETER,D.C.COOK1996I1L6)1EQ)41GJtotDO.0ZJun20Jul25Aug22tk..Sep19SAMPLINGDATEOct17Nov21Dec12NESWMS8CESWR-2ESWR-1
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| TABLE3-4ZEBRAMUSSELDENSITY,AVERAGESIZE, ANDSIZERANGEOFSETTI.EDPOSTVELIGERS FROMCUMULATIVESAMPLING, D.C.COOK,I99tiCUMULATIVE SAMPLESDATENESWAvg.DensitySize(No./mz)(pm)Range(pm)Density(No./m)MS&CAvg.SizeRange(pm)(pm)ESWR-IAvg.DensitySize(No./m)(pm)Range(pm)Density(No./mz)ESWR-2Avg.SizeRange(pm)tpm)6/20/967/25/968/22/969/19/9610/17/9611/21/9612/12/96532302305872,9876,0803,52011390-160221100-300232100450387200-1,030 17,013425200-8001,9202,88015,8931,1732,98712190-39020310040021890<00380180-880314100-660373279170-4601,067155130-2002,13310390-1201,173119100-1602,667174100-2606,613246100-7001,120327160-6903,466376200-7305,2273,4671,6006,880199130-260246100-500.307160-460415200-8600373103100-120 0
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| exhibited nosignsoflite(beatingciliaandstomachmovement).
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| Thereasonable conclusion isthatthechlorinewasveryeffective throughout thesummer.Asthedensities ofveligersincreased inwholewater samplesduringthefall,densities onthecumulative artificial substrates alsoincreased asmightbeexpected.
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| Theobservation thatpeakdensitcccurredatthemiscellaneous sealingandcoolingwatersystemsandtheESWR-Isystemson17Octoberwasnotsurprising becausewholewater densities peakedon10October.However,peakdensities occurredattheothertwolocations on12DecemberwiththeNESWdensitybeingthehighest(17,013/m
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| )fortheyearforallcumulative samples.Thiswasunexpected andmayhavebeentheresultofalackofsufficient chlorination thatseemstohaveoccurredduringthelatterhalfofOctober.Thediscussion regarding efficacyofchlorineduringthislatefallperiodwhichispresented above(periodic artificial substrate results)appliestothecumulative resultsaswell.Sizedatashowtwoexpectedandoneunexpected results.Meansizesprogressively increased
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| 'hroughout thefallperiodatalllocations (exceptforthelastsamplingatthemiscellaneous sealingandcoolingsystem);andgenerally, thehighendofthesizerangesalsoincreased duringthefallperiod.Thesomewhatunexpected resultwasthelowendofthesizerangeswhichindica'.dthatrecentlyhatchedpostveligers continued tosettleonthesesubstrates untilthemiddleofDecember.
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| Thepresenceofthesesmallerveligerssuggeststhatsettlement mayhavecontinued atsomelowrateafterthemonitoring programwasdiscontinued fori.season.Furthermore, mostofthoseorganisms observedontheartificial substrates inDecemberwerealive.Itisreasonable toconcludethatchlorination wasnotveryeffective duringthelatefallperiodin1996.3.3QUALITYASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROLSAMPLESTheresultsoftheQA/QCsamplesanalyzedin1996aresummarized inTable3-5.Thesereinspections includedbothoriginalanalyzers usedforthisprojectandwereconducted byathirdanalyzer.
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| Becauseoneslidefromeachsetof10analyzedoneachsamplingdatewasrandomlyselectedforre-analysis, nostatistics wereapplied.However,resultswerecompared3-8Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers LLP TABLE3-5RESULTSOFQA/QCSAMPLES)D.C.COOK,1996SAMPLESAMPLESAMPLEDATETYPELOCATIONONSITEDENSITYQA/QCDENSITY%AGREEMENT Jun27Wholewater Forcbay2525100.0Oct31Wholewater PeriodicPeriodicPeriodicPeriodicPeriodicForebayForebayESWR-1ESWR-2NESWMS&C56,00053,86621,3334,78025,6004,80059,40044,80019,7334,2674,80094.383.292.589.3ltK.ODec12Wholcwatcr PeriodicPeriodicPeriodicPeriodicPeriodicPeriodicCumulative Cumulative Cumulative Cumulative ForcbayForcbayESWR-1ESWR-2NESWMS&CCirc.H>OESWR-1ESWR-2NESWMS&C9253,2003,20037333,2005331,0665,3333,2006,9333,2007503,2002,6673,7333,2005332,1335,3332,6676,4003,20081.1100.083.3100.0100.0100.050.0100.083.392.3100.0'lidebrokenintransit.3-8A32 t'orpercentagreement betweenthetwoanalyses.
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| Ineachcasewhereartiticial substrate resultsfellbelow100%,thereinspection resultwaslowerthantheoriginal.
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| ItwasobservedbytheQCinspector thatspecimens werelyingfree,i.e.,offtheslide,inthepackaging.
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| Theconclusion isthatafewindividuals onthoseslidewerenotsolidlyattached, perhapsevendead,andfellfromtheslidesduringshipping.
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| Giventhisexplanation ofdifferences, theartificial substrate datareportedinthisprogramareacceptable.
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| Thedifference inthewholewater analysesforthe12Decembersampleisattributed tolownumbersofveligersinthesample.Thesemayhavesettledinthe!iterbottleduringshipmentandnotresuspended whenagitatedbytheQCinspector.
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| Wholewater resultsaredeemedtobeacceptable.
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| 3-933Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers LLP CHAPTER4SUMMARYANDRECOMMENDATIONS 4.1SUMMARYThe1996zebramusselsamplingwasinitiated on25Aprilandcontinued to12December.
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| ThemajorspawningpeakoccurredduringthefirstweekofOctoberwithlesserpeaksoccurring duringthethirdweekofSeptember andthelatterhalfofOctober.Themagnitude ofthepeakwastwoordersofmagnitude greaterthanthe1995peak,whichwasatypically low,andabout60%ofthepeakreportedfor1994.Peakpostveliger settlement intheforebayoccurredduringthe3-17Octoberperiodwhichfollowedpeakwholewater densities byabouteightto10daysasexpected.
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| Secondary peaksinsettlement wereobservedfortheperiodsbothjustbeforeandafterthemajorsettlement peak.Fallspawningandsettlement peaksaretypicalfortheloiterGreatLakes.Cumulative settlement observations werenotmadefollowing molluscicide treaunent becausetreatment wasnotadministered in1996.Periodsofheaviestperiodicsettlement occurredduringthemid-September toendofOctoberperiodinallplant,.;erns monitored.
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| Thiscorresponded topeakperiodsofspawningasmeasuredinthewholewater samples.Duringtheearlypartofthisperiod(mid-September tomid-October),
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| fewlivemusselswereobservedonthesubstrates.
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| However,frommid-October throughtotheendofthemonitoring season,livespecimens wereobservedontheslides,particularly inNovemberandDecember.
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| Thissuggeststhatchlorination waslesseffective duringthisperiodthanearlierintheseason.Cumulative settlement intheservicewaterandmiscellaneous sealingandcoolingsystemswasessentially prevented fromMaythroughthefirstp'artofSeptember.
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| Thefewspecimens onthesubstrates weredeadwhichisindicative ofeffective chlorination.
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| Thenaspeakspawningoccurred, densities increased peakinginmid-October inthemiscellaneous sealingandcooling4-134Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers LLP andESWR-Isystems.Thiscorresponded topeaksinperiodicsettlement.
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| However,settlement unexpectedly peakedatNESWandESWR-2on12December.
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| Manyot'hesespecimens werealivereflecting thereducedlevelofeffectiveness ofthechlorination programduringtheNovember-December period.Growthofsettledpostveligers alsooccurredduringthisperiodreinforcing theconclusion thattheeffectiveness ofthechlorination programwasreducedduringthisperiod.4.2RECOMMENDATIONS Basedonobservations madeduringthecourseofthisprogram,LMSismakingseveralrecommendations:
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| Whole-water samplingshouldcontinuetobeinitiated inApriltodetermine thepresenceofveligersinthewatercolumn.Studiesofpostveliger settlement substrates shouldcontinuetobeconducted fromMaythroughDecember.
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| Inspection ofthesubstrates shouldincludeanempting tomovethepostveligers withaprobetodetermine whethertheyarestillmotilorhavebeguntolaydownbyssalthreatsforpermanent attachment.
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| Thechlorination systemshouldbemaintained toensureappropriate intermittent orcontmuous deliveryofchlorinetocontrolpostveliger, settlement (1May-IUecember),
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| particularly inlightofthe1996results.Basedonset'"~entdatafromtheearlypawofthepiogram(May-June),
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| chlorineshouldbedelivered totheservicewatersystemsbeginning duringthefirsthairofMay.Thisshouldreduce/eliminate thetranslocators fromestablishing residency inthecriticalservicewatersystems.Dailychlorination datashouldbemadeavailable toallowmoremeaningful interpretation ofresults.Severalotherwaterqualityparameters including pHandammoniashouldbemonitored attheintaketoaidindetermination ofefficacyofchlorine.
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| Also,concentration ofchloramines shouldbedetermined downstream ofthebioboxesforthesamereason.4-2Lawler,MatuskyASkellyEngineers LLP35
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| REFERENCES Lawler,Matusky,&SkellyEngineers U.t.1994.Molluscbiofouling monitoring during1993,DonaldC.CookNuclearPLant:FinalReport.46pp.Lawler,Matusky,&SkellyEngineers t.t.p.1995Molluscbiofouling monitoring during1994DonaldC.CookNuclearPlant:FinalReport.52pp.GreatLakesEnvironmental Center.1996.Azebramussel(Dreissena) monitoring surveyfortheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant.FinalReport.37pp.4-3Lawler,Matusky&SkellyEngineers LLP36
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| APPENDIXVSPECIALREPORTS APPENDIXV.ANospecialreportswereidentified duringthe1996reporting period.
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| APPENDIXVIANNUALREPORT:RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM1996
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| DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTUNITS1Bt2OPERATIONAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM1996ANNUALREPORTJANUARY1toDECEMBER31,1996PreparedbyIndianaMichiganPowerCompanyaIldTeledyneBrownEngineering April15,1997
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| TABLEOFCONTENTSSECTIONTITLEPAGESummaryIntroduction SamplingandAnalysisProgram6III.SummaryandDiscussion of1996Analytical Results...........
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| 15A.AirborneParticulates......
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| BAirborneIodine.16.18C.DirectRadiation
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| -TLDs.................
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| .19D.SurfaceWater..19E.Groundwater
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| ..21F.DrinkingWaterG.SedimentH.Milk~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~25~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2527I.Broadleaf Vegetation
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| ...JRshi~~~~~~~K.FoodProducts.....
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| ..27~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2728IV.Conclusions........
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| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~29V.References
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| ..................
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| 33 00 TABLEOFCONTENTS.
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| (Cont)APPENDICES APPENDIXA-Radiological Environmental Monitoring ProgramSummary-1996....35APPENDIX3-DataTables.40APPENDIXC-Analytical Procedures Synopsis~~~~~o~67APPENDIXD-SummaryofEPAlnterlaboratory Comparisons
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| ...........
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| 77APPENDSE-REMPSamplingandAnalytical Exceptions.............
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| 107APPENDIXF-LandUseCensus....................................
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| 111APPENDIX6-SummaryofthePreoperational Radiological............
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| 118Monitoring ProgramAPPENDIXH-SummaryoftheSpikeandBlankSampleProgram.......
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| 122APPENDIXI-TLDQualityControlProgram.'...............
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| 135
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| TABLEOFCONTENTS(Cont)LISTOFFIGURES1.OnsiteREMPMonitoring Locations 2.OffsiteREMPMonitoring Locations 3.FishSamplingLocations
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| ....4.MilkFarmSurveyTable5.Residental LandUseSurveyTable............
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| 6.MilkFarmSurveyMapResidential SurveyMap121314.114115116117LISTOFTRENDINGGRAPHSAverageMonthlyGrossBetainAirParticulates
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| ....17DirectRadiation
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| -Quarterly TLD'sTritiuminGroundwater TritiuminDrinkingWater..EPACrossCheckProgramQualityControlTLDs..~~~~~~~~~~~~o2022~~~~~~~~~26.83~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~137 0
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| LISTOFTABLESTABLETITLEPAGEB-lConcentrations ofGrossBetaEmittersinWeekly..................
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| 41AirborneParticulates B-2Concentrations ofGammaEmittersinQuarterly....................
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| 45Composites ofAirborneParticulate SamplesB-3Concentrations ofIodine-131 inWeeklyAirCartridge...............
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| 47Sample'sB-4DirectRadiation Measurements
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| -Quarterly TLDResults.............
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| 51B-5Concentrations ofIodine,TritiumandGammaEmittersinSurfaceWater52B-6Concentrations ofTritiumandGammaEmittersin......~....~.....54Groundwater B-7Concentrations ofGrossBeta,iodine,Tritiumand.GammaEmittersinDrinkingWater57B-8Concentrations ofGammaEmittersinSediment.........
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| .59B-9Concentrations ofIodineandGammaEmittersinMilk..............
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| 60B-10Concentrations ofIodineandGammaEmittersin..................
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| 61Broadleaf Vegetables B-11Concentrations ofGammaEmittersinFish63B-12Concentrations ofGammaEmittersinFood/Vegetation
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| .64B-13GammaSpecLLDsandReporting Levels...65iv
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| SUMMARY INDIANAMICHIGANPOKERCOMPANYDONALDC.COOKPO~RNUCLEARPLANTRADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMSUMMARYThisreportsummarizes thecollection andanalysisofvariousenvironmental samplemediain1996fortheRadiological Environmen-talMonitoring ProgramfortheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant.Thevariousanalysesofmostsamplemediasuggestthattherewasnodiscernible impactoftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantontheenvironment.
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| Theanalysisofairparticulate filters.charcoalcartridges.
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| directradiation bythermoluminescent dosimeters, fish,water,milkandsediments fromLakeMichigan, drinkingwater.andfoodproducts, eitherdidnotdetectanyradioactivity ormeasuredonlynaturally occurring radionuclides atnormalbackground levels.Tritium,measuredatlowlevelsinon-sitewells,appearstobetheonlyradionuclide attributable totheplantoperations.
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| However,theassociated groundwater doesnotprovideadirectdosepathwaytoman.
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| INTRODUCTION
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| I.INTRODUCTION 0TheDonaldC.CookNuclearPiant'sRadiological Environmental Monitoring Program(REMP)isconducted "incompliance withNRCRegulatory Guide1.21and4.1,licensing commitments, andTechnical Specifications.
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| TheREMPwasdeveloped inaccordance withtheNRCRadiological Assessment BranchTechnical Position(BTP),Rev.1,November1979.AsynopsisofthesamplingprogramandmapscanbefoundinSectionII,SamplingandAnalysisProgram.Thisreportrepresents theAnnualRadiological Environmental Operating ReportforUnits1and2oftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantfortheoperating periodfromJanuary1,1996throughDecember31,1996.A.TheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantofAmericanElectricPowerCompanyislocatedonthesoutheastern shoreofLakeMichiganapproximately onemilenorthwest ofBridgm"n.
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| Michigan.
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| Theplantconsistsoftwopressurized waterreactors, Unit1,1030MWEandUnit2,1100hAVE.Unit1achievedinitialcriticality onJanuary18,1975andUnit2achievedinitialcriticality onMarch10,1978.BObject'ives Theobjectives oftheoperational radiological environmental monitoring programare:l.Identifyandmeasureradiation andradioactivity intheplantenvironsforthecalculation ofpotential dosetothepopulation.
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| 2.Verifytheeffectiveness ofin-plantmeasuresusedforcontrolling thereleaseofradioactive materials.
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| 3.Providereasonable assurance thatthepredicted doses,basedoneffluentdata,havenotbeensubstantially underestimated andareconsistent withapplicable standards.
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| 4.Complywithregulatory requirements andStationTechnical Specifications andproviderecordstodocumentcompliance.
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| During1996thefollowing changesweremadetotheOffsiteDoseCalculation Manual(ODCM)Thechangesbecameeffective on10/22/96andincluded:
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| Addinganattachment whichapprovedon-sitestorageofcontaminated concreteChangedUnitVentilation H-3requirement fromcontinuous toweeklygrabsamples.Removedemergency planvalues-duetoupcomingimplementation ofrevisedEmergency ActionLevels(EAL).Clarified sectiondescribing collection ofbroadleaf vegetation samplesinlieuofmilksamples.Corrected errorinnumbering ofelectrical polewhereTLDstation¹OFT-11islocated.Eliminated theneedforcompensatory samplingofEssential ServiceWater(ESW)systemwhenrespective radiation monitorsareinoperable unlessthecontainment sprayheatexchangers areinservice.
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| II.SAMPLINGANDANALYSISPROGRAM
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| II.SAMPLINGANDANALYSISPROGRAMTable1summarizes thesamplingandanalysisprogramfortheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantforl996.Foreachsamplemedium,thetableliststhesamplelocations, including distanceanddirection fromthecenterofthetwounits,andthestationidentification.
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| Thestationidentifications forthesamplinglocations areshownonFiguresIand2.Alsoforeachsamplemediumthesamplecollection frequency, typeofanalysis.
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| andfrequency ofanalysisarelisted.
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| TABLE1DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANT-1996ltAI)IOI.OGICAI SAMPLINGSTATIONSI>ISTANCI-:
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| AN(II>Ilail'C.I IONI'ltOMI'LANTAXISLocaUonDistanceDirection DereesCollection PreucncAnal/uencEnvironmental (TLD's)ONS.IONS-2ONS-3ONS-4ONS-5ONS-6(T.OI)(T-02)(T.03)(T-04)(T-05)(T-06)(T-07)(T-08)(T-09)(T-10)(T-II)(T-12)I!)15A.2:138A.2407A.1852A.1895A.1917A.2103A.2208I\.1368A.1390A.1969A.2292ft.18'8o90'18'8qo210'6o82'490127'1'3'uarterly DirectRadiation/Quarterly NewBuffaloSouthBendDowaglacColoma(NBF)(SBN)(DOW)(COL)15.6mlSSW26.2mtSE24.3mlENE18.9mlNNEIntersection ofRedArrowHwy.&Marquette WoodsRd,Pole¹B294-44Stevensvllle Substatlon Pole¹B296-13Pole¹B350-72Intersection ofShawnee&Cleveland.
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| Pole¹B387-32SnowRd.,Eastol'Holden Rd.,¹B426-1BrldgmanSubstaUon Callfornla Rd.,Pole¹B424-20RugglesRd.,PoleB369-214IntersecUon ofRedArrowHwy..&Hlldebrant Rd.,Pole¹B422-152 IntersecUon ofSnowRd.&BaldwinRd.,Pole¹B423-12(OFT-I)(OFT-2)(OFT-3)(OI'T-4)(OFT-5)(OFT-6)(OFT-7)(OFT-8)(OFT-9)(OFT-10)4.5mlNE36mlNE51mlNE4.1mlE4.2mlESE49n>lSE25mlS40mlS4.4miESE3.8mlS(OFT-11)3.8mlS
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| TABLE1I<>>>>i.lDONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANT-19961thl)I()1.()(ilCA I.SA411'l.l NGSTATIONSI)ISTAN(I:.ANI)I)II(ECTION FltOMl>IDENTAXISLocaUonAirCharcoal/Particulates StaUonDistanceDlrectlon DereesCollecUon FreucncAnalIs/FreuencONS.IONS-2ONS-3ONS-4ONS-5ONS-6NewllunaloSouth(3cndOowaglacColoma(A.I)(A-21(A.:I)(A-4)(A.5)(A-6)(NI3F)(SBN)(Dow)(COL)I!)15>A.2:I:38A.2107A.1852A.1895n.1917n.15.6nil26.2ml24.3n)I18.9n)ISSWSEF.NENNE18'8o)0'IHo18!)'10oWeeklyGrossBeta/Weekly 1-131/Weekly GammaIsotopic/
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| Quarterly Composllc Groundwater OnslleOnslteOnslteOnslteOnslleOnsltcOnslteOnslteOnslteOnslteOnslteOnslteOnslteOnslte(W-I)(W-2)(W-3)(W-4)(W-5)(W-6)(W-7)=(W-8)(W-9)(W-10)(W-1I)(W-12)(W-13)(W-14)=1969A.2292A.3279ft.418ft.404I'.424A.1895ft.1279I'.1447A.4216A.3206n.2631A.2152A.1780n.11'3o107o301o290'73'89'3'2'29'53 162'82'64 Quarterly GammaIsotopic/Quarterly Trltlum/Quarterly SteamGenerator Groundwater SteamGenerator StorageFacllltySteamGenerator StorageFacllltySteamGenerator StorageFacilitySteamGenerator StorageFaclllty(SG-I)(SG-2)(SG-4)(SG-5)08ml0.7mI07mI07ml.95'2o93'20Quarterly GrossBeta/Quarterly GrossAlpha/Quarterly GammaIsotopic/Quarterly TABLE1(('urerIDONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANT-1996l(AI)IOI.()(ll(:Al.
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| SAMI'l.lNGSTATIONS1)ISTAN(EANI)l)lltl'.C IIONFltOMI'IDENTAXISLocationStationDistanceDtrectlon DcreesCoUcctton FreucncAnalIs/FreencDrlnklnWaterSl.JosephPublicIntakeLakeTownslrlp PtrbllcIntakeStationSurfaceWaterISTJ)!).0nrlILTW)0.4nrlNF.SDallyGrossBeta/14DayCompositeGammaIsotopic/14 DnyComposlte1-131/14DayConrposltc Tritium/gtrartcrly Conrposllc Condenser Circulating WaterIntakeLakeMlchlganShorellnc LakeMlchlganShorcllne SWL-IIntakeSWL-2500A.SWL-3500ft.SNDallyGamn)aIsotopic/Monthly Composlle Tritium/guarterly Composltc C7~Sediment LakeMlchlganShoreline LakeMlchlganShorcllne SL-2SL3500A.500A.SNScml-annually GammaIsotopic/Scml-Annual Freehllng FarmBuchananMlle-Bacround(a)Freehl1ng 7.0mlSE14DaysGammaIsotopic/Sample 1-131/Sample WyantFarmDowagalcLlvinghouse FarmLaPorteWyant20.7mlLlvlnghouse 20.0mlES14DaysGammal~~toplc/Sample 1-131/SampleBroadleaf Veetatton(a)3Indicator Samples1ControlSampleWlthln8mllesol'lant15-25mllesdistantHlghcstD/QLandSectorMonthlywhenLessprevalent winddlrectlon aval)able GammaIsotopic'/Monthly 1-131/Monthly IalNomtlksampleswereobtainedtn1996as2of3Indtcator farmsdroppedfromprogramandnoreplacements couldbefound.Broadleaf vegctatton sampleswereobtainedInltcuofmttkIn1996.
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| TABLE1I('o>>l.lDONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANT-1996l(AI)I()I.O(<<ICAI.
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| SAMI'I,ING STATIONSl)ISI'AN(I:.rNl)l)II<I:.C1 IONI:feOMIIDENTAXISLocationStationDistanceDirection DerccsCollection FrcucncAnalis/ucncI'IkcMichiganI>kcMlclilgan I'ikcMlclilgan IekeMlcl>i@an ONS-NONS.SOPS-NOl'S-S.:Ia>la3.5>>ll5.0allSS2/yearGammaIsotopic/
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| 2peryearGras/Broadleaf NcarcstsampleloPlantInhighestD/Qlandsectorcontalnlng media.~Gra<<<<Inalandsectorcontalnlng grapesapproximately 20mllesfromthePlantInoneofthelessprevalent D/Qlandsectors.SectorDSectorKAttimeolharvestAttimeofharvestGammaIsotopicattimeofharvest.GammaIsotopicatUmcofharvest.Composite samplesofDrinkingandSurface.watershallbecollected atleast.dally.Particulate samplefiltersshouldbeanalyzedforgrossbetaactivity24ormorehoursfollowing Alterremoval.Thiswillallowforradonandthorondaughterdecay.IfgrossbetaactivityInairorwaterIsgreaterthanIOtimestheyearlymeanofcontrolsamplesloranymedium,gammaIsotopicanalysisshouldbeperformed ontheindividual samples.Pleasenotethefollowing defenltlons:
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| IVeeklyatleastonceeveryseven(7)daysMonthly-atleastonceevery(3I)daysQuarterly
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| -atleastonceeveryninety-two (92)daysSemi-annually
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| -atleastonceeveryonehundredeighty-four (184)days
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| On-@iteHEMPMonitoring Loccltionsc)'IITLOT-OITLDT-02AIRONS-2h~.cYs.a~'BTLDT-OlAIRONS-ICcWELL'w-2!SVRFACEWATER(SWL-3lSEOIHENT(SL-3(WELLw-IiLDwE(.Lw-9TLDT-I2~(TLDT-OIi('LLSG-SWELLSG-2IELLSG-I~//AIR0NS-3WELLw4WELLw5SURFACEWATER(SWL-IlI~oo(lU'WEl.l.w-0WELLSG-4cIsELLw-6SvoFACEvA(ER(SWL-2(~SEDI((E(((
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| (5<-2((LDI05AIRD((55ITLOT-AIRO((5-6((~~.1rTLOT-IOTLOT-09tLDT-04,~~~AIRONS-4/wELLw-IO~J)WELLw-l3WELLw-IILAKETwPWELI.LEGENDONSIONS-6(AlrSoeo((noStationsT-Ol-'-I2:TLDSano(inoStationsV-I-r-I~(REHPT/5Grovndsote(
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| WellsSG-I,SG-2,SG-4,SG-5(REHPNonT/5Groundsoter
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| 'WellsSWL-I,2.3:5~taceWaterSoso((noStat(oneSL-2,3:SedimentSow(in((Stat(one12
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| LEGE<OGffSITEREIC'GHIIORIHG LOCAIIbye<o<vv<oA<rvlLO<ocot<o~0<<~II~ILO<ocr<ivvOOC<,Or<VV<O H>>afaraaOi<va<oovotre<ocot<o~I~<CO<a>HI<afOaaCQ.OHASt<OSSASIOH
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| ~<SAC<<GROS<HO AIR<<ILOICCCIVrvr'RyO<fIAcpst<<Is<as<OH OACaGoO<pCS~11fISOoclfI4~Of<<<~Sl.JOSE<a<SI.yATERTREAT%HIRAHI<STJ<ac<~VVAIC~CarI'>>A<<(1It~~<HH<sactao<t<V(Hat(RGH<S<ISLO(F'I~~SLOOfle<TLOGfI~RSTLOtFTR~$<Ir(HSI<II(TLOGfT.oaTLOO'RSD.c,co<a<H<sLIAAIS>>,<QLA<<ESoyHS>>loyATERTREAT~HIRAHI<Lly<ILOfI~OAIGG<<avSSOfl:<R~ILOas~II'ILOGfI~ILOOflS(MPHS<H<<<CSHILLBUsG$L~AIRE/////ILES~I<Sa<re<>>a\1IOOvAG<ACSt<BSTAIIOH OACKGRO<<HO AIRIILOtv<~AGIACOACRGRGs<HO fAAVICysAHILAAGR<EOICaGAGLrCS f~~~LlylCrGs<SE~<<<ac~a>><aSOUTHBEIeRAN<A<<EESTAIIO<daeva<(Ape<
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| AIRITLO<S<TH<13 I')$~~gJ$lIl.,;8%@rK~
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| .II'/~i'.P~gp.48%<g]'Klli.:i.aR 1.i/%7=.~JKl&~~,-s.a
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| III.SUMMARYANDDISCUSSION OF1996ANALYTICAL RESULTS15
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| III.SUMMARYANDDISCUSSION OF1996ANALYTICAL RESULTSAdiscussion ofthedatafromtheradiological analysesofenvironmental mediacollected duringthereportperiodisprovidedinthissection.Analysesofsamplesfor1996wereanalyzedbyTeledyneBrownEngineering, Inc.{TI)inWestwood, NewJersey.Theprocedures andspecifications followedatTeledyneBrownEngineering areinaccordance withtheTeledyneBrownEngineering QualityAssurance Manualandareexplained intheTeledyneBrownEngineering Analytical Procedures.
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| Asynopsisofanalytical procedures usedfortheenvironmental samplesare'rovedinAppendixC.Inadditiontointernalqualitycontrolmeasuresperformed byTeledyne, thelaboratory alsoparticipates intheEnvironmental Protection Agency'sInterlaboratory Comparison Program.Participation inthisprogramensuresthatindependent checksontheprecision andaccuracyofthemeasurements ofradioactive materialinenvironmental samplesareperformed.
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| TheresultsoftheEPAInterlaboratory Comparison areprovidedinAppendixD.Radiological analysesofenvironmental mediacharacteristically approachandfrequently fallbelowthedetection limitsofstate-of-the-art measurement methods.TeledyneBrownEngineering analytical methodsmeetorexceedtheLowerLimitofDetection
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| {LLD)requirements giveninTable2=ftheUSNRCBranchTechnical PositionofRadiological Monitoring, Revisionl.November1979.Thefollowing isadiscussion andsummaryoftheresultsoftheenvironmental measurements performed duringthereporting period.Comparison ismadewherepossiblewithradioactivity concentrations measuredinthepreoperational periodofAugust1971totheinitialcriticality ofUnit1onJanuary12,1975.Abriefsummaryofthepreoperational programisfoundinAppendixG.A.AirborneParticulates Airborneparticulate samplesarecollected withanoillesspumpatapproximately 56LPMusinga47mmparticulate filter.Resultsof16 0
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| TrendingGraph-1AYERAGEMONTHLYGROSSBETAINAIRPARTICULATES 40a.35La.30OOO25OO20OO151005Qi(ot001/897/891/907/901/917/911/927/921/937/931/947/941/957/951/967/96Indicators
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| ~--e'--Controls gross,betaactivities arepresented inTableB-l.Themeasurement ofthegrossbetaactivityontheweeklyairparticulate filtersisagoodindication ofthelevelsofnaturalandormanmaderadioactivity intheenvironment.
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| Theaveragegrossbetaconcent.ationofthesixindicator locations was0.020pCi/m~witharangeofindividual valuesbetween0.007and0.036pCi/m~.Theaveragegrossbetaconcentration ofthefourcontrollocations was0.020pCi/m~witharangebetween0.007and0.033pCi/m~.In.TrendingGraph1the.,monthlyaveragegrossbetaconcentrations fortheindicator locations andforthecontrollocations areplotted.Thegrossbetaconcentrations inairparticulate filtersin1996werelowerthanattheendofthepreoperational periodwhentheeffectsofrecentatmospheric nucleartestswerebeingdetected.
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| Airparticulate filterswerecomposited bylocationonaquarterly basisandwereanalyzedbygammarayspectroscopy.
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| Resultsarepresented inTableB-2.Beryllium-7, whichisproducedcontinuously intheupperatmosphere bycosmicradiation, wasmeasuredinallfortysamples.Theaverageconcentration forthecontrollocations was0.128pCi/m~andthevaluesrangedfrom0.088to0.154pCi/m~.Theaverageconcentration fortheindicator locations was0.139pCi/m~witharangeof0.075to0.195pCi/m.Thesevaluesaretypicalofberyllium-7 measuredatvariouslocations throughout theUnitedStates.Naturally occurring potassium-40 wasmeasuredinsevenofthetwenty-four indicator quarterly composites withanaverageconcentration of0.005pCi/m~andarangeof0.004to0.009pCi/m~.Potassium-40 wasmeasuredinfourofthesixteencontrolquarterly composites withaconcentration of0.004pCi/m~andarangeof0.003to0.004pCi/m~.Noothergammaemittingradioactivity wasdetected.
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| BAirborneiodineAirborneiodinesamplesarecollected withanoillesspumpatapproximately 56LPMusingacharcoalfiltercartridge.
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| Charcoalcartridges areinstalled downstream oftheparticulate filtersandareusedtocollectairborneradioiodine.
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| Theresultsoftheweeklyanalysis18
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| ofthecharcoalcartridges arepresented inTable8-3.Allresultswerebelowthelowerlevelofdetection of0.07pCi/mwithnopositiveactivitydetected.
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| C.DirectRadiation
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| -Thermoluminescent Dosimeters Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs)measureexternalradiation exposurefromseveralsourcesincluding naturally occurring radionuclides intheairandsoil,radiation fromcosmicorigin,falloutfromatomicweaponstesting,potential radioactive airbornereleasesfromthepowerstationanddirectradiation fromthepowerstation.TheTLDsrecordexposurefromallofthesepotential sources.TheTLDsaredeployedquarterly at27locations intheenvironssurrounding theD.C.CookNuclearPlant.Theaveragevalueofthefourareasofeachdosimeter (calibrated individually aftereachfieldexposureperiodforresponsetoaknownexposureandfortransitexposure) arepresented inTableB-4.Thoseexposureratesarequitetypicalofobservedra'tesatmanyotherlocations inthecountry.Theaverageannualmeasurement, forthecontrolsampleswas4.34mR/standard monthwitharangeof3.0to6,6mR/standard month.Theannualaccumulation ofindicator sampleshadameasurement of4.17mR/standard monthwitharangeof2.8to6.6mR/standard month.The1996annualaverageintheenvironsoftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantisatthelowrangeoftheexposurerat~~(1.0to2.0mR/week)measuredduringthepreoperational period.Theresultsoftheindicator andcontrolTLDsareingoodagreement andareplottedinTrendingGraph2.D.SurfaceWaterA125milliliter surfacewatersampleiscollected fromtheintakeforebayandfromtwoshoreline locations, allwithin0.3mileofthetworeactorsandwerecomposited dailyoveramonthlyperiod.Thethirtysampleswereanalyzedforiodine-131 bytheradiochemical technique described onpage73.Allresultswerelessthanthelowerlimitofdetection of1pCi/l.'I'hequarterly composite wasanalyzedfor19 J
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| TrendingGraph-2DIRECTRADIATION
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| -QUARTERLY TLDRESULTSri/r/001/9007/9001$107$11$27/921/937$31/947/941/957/951/967/96TLDControlsTLDIndicators
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| tritiumbyliquidscintillation methoddescribed onpage70.Resultsarepresented inTableB-5.Tritiumwasdetectedin2ofthe10samplesanalyzedwithanaverageconcentration of520pCi/liter andarangeof130to910pCi/liter.
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| Thisisslightlyhigherthanthe3measurements in1995whichhadanaverageconcentration of310pCi/liter.
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| Duringthepreoperational periodtritiumwasmeasuredinsurfacewatersamplesatconcentrations ofapproximately 400pCi/liter.
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| Naturally occurring potassium-40 andcesium-137 werenotmeasuredduring1996.Naturally occurring gammaemittingisotopesweredetectedusinggammarayspectroscopy.
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| E.Groundwater Watersamplesarecollected quarterly fromfourteenwells,allwithin4300feetofthereactors.
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| First,astaticwaterelevation isdetermined andthreewellborevolumesarepurgedfromthewellusingagroundwater pump,orequivalent.
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| Atwolitersampleisthenobtained.
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| Thesamplesareanalyzedforgammaemittersandtritium.Theresultsarepresented inTableB-6.Naturally occurring potassium-40 wasnotmeasuredduring1996norwerethereanyothergammaemittingisotopesmeasured.
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| Thegroundwater wellsW-4,W-5,W-6.W-7.W-9.W-11,W-13andW-14hadmeasurable tritiumactivitythroughout 1996.Tritiumwasmeasuredin21ofthe56samplesattheloca,onswithanaverageconcentration of1659pCi/liter andarangeof210to14000pCi/liter.
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| Theannualconcentrations oftritiuminwellsW-lthroughW-7areplottedinTrendingGraph3.Anadditional sixwellswereaddedtotheprogramduring1992andonewellin1993.Theresultsareplottedquarterly for1996inTrendingGraph3.Tritiumconcentration ingroundwater wellsduringthepreoperational periodtypically averaged400pCi/liter.
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| 21
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| TrendingGraph-3TRITIUMINGROUNDWATER 198019821984198619881990199219944/9510/954/9610/96
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| TrendingGraph-3(Cont.)TRITIUViINGROUNDWATER 100008000!CL0M06000CII0)0CLCMC40002000198019821984198619881990199219944/9510/954/9610/96Well-4W:II-5Well-6Well-7
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| TrendingGraph-3(Cont.)TRITIUMINGROUNDWATER
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| 'l6000(6CLOCLO00VOIUCL0)120008000400001/921/93'/941/951/96Well14addedtotheprogramin1993.Nosamplecollected January1994.Well8~Well9MWell10~Well11MWell12MWell13~Well14 Dailysamplesarecollected attheintakeofthepurification plantsforSt.JosephandLakeTownship.
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| The500mldailysamplesateachlocationarecomposited andanalyzedforgrossbeta,iodine-131, andgammaemitters.
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| Onaquarterly basisthedailysamplesarecomposited andanalyzedfortritium.TheresultsofanalysesofdrinkingwatersamplesareshowninTable3-7.Grossbetaactivitywasmeasuredinalltwenty-six samplesfromtheLakeTownshipintakewithanaverageconcentration of3.41pCi/liter andarangefrom2.1to5.1pCi/liter.
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| Grossbetaactivitywasmeasuredinalltwenty-six samplesfromtheSt.Josephintakewithanaverageconcentration of3.35pCi/liter andarangefrom1.8to5.7pCi/liter.
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| Nogammaemittingisotopesoriodine-131 weredetected.
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| Tritiumwasnotmeasuredinanyofthefoursamplesfromeitherlocation.
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| Tritium(orLLDvalues)indrinkingwaterareplottedinTrendingGraph4.Therewerenodrinkingwateranalysesperformed inthepreoperational program.G.~edimeniS.dtmentsamplesarecnllected semiannually alongtheshoreline ofLakeMichiganatthesametwolocations asthesurfacewatersamples.Twolitersoflakesedimentarecollected usingasmalldredgeinanareacoveredparttimebywaveaction.Thesedimentsamplesareanalyzedbygammarayspectroscopy, theresultsofwhichareshowninTableB-8.InAprilandOctoberonesamplewascollected fromlocationSL-2andSL-3.Gammarayspectroscop deetectednaturally occurring potassium-40 inallfoursamples.Therayspecroscopyaveragepotassium-40 concentration was4695pCi/kg(dryweight)witharangefrom3420to6510pCi/kg(dryweight).Thorium-228, alsonaturally occurring wasmeasuredinallsampleswithanaverageconcentration of443pCi/kg(dryweight)witharangefrom91.8to846pCi/kg(dryweight).Radium-226 wasmeasuredintwosamples25 TrendingGraph-4TRITIUMINDRINKINGWATER2000CL15000CLO0OO1000L5000a4"44p)+<<+r.<<~.<<~.<<~.<<~.<<~<<.~<<.+<<
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| <<~'"qy'<<<<~<<<<<<t"'~,
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| ~'i'01/8907/8901/9007/9001/9110/914/9210/924/9310/934/9410/944/9510/954/9610/96~~~~"4~~~~~LakeTownshipSt.Joseph
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| withanaverageactivityof667pCi/kgandarangeof440to894pCi/kg(dryweight).Allothergammaemitterswerebelowthelowerlimitsofdetection.
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| H.MilkDuring1996.therequirements oftwosamplesfromdifferent locations couldnotbemet.Thesamplingoffoodsampleswasincreased tooffsetthemilk.Broadleaf VeetationBroadleaf vegetation wascollected inlieuofmilkduring1996.Thirtyonesampleswerecollected andresultsarepresented inTableB-10.Naturally occurring potassium-40 wasmeasuredinallsampleswithanaverageconcentration of4018pCi/kg(wetweight)andarangeof2220to6740pCi/kg(wetweight).Cosmogenically producedberyllium-7 wasmeasuredinallsampleswithanaverageconcentration of1275pCi/kg(wetweight)andarangeof324to4460pCi/kg(wetweight).Cesium-137 wasmeasuredinsevensamples.withanaverageconcentration of87.4pCi/kg(wetweight)andarangeof27.3to298pCi/kg(wetweight).J.FishUsinggillnetsinapproximately twentyfeetofwaterinLakeMichigan, 4.5poundsoffisharecollected 2timesperyearfromeachoffourlocations.
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| Thesampleswerethenanalyzedbygammarayspectroscopy.
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| Resultsarepresented inTableB-11.Naturally occurring potassium-40 wasmeasuredinallsampleswithanaverageconcentration of3463pCi/kg(wetweight)andarangeof2810to4200pCi/kg(wetweight).Cesium-137 wasmeasuredinfiveofthesevenfishsampleswithanaverageconcentration of50.8pCi/kg(wetweight)andarangeof28.7to72.0pCi/kg(wetweight).27 K.FoodProductsFoodsamplesarecollected annuallyatharvest,asnearthesiteboundaryaspossible, andapproximately twentymilesfromtheplant.Eachsampleconsistsof3poundsofgrapesand3poundsofbroadleaves.
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| Therewerefourfoodsamplescollected during1996andresultsarepresented inTableB-12.Naturally occurring potassium-40 wasmeasuredinallfoursampleswithanaverageconcentration of2163pCi/kg(wetweight)andarangeof1630to2650pCi/kg(wetweight).Cosmogenically producedberyllium-7 wasmeasuredinthreeofthefoursampleswithanaverageconcentration of1583pCi/kg(wetweight)andarangeof58.6to3280pCi/kg(wet-weight).
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| Allothergammaemitterswerebelowthelowerlimitsofdetection.
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| 28 IV.CONCLUSIONS 29
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| IV.CONCLUSIONS Theresultsofthe1996Radiological Environmental Monitoring ProgramfortheDonaldC.,CookNuclearPlanthavebe.npresented.
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| Theresultswereasexpectedfornormalenvironmental samples.Naturally occurring radioactivity wasobservedinsamplemediaintheexpectedactivityranges.JOccasional samplesofafewmediashowedthepresenceofman-madeisotopes.
| |
| Thesehavebeendiscussed individually inthetext.Observedactivities wereatverylowconcentrations andhadnosignificant doseconsequence.
| |
| Specificexamplesofsamplemediawithpositiveanalysisresultsarediscussed below.Airparticulate grossbetaconcentrations ofalltheindicator locations for1996appeartofollowthegrossbetaconcentrations atthecontrollocations.
| |
| Theconcentration levelsareactuallylowerthanduringthepreoperational period.Gammaisotopicanalysisoftheparticulate samplesidentified thegammaemittingisotopesasnaturalproducts(beryllium-7 andpotassium-40).
| |
| Noman-madeactivitywasfoundintheparticulate mediaduring1996.Noiodine-131 wasdetectedincharcoalfiltersin1996.Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs)measureexternalgammaradiation fromnaturally occurring radionuclides intheairandsoil,radiation fromcosmi~~riginandfalloutfromatmospheric nuclearweaponstesting,andradioactive airbornereleasesanddirectradiation fromthepowerplant.TheaverageannualTLDresultswereatnormalbackground exposurelevels.Surfacewatersamplesarecollected dailyfromtheintakeforebayandtwolocations inLakeMichigan.
| |
| Thesamplesareanalyzedquarterly fortritium.andmonthlyforgammaemittingisotopes.
| |
| Nogammaemittersweredetectedduring1996.Tritiumwasmeasuredandtheconcentrations wereatnormalbackground levels.Groundwater sampleswerecollected quarterly atfourteenwells,allwithin4300feetofthereactors.
| |
| Thethreewellswithin-500feethadmeasurable tritiumwhichisattributed totheoperation oftheplant.Thehighestconcentration measuredin1996was14000pCi/liter whilethe30 0
| |
| highestconcentration measuredduring1995was7000pCi/liter.
| |
| Theincreased tritiumconcentration isattributed todrainingportionsoftheComponent CoolingWater(CCW)systemtotheturbineroomsumpwhichdischarges intotheonsiteabsorption pond.WellW-14isadjacenttothepondandmonitorstheaquiferatthislocation.
| |
| Potassium-40, anaturally occurring nuclidewasnotobservedduring1996.Noothergammaemittingisotopesweredetected.
| |
| Samplesare'collected dailyattheintakesofthedrinkingpurification plantsforSt.JosephandLakeTownship.
| |
| Samplescomposited dailyoveratwoweekperiodareanalyzedforiodine-131, grossbeta,andmeasuredforgammaemittingisotopes.
| |
| Samplesarealsoanalyzedquarterly fortritium.Noiodine-131 orgammaemittingisotopesweredetected.
| |
| Grossbetawasmeasuredinallfifty-two samplesatnormalbackground concentrations.
| |
| Tritiumwasnotmeasuredinanyoftheeightquarterly composite samplescollected during1996.Sedimentsamplescanbeasensitive indicator ofdischarges from-nuclearpowerstations.
| |
| Sedimentsamplesarecollected semiannually alongtheshoreline ofLakeMichiganattwolocations incloseproximity ofthereactors.
| |
| Thesampleswereanalyzedbygammarayspectroscopy andonlynaturally occurring gammaemittersweredetected.
| |
| Thereisnoevidenceofstationdischarges affecting LakeMichigan, eitherinthesediments orinthewater.aspreviously discussed.
| |
| Milksampleswerenotanalyzedduring1996duetolackofparticipants intheprogram.Broadleaf samplingwasperformed inlieuofmilkcollection in1996.Cesium-137 wasmeasuredin7of31broadleaf samples.Noothergammaemittingisotopesweremeasuredinbroadleaf samplesin1996.Fishsamplescollected inLakeMichiganinthevicinityofthenuclearplant.wereanalyzedbygammarayspectroscopy.
| |
| Theonlygammaemittingisotopemeasuredwascesium-137 whichwasfoundinlowconcentrations infivesamples.31 Foodproducts, consisting ofgrapes,andbroadleaf vegetation werecollected andanalyzedbygammarayspectroscopy.
| |
| Nogammaemittingisotopesweremeasuredduring1996The-results oftheanalyseshavebeenpresented.
| |
| BasedontheevidenceoftheRadiological Environmental Monitoring ProgramtheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantisoperating withinregulatory limits.Tritiuminsevenon-sitewellsappearstobetheonlyradionuclide whichcanbedirectlycorrelated withtheplant.Howevertheassociated groundwater doesnotprovideadirectdosepathwaytoman.32 V.REFERENCES 33
| |
| | |
| V.FMFERENCES l.DataTablesfrom1985-1988 CEP-AEPSC AnnualRadiological Environmental Monitoring ProgramReports.2.EberlineInstrument Company.IndianaMichiganPowerCompany,"D.C.CookNuclearPlantRadiological Environme'ntal Monitoring Program-1974AnnualReport",May1975.3.AmericanElectricPower,12PMP6010OSD.001,OffsiteDoseCalculation Manual.4.UnitedStatesNuclearRegulatory Commission, Regulatory Guide4.8"Environmental Technical Specifications forNuclearPowerPlants",December1975.5.UnitedStatesNuclearRegulato~
| |
| Commission, Regulatory Guide1.21"Measuring, Evaluating.
| |
| andReporting Radioactivity inSolidWastesandReleasesofRadioactive Materials inLiquidandGaseousEffluents fromLight-Water-Cooled NuclearPowerPlants,April1974.6.UnitedStatesNuclearRegulatory Commission, Regulatory Guide1.4"Programs forMonitoring Radioactivity intheEnilronsofNuclearPowerPlants",April1975.7.USNRCBranchTechnical
| |
| : Position, "Acceptable Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program",
| |
| Rev.1,November1979.34 APPENDIXARADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMSUMMARY35 RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMSUMMARYINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTDOCKETNO.50-3I5/50-31,6 I!El<RIENCOUNlYJANUAI<YItoDECEMBER31.1996MEDIUMORPATIIWAYSAMPLF.DtUNITOFMEASUREMENTI ANAY.ANDTOTALNUMIIEROFANALYSESPERFORMED
| |
| .IFANIa/I>I.IANGEIWITIIINNAMEMEANDISTANCEANDD)RECTION RANGENUMI3EROFCOlrfROLLOCATIONNONROUTINE MEANREPORI'ED RANGEMEASUREMENTS AlrIodlnc(pCI/rrI3)1-131525-(0/:3I:I)-(0/213)AirborneParticulates (IE.03pCI/nr3)Grossficta524(Weekly)19.13(313/313)
| |
| ONS-IOrrslle1945ft.20.9(53/53) 19.7(212/212)
| |
| (7.2-36)(8.6-36)(7.0-33)GammaBc-740139(24/24)
| |
| (74.7-195)QNS.6Onslte1917ft.152(4/4),'104-195)128(16/16)
| |
| (88.3-I54)K-40405.0.9(7/24)
| |
| ('3.95-9.39)ONS-2-Onsllc2338ft.7.06(2/4)
| |
| (4.72-9.39)-
| |
| 3.84(4/16)
| |
| (2.91-4.47)
| |
| DirectRadlatlon (mR/StandardMonth)Gamma109Doseguarterly 4.17(92/92)
| |
| (2.8-6.6)
| |
| SBN26.2rnlSE5.15(4/4)
| |
| (4.5-6.6) 4.34(16/16)(3.0-6.6!
| |
| (a/b)Rauoofsampleswithdetectable actlvltytototalnumberofsamplesanalyzed.
| |
| RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMSUMMARYINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTDOCKETNO.50-315/50-3I6 IIErelelEN COUVnJANUARYIIoDECEMBER31.1996MEDIUMORPATHWAYSAMPLEDIUNITOFMEASUREMENTI AA.ATOTALNUMIIEROFANALYSESPERFORMED MMNIa/hlRANGI'.wINNAMEMEANDISTANCEANDDIRECIlON RANGENUMBEROfCOmROLLOCATIONNONROUTINE MEANREPORTEDRANGEMEASUREMEIfl'S SurfaceWater(pCI/Ilier)
| |
| Gamma30/:10)N/A(0/0)11-310520(2/10)
| |
| (130-910)
| |
| SWL-1l>>take910(I/4)-(0/0)Groundwater (pCI/1lter)GamnIa56K-4056H-356Th-22856.(0/56)-(0/56)1659(21/56)
| |
| (210-14000)
| |
| N/AN/A-(0/0)-(0/0)Well141780ft.5410(4/4)-(0/0)(340-14000)
| |
| DrinkingWaterGrossBeta52(pCI/liter) 3.35(52/52)
| |
| (1.8-5.7)
| |
| LTW0.4mlS3.41(26/26)(2.1-5.1)
| |
| -(0/0)1-13152-(0/52)N/AN/A-(0/0)Gamma52H-3-(0/52)-(0/8)N/AN/AN/AN/A-(0/0)-(0/0)(a/b)Rauoofsampleswithdetectable activitytototalnumberofsamplesanalyzed.
| |
| | |
| RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMSUMMARYINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTDOCKETNO.50-315/50-316 IIEl<BIEN('OtINIYJANUARYIloDECEMBER31.1996,MEDIUMORPATIIWAYSAMPLEDIUNITOFMEASUREMFNll ANAATOTAl.NUMIIEH OFANALYSESPERFORMED
| |
| )'hIFANI>/4)RANGEwANNAMEMEANDISTANCEANDDIRECTION RANGENUMBEROFCONTROLLOCATIONNONROUTINE MEANREPORTEDRANGEhlEASUREMENTS Sediment(pCI/kgdry)Gamma4K-404Cs-1374Ra-2264Th-22844!165(4/4l(3420-6510)
| |
| -(0/4)667(2/4)(440-894) 443(4/4)(91.8-846)
| |
| SI.-20.3n>lSN/ASL-20.3mlSSL-30.2mlN5000(2/2)
| |
| (3490-6510) 894(1/2)479(2/2)(I12-846)-(0/0)-(0/0)-(0/0)-(0/0)Broadleaf/
| |
| Vegetation (pCI/kgwet)Be-731Gamma311275(31/31)
| |
| (324-4460)Various1275(31/31)
| |
| (324-4460)
| |
| -(0/0)K-40Cs-13731314018(31/31)
| |
| (1206-241 I)87.4(7/31)
| |
| (27.3-298)
| |
| VariousVarious87.4(7/31)
| |
| (27.3-298)
| |
| -(0/0)4018(31/31)
| |
| -(0/0)(1206-24II)(a/b)Ratioofsampleswithdetectable activitytototalnumberofsamplesanalyzed.
| |
| | |
| RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMSUMMARYINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTDOCKETNO.50-3/5/50-3I6 13ERRIENCOUNIYJANUARY1toDECEMBER31,1996ANAAMEDIUMORPATIIWAYTOTALNUMBF.RSAMPLEDOFANALYSFSIUNIToFMEAsUREMEIr11 PERFQRMED
| |
| )'MEANIa/IIIRANGEWIFANNAMEMEANDISTANCF.
| |
| ANDDIRECTION RANGENUMBEROFCOBOLLOCATIONNONROUTINE MEANREPORIEDRANGEMEASUREMENTS Fish(pCI/kgwet)GammaK-40:116:3(7/7)
| |
| (2810-1200)ONS-NorIh5.0nilS3780(2/2)
| |
| (3360-4200)
| |
| -(0/0)Cs-13750.8(5/7)
| |
| (28.7-72.0)
| |
| ONS-South 5.0mlS58.2(2/2)(51.8-64.6)
| |
| -(0/0)Food/Vegetation Gamnla(pCI/kgwet)Be-71583(3/4)
| |
| (58.6-3280)ONS-V3280(1/1)
| |
| -(0/0)K-402163(4/4)
| |
| (1630-2650)
| |
| OFS-V2650(1/I)-(0/0)Cs-137-(0/4)-(0/4)-(0/0)(a/b)Ratioofsampleswithdetectable actlvltytototalnumberofsamplesanalyzed.
| |
| | |
| APPENDIXBDATATABLES40
| |
| | |
| TABLEB.1INDIANhMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OI'ACROSS I)l".I'AEM)II'ERSINWEEI<LYAIRI3ORNE PART]CULATES Rc>>nil>>lnUnllsnf10"pCI/nPi-2sign>aSTATIONCODESCOLLECTION ONS-1ONS-2ONS-3ONS-4ONS-5ONS-6NBFDATESSBNDOWAvera)i28.0)/08/9601/12/960)/18/9601/24/9601/31/9629i236i426i32)i219i225i228i323i317i220i228+226i326i318i220i229+228+424i320i223i227+232+428+319i219i226i230i427+319i220+226i227i426+320i222i229+226+427i3(a)22i230+333+423+323i320i227+227i324+318+219+228i29i25+19*20iQ~BRUAQY02/07/9624i224i202/14/962)i220i202/21/9617i2'6i202/28/9621i219i226i227i223i223i221i216i219i217i2)7i219i215i216i220i216+217i216i217i220i216i220i227i219i219i218i223i215i216i2)5i226i217i217+218i224i18i~17i~18i~'ARCH03/06/9603/13/9603/20/9603/27/9624i225i220i226i222i222i220i2(b)(b)21i222i224i221i216i228i322i223i228i319i218i22)i219i228i2)9i217i221i220i225i222+223i220+22)i221i219i221i220i219i217i222i221+221i:23i'0ii22iQuarterAvg.
| |
| 24k1021%721i922i923i102241022i623i922ill21i822iIa)Galewind;sampleblownandnotavailable.
| |
| Ib)Poweroff.Samplenotavailable.
| |
| TABLEB-I(Cont,)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OFGROSSIIl".IhEMI'II'ERSINWEEKLYAIRBORNEPARTICULATES t<<sn))slnUn)Isof10~pCI/nP+2s)ginaSTATIONCODESCOLLECTION ONS-1ONS-2ONS-3'3NS-4ONS-5ONS-6NBFDATESSBNDOW-Avcragi2s.d0)/0:)/'.)6 04/10/9604/17/9604/24/9605/0)/9624t222l222t217t218i222i218i319+215i216i220k216i2IGi217i2)5i223i2)8i219i217i215i220i2)6i2IG+216i215i218i2)3i215t213+214i223i215i2IGi216i2)4+220i216k217i213i215i22li214+216+216i214*221i215+216i216i214i221i16%517i4)6*315i305/08/9605/15/9605/22/9605/29/9619i215i216t218i2I15i215i215i216i215i217i215i214i216i216i215i216i212i214i213i212i212i214i212t214i2'5i216i214i215i215i2)5i216i217i213i214i214i215i215t275iI815i213+2IGi313i315i214i6~JNE06/05/9606/12/9606/19/9606/26/9614i212i2ll+2Il+212i2)2i213i28.6i1.77.4i1.67.8i1.58.3i1.67.2i1.57.5i1.67.4i1.616i214i214i215i215i212i225+212i210i29.9i1.712i2-12i211+216i213i213i213i212i28.8i1.87.9i1.67.2i1.67.8i1.14i214+213i215i713i213i213i212i4QuartetlyAvg.
| |
| 17i815i714iG15i714i613t516i914i714i614+614+7 TABLEB-1ICo~u.)INDIANAMICHIOANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OVGROSSIIETAEMIVI'ERS INWEEKLYAIRBORNEPARTICULATES IlrsnltsInUnitsof10~pCI/nPi2sigmaSTATIONCODESCOLLECTION ONS-1ONS-2ONS-3ONS-4ONS-5ONS-6NBFDATESSBNDOWAve@22k07/03/9607/10/9607/17/9607/24/9607/31/9623i219i221i215i216i222+221i221i220i217i216i219i222i217i216i214i214i218i213i218i222i226t2ISi2.7.0i1.519i219i216i218i221i220i221i219i217i215i213i22lt214i220i215i214i222i2IS+218i216i217%222i17i19i15i17*~V/ST08/07/9608/14/9608/21/9608/28/9618i2(a)23i226i217i220i225t223i217i2I7i219i218i214i216i2ISi219i219*222i223i223t220i224i224i223i219i2ISi224i224i221i218i224i222i220i217i225i222i220i219i18i218i23i223i25i223iPEP'~EM~BE 09/04/9609/11/9609/18/9609/25/9610/02/9633i333i312i223i223i232i334i39.2i1.624i222i226i225i27.8i1.420i218t232i235i229i230i233i232i233i234t233i232i29.7t1.511i29.6i1.5IIi29.6i1.524i226i225i219i227i221i225t222i222i220i229i232i231i30i230i232i9.9i1.59.7i1.510i23t222i223i23i220i222i~~Avg.22*1322i1318i1021i1221i1421i1221i142li1320i122liIl2lila)PumpolI.Samplenotcollected.
| |
| | |
| TABLEB-1I('ont.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCEYflMTIONS OFGI(OSSIll.".IAEMIIfEltSINiVFENLYAIRBORNEPARI'ICULATES Itcsnltslt>Ut>ltsof10"PCI/ni"i2sigmaSTATIONCODESCOLLECTION ONS-1ONS-2ONS-3ONS-4ONS.6ONS.6NBFDATESSBNDOWAveragi2s.dIP/Pg/9617i214iI)3i210/16/9622i227i323i210/23/9620i234i7(a)17i2)0/30/9623i220i219i2NOVEMBER13i225i219i223i216i226i218i221i217i225i218i222+217i224i221i221+221+226i.221i219+217i226i220i224+216i226+220+221+216ie25i21iI21i311/06/9623i11/13/9614i11/20/9619i11/27/9613i12/04/9627iDECEMBER223i228.5i1.6221i2212i2224i221i213i223i2lli223i223k216i223i216i230i218i2(a)20i312i224i223+2(a)22i215i230+2<10(a)16i222i213i225i220i213i224i214i224+221k212i220i215i225i221i216i223i215k229i221i414i522i314i326i512/11/9619i220i212/18/9623i223i212/23/9626i328i312/30/9626i225i220i221i226i324i225i227i229i328i221i224i224i327i226i226+228i328+325i225i229+327i221i227i227i323i223i225i229i326i225i224i229i325i226i525i428i326i322k1022i9AnnualAvg.
| |
| 21ill20i1218i1020+1120i1220i1220ill20i12.20ill20i11QuarterAvg.
| |
| 21i922i1420i923ill21i923i922i1022i922i120i1(a)Lowsamplevolume.(blNopower:blownfuse.Samplenotcollected.
| |
| | |
| TABLEB-2INDIANAMICHICANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTIIATIONS Of'hhlhlA I'.Mllf'flftS'N QUAftTEltI.Y COMPOSITES OFAIRBORNEPARTICULATES ftesnltslnUnitsofIO3pCI/nPi2sigmaStauonsNucudesFfrstQuarter01/01/9604/03/96 SecondQuarter04/03/9607/03/96 ThirdQuartertrr/03/96-10/02/96 FourthQuarter10/02/96-12/30/96 Averagei2s.d.ONS-If3e-7K-40Cs-134CG.137176i18<6<0.3<0.21~).'IJ154.:13i2.03<0.3<0.2159i16<5<0.3<0.293.4i9.3<5<0.3<0.3145+724.33i2.03ONS-2Bc-7K-40CB-134Cs-137139i14<4<0.2<0.2152i159.39i2.26<0.2<0.3160i16<6<0.4<0.396.4J9.64.72i2.21<0.2<0.2137i577.06A6.6ONS-3Be-7K-40Cs.134Cs-137180i183.95i2.28<0.3<0.3124i12<10<0.3<0.3114i11<7<0.2<0.274.7i7.5<7<0.3<0.3123i8.73.95A2.83ONS-4Be-7K-40Cs-134Cs-137172i17<6<0,2<0.2163i16<6<0.3<0.3147i15<4<0.3<0.395.4i9.5<10<0.3<0.3144i68ONS-5Be-7K-40Cs-134Cs-137132i13<7<0.3<0.3140i144.70i2.00<0.3<0.3146i15<5<0.2<0.2101i10<5<0.2<0.2130i404.70S2.00TypfcalLLDsarefoundInTableB-12.Allothergammaemltterswere<LLD.
| |
| | |
| OaTABLEB-2Koui.lINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY.-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTKYI'IONS OFOAMMAEMI'II'EltS'NQUARl'FRLY COMPOSITES OFAIRBORNEPARTICULATES Rcsnlls.InUnllsof103pCI/m3t2sigmaNuclldesFirstQuarter01/01/96O4/03/96 SecondQuarter04/03/9607/03/96 ThirdQuarter07/03/96.10/02/96 FourthQuarter10/02/96-12/30/96AverageX2s.d.ONS-6flc-7K-40CB-134CR-137195X194.39i1.98<0.3<0.3165t16<5<0.2<0.2144+14<4<0.2<0.21042104.14j1.55<0.2<0.2152+764.27+0.4Be-7K-40Cs-134Cs-137153i15<5<0.3<0.3105i112.91k1.48<0.2<0.2127+13<10<0.4<0.3116X12<5<0.3<0.3125+412.912I48SBNBc7K-40Cs-134Cs-137154f153.5121.69<0.2<0.2148i15<4<0.3<0.2115i12<6<0.2<0.2101k10<5<0.2<0.2130k513.51k1.69Be-7K-40Cs-134Cs-137146X15<8<0.3<0.3136i14<4<0.2<0.2152+15<6<0.3<0.397.829.8<6<0.3<0.3133A49Be-7K-40Cs-134Cs-137154215<4<0.2<0.2133k134.47R2.38<0.3<0.31220124.4622.43<0.3<0.388.328.8<7<0.2<0.2124A554.47k0.0TyptcalLLDsarefoundhiTableB-12.Allothergammaem'ltters were<LLO.
| |
| TABLEB-3INDIANAMICH)GANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OVIOI)INE-131 INWEEKLYAIRCARTRIDGE SAMPI.ESRcsilltslilUr>llsof10~pCI/mai2sigmaCOLLECT1ON ONS-1ONS-2ONS-3ONS-4DATESSTATIONCODESONS-5ONS-6SBNDOW01/08/9601/12/9601/18/9601/24/9601/31/96<20<20<10<10<10<10<20<10<10<10<20<30<10<10<10<20<30<10<10<10<7<10<7<10<810<20<10<10<20<20<30<10<20<20<10<30<10<20<20<20<30<10<20<20<9<10<8<10<10FEBRUARY02/07/9602/14/9602/21/9602/28/96<9<7<9<7<8<7<8<7<9<7<8<7<9<7<9<7<6<5<6<5<9<10<10<10<10<1010<10<10<10<10<10<9<10<10<10<6<7<8<8MARCH03/06/9603/13/9603/20/9603/27/96<7<10<10<10<7<7<10<10<10<10<10<10<7<10<10<10ta)<8<6<6(a)<9<6<10<7<7<7<10<8<7<7<10<7<7<7<8<5<5<5Ia)Powerolf;samplenotavailable.
| |
| TABLEB-3Icotn.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCQNCI:NTI&TIONS Ol'OI)INE-131 INWFFKLYAIRCARTRIDGE SAMPLESRtsttitslttUttllsof10~pCI/nPi2sigmaCOLLECTION ONS-IONS.2ONS-3ONS.4DATESSTATIONCOI)ESONS-5ONS.6SBNDOW04/03/9604/10/9604/17/9604/24/9605/01/96(20(20(10(10(10(20<<30<10<10(10(20(20<1010(10(20(2010<10<IO<9<9<6<6<6(20<20<7<6<6<20(20(8<7<8<20<20<8<7<8(20(20<7<7<8(10<10<5<5(505!08/9605/15/9605/22/9605/29/96<10<In(10<10<9<10(10(10(8(10(10(10<9<10<1010<6<6<8<9<10<7(10<10<10<8<10<10<10<8<10<10<10<8*(10<10<6<5<6<8JUNE06/05/9606/12/9606/19/9606/26/96(10<10<10<10<10<10<10(20<8(10(10(10<10<10(10(20<7<6<6<10<10<8<8(20<10<8<8<20<10<8<8(20<10<7<7(20<6<5<5<10 TABLEB-3Icom.IINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENlIIATIONSOlIODINE-13 IINWEEKLYAIRCARTR!DGE SAMPLESResultsI>>UnttsofIG~pCI/>>P+2sigma=COLLECTION ONS-IONS-2ONS-3ONS-4DATESSTATIONCODESONS-5ONS-6SBNDOW88Z07/03/9607/10/9607/17/9607/24/9607/31/96(20<10<10<6<9<20<10<10<6<9(20<10<10<6<8<20<10<10<6<9<9<7<6<5<6<10<8<10<10<10<10<8<10<10<10<10<7<10<9<10<10<8<10<10<10<8<5<9<7<10AUGIG8T08/07/9608/14/9608/21/9608/28/96<10Ia)<10<10<10<8<10<1010<8<10<10<10<8<10<10<8<6<6<6<9<10<7<7<9<10<8<7<7<10<7<7<9<10<8<7<6<6<5<5SEPTEMBER 09/04/9609/11/9609/18/9609/25/9610/02/96<10<6<10<10<10<10<6<10<10<10<10<5<10<10<10<10<5<10<10<10<6<4<6<6<6<7<9<7<7<7<7<10<7<7<7<7<10<7<7<9<7<10<7<7<7<5<7<5<5<7(a)Pumpoff.Samplenotcollected.
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| 0 TABLEB-3((:mu.)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONC('.NTRATIC)NS Ol'OI)INI'.
| |
| ~I:31INWFEKI.YAIRCARTRIDGE SAMPLESRcsnltsliiUnitsnf10"PCI/ni"i2sign>aCOLLECTION ONS-1DATESON8-2ON8-3ONS-4STATIONCODF.SONS-5ONS-6SBNDOW~QBE+10/09/9610/16/9610/23/9610/30/96<610<10<6<4<6<10<10<20(8)<10<6<6<5<10<10<7<4<6<10<5<9<7<6<10<10<7<7<1010<7<7<10<10<7<7<10<7<5<7<7NOVEMBER11/06/9611/13/9611/20/9611/27/9612/04/96<8<20<8<10<7<8<20<8<20<7s<7<20<8<20<7<8<20<9<10<7<6(a)<8<10<5<8(a)<9<10<10<40(a)<20<8<10<10<8<20<9<10<10<9<20<8<10<10<6<20<6<10<7D~ECEMBE12/11/9612/18/9612/23/9612/30/96<10<20<8<10<10<10<8<10<10<10<8<10<10<10<8<10<6<7<6<5<10<8<8<7<10<9<8<6<10<9<8<6<10<8<8<6<8<6<6<4Ia)Lowsamplevolume(b)Nopower,blownfuse.Samplenolcolleeled.
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| | |
| TABLEB.4INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTI)ll(I:CT l&I)lhl'ION MI'.ASUIIIIMENTS
| |
| -QUAIL'ERLY TLDRESULTSlb>>t)lt>>tnUnttsoftnR/stantlard monthSTATIONCODESFIRSTQUARTER01/01/96.04/02/96 SECONDQUARTER04/02/96-07/02/96 THIRDQUARTER(a)FOURTHQUARTER07/02/96-10/02/96 10/02/96-01/02/97 AVERAGE*2s.d.h-IA-2h-3h-4h-5'.6h-7A-8A-9A-10A-11A-120FS-IOFS-2OFS-30FS-4OFS-5OFS-6OFS-7OFS-8OFS-9OFS-10OFS-I1NBFSBNDOWCOLAveragei2s.d.4.1i0.34.0i0.73.3i0.34.6i1.33.8i0.73.8i0.44.0i0.43.9i0.54.0i0.93.4i0.54.1i094.3i0.43.7i0.33.6i0.33.9i0.34.1i0.44.2i0.34.8i0.44.2i0.84.7i0.34.3i0.03.8i0.44.7i0.34.4i0.64.9i0.33.9i0.33.5i0.34.1i0.84.711.9:3.6I0.5):3.:3iI.:3:3.13i0.:33.Ii0.33.3i0.43.4i0.33.9i0.3:3.6i0.43.1i0.335iOr)3.7i0.33.7iI).43.5i0.53.3i0.53.7+0.34.0i0.44.5i0.53.8i0.74.2i0.74.3+1.93.7i0.94.5i0.54.1i0.34.6i0.53.7i1.13.3i0.43.8i0.95.2i0.4r)Ii034.6i0.2r)5i045.0i0.35.0i0.35.1i0.25.Ii0.45.3i0.44.6i0.25).2i0.25.8i1.75.240.35.2i0.55.510.65.6i0.25.5i0.66.6i0.85.7i0.56.1i0.46.0i1.25.3i0.86.1i0.65.7i0.56.6i0.55.0+0.74.8i0.45.4i1.13.3i0.33.3+0.32.9i0.23.5i0.33.4+0.43.4i0.53.1i0.43.7i0.63.5i0.32.8i0.23.4i0.43.5i0.43.2i0.43.2i0.13.9i1.13.6i0.43.7i0.44.4i0.73.5i0.54.2i0.63.9i0.63.3i0.24.4i0.44.0i0.54.5i0.63.4i0.33.0+0.43.6i0.94.3+1.64.0*1.63.5i1.54.4+1.83.9+1.53.9i1.63.9+1.84.2i1.34.1+1.73.5i1.64.1i1.74.3+2.14.0i1.73.9i1.84.2i1.94.3i1.94.4i1.65.1i2.14.3i2.04.8i1.8-4.6i1.94.0i1.84.9i1.64.6+1.65.2i2.04.0+3.43.7+1.64.2i1.7Standardmonth~30.4days.la)Transitdosenotsubtracted I'romtotalsasTLDhadnotbeenptacedInshieldedTLDholder.
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| 0 TABLEB5INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTIIATIONS OFIOI)INI'..
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| TltITIUMANDGAMMAEMI11'ERS'N SURFACEWATERltesttlts InU>>llsofpCI/lllcr i2sigmaSTATIONCollectIon Date1-131K-40SWII(Condenser Circ.)01/31/9602/29/9603/31/9604/30/9605/31/9606/30/9607/31/9608/31/9609/30/96IO/31/9611/30/9612/31/96<I<I<0.7<I<0.5<0.3<0.8<0.4<0.8<0.4I<0.9<80<50<70<100<70<40<50<40<50<90<50<100910k160<100<100100SWL-2(SoulhComp)01/31/9602/29/9603/31/9604/30/9605/31/9606/30/9607/31/9608/31/9609/30/9610/31/9611/30/9612/18/96(a)la)(al<I<0.5<0.4<0.8<OA<0.9<0.4<O.l<I<60<60<80<50<70<50<30<90<100<100<200130280(a)Samplenotcollected.
| |
| ~IcalLLDsarefoundinTableB.]2.Allothergammaemitterswerebelow<LLD.
| |
| TABLEB-SI('ouiIINDIANAMICIIIGAN POWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANT(:ONCI:.N'I'I(ATI()NS I)I'()l)INI'..
| |
| 'I'ill'I'I(JM ANI)GAMMAEMITTERS'N SURFACEWATERItcsnltslnU>>llsofpCI/littr+2sl(!nutSTATIONCollect(on Date1-131K-40SWI3(NorlltContp)01/31/9602/29/9603/31/9604/30/96.05/31/9606/30/960?/31/9608/31/9609/30/9610/31/9611/30/9612/18/96(n)ln)(n)<I<0.5<0.4<0.9<0.4<0.8<0.3I<2(b)<50<60<100<50<90<50<40100<80100100<100(alSamplenotcollected.
| |
| lb)LLDforI-13lnotmetduetothelowsamplevolumerecetved.
| |
| ~VjptcatLLDsarefoundtnTableB-12.Allothergammaemttterswerebelow<LLD.
| |
| | |
| TABLE8.6lNDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY.DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONC!'.NTIIATIONS Ol'IIITIUM ANI)GAMMAFMITTERS'N GROUNDWATER ltr>>tilt>>
| |
| lttUttltsofpCI(lltcr
| |
| +2sigmaSTAT!ONCouectlon Date1-131K-40WeuW-l01/26/!IG04/25/!IG07/25/!IG10/24(!)6<0.4<I(0.8<0.4<90<50<50<<60<200<200100(200WellW-201/25/9604/25/9607/25/9610/24/96<0.4<I<0.9I<50<70<70<<60<200(200(200(200WellW-301/26/9604/25/9607/25/9610/25/96<0.4I<0.8<0.4<50<<100<60<70<200(200<100(200WellW-401/30/9604/25/9607/26/9610/24/96<0.4<0.9(0.8<0.5<90(100(60<50640+14013002200130022001110k200WellW-501/30/9604/26(9607/26/9610/24/96<0.4<I<0.9<0.4<40<50<60<50320214011002200840R130810k150WellW-601/30/9604/26/9607/26/9610/24/96<0.4<1<0.7<0.3<100<80<50<70160022001100220066021208602140'ootnotes locatedatendoftable.
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| | |
| TABLEB.6I('own.IlNDIANhMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCON('I'.h"l ltATI()NS OI'RITIUM ANDGAMMAEMITI'ERS'N GROUNDWATER HrsnltsInUnttsofIiCI/Ittrr
| |
| +2sigmaSTATIONCollection Date1-131K-40WellW-7Ol/26/9604/25/IIG 07/25/116 10/25/96<0.4I<0.8<0.'I<100<60<60<100<2002502140<200<200WellW-S01/26/9604/25/9607/25/9610/24/96<0.4<I<0.9<0.5100<60<40<50<200<200<200<200'WellW-901/25/9604/25/96, 07/25/9610/24/96<0.4I<0.8<0.6<50<70<100<70<200260X140100<200WellW-1001/25/9604/24/9607/25/9610/24/96<0.4<II<0.5<80100<100<50<200(200<200<200WellW-1101/25/9604/24/9607/25/9610/24/96<0.4<I<0.8<0.5<50<50<50<100<20046'60<200<200WellW-1201/25/9604/24/9607/26/9610/24/96<0.4<1<0.7<0.4<50<50<50<90<200<300<200<200~Footnotes locatedatendoftable.
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| | |
| TABLEB6(routIINDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANT(ONC'I'.Nfl(ATI()NS
| |
| ()I'IIITIUM ANDGAMMAEMITTERS'N GROUNDWATER ltriitlta It)Uttllsof1)C)/)lier 22s)gmaSTATIONWellW-13Col!ection Date01/26/960I/24/!)607/25/!)610/25/!)6I-131<0.5I<0.8<0.4K-40100<50<80<60<2003?0+I?0<200210+140WellW-1401/26/9604/25/9607/25/9610/25/96<0.5<I<0.7<0.5<90<100<90<70340k1102000k2005300+3001400021000(a)Averagei2s.d.1659j6060(o)Trtttumresultscont)rmcd byareanalysts.
| |
| 'Pyptca)LLDsaretoundtnTableB.)2.AllothergammacmttterswereLLD.
| |
| | |
| TABLEB-7INDIANAMICIIIGAN PO%VRCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS Ol'ROSSIII;"I'A.
| |
| IOI)INE.TltlTIUMANI)GAMMAEMITI'ERS'N DRINKINGlVATERHts>>ItsI>>U>>ItsofpCI/liter J2slg>>taCOLLECTlON DATELT%'ammaScIodine-131 01/17/9601/31/9602/14/9602/28/9603/13/9603/27/9604/10/9604/24/9605/08/9605/22/9606/05/9606/19/9607/03/9607/17/9607/31/9608/14/9608/28/9609/11/9609/25/9610/09/9610/23/9611/06/9C11/20/9612/04/9612/18/9612/30/964.0X1.02.8X1.03.5i0.92.6i0.93.6iI.I'.2i1.036'.13.6i1.137i1.03.6I1.03.7i1.13.2i1.04.2i1.23.6i1.02.9i1.03.7i1.05.1i1.13.7i1.23.1i0.93.0i1.03.2i0.92.5i0.93.2i1.02.1X0.93.4N1.12.9i1.1<LI.D<LI.D<LLD<LLD<LI.D<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LI.D<LLD<LI.D<LLD~<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<0.2<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.5<0.3<0.3<0.4<0.3<0.4<0.2<0.4<0.5<0.2<0.2<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.4<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.4<200<100100<100Averagei2s.d.3.4i1.2~~lealLU)satefoundIntableB.12.
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| | |
| TABLEB-7(Cone)INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTRATIONS OFGROSSIII".Ib.IODINE.TIZITIUMANDGAMMAEMITIERS'NDRINKINGWATERItcsnlbsInUnllsofpCI/Ilier
| |
| +2sigmaCOLLECTION DATESTJGrossBetaGammaScIodine-131 01/17/960I/31/9602/I4/9602/28/9603/13/9603/27/9604/10/9604/24/9605/08/9605/22/9606/05/9606/19/9607/03/9607/17/9607/31/9608/14/9608/28/9609/11/9609/25/9610/09/9610/23/9611/06/9611/20/9612/04/9612/18/9612/30/963.7X1.029iI.I4.4XI.I2.8X0.93.0XI.I3.7I1.05.7i1.22.3i1.04.3il.l3.4i1.026i1.03.9X1.01.8i1.13.4k1.03.8X1.13.021.03.721.02.6E1.14.121.03.921.13.521.04.1+1.13.1i1.02.0X0.93.0i1.12.5R1.1<I.LD<I.LD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LI.D<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<LLD<0.2<0.2<0.4<0.3<0.4<0.4<0.3<0.4<0.3<0.4<O.l<0.4<0.5<0.2<0.2<0.4<0.3<0.3<G.2<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.3<0.2<200<100<100100Average22s.d.3.4f1.7TypicalLLDsarefoundIntableB-12.
| |
| TABLEB.8INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANT('()N('I:.N'I'Ith'I'l()NS
| |
| ()I')AMMA I'.MITI'EBS'N SEDIMENTlte.ultitntlnltsofI)CI/kpt(try)i2s)gulaStatIonCottectlon DateBe-7K-40CB-137Ra-226Th-228SL-2SL-3SL-2SL-304/16/9604/16/9610/15/9610/15/96<200-<200<200<2006510f6503420X3903490X3505360x540<20<30<20<20<400<700894X317440k23991.8+29.6846S85724k72112220Averagek2s.de4695i301466726424432795~IcalLLDsarefoundIntableB-12.Allothergammaemltterswere<LLD.
| |
| | |
| TABLEB.9INDIANAMICIIIGAN POWERCOMPANY.DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANT('()N(I'.YI'I(AI'I()NS
| |
| ()I'()l)INI'.
| |
| ANI)GAMMAEMITTERS'N MILKlhnitslntlnlt>>of1)CI/liter
| |
| ~2stt.ntaCOLLECTION ANALYSISDATESSIAIIONCODESFREEHLINGLIVINGHOUSE Tl)erewerenomilkanalYsescomplelcd dvrinp.1996duetolackofparllclpanls tornccttl)emlnlmumrcqulrcmcnts oftheREMPprograni.
| |
| Inlieuofnttlk.I'oodandvegetation sampleswereIncreased.
| |
| 0 TABLEB-10INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTItATIONS OlGAMMAEMI'Il'I'.IIS'N IIIIOhl)I.EAF VEGETATION COLLECTED INLIEUOFMILKltrsttlls lnUttllsofpCI/kg(wcl)X2s!gmaCOLLECTION DATE04/24/9604/24/9604/24/9G0I/24/9605/22/9605/22/9605/22/9G05/22/9605/24/9605/24/9605/24/9606/19/9606/19/9606/19/9606/19/9607/17/9607/17/9607/17)9607/17/9608/14/9608/14/9608/14/9608/14/9609/11/96StaUonNewBuffaloONS-IONS-2ONS-8NewBuffaloONS-IONS-2ONS-8SectorJ-20mllesSectorA-BeachSectorA-CabinSectorA-BeachSectorA-BeachSectorA-CabinLlvlnghouse FarmSectorA-BeachSectorA-ONS-ISectorA-CabinSectorJ-FarmSectorA-BeachSectorA-TrailESectorA-ONS-ISectorJ-FarmSectorJ-FarmDeserttlonIlroatllt;tf Ilro;ttlle'tf llroadlcaf Uroadlr.af 13roadlcaf Broadleaf I3roadlcaf l3roadlcaf 13roatlleaf I3roadlea fBroadlcal'roadleaf Broadleaf Broadleaf Broadleaf Broadlcal'roadleaf Broadleaf Broadleaf Broadleaf sadleafBroadleaf Broadleaf Broadleal'e-7 2790+280770i1014460i4504210i420969+126324X167404A74378i82461i86;372i107398f101995+111172021701510A150749k80628k1041220*1501830k210456+204822k106875k1111020+110828+831480+150K-404960+5003620X3605000i5004230X4204650+4603390+34046302460674026704310443049802500416024203600436049002490448024505030+500240022404090k41064902650480024803220232024302240257022604580~4604950+490I-131<20<20<20<20<10<10<1010<10<10<10<6<7<6<6<5<5<5<4<6<6<5<8<4CB-13710<10298+30<20<20<2074.6i9.7<10<1010<20<20<1041.5212.0<10<10<20<30<30<10<20<10<10<10~tealLLDsarefoundIntableB.!2.Allothergamntaemitterswere<I.LD.
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| | |
| TABLEB)0ttcan)INDIANAMICH)CANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONC)'.NTI(ATI()NS
| |
| ()I'iAIDIAI'.%llIII'.l(S'NI)l(OAI)l.l'.AF VI'.GI".I'ATION COLLECTFD INL)EUQFM)LKI)ran)tiIttI)tt)liofIt('I/k)!
| |
| (ivct)12sl)ltttaCOLLECTION DATEStat)onDescrltlonBe-7K-401-131Cs-13709/11/l)6 09/II/9609/Il/9610/09/9610/09/9610/09/9610/09/96SectorA-I)ctc)tScclorA-E:l)carl)SectorA-Cal)tnSec)orJ-FarntScclorA-Trail)3ottndary SectorA-f)eachScclorA-TrollI)rtnNIIc:IfI)ro;ttl)t;tf l)ro;ttllc'tf
| |
| )3fondlcafBroadleaf f)roadlcaf Broadleaf I140+180553g)09758X883420+340929t1852210i.220555i134298023002220+2202390+2404870E4902330+2603230+3202340+230<4<5<4<5<4<4<542.5+19.1<2010<2070.4+22.557.6+18.427.3k15.4Average22s.d.1275R218340182241187.4R189~)ca)LLDsarefoundtntable8-)2.A))othergammaem)tterswere<<LLD.
| |
| k TABLEB-11lNDIANAMIClllGAN POWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANT('()N('I'.NTI(hl'l()NS
| |
| ()I'hMMhI'.MI'fTERS'N FISIIl<<stiltsliiUiiltsofPCI/kgIwrt)t2sign)aCollection DateStationDescrltlo)Be-7K-40Cs-137Ra-226Th-228Or)/31/96 0)/JI/qGOr5/31/96 Or)/:31/96 09/10/9609/10/9609/10/9609/10/96OFS-Sfa)OFS-NONS-NONS-SOFS-NONS-NOFS.SONS-SSterlhrad/Stirkrr Long))osc SurkcrLikeTroutWallcycWalleyeBass/Wallcyc Bass/Walleye 100100100IQO<100100<100~3)10P3r)04200+4202810+2803500+3503360+3403490i3503370i340<2037.1+13.464.6i.13.1<2072.0i16.928.7k12.551.8212.3<300<300<300<300<400<300<300<20<20<20<30<40<20<30Average22s.d.3463k814'0.8236.3lalSamplenotcollected.
| |
| fyplca)LLDsarefoundtntableB-l2.AIIothergammaemitterswere<LLD.
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| | |
| TABLEB-12INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTCONCENTIIATIONS OFGAMMAEMIT'IEIIS'NFOOD/VEGETATION l<<snltslnUnitsolPCI/kg(v:cl)+2SIIimoCOLLECTION DATE09/18/96Of)/18/9609/18/9609/18/96StaUonSectorD-ONS-GSectorJ-OFS-GSectorD-ONS.VScclorJ-OFS-VDescrltlon(ropesGropesLcovcsLcovcsBe-758.6i31.6<503280I3301410i140K-401750i1801630k1602620X2602650R270I-131<6<6<20<10Cs-137<6<6<10<10Averagek2s.d.1583k3235216321096TyptealLLDsarefoundlntableB-l2.Allothergammaemltterswere<LLD.
| |
| | |
| TABLEB-131NDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTGAMMASl'I:.CTl<()MI.".I'ltY I.()KVI'.lt I.IMITSOl')l;I'ECTIONANDREPORTlNG LEVELSIsotoeTech8cLLDRetLevelTILLDTechSccLLDRctLevelCerium-144 Barlun)/La-140 Cesium-134 Ru.Rh-106Ccsl<)m-137Zr.Nb-95Manganese-54 Iron-59Zinc-65Cobalt-60 Cobalt-58 Iodine-131
| |
| 'odlne-131 (a)601010801010101520101020WN/AN/A60N/A60N/AN/AN/A.N/AN/AN/A60N/AN/A1000N/A2000N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A1003050/10750610/15515105510IWater-1literN/A60/1515N/A1830/'I51530301515IIN/A20030N/A50400100040030030010002Cerium-144 Barium/La-140 Cesium-134 Ru,Rh-1'06Ccslum-137 Zr,Nb-95Manganese-54 Iron-59Zinc-65Cobalt-60 Cobalt-58 iodine-131 Iodine-131 (a)Mttk-Clliter3050/107506205151055101N/A60/1515N/A18N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AIIN/A'30060N/A70N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A30.0070.0050.0020.0100.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.040N/AN/A0.06N/A0.06N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A0.07N/AN/A10N/A20N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A0.9(a)Analysisbyradiochemistry andbasedontheassumptions lnProcedure PRO-032-11.
| |
| CharcoalTrap TABLEt3'aa~ii~INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTGAMMASlI:.<-.IIICGII.-.lleY I.I3WI:.It I.IIillsOl:Iil;-I'I:.Cl'ION ANI)REPOIGING LEVELSIsotoTlLLDTechScLLDRetLevelTILLDTechSccLLDRetLevelCrrli>>>>.34Itlarli>>>>/I a.140Ceslii>>>-134 It>>.RI>-106Crsl>>>>>.137Zr.Nb-95Ma>>gancsc 54Iron-59Zinc-65Cobalt-60 Cobalt-58Iodine-131 2002002020020402040402020100N/AN/hI:30N/h150N/h130260260130130N/AN/hN/A1000N/h2000N/h3000010000200001000030000N/A150530200304095060202030ScdlmcntSoll-IK-N/AN/A150N/A180N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/hN/AN/AN/AGrossBeta/Trltlum LLDsandRcrtlnLevelsGrossBetaAlrParticulates DrlnklngWater0.01pCI/m30.01pCI/m32pCI/I4.0pCI/IN/AN/ASurfaceWaterGroundWaterDrinkingWater20020020020002000200020.00020.00020,000(b)Basedontheassumptions Inprocedure PRO-042-5.
| |
| | |
| APPENDIXCANALYTICAL PROCEDUIGM SYNOPSIS67 ANALYTICAL PROCEDUBZS SYNOPSISAppendixCisasynopsisoftheanalytical procedures performed during1996onsamplescollected fortheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant'sRadiological Environmental Monitoring Program.AllanalyseshavebeenmutuallyagreeduponbyAmericanElectricPowerandTeledyneBrownEngineering andincludethoserecommended bytheUSNRCRegulatory Guide4.8,BTP,Rev.1,November1979.ANALYSISTITLEPAGEGrossBetaAnalysisofAirParticulate Samples....
| |
| GrossBetaAnalysisofWaterSamples..~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~69~~~~~~~~~~~~i70AnalysisofSamplesforTritium(LiquidScintillation)....................
| |
| 72AnalysisofSamplesforIodine-131 MilkorWater........'.....
| |
| ~~~~~~~~~~73.73GammaSpectrometry ofSamplesMilkandWater.....
| |
| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~74~~~~~~~~~~~74DriedSolidsotherthanSoilsandSediment.........
| |
| 74FL4.1~~~~~~~~74SoilsandSediments
| |
| .............
| |
| .74CharcoalCartridges (Airiodine)~...............................
| |
| 74AirborneParticulates..........................................
| |
| 74Environmental Dosimetry
| |
| .~~~~~~~~~7668 GROSSBETAANALYSISOFSAMPLESAirborneParticulates Afteradelayoffiveormoredays,allowingfortheradon-222 andradon-220 (thoron)daughterproductstodecay,thefiltersarecountedinagas-flowproportional counter.Anunusedairparticulate filter,suppliedbythecustomer, iscountedastheblank.Calculations oftheresults,thetwosigmaerrorandthelowerlimitofdetection (LLD):RESULT(pCi/m3)((S/T)-(B/t))/(2.22 VE)TWOSIGMAERROR(pCi/m3)=2((S/T2)+(B/t2))1/2/(2.22 VE)LLD(pCi/m3)4.66(B/t/T)//(2.22VE)whcrc:SBETVGrosscountsofsampleincluding blankCountsofblankCountingefficiency NumberofminutessamplewascountedNumberofminutesblankwascountedSamplealiquotsize(cubicmeters)69 DETERMINATION OFGROSSBETAACTIVITYINWATERSAMPLES
| |
| | |
| ==1.0INTRODUCTION==
| |
| | |
| Theprocedures described inthissectionareusedtomeasuretheoverallradioactivity ofwatersampleswithoutidentifying theradioactive speciespresent.Nochemicalseparation techniques areinvolved.
| |
| Oneliterofthesampleisevaporated onahotplate.Asmallervolumemaybeusedifthesamplehasasignificant saltcontent.Ifrequested bythecustomer, thesampleisfilteredthroughNo.54filterpaperbeforeevaporation, removingparticles greaterthan30micronsinsize.Aft.erevaporating toasmallvolumeinabeaker,thesampleisrinsedintoa2-inchdiameterstainless steelplanchetwhichisstampedwithaconcentric ringpatterntodistribute residueevenly.Finalevaporation todresstakesplaceunderheatlamps.Residuemassisdetermined byweighingtheplanchetbeforeandaftermountingthesample.Theplanchetiscountedforbetaactivityonanautomatic proportional counter.Resultsarecalculated usingempirical sell-absorption curveswhichallowforthechangeineffective countingemciencycausedbytheresiduemass.70
| |
| | |
| ==2.0 DETECTION==
| |
| CAPABILITY Detection capability dependsuponthesamplevolumeactuallyrepresented ontheplanchet, thebackground andtheefficiency of.thecountinginstrument, anduponself-absorption ofbetaparticles bythemountedsample.Becausetheradioactive speciesarenotidentified, nodecaycorrections aremadeandthereportedactivityreferstothecountingtime.Theminimumdetectable level(MDL)forwatersamplesisnominally 1.6picocuries perliterforgrossbetaatthe4.66sigmalevel(1.0pCi/1atthe2.83sigmalevel),assumingthat1literofsampleisusedandthat>gramofsampleresidueismountedontheplanchet.
| |
| Thesefiguresarebaseduponacountingtimeof50minutesanduponrepresentative valuesofcountingefficiency andbackground of0.2and1.2cpm.respectively.,
| |
| TheMDLbecomessignificantly lowerasthemountweightdecreases becauseoireducedself'-absorption.
| |
| Atazeromountweight,l)>e4.66sigmaMDLforgrossbetai"0.9picocuries perliter.Thesevaluesreflectabetacountingefficiency of0.38.
| |
| | |
| ANALYSISOFSAMPLESFORTRITHJM(LiquidScintillation)
| |
| WaterTenmilliliters ofwateraremixedwith10mlofaliquidscintillation "cocktail" andthenthemixtureiscountedinanautomatic liquidscintillator.
| |
| Calculation oftheresults,thetwosigmaerrorandthelowerlimitdetection (LLD)inpCi/1:RESULT(N-B)/(2.22 VE)TWQS1GMAERROR=2((N+B)/dt)1/2/
| |
| (2.22VE)LLD4.66(B/ht)>/~/(2.22 VE)where:B2.22Vthegrosscpmofthesamplethebackground ofthedetectorincpmconversion factorchangingdpmtopCivolumeofthesampleinmlefficiency ofthedetectorcountingtimeforthesample72
| |
| | |
| ANALYSISOFSAMPLESFORIODINE-131 MilkorWaterTwolitersofsamplearefirstequilibrated withstableiodidecarrier.Abatchtreatment withanionexchangeresinisusedtoremoveiodinefromthesample.Theiodineisthenstrippedfromtheresinwithsodiumhypochlorite
| |
| : solution, reducedwithhydroxylamine hydrochloride andextracted intotolueneasfreeiodine.Itisthenback-extracted asiodideintosodiumbisulr>te solutionandisprecipitated aspalladium iodide.Theprecipitate isweighedforchemicalyieldandismountedonanylonplanchetforlowlevelbetacounting.
| |
| Thechemicalyieldiscorrected bym"asuring thestableiodidecontentofthemilkorthewaterwithaspecificionelectrode.
| |
| Calculations ofresults,twosigmaerrorandthelowerlimitofdetection (LLD)inpCi/1:RESULTTWOSIGMAERRORLLDwhere:(N/dt-B)/(2.22 EVYDF)2((N/ht+B)/ht)
| |
| /(2.22EVYDF)=4.66(B/ht)
| |
| I/2/(222EVYDF)N=totalcountsfromsample(counts)ht=countingtimeforsample(min)B=background rateofcounter(cpm)2.22=dpm/pCiV=volumeorweightofsampleanalyzedY=chemicalyieldofthemountorsamplecountedDF=decayfactorfromthecollection tothecountingdateE=efficiency ofthecounterforI-131,corrected forselfabsorption effectsbytheformulaEEsEs(exp00085M)/(exp-0.0085Ms) efficiency ofthecounterdetermined froman1-131standardmountMs=massofPdl2onthestandardmount,mgmassofPdl2onthesamplemount,mg?3
| |
| | |
| GAMMASPECTROMETRY OFSAMPLESMilkandWaterA1.0literMarinelli beakerisfilledwitharepresentative aliquotofthesample.Thesampleisthencountedforapproximately 1000minuteswithashieldedGe(Li)detectorcoupledtoamini-computer-based dataacquisition systemwhichperformspulseheightanalysis.
| |
| DriedSolidsotherthanSoilsandSediments Alargequantityofthesampleisdriedatalowtemperature, lessthan100'C.Asmuchaspossible(uptothetotalsample)isloadedintoatared1-literMarinelli andweighed.Thesampleisthencountedforapproximately 1000minuteswithashieldedGe(Li)detectorcoupledtoamini-computer-baseddataacquisition systemwhichperformspulseheightanalysis.
| |
| FishAsmuchaspossible(uptothetotalsample)oftheedibleportionofthesampleisloadedintoataredMarinelli andweighed.Thesampleisthencountedforapproximately 1000minuteswithashieldedGe(Li)detectorcoupledtoamini-computer-based dataacquisition systemwhichperformspiilseheightanalysis.
| |
| nileandedimentsSoilsandsediments aredriedatalowtemperature, lessthan100'C.Thesoilorsedimentisloadedfullyintoa=tared,standard300cccontainer andweighed.Thesampleisthencountedforapproximately sixhourswithashieldedGe(Li)detectorcoupledtoamini-computer-based dataacquisition systemwhichperformspulsehe~ghtanalysis.
| |
| AirborneParticulates Thethirteenairborneparticulate filtersforaquarterly composite foreachfieldstationarealignedoneinfrontofanotherandthencountedforatleastsixhourswithashieldedGe(Li)detectorcoupledtoamini-computer-baseddataacquisition systemwhichperformspulseheightanalysis.
| |
| 74
| |
| | |
| Amini-computer softwareprogramdefinespeaksbycertainchangesintheslopeofthespectrum.
| |
| Theprogramalsocomparestheenergyofeachpeakwithalibraryofpeaksforisotopeidentification andthenperformstheradioactivity calculation usingtheappropriate fractional gammarayabundance, halflife,detectorefficiency, andnetcountsinthepeakregion.Thecalculation ofresults,twosigmaerrorandthelowerlimitofdetection (LLD)inpCi/volume ofpCi/mass:
| |
| RESULTTWOSIGMAERROR(S-B)/2.22 tEVFDF)2(S+B)//(2.22tEVFDF)4.66(B)//(2.22tEVFDF)where:SArea.incounts,ofsamplepeakandbackground (regionofspectrumofinterest)
| |
| | |
| ===Background===
| |
| area,incounts,undersamplepeak,determined byalinearinterpolation oftherepresentative backgrounds oneithersideofthepeak2.22lengthoftimeinminutesthesamplewascounteddpm/pCiDFdetectorefficiency forenergyofinterestandgeometryofsamplesamplealiquotsize(liters,cubicmeters,kilograms, orgrams)fractional gammaabundance (specific foreachemittedgamma)'ecayfactorfromthemid-collection datetothecountingdate
| |
| | |
| ENVIRONMENTAL DOSIMETRY TeledyneBrownEngineering usesaCaS04.'Dy thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD)whichthecompanymanufactures.
| |
| Thismaterialhasahighlightoutput,negligible thermally inducedsignalloss(fading),
| |
| andnegligible selfdosing.Theenergyresponsecurve(aswellasallotherfeatures) satisfies NRCReg.Guide4.13.Transitdosesareaccounted forbyuseofseparateTLDs.Following thefieldexposureperiodtheTLDsareplacedinaTeledyneIsotopesModel8300.Onefourthoftherectangular TLDisheatedatatimeandthemeasuredlightemission(luminescence) isrecorded.
| |
| TheTLDisthenannealedandexposedtoaknownCs-137dose;eachareaisthenreadagain.Thisprovidesacalibration ofeachareaofeachTLDaftereveryfielduse.Thetransitcontrolsarereadinthesamemanner.Calculations ofresultsandthetwosigmaerrorinnetmilliRoentgen (mR):RESULTD=(D>+D2+D3+D~)/4 TWOSIGMAERROR=.2((p,-p)2+(p p)2+(D3-D)2+(D D)2)/3)1/2 WHERE:D1thenetmRofarea1oftheTLD,andsimilarly forD2,D3,andD4D>R1I1K/RI-Atheinstrument readingofthefielddoseinarea1theknownexposurebytheCs-137sourcetheinstrument readingduetotheCs-137doseonarea1averagedoseinmR,calculated insimilarmannerasabove,ofthetransitcontrolTLDsDtheaveragenetmRofall4areasoftheTLD.76
| |
| | |
| APPENDIXDSUMMARYOFEPAINTERLABORATORY COMPARISONS 77
| |
| | |
| EPAInterlaborato~
| |
| Comparison ProgramTeledyneBrownEngineering participates intheUSEPAInterlaboratory Comparison Programtothefullestextentpossible.
| |
| Thatis,weparticipate intheprogramforallradioactive isotopespreparedandatthemaximumfrequency ofavailability.
| |
| Beginning with1996theUSEPAdiscontinued providing milkandairparticulate filtersamples.Forreplacements, wehavepurchased comparable spikedsamplesfromAnalytics, Inc.Inthissection1996datasummarytablesarepresented forisotopesinthevarioussamplemediaapplicable totheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlant'sRadiological Environmental Monitoring Program.Thefootnotes ofthetablediscuss'investigations ofproblemsencountered inafewcasesandthestepstakentopreventreoccurrence.
| |
| 78
| |
| | |
| ~<A~T~KLAHOHATORY COMPARISON PROGRAM1996Environmental Collection DateMediaNuclideEPAResult(a)
| |
| TeledyneBrownEnineeringResult(b)
| |
| Deviation(c) 01/23/96Water01/26/96WaterSr-89Sr-90Gr-AlphaGr-Beta73.0+5.0212.1+7.025.05.05.05.073.67+5.00+19.00+7.1323.210.001.000.210.230.002.390.05(d)02/02/96Water03/08/96Water04/16/96Water1-131H-3Gr-BetaSr-89Sr-90Co-60Cs-134Cs-137Gr-AlphaRa-226Ra-22867.0+7.0166.9+43.0+16.0+31.0+46.0650.0+74.8+3.0+5.0+25.05.05.05.05.05.018.70.51.322002.0+2200.071.57+22000.00+160.00+41.33+15.33231.67242.33252.33+63.67+3.40+3.63+3.060.000.002.310.581.151.531.532.890.000.611.150.00-0.48-0.58-0.230.23-1.270.81-1.031.39-1.8206/07/96WaterCo-60Zn-65Cs-134Cs-137Ba-13399.0+300.0+79.0+197.0+745.0+5.030.05.010.075.099.00+309.33+69.67+202.00+711.00+1.732.081.532.6571.420.000.54-3.230.87-0.79(e)06/21/96WaterRa-226Ra-2284.9+9.0+0.72.35.50+9.7320.260.461.480.5507/l2/9607/l9/96OH/09/96iVatcrKV>terIVatcrSr-89Sr-90Gr-AlphaGr-Betafl-325.0+12.0k24.4+44.825.05.06.15.010879.0+1088.022.67+12.33+1.531.1522.67+0.5R45.33+2.089800.00+346.41-0.810.12-0.490.18-1.7209/27/96WaterRa-226Ra-22814.0+4.7+2.11.214.00+6.2021.000.500.002.1710/02/96Waterl0/15/96Water1-131Gr-AlphaRa-226Ra-228Gr-BetaSr-89Sr-90Co-60Cs-134Cs-137'9.129.925.1+111.8,+10.0+25.0215.0+20.0R30.0+14.81.51.316.85.05.05.05.05.027.0+6.026.33255.671+10.00+5.47+110.029.00226.002I4.'67+19.67+29.33+2.315.030.000.310.000.001.001.531~151.15-0.19-0.400.120.49-0.19-0.350.35-0.12-0.12-0.2379 zilA.LcvLELcLctlDUIcAL vlf,z4~gvu~evilIIcvtÃcLBJTI AvvoFnvixonmental Collection DateMediaNuclideEPAResult(a)
| |
| TeledyneBrownEnineerfngResult(b)
| |
| Deviation(c) 10/25/96WaterGr-AlphaGr-Beta10.3+5.034.6~5.09.03+39.67+0.72-0.440.581.7611/08/96WaterCo-60Zn-65Cs-134Cs-137Ba-13344.0+5.035.025.011.025.019.0+5.064.026.044.67+38.67212.00+20.67256.67+0.580.230.581.270.000.351.150583.21-2.12(g)12/06/96WaterRa-226Ra-22820.1+3.010.2+2.620.33+10.33+0.580.130.580.09Footnotes:
| |
| (a)(b)(c)(d)(c)fnEPAResults-Expected laboratory precision (1sigma).UnitsarepCi/liter forwaterandmilkexceptKisinmg/liter.
| |
| UnitsaretotalpClforairparUculate Alters.TclcdvneResults-Average+onesigma.UnitsarepCi/liter forwaterandmilkexceptKlsinmg/liter.
| |
| UnitsaretotalpCiforafrpartfculate filters.Normalized dcviaUonfromtheknown.Thevariation wasduetoself-absorpUon properties oftheEPAsamplematrix.OnfutureEPAwatersamplesofthistype,wewilldetermine theoverallalphacountingefficienc byspikingthcmatrixwithTh-230fnaccordance withtheirrecentadvisory.
| |
| Toverifythecauseforthedeviation.
| |
| aCs-134standardhasbeenpurchased.
| |
| IfthcCs-134cmcfcncyislowerthantheefficiency at604KeVand795KeV,thenratherthanchangethosecfficicncics (whichmaybeneededforotherisotopesofcomparable energies).
| |
| theCs-134branching intensity shallbeadjusted.
| |
| Erroneously lo~ceriumyieldswereobtainedinback-extraction fromriuEHP.Greatercaretobctakenduring~'k-extracUon.
| |
| Ifthisoperation isincomplete.
| |
| theceriumcarrieryieldbecomeslowerthantheAc-228yield.Theprocedure hadbeenrevisedtorequireadditional back-cxtractions forlongerperiodsofUmetoensurethatproperceriumcarrieryieldsareobtained.
| |
| Theprocedure isunderreviewtodetermine ifadditional back-extracUons arerequired.
| |
| (pJThccauseforthedeviaUoncouldnotbespecffically determined.
| |
| Sampleswereanalyzedintriplfcate onthreedifferenHPGedetectors providing resultswithgoodprecision (lessthanl1%deviaUon).
| |
| Thevaluescalculated bythcsoftwareforeachdiscreteenergylineofBa-133-wercalsoinagreement indicaUng anexcellent cfficicncy versusenergycaifbraUon At.Useofavalidbranching raUointhecalculaUon wasverified.
| |
| TheiniUalaliquotwasveriAedandtheCo-60,Cs-134.andCs-137valueswereinexcellent agreement withtheknown.AspecifictrendoverUmewasnotapparentinthedata,howeverthenormalized deviaUoncalculated fromtheEPAappearstodecreaseasthcknownactivityincreases.
| |
| Nocorrective actionsareanUcipated atthisUme.Futureanalyseswillbemonitored toidenUfyanypotenUaltrendtowardan"outofcontrol"condiUon.
| |
| 80 ANALYTICS CROSSCHECKCOMPARISON PROGRAM1996SampleIDMediaNuclideTele'eBrownEnineeringResult(a)Analytics ResultRatio(b)E0633-396 TI¹1191203/12/96Water1-131Ce-141Cr-51Cs-134Cs-137Co-58Mn-54Fe-59Zn-65CO-6039+89K330253k65+49+37k93+100+81+59305754910836+88+322+58+64+48+31+83+97+76~2163'3224541.081.011.020.911.021.021.191.121.031.07E0635-396 MilkTI¹1191403/12/961-131Ce-141Cr-51Cs-134Cs-137Co-58Mn-54Fe-59Zn-65Co-60162240+880+150+180+140+93+250x260+220+620902020109303020132234+858+154+170+128+84+223+260+204+112438964ll13101.231.031.030.971.061.091.11l.121.001.08E0632.396 WaterTl<<1191103/12/96Sr-89Sr-9030+23+24+21+1.251.10E0634.396 Tl<<1191403/12/96E0636.396 Tl<<1191303/12/96MilkWaterSr-89Sr-90ll-330+1722800220031216+2982+1490.971.060.94E0746.396 Tl<<1922006/19/96AirFilterGrossAlphaGrossBeta37+150+310352144+1.061.04E0747-396 Tl¹1922106/19/96AirFilterCe-141Cr-51Cs-134Cs-137Co-58Mn-54Fe-59Zn-65Co-60310+910a210a690+190t140+180+30902070201020500+501200+100400+1048231027642173k2052"16389559228144%710825156+81.251.151.00l.191.211.231.321.301.1581
| |
| | |
| ANAIYTICSCROSSCHECKCOMPARISON PROGRAM1996SampleIDMediaNuclideTeledyneBrownEninecringResult(a)Analytics ResultRatio(b)E0748-396 AirFilterSr-90TI¹1922206/19/9671+374240.96E0749-396 AirFilterSr-90Tl¹1922306/19/9646+349+20.94E0750-396 AirFilterSr-90TI¹1922406/19/9666+463k31.05Footnotes (a)TeledyneResults-countingerroristwostandarddeviations.
| |
| UnitsarepCI/liter forwaterandmilk.Forgammaresults.iftwostandarddeviations arelessthan10%,thena10%erorisrcportcd.
| |
| UnitsaretotalpCIforairparticulate filters.(blRatiooi'Teledyne BrownEngineering toAnalytics results.82 0
| |
| 80EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMGROSSALPHAINAIRPARTICULATES (pg.1of1)604020201981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993199419951996aTlk3Sigma0EPAk3SigmaTheUSEPAdiscontinued airparticulate fittersamplesin1996.
| |
| EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAM160GROSSBETAINAIRPARTICULATES (pg.1of1)140120100806040200.1981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993199419951996D,TIk3SigmaoEPAk3SigmaTheUSEPAdiscontinued airparticulate fillersamplestn1996.
| |
| EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAM80STRONTIUM-90 INAIRPARTICULATES (pg.1of1)70605040302010-102019811982198319841985198619871988198919901991199219931994199519960TI23Sigma oEPA+3SigmaTheUSFPAdisconlinued airparliculale lillersamaplesin1996.
| |
| | |
| 80EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMCESIUM-137 INAIRPARTICULATES (pg.1of1)604020-201981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993199419951996Tlt3SigmaoEPAk3SigmaTheUSEPAdiscontinued airparticulate fillersamplesin1996.
| |
| 100EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMSTRONTIUM-89 INMILK(pg.1of1)806040200o201981198219831984198'9861987198819891990199119921993199419951996aTli3SigmaoEPAg3SigmaTheUSEPAdisconlinued milksamplesin1996.
| |
| 0 80EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMSTRONTIUM-90 INMILK(pg.1of1)604020201981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993199419951996oTIk3SigmaoEPAa3SigmaTheUSEPAdisconlinued milksamplesin1996.
| |
| 2600EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMPOTASSIUM-40 INMILK(pg.1'of1)24002200180016001400120010006001981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993199419951996oTl%3SigmaoEPAi3SigmaTheUSEPAdiscontinued milksamplesin1996.
| |
| | |
| 160EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMIODINE-131 INMILK(pg.1of1)140120100806040202019811982198319841~85198619871988198919901991199219931994199519960Tlf3SigmaoEPA+3SigmaTheUSEPAdisconlinued milksamplesin1996.
| |
| | |
| 100EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMCESIUM-137 INMILK(pg.1of1)80600CL40201981198219831984198.'98619871988198919901991199219931994199519960Tli3SigmaoEPAk3SigmaTheUSEPAdiscontinued milksamplesln1996.
| |
| 180EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMGROSSALPHAINWATER(pg.1of1)160140120100806040202019841985198619871988198919901991199219931994199519961997Tlt3SigmaoEPAt3Sigma 260EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMGROSSBETA1NWATER(pg.2of2).2201801401006020o-20198619871988198919901991199219931994199519961997oTli3Sigma0EPAa3Sigma
| |
| | |
| EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMGROSSBETAINWATER(pg.1of2)220200180160140leO120100804020-20198119821983198419851986Tl23sigma<EPAa3sigma t
| |
| 30000EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMTRITIUMINWATER(pg.2of2)25000200001500010000500019851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619978Tlk3Sigma0EPAa3Sigma
| |
| ~+~~e~~~~I~~IIII~~~~I~I~t~I~~I~I EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMlOD1NE-131 1NWATER(pg.1of1)180140'I006020-20198119831985198'9891991199319951997oTla3SigmaoEPAI3Sigma
| |
| | |
| EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMCOBALT-60 INWATER(pg1of2)1008060402000-2019811982198319841985198619871988aTIX3sigma oEPAt3sigma
| |
| '120EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAlVI COBALT-601N WATER(pg.2of2)80604020-2019881989-199019911992199319941995199619970Tlk3Sigma0EPA+3Sigma EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMCESIUM-134 INWATER(pg.2of2)806040CDCD20-2019881989199019911992199319941995199619970Tl13SigmaoEPAk3Sigma 0
| |
| 4IIL~~~~~~~I0~40 V0 120EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMCESIUM-137 INWATER(pg.2of2)10080604020-201988198919901991199219931994199519961997oTlk3Sigma-oEPA+3Sigma
| |
| | |
| EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMCESIUM-137 INWATER(pg.1of2)80604020-201981198219831984198519861987Tli3sigmaoEPAf3s',gma 100EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMSTRONTIUM-89 INWATER(pg.2of2)806040202019851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619970Tlk3SigmaoEPAi3Sigma
| |
| | |
| EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMSTRONTIUM89 INVfATER(pg.1of2)100806040DCL20-2019811983198419850Tli3sigmaoEPAk3sigma
| |
| | |
| 80EPACROSSCHECKPROGRAMSTRONTIUM-90 INWATER(pg.1of1)604020201981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993199419951996'1997Tlk3SigmaoEPAk3Sigma
| |
| | |
| APPENDIXEREMPSAMPLINGANDANALYTICAL EXCEPTIONS 107
| |
| | |
| PROGRAMEXCEPTIONS AIRPARTICULATES On01/24/96, attheSouthBendairstation,astrongwindgustblewtheparticulate filterfromthesamplerheadandthefilterwaslost.Anenhancement wasaddedtotheprocedure, directing theusertopre-loadsampleheadsor.changefiltersinsidethevehicleifinclement weatherconditions exist.On03/06/96, itwasdiscovered thatelectricpowerwasoffatairstationsONS-5andONS-6.Atechnician walkeddownthepowerlineanddiscovered thatthelinefusewasopen.On08/14/96.
| |
| theONS-1samplepumplostpower.The'particulate and12sampleswerenotobtained.
| |
| On10/23/96.
| |
| theONS-2pumpwasfoundwiththebreakertripped.Thesamplepumponlyranfor34hours.On11/06/96theairparticulate and12resultsfromNewBuffalowereconsidered invalidasthesamplepumppulledanaverageof7.6LPMduringthe7daymonitoring period.On11/13/96powerwaslostatstationsONS-5andONS-6duetoatrippedfuseline.Noparticulate or12sampleswereobtained.
| |
| Throughout.
| |
| theyear,theairparticulate grossbetaresultsdidnotmeettheODCMLLDof.01pCi/m~.Thisisconsistent withhistorical results.SURFACEWATERlWiniericingconditions onLakeMichiganprevented surfacewatersamplecollections atbeachlocations (SWL-2andSWL-3)from01/01/96to03/31/96.
| |
| Wintericeclearedandsamplingresumedon04/Ol/96.
| |
| Inclement weatherprevented samplecollection on10/30/96atlocations SWL-2andSWL-3.Beginning on12/18/96throughtheendoftheyear,surfacewatersampleswerenotobtainedfromlocations SWL-2andSWL-3duetothereturnoficeattheshoreline.
| |
| OnOl/22/97TeledyneBrownEng.reportedthattheiodine-131 resultforstationSWL-3wasmorethan1.0pCi/liter (2.0pCi/liter) inDecember.
| |
| Thiswasattributed tothedecreased amountofsamplewatersenttothelabforanalysis.
| |
| 108
| |
| | |
| GROUNDWATEROn01/26/96wellsamplesW1,W3,W4,W5,W6.W7,W8,W13,W14,SG-2,SG-4andSG-5werenotcollected duetoinclement weatherandelectricpoweravailability.
| |
| However,allweresubsequently sampledwithinthe25%graceperiod.GrossbetaresultsfromstatiohsSG-1.SG-2,SG-4,andSG-5onOl/25.04/25,07/26,and10/25/96werehigherthantheODCMLLDof4.0pCi/liter.
| |
| Thisisconsistent withhistorical data.On07/25/96, groundwater fromwell-14measuredatritiumresultof5,300pCi/liter andon10/25/96theresultfromwell-14was14,000pCi/liter.
| |
| ThisexceededtheODCMLLDof2000'pCi/liter.
| |
| DRINKINGWATEROnseveraloccasions thegrossbetaLLDfailedtomeettheODCMLLDof4.0pCi/liter attheSt.JosephandLakeTownshipFacilities.
| |
| Thisisconsistent withhistorical information.
| |
| Itappliestocomposite samplesfromSt.Joseph:02/02-02/14, 03/28-04/10, 04/25-05/08, 09/12-09/25 andIO/24-11/06.
| |
| FromLakeTownshipfacilitythecomposite sampleswere:03/14-03/27.
| |
| 06/20-07/03.
| |
| and08/15-08/28.
| |
| Inaddition, theLakeTownshipdrinkingwatersamplefrom04/30/96wasnotcollected.
| |
| Thesamplecollector failedtoobtainthesample.Thiswasonlythesecondincidentofamisseddrinkingwatersamplesince1987andtheincidentwasattributed towaterlabtechnician oversight.
| |
| BROADLEAF SAIVB'LES INLIEUOFMILESAMPLESDuringl996nomilksampleswereobtainedbecausetwor,-'hethreeIndicator farmsdroppedfromtheprogram.Noreplacement farmscouldbelocated.PertheOffsiteDoseCalculation Manual,broadleaf samplesweresubstituted inlieuofmilksamples.Monthlybroadleaf sampleswerenotobtainedduringthefirstquarterof1996duetoseasonunavailability.
| |
| InAprilbroadleaf samplingbegan.InMayitwasdiscovered that.procedural directions, intheODCM,indicating wheretoobtainthe,indicator broadleaf samplesweremisinterpreted duringAprilsamplecollection.
| |
| Broadleaf sampleshadbeenobtainedfromthethreehighestD/Qlandsectorsinsteadofobtaining threeindicator samplesfromthehighestD/Qlandsector.Thiswascorrected fortheMaybroadleaf samples.Broadleaf cesium-.137 LLDresultsfromstationONS-2was298.0pCi/kgon04/24/96and74.6pCI/kgon05/22/96.
| |
| TheODCMLLDis60pCi/kgforcesium-137.
| |
| Allothergammaemittingradionuclides resultsmetrespective LLDsforMay1996.109 l0 On10/09/96, thebroadleaf cesium-137 resultwas)60pCi/kg(70.4pCi/kg)insectorA.Theothertwosamplelocations insectorAshowedIresults(60pCi/kg.Broadleaf sampleswerenotobtainedinNovemberandDecember1996duetoseasonunavailability.
| |
| FISHNofishwerecollected atlocationOFS-Son05/31/96.
| |
| TLDsThetransitdoeswasnotsubtracted fromtotalsforthethirdquarterTLDs.ThetransitTLDwasinadvertently notplacedintheshieldedTLDholder.110
| |
| | |
| APPENDIXF1996LANDUSECENSUS
| |
| | |
| APPENDIXFSUMMARYOFTHE1996LANDUSECENSUSTheLandUseCensusisperformed toensurethatsignificant changesintheareasintheimmediate vicinityoftheplantsiteareidentified.
| |
| Anyidentified changesareevaluated todetermine whethermodifications musttbemadetotheREMPorotherrelatedprograms.
| |
| Nosuchchangeswereidentified duringthe1996LandUseCensus.Thefollowing isasummaryofthe1996results.MilkFarmSurveThemilkfarmsurveyisperformed toupdatethelistofmilkfarmslocatedintheplantarea,toidentifytheclosestmilkfarmineachlandsector,andtoidentifythenearestmilkanimal'hose milkisusedforhumanconsumption.
| |
| ThemilkfarmsurveyfortheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantwasconducted onJuly2.1996.In1996thereweretwodeletions totheMichiganDepartment ofAgriculture's listofdairyfarmsinBerrienCountyMichigan.
| |
| Oneofthedeletedfarmshadpreviously participated intheREMPMilkSamplingProgram.Thepr'eviously identified milkanimal,agoatowne~bySueDormancontinues tobe'heclosestmilkproducing animaltotheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantwhosemilkisusedforhumanconsumption.
| |
| Theclosestedgeoftheanimalspastureis13,425feetfromthePlant'scenterline axis.ResidenQal SurveTheresidential surveyisperformed toidentifytheclosestresidence ineachlandsectorsurrounding theDonaldC;CookNuclearPlant.Theresidential surveywascompleted onJuly2,1996.Therewasonenewresidential buildingpermitsissuedbyLakeTownshipduring1996.Inadditionadoor-to-door surveywasthenconducted usingalocalareamap.Theclosestresidence totheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantineachsectorremainsunchanged fromthepreviousyear.112
| |
| | |
| Broadleaf~Surve Inaccordance withOffsiteDoseCalculation Manual,broadleaf vegetation samplingisperformed inlieuofagardencensus.Broadleaf samplingisperformed tomonitorforplantimpactontheenvironment.
| |
| Thesamplesareobtainedatthesiteboundary.
| |
| Thebroadleaf analytical resultsfor1996werelessthantheTechnical Specification LLDs.'13
| |
| | |
| Figure4INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY-DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTMilkFarmSurvey-1996SurveySectorYearDistanceMilesAddressBDGabN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A13.95.110.510.56.84.14.17.07.07.77.71212NomilkfarmsNomilkfarmsNomilkfarmsNomilkfarmsNomilkfarmsNomilkfarmsWilliamNimtzGeraldTotzkeAndrewsUniversity AndrewsUniversity LeeNelsonLeeNelsonG.G.Shuler&SonsG.G.Shuler&SonsGeorgeFreehling GeorgeFreehling JerryWarmbeinJerryWarmbeinKennethTappanKennethTappanN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A3445ParkRd.,EauClaire6744TotzkeRd.,BarodaBerrienSpringsBerrienSpringsRFD1,Box390A,SnowRd.BarodaRFDl.Box390A,SnowRd.Baroda*RFD1,SnowRd.,BarodaRFD1,SnowRd..Baroda2221W.GlendoraRd.,Buchanan2221W.Gtc.i.uora Rd.,Buchanan14143MillRd.,ThreeOaks14143MillRd.,ThreeOaksRt.2,KrugerRd,ThreeOaksRt.2,KrugerRd,ThreeOaksAllothersectorsarcoverwater.(a)Reporting Year(b)Yearpriortoreporungyear.114
| |
| | |
| Figure5INDIANAMICHIGANPOWERCOMPANY.DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPLANTltrsl<l<>>tin)
| |
| I>>>>dUscSurvey-I!)96SectorHouselt)InFeetProert¹StrcctAddress13216.216I2)621653093309357335733II-I1.0006-0004-'01-7 II-II-ooo6-ooon
| |
| -o)-7II-II-ooo6.ooon-o9-2 11-11-0006 0004-09-2 II-II-6800.0028-00-0 II-I1-6800-0028.00-0
| |
| )1-11-0005-0036.0)
| |
| -8II~I1-0005-0036-0)
| |
| -8lierDrive.RosemaryDcaclilierDrive.RosemaryBeachlierDrive,Rosemaryl3cachlierDrive.Roscntary B<ac))LakeRoad.RosemarylicacliLakeRoad,Rosemary13cach7500ThorlonDrive7500ThortonDriveFVl1010563)56315392539237283728494449443366336630903090II-I).0005.0009-07-0 II-I)-0005-0009-07-0 11-11-0008-0015-03-1 1)-)1-0008-0015-03-1 II-I1-0007-0013-01-4 11-11-0007-0013-01-4 II-I1-8600-0004-00-1 11-1)-8600-0004-00-1 II-I1-0007-00)0-02-3 II-I1-0007-00 10-02-3II-I1-0007-0010-03-1 11-11-0007-0010-03-1 7927RcdArrow7927RcdArrow8197RcdArrow8197RcdArrowLivingston RoadLivingston RoadWildwoodWI)dwoodL)v)ngsto<>
| |
| HillsLivingston IIillsLlvlngston Hl)lsLivingston Hills)Iig)1wayIllghtvayHlglnvayH)ghway[I)House¹indicated Istherel'erence numberusedonmapwhenobtaining therawAciddata.la)Reporting Yearlb)Yearprtortoreporongyear.
| |
| | |
| DONALDC.COOKNUCLEARPOWERPLANT10MlLEEPZBERRlENCOUNTY1996uILKFA(I.'lStr'R)jrY rnH~~~I~~~~~alaHI,S'r.A.((aI~~IWt~I~Cnj'I~Ie~!~IS0~360AIIspeltHl(r'MB.I(ll301+iIl(n((jsIxaI~I~I,x8~R~eI~(EtpxI~~,+(s(t(I~~II'I~~~~IS(SI(wI4(I!ne'sisstjtg, 0(Isjs(I~~ls'...II'ets~rt~IsIs~s(Soot~N~~~oapsst~)I.O'>I)III(~as"jl~IJp~s)~III(lII~~~(s)~~~~~~~\~II~II!)I(7~.I()otsn'"sI~nttsI~~~(~ax((m~we!I"-"ii'aI&lat/PI7I(InesP.IiPtgS.W~~cf'b,~)WSaon(sn'l>>W~e$~IIV]~1~,~~~~~Ia(s)AI',t.Iyswats3I~,II~I~re~~l3Vsp)sCroenst770"/pIrwwI~ClosetsnllsSueDorsssn~~IwIt~'AnltseII~~~I~'I~~~i~~~~~~ttea,~IIIgle(I;t~>,lerg733AndrewsIjnlverslty or~w~s(oI~l!I1$(~I~~~Itjr4~EIt(wwO(rIgHllsAI~t~'t~~~~'Ii''~s',I.~A~r,~E'~~~~~;~~/~oI~soot~37Scnu(p-i=t5sjex'3=I~Aw"I~I~Et',w~"I~I~HIA'.4IIWt~I~nlroyIIrslje25ClsjII.~~ellIonnusretseln
| |
| ~s'I0.).o(tasct
| |
| ~I~twI(0E00o'i~I8ro(!assn lerel("es3'I~i(onI~xl~w~wreu~rI,~j,rwow~rVWwtgs~Q~~70PsyneIP.I.o(necss I~~~~~lln(.;,'1((ys')"
| |
| pptns~wttI~l-:H')~,Io~oI:ls!Psso~rs'~~l'Arl'te(~Isa)All;"'/~'"lICs116
| |
| | |
| vOigI):--Q4]ma:Yr((prQo/,t.,/I,,OB~4$vl'~Z~go0,TjrgO~/';'O)gg/VtQs/-///Il)-e~()/!~~J('96RESIDEHTIAL LANDUSESURVEY
| |
| | |
| APPENDIXGSUMMARYOFTHEPRE-OPERATIONAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM118
| |
| ~I SUlVQ~YCFTHEPRE<OPERATIONAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAMApreoperational radiological environmental monitoring programwasperformed fortheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantfromAugust1971untiltheinitialcriticality ofUnit1onJanuary18,1975.Theanalysesofsamplescollected inthevicinityoftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantwereperfGrmed byEberlineInstrument Corporation.
| |
| Thesummaryofthepreoperational programpresented inthisappendixisbasedonthesevensemi-annual reportscoveringtheperiod.Thepurposeofthissummaryistoprovideacomparison oftheradioactivity measuredintheenvironsoftheDonaldC.CookNuclearPlantduringthepre-start upofUnit1andtheradioactivity measuredin1996.AsstatedinthereportfortheperiodofJuly1toDecember31.1971~thepurposesofapreoperational radiological monitoring programinclude:(a)-Toyieldaveragevaluesofradiation levelsandconcentrations ofradioactive materialinvariousmediaoftheenvironment.
| |
| (b)Toidentifysamplelocations and/ortypesofsamplesthatdeviatefromtheaverages.
| |
| (c)Todocumentseasonalvariations thatcouldbeerroneously
| |
| >t~rpreted whenthepowerstationisoperating.
| |
| (d)Toindicatetherangeofvaluesthatshouldbeconsidered "background" forvarioustypesofsamples.(e)To"prooftest"theenvironmental monitoring equipment andprocedures priortooperation ofthenuclearpowerstation.(h)Toprovidebaselineinformation thatwillyieldestimates ofthedosetoman,ifany,whichwillresultfromplantoperation."
| |
| Thediscussion t,hatfollowsisforthevarioussamplemediacollected andanalyzedinboththepreoperational periodandduring119
| |
| | |
| 1996.Ana]ysesperformed duringthepreoperational butnotrequiredin1996,arenotdiscussed.
| |
| Thegrossbetaactivityinairparticulate filtersrangedfrom00-'0.17pCi/m3fromthemiddleof1971tothe'middle of1973.1973andinJuneof1974thepeople'sRepublicofChinadetona<<datmospheric nucleartests.Asaresulttherewereperiodsduringwhichthegrossbetaresultswereelevatedtoashighas0.45pCi/m3statistically significant differences betweenindicator andbackground stations.
| |
| Bytheendofthepreoperational periodthevalueswereapproximately 0.06pCi/m3.Thegammarayana]ysesofcomposited airparticulate filtersshowed"traceamounts"offissionproducts, Ce-144,Ru-106,Ru-103.Zr-95andNb-95,theresu]tsoffa]]outfrompreviousatmospheric nucleartests.Cosmogenically producedbervllium-7 wasalsodetected.
| |
| Thedirectradiation background asmeasuredbythermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD)rangedbetween1.0andnirem/week duringthethreeandone-halfyearsperiod.Milksamplesduringihepreoprationalperiodwereanalyzedf<<iodine-]3]
| |
| andbygammaray-spectroscopy (andforstrontium-89 andstrontium-90).
| |
| Allsampleshadnaturally occurring potassium-40 withvaluesrangingbetween520and2310pCi/liter.
| |
| Cesium-137 wasnie;isurcd inmanysamplesafterthetwoatmospheric nucleartestsnicntioned above.Thecesium-137 activityrangedfrom8to33pCi/>><<r.iodine-13]
| |
| wasmeasuredinfourmilksamplescollected July9.1974.Thevaluesrangedbetween0.2and0.9pCi/liter.
| |
| Lakewatersampleswerecollected andanalyzedfortritium>>d bygammarayspectroscopy.
| |
| Trii.iumactivities werebelow1000pCi/>><<randtypically averagedabout.400pCi/liter.
| |
| Noradionuclides w<<edetectedbygammarayspectroscopy.
| |
| ]20
| |
| | |
| Gammarayspectroscopy analysesoflakesedimentdetectednaturalabundances ofpotassium-40, uranium,and thoriumdaughters, andtracesofcesium-137 below0.1pCi/gwhichisattributed tofallout.Gammaspectroscopy analysesoffishdetectednaturalabundances ofpotassium-40 andtracesofcesium-137, thelatterattributed tofallout.Drinkingwateranalysiswasnotpartofthepreoperational program.
| |
| 0 APPENDIXHSUMMARYOFTHESPIKEANDBLANKSAMPLEPROGRAM122
| |
| | |
| TELEDYNEBRO~ENGPlEERING QUALITYCONTROLPROGRAMThegoalofthequalitycontrolprogramatTeledyneBrownEngineering istoproduceanalytical resultswhichareaccurate, preciseandsupported byadequatedocumentation.
| |
| Theprogramisbasedontherequirements of10CFR50,AppendixB,NuclearRegulatory Guide4.15andtheprogramasdescribed inQualityAssurance ManualIWL-0032-395 andQualityControlManualIWL-0032-365.
| |
| Allmeasuring equipment iscalibrated forefficiency atleastannuallyusingstandardreference materialtraceable toNIST.Foralphaandbetacounting, checksourcesarepreparedandcountedeverydaythecounterisinuse.Controlchartsaremaintained with'threesigmalimitsspecified.
| |
| Controlofthealpha-beta countingequipment isdescribed inprocedure PRO-032-27, "Calibration andControlofAlpha/Beta Counters".
| |
| Backgrounds areusuallymeasuredatleastonceperweek.Thegammaspectrometers arecalibrated annuallywithaNISTtraceable standardreference materialselectedtocovertheenergyrangeofthenuclidestobemonitored andtoincludeallofthegeometries measured.
| |
| Backgrounds aredetermined everyotherweekandchecksourcesarecountedweekly.Theenergyresolution andefficiency wereplottedattwoenerpvlevelsonchartsandheldwithinthreesigmacontrollimits.FromJanuaryI,1996December31,1996theenergylevelswere59.5and1332KcV.This-;oc.dure isdescribed inPRO-042-44.
| |
| "Calibration andControlofGammaRaySpectrometers".
| |
| Theefficiency oftheliquidscintillation countersisdetermined atleastannuallybycountingNISTtraceable standards whichhavebeendilutedinaknownamountofdistilled waterandvariousamountsofquenching agent.Theprocedure isdescribed inPRO-052.-35.
| |
| "Determination ofTritiumbyLiquidScintillation".
| |
| Thebackground ofeachcounterismeasuredwitheachbatchofsamples.Acontrolchartismaintained forthebackground andchecksourcemeasurements asastability check.Preparation ofcarriersolutions andacceptability criteriaarecontained inprocedure PRO-032-49 "Standardization ofRadio-chemical Carrier123
| |
| | |
| Solutions".
| |
| Preparation ofefficiency calibration standards andchecksourcesisdescribed inprocedure PRO-032-27, "Calibration andControlofAlpha/Beta Counters".
| |
| ResultsarereviewedbeforebeingenteredintothedatasystembytheQualityAssurance orLaboratory Manager,orsupervisors forreasonableness oftheparameters (background, efficiency, decay,etc.).Anyresultswhicharesuspect,=being higherorlowerthanresultsinthepast,arereturnedtothelaboratory forrecount.Ifalongercount,'ecay check,recountonanothersystemorrecalculation doesnotgiveacceptable resultsbasedonexperience, anewaliquotisanalyzed.
| |
| Thecompleteinformation aboutthesampleiscontained ontheworksheet(s).
| |
| Nodeviations fromwrittenprocedures occurredduring1996.124
| |
| | |
| ResultsofDuplicate Analysesfor1996SamleeAnalsisFirstAnalsisSecondAnalsisAirParticulates ResultsinUnitsof10-3pCi/m3Gr-B,eta~I2.5+0.2E-022.6+0.3E-022;3+0.2E-021.7+0.2E-021.6+0.2E-022.3+0.2E-022.1+0.2E-021.4+0.2E-021.6+0.2E-021.9+0.2E-021.5+0.2E-021.1+0.2E-021.5.0.2E-022.1+0.2E-021.9+0.2E-022.0+0.2E-021.8+0.2E-023.0+0.2E-022.2+0.2E-021.7+0.2E-021.7+0.2E-022.1+0.2E-022.3+0.2E-021.2+0.2E-022.6+0.2E-022.9+0.3E-023.6+0.4E-022.4+0.22.3+0.32.3+0.21.7+0.21.6+0.22.1+0.22.2+0.21.4+0.21.6+0.21.9+0.21.5+0.21.3+0.21.5+0.22.3+0.22.1+0.22.1+0.22.0+0.23.0+0.22.3+0.22.3+0.21.8+0.21.8+0.22.3+0.21.4+0.22.6+0.22.7+0.33.6+').5E-02E-02E-02E-02E-02E-02E-02+-02E-02E-02E-02E-02E-02E-02E-02E-02E-02E-02E-02E-02E-02E-02E-02E-02E-02E-02E-02AirParticulates/
| |
| CharcoalFiltersResultsInUnitsof10-pCI/m1adinc-131L.T.1.L.T.1.L.T.5.L.T.l.L.T.7.L.T.7.L.T.2.L.T.5.L.T.1.L.T.l.L.T.8.L.T.l.L.T.9.L.T.l.L.T.l.E-02E-02E-03E-02E-03E-03E-02E-03E-02E-02E-03E-02E-03E-02-E-02L.T.1.E-02L.T.6.E-03L.T.l.E-02L.T.l.E-02L.T.2.E-02L.T.9.E-03L.T.1.E-02L.T.1.E-02L.T.5.E-03L.T.8.E-03L.T.6.E-03L.T.2.E-02L.T.9.E-03L.T.2.E-02L.T.6.E-03Footnotes locatedatendoftable.125
| |
| | |
| ResultsofDuplicate Analysesfor1996(cont.)SamleeAnalsisFirstAnalvsisSecondAnalsisAirParticulates/
| |
| CharcoalFiltersResultsinUnitsof10-3pCI/m3Iodine-131 L.T.6.L.T.7.L.T.l.L.T.5.L.T.6.L.T.l.L.T.7.L.T.9.L.T.l.L.T.l.L.T.8.L.T.3.E-03E-03E-02E-03E-03E-02E-03E-03E-02E-02E-03E-02L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.8.E-032.E-021.E-029.E-039.E-03l.E-02l.E-021.E-021.E-022.E-021.E-022.E-02SurfaceWaterResultsInUnitsoi'CI/liter H-3H-3L.T.1.E02L.T.2.E02GroundWaterResultsinUnitsofpCI/liter DrinkingWaterResultsInUnitsofpCI/liter GammaH-3Gr-AlphaGr-BetaGammaH-31-131GammaH-3GammaH-31-131GammaH-3Gr-BetaI-131GammaGr-Beta1-131Gamma(a)3.4+1.1E02(a)7.3+2.2E00.(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)3.6+1.0E00(a)(a)3.5+1.0E00(a)(a)(a)2.9+1.1E02(a)6.7+2.1E00(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(pl(a)'a)(a)(a)2.9+1.0E00(a)(a)3.4+1.1E00(a)(a)Footnotes locatedatendoi'able.126
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| ResultsofDuplicate Analysesfor1996(cont.)SamleeAnalslsFirstAnalsisSecondAnalsisFoodResultsinUnitsofpCi/kg(wet)GammaK-40Be-7Cs-137(a)(a)2.39+0.24E031.72+0.17E037.58+0.88E023.28+0.91E02(b)2.55+1.91EOl(c)(a)Allgammaresultslessthanthedetecoonlimit(LLD).(b)Resultpositivebutassociated errormadeitsuspect.(c)Confirmed byareanalysis.
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| 127 TeledyneBrownEngineering In-HouseSpikedSampleResults-1996WaterGrossAlphaGrossBetaGamma(Cs-137)Gamma(Cs-137)H-3(LS)ikeLevelsCiL1.1+0.5E012.2+0.7EOl2.2+0.3E042.0+0.3E041.4+0.4E03AccetableRaneCi10.6-1.6E011.5-2.9E011.9-2.5E04(1/3-1/31/96) 1.7-2.3E04(2/7-12/26/96) 1.0-1.8E03068060740907850085410908009408099061040610832111841188212380128951331213932146311510715514160031661816838173711775418334188311945520049206722109821890224202272723137AxuQysisDate01/03/9601/10/9601/17/9601/24/9601/31/9602/07/9602/14/9602/21/9602/28/9603/06/9603/13/9603/20/9603/27/9604/03/9604/10/9604/17/9604/24/9605/01/9605/08/9605/15/9605/22/9605/29/9606/05/9606/12/9606/19/9606/26/9607/03/9607/10/9607/17/9607/24/9607/31/9608/07/9608/14/96GrosBetaL1.3+02EOl2.5+0.2EOl2.5+0.2EOl2.6+0.2E012.0+O.lEOl2.1+0.2EOl1.7+O.lE012.2+0.2EOl"1.4+O.lEOl1.8+0.1E011.9+0.2E012.3+0.2EOl2.2+0.2E011.8+O.lE011.6+O.lEOl2.3+0.2<Ol2.1+0.2EOl1.6+O.lEOl1.8+O.lEOl2.1+0.2EOl1.8+O.lEOl2.3+0.2E012.3+0.2EOl2.1+0.2EOl2.3+0.2EOl2.3+0.2EOl1.8+O.lEOl2.3+0.2EOl2.0+0.1EOl2.3+0.2EOl2.3+0.2EOl1.6+O.lEOl2.0+O.lEOl128 TI¹23840241.812474325119257752626326820274342820628965293622980830605312033165032143'2713 3325433811AnalysisDate08/21/9608/28/9609/04/9609/11/9609/18/9609/25/9610/02/9610/09/9610/16/9610/23/9610/30/9611/06/9611/13/9611/20/9611/27/9612/04/9612/ll/9612/18/9612/26/96GrossBetaCi2.1+0.2EOl2.1+0.2EOl1.6+O.lEOl2.3+0.2EOl2.1+O.lEOl1.9+O.lEOl2.5+0.2EOl2.4+0.2EOl2.4+0.2EOl2.5+0.2E012.4+0.2E0126+02EOl2.2+0.2EOl2.6+0.2EOl2.7+0.8E00(a)2.1+0.2E012.7+0.2E012.2+0.2EOl2.3+0.2EOlTI¹SPIKES-GAMMA(Cs-1.37) lumhs'-"*06811074140785508546090850941309911104111083711189118871238512889133081392614627151021599701/03/9601/10/9601/17/9601/24;9601/31/9602/07/9602/14/9602/21/9602/28/9603/06/9603/13/9603/20/9603/27/9604/03/9604/10/9604/17/9604/24/9605/08/962.2+0.2E042.3+0.2E042.2+0.2E042.14+0.21E042.32+0.2..E042.06+0.21E042.05+0.21E042.09+0.21E042.09+0.21E042.42+0.24E042.45+0.25E042.08+0.21E042.08+0.25E042.11+0.21E042.09+0.21E042.07+0.21E042.21+0.22E042.12+0.21E04(a)Thegrossalphaandgrossbetarecoveries forspikedsample31650wereapproximately 10%.Errorsincounting.
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| dataentryorcalculation havebeenruledoutasacausetothebestofourability.Possiblepipetting errorisspkingthesamplecannotbeconfirmed ordenied,butisunlikely.
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| Subsequent spikedsampleswereincontrol.129
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| TI0SPIKES-GA1VMA(Cs-137)ci1661416835173681775118828.19452200462066921095218872241722724231342383724178247402511625772262602681727431282032896229359298053009330602312003145831647321403271033251335703380805/15/9605/22/9605/29/9606/05/9606/19/9606/26/9607/03/9607/10/9607/17/9607/24/9607/31/9608/07/9608/14/9608/21/9608/28/9609/04/9609/11/9609/18/9609/25/9610/02/9610/09/9610/16/9610/23/9610/30/9611/06/9611/08/9611/13/9611/20/9611/22/9611/27/9612/04/9612/11/9612/18/9612/20/9612/26/962.09+0.21E042.06+0.21E042.06+0.21E042.08+0.21E042.14+0.21E042.02+0.20E042.04+0.20E042.11+0.21E042.07+0.21E042.07+0.21E042.07+0.21E042.05+0.21E042.03+0.20E042.07+0.21E042.02+0.20E042.10+0.21E042.06+0.21E042.13+0.21E042.11+0.21E042.05+0.21E042.03+0.20E042.04+0.20E042.08+0.21E042.06+0.21E042.08+0.21E042.05+0.21E042.03+0.20E042.08+0.21E042.02+0.20E042.04+0.20eu42.08+0.21E042.09+0.21E042.07+0.21E042.10+0.21E042.04+0.20E04TI¹SPIKES-TRITIUM-(H-3)10mlIItslzsCi106808074110785208543090820941001/03/9601/10/9601/17/9601/24/9601/31/9602/07/961.44+0.15E031.56+0.17E031.49+0.15E031.19+0.14E031.39+0.15E031.35+0.16E03130 TI¹'PIKES-TRITIUM-(H-3)10mlc'9908104081083411186118841238212899133.'6139361463515111155161600516620168421737517758183381883519459200532067621102218942242422731231562384424185247472512325779262672682427438282102896929366298123060931207316543214732717332583381502/14/9602/21/9602/28/9603/06/9603/13/9603/20/9603/27/9604/03/9604/10/9604/17/9604/24/9605/01/9605/08/9605/15/9605/22/9605/29/9606/05/9606/12/9606/19/9606/26/9607/03/9607/10/9607/17/9607/24/9607/31/9608/07/9608/14/9608/21/9608/28/9609/04/9609/11/9609/18/9609/25/9610/02/9610/09/9610/16/9610/23/9610/30/9611/06/9611/13/9611/20/9611/27/9612/04/9612/11/96-12/18/9612/26/961.38+0.16E031.37+0.16E031.63+0.17E031.37+0.16E031.44+0.16E031.47+0.16E031.43+0.17E031.46+0.19E031.51+0.18E031.66+0.20E031.35+0.17E031.32'+0.15E031.33+0.15E031.52+0.16E031.33+0.15E031.39+0.11E031.71+0.20E031.37+0.15E031.35+0.15E031.28+0.15E031.19+0.16E031.32+0.17E031.34+0.15E031.39+0.15E031.27+0.15E031.24+0.15E031.36+0.15E031.32+0.15E031.13+0.15E031.40+0.16E031.30+0.16E031.41+0.16E031.22+0.15E031.23+0.14E031.41+0.19E031.26+0.15E031.14+0.17E031.43+0.17E031.09+0.15E031.13+0.16E031.24+0.16E031.17+0.17E031.25+0.16E031.28+0.17E031.26+0.18E031.55+0.18E03131
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| TeledyneBrownEngineering In-HouseBlanksSampleResults-1996WaterGROSSBETABLANKSTI¹AnalysisDateGrossBetaC"06805074080784908540090790940709905104051083111183118811237912894133111393114630151061551316002166171683717370177531833318830194542004820671210972188922419227262313623839241802474225118257742626201/03/9601/10/9601/17/96Ol/24/9601/31/9602/07/9602/14/9602/21/9602/28/9603/06/9603/13/9603/20/9603/27/9604/03/9604/10/9604/17/9604/24/9605/01/9605/08/9605/15/9605/22/9605/29/96, 06/05/9606/12/9606/19/9606/26/9607/03/9607/10/9607/17/9607/24/9607/31/9608/07/9608/14/9608/21/9608/28/9609/04/9609/ll/9609/18/9609/25/96L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.TL.TL.TL.TL.T8.8.8.9.9.8.1.9.8.9.8.7.8.7.8.7.9.1.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.8.8.8.7.8.8.8.9.9.8.8.9.8.8.L.T.8.L.T.8.E-OlE-01E-01E-01E-OlE-01E00E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-OlE-01E-01E-OlE00E-OlE-01E-OlE-OlE-01E-01E-01E-01E-OlE-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-01E-OlE-01E-01132
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| GROSSBETA-BLANKS(Cont.)Tl¹AnalysisDateGrossBetaCi26819274332820528964298073060431202316493214232712332533381010/02/9610/09/9610/16/9610/23/9611/06/9611/13/9611/20/9611/27/9612/04/9612/11/9612/18/9612/26/96L.TL.TL.TL.TL.T.L.T.L.T.L.TL.TL.TL.TL.T8.E-018.E-018.E-Ol8.E-019.E-019.E-018.E-Ol8.E-017.E-017.E-019.E-018.E-01TI¹TRITIUM-(H-3)-BLANKSActivi068100741307854085450908409412099101041010836ll1881188612384128971331413934146331510915518160071662216840173731775618336188331945701/03/9601/10/9601/17/9601/24/9601/31/9602/07/9602/14/9602/21/9602/28/9603/06/9603/13/9603/20/9603/27/9604/03/9604/10/9604/17/9604/24/9605/01/9605/08/9605/15/9605/22/9605/29/9606/05/9606/12/9606/19/9606/26/96L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.L.T.1.43E021.57E021.48E021.60E021.53E021.65E021.90E021.84E022.14E022.0CE021.60E021.79E021.90E022.24E022.26E02238E021.81E021.51E021.61E021.42E021.53E021.09E021.62E021.43E021.61E021.51E02133 TI¹TRITIUM-(H-3)-BLANKS(Cont.)isDateCi200512067421100218922242222729231552384224183247452512125777262652682227436282082896729364298103060731205316523214532715332563381307/03/9607/10/9607/17/9607/24/9607/31/9608/07/9608/14/9608/21/9608/28/9609/04/9609/11/9609/18/9609/25/9610/02/9610/09/9610/16/9610/23/9610/30/9611/06/9611/13/9611/20/9611/27/96.
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| 12/04/9612/11/9612/18/9612/26/96L.T.1.75E02L.T.1.66E02L.T.1.40E02L.T.1.50E02L.T.1.55E02L.T.1.48E02L.T.1.46E02L.T.1.50E02L.T.1.60E02L.T.1.63E02L.T.1.69E02L.T.1.56E02L.T.1.56E02L.T.1.48E02L.T.2.34E02L.T.1.57E02L.T.1.74E02L.T.1.80E02L.T.1.69E02L.T.1.74E02L.T.1.74E02L.T.1.91E02L.T.1.74E02L.T.1.87E02L.T.2.00E02L.T.1.72E02134 0
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| APPENDIXITLDQUALITYCONTROLPROGRAM135 TLQQUALITY'ONTROL PROGRAMTeledyneBrownEngineering performsanin-housequalityassurance testingprogramfortheenvironmental TLDlaboratory.
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| Onaquarterly basistheQAmanageroraqualified designate exposesgroupsofTLDstothreedifferent dosesusingaknownexposureratefromacesium-137 source.Typicalexposures arebetween20and80mR.TheTLDsarereadoneachofthethreeModel8300Readersintheenvironmental TLDlaboratory andthecalculated resultsarereportedtotheQAmanager.TheQAmanagerevaluates theresultsandwritesareportdiscussing theperformance ofthelaboratory.
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| For1996allresultswerewithintherequirements ofRegulatory Guide4.l3,SectionC.Thestandarddeviations ofthreemeasurements ateachexposureforeachreaderwaslessthan7.5%.Thepercentdeviation oftheaverageofthethreemeasurements fromtheknownexposureateachexposureforeachreaderwaslessthan30%.Theaccompanying graphsindicatethenormalized deviations oftheaveragemeasurements fromtheknownexposures ateachexposureforeachreader.136 QUALITYCONTROL-TLDsHIGHDOSE0.8Cl00XC2DClE0C04CO0E00.60.40.2-0.2-0.4-0.6-0.8-1.2-1.4//rIReader¹242malfunctioned duringtestingin3/96.Testrepeatedin4/961/933/937/9310/932/945/949/9412/943/956/9510/9512/953/964/966/967/969/9612/96Reader-205
| |
| -w-~Reader-211
| |
| ~Reader-242 rr-,.Reader-9150 Reader-9150 permanently removedfromserviceduringthefirstquarter1993.
| |
| QUALlTYCONTROL-TLDsLOWDOSEoI0CLXoOC0ClE0C0C$0'0E0K2.51.50.5.-0.5-1.5-2.A-ifjX/y/Readerf/2O5testinvalidin3/96.Testrepeatedin4/96.',rIIteReaderff242malfunctioned duringtestingin3/96.Testrepeatedin4/96I/\I1/933/937/9310/932/945/949/9412/S43/956/9510/S512/953/964/966/967/969/9612/96--e--Reader-205
| |
| -W-Reader-211
| |
| ~Reader-242
| |
| ~Reader-9150 Reader-9150 waspermanently removedfromserviceduringthefirstquarter1993.
| |
| 0 QUALITYCONTROL-TLDsMIDDLEDOSEo40CLOQI0=CoE0C0o'QE0X1.50.5-0.5-1.5e.>e-~Reader8242.malfunctioned duringtestingin3/96.Testrepeatedin4/96~~~~/1/g33/g37/g310/932/945/949/9412/943/956/9510/9512/953/964/966/967/969/9612/96Reader-205
| |
| -W-~Reader-211
| |
| ~Reader-242
| |
| ~Reader-9150 Reader-9150 waspermanently removedfromserviceduringthefirstquarter1993.
| |
| | |
| QUALlTYCONTROL-TLDSTLDREADER205IOI-C0COE0C0gd'50Nt5E0Z2.51.50.50-0.5//e/3/96TestInvalid.Repeated4/96.II~~I~~IIIIIII1Ie-~-8-1.51/933/937/9310/g32/945/g4g/9412/943/956/9510/9512/953/964/967/969/9612/96LowDose--e-MiddleDose-6t-HighDose QUALITYCONTROL-TLDSTLDREADER211l.50.50prSig-0.5////-1.5-21/933/937/931P/932/945/949/9412/943/956/951P/9512/953/964/967/969/9612/96LowDose--e-.MiddleDoseHighDose
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| | |
| QUAONTROL-TLDsToREADER2421.5OD0aXOOI-0cQC0C0gDC)CUE00.5-0.5-1.5Q~IIIsIIreadermalfunction in3/96Testrepeatedin4/96-21/933/937/9310/932/945/949/9412/'943/956/9510/9512/954/966/969/9612/96--e--L."wDose--e-MiddleDose~HighDose}}
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