ML20151G913

Testimony of Jg Davis Before Subcommittee on Energy & Environ of House Committee on Interior & Insular Affairs on 831025 Re NRC Regulatory Framework,Higlighting Waste Classification Sys

ML20151G913
Person / Time
Issue date:	10/25/1983
From:	NRC
To:
Shared Package
ML20151G890	List: ML20151G887 ML20151G892 ML20151G907 ML20151G913 ML20151G923
References
FOIA-88-312 NUDOCS 8808010044
Download: ML20151G913 (9)

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CONFERENCE 0F RA DIA TION, CONTROL PROGRAM DIRECTORS,1NC.

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4210. East lith Avenue.

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Denver, CO 80220 u

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January 12, 1984 w;-

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Q{ ?%w%

Docket No. R-82-1 g gy s

y' U.S. Environmental Protection Agency L

Central Docket Section (LE-130)

D-401 M Street, S.W.

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f Washington, D.C.

20460 f

A

Dear Sir:

h<

I The Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors, Inc.,

appreciates this opportunity to coc=ent on your Advanced Notice of Proposed Rulemaking on Environmental Radiation Protection Standards for Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal, as noticed in the Federal j.'

Register dated August 31, 1983.

The Executive Board of the Conference G'

has the following general comments, followed by specific comments, on j

^ ^

(-

each of the areas for which you requested input.

The Conference recognizes that EPA has the responsibility for developing generally applicable environmental standards for radio-active waste disposal.

However, we are concerned that the EPA standards for low-level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal may differ greatly from the NRC regulations in 10 CFR 61 that have already been adopted.

A concensus on the acceptability of the NRC regulations appears to have been reached, and a significant change in the underlying principles upon which those regulations are based would be extremely counter-productive and of no benefit to public health and

safety, in fact. an EPA standard that significantly differs from the NRC regulations cwid deter states from entering compacts and/or l.

selecting disposal sites, and thus hinder or stop the progress being made to manage LLW. The Conference worked clo'sely with the NRC in the development of 10 CFR 61, and we feel these regulations provide x'.

reasonable assurance of public health and safety for LLW sites.

4 Unless there is an absolute need at this particular time, we strongly urge that EPA's standards for LLW not be inconsistent with 10 CFR 61.

The Executive Board is also concerned that any EPA standard for LLW must carefully consider the requirements for the disposal of toxic wastes that are contaminated with radioactivity. Although we do not want to imply that the requirement of RCRA should be incorporated into the LLW standard, the problems of toxic materials contaminated with radioactivity cast be addressed.

We strongly urge that any standard for LLW include Radium and other radionuclides that are not covered by the Atomic Energy Act.

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'Jenuary 12, 1984

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j Radium was proposed to be regulated under RCRL, but action has been deferred. We 'cannot over emphasize that t:y' future rules I

developed under RCRA, with regard to Radium,. siculd be coordinated with this rulemaking process so that there is a consistent approach, and that there are no gaps in regula: cry control.

Foll: wing are comments on specific areas, as requested by the August 31 Notice:

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The Executive Board agrees that standards in the fora

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of dose limits are the most suitable.,We suggest l

that EPA consider two basic factors as' appropriate for setting the level of stringency cf the standard. -

(a) Consideration should be given te a standard with a dose limit in the range of.1 L: 25 mrem per year.

Such a range would not be inconsistent with existing standards for the aranium fuel cycle, public water supplies, and the proposed standards for air. emissions under the Clean Air Acc. We also recommend that any standard with such dose limits should address the-measurement or modeling techniques that can be I

used.in determining compliance with the standard.

Although the measurement, or modeling techniques, may not need to be is the standard, a guide or appropriate note should be available -

to show the intended methodology necessary to assure that theJ range is being net.

This would result in consfstent public health protection for all modes of radioactive waste disposal, be it air, water or land.

Dose limits within this range also j

appear to be readily achievable, and therefore would satisfy tha ALARA principle.

Compliance with this standard should be based on a realistic assessment and not.ultraconservativt assumptions.

(b) Compara any proposed standards with a realistic evaluation of the off-site exposure to the public from all currently licensed commarcial disposal i

sites and federal sites, including those that are i

no longer accepting waste.

2.

The Executive Board str.ongly supports the concept, and the Conference has adopted a resolution to the effect, that certain vaste streams and/or concentrations of radionuclides in vaste are "below regulatory I

concern." We believe that generic wtste streams and generally applicable concentration limits should both 9

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Pogs 3 bo 'considsrad in the devslopment of c stendard.

An appropriate basis for a "bclow regulatory concern" standard for land disposal should include a comparisen with the natural amount of radioactive material in the soil.

3.

All key f actors identified may be of varying importan:e in assuring that the standards are met, depending upe-l site-specific conditions. Therefore, all key factors should be evaluated on a-reasonable basis and factored

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into the decision-making process on the acceptability of any specific site.

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We believe that a 100-year institutional control peried is reasonable to assume for predictive purposes,

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especially for those scenarios which involve inadvertent intrusion.

The standard should not limit regulatory control to 100 years, since regulatory agencies may want to maintain some control until the longer live radio-nuclides have decayed to insignificant levels and the l

site can truly be released for unrestricted use.

This would be consistent with the approach used by NRC in 10 CFR 61. We also recommended that the standard should emphasize that the use of a 100-year institutional control period should not preclude extensive use of passive engineering control techniques.

5.

The Executive Board believes that these standards shocid apply to all LLW disposal sites, whether they be state or federally regulated, active or inactive.

This will provide consistent protection for public health and safety, regardless of agency or site status.

6.

Confirmation that the standards will be met should be provided by a conbination of predictive models, sampling and continuous menitoring.

Predictive models are necessary to determine whether a proposed site can neet the standards during operation and for the very long term.

As previcusly mentioned, these predictive models should be based on realistic assumptions. A comprehensive environmental monitoring program should include both continuous monitoring and periodic scmpling. This is essential to insure that the standards are being met.

The monitoring program should be used to confirm predictive models and should continue until it is determined that no additional regulatory control is necessary.

Yours very truly, Albert J. Hazle, Chairman Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors, Inc.

AJH/CMH/pch cc: Executive Board and Federal Liaisons Executive Secretary Bill Dornsife