View source for B13781, Advises That Util Requested That State of CT Dept of Environ Protection Issue Mod to NPDES Permit CT0003263.Mod Would Permit Discharges of Biocides & Sodium Nitrite from All Units at Facility

{{Adams
| number = ML20076N052
| issue date = 03/21/1991
| title = Advises That Util Requested That State of CT Dept of Environ Protection Issue Mod to NPDES Permit CT0003263.Mod Would Permit Discharges of Biocides & Sodium Nitrite from All Units at Facility
| author name = Mroczka E
| author affiliation = NORTHEAST NUCLEAR ENERGY CO., NORTHEAST UTILITIES
| addressee name = 
| addressee affiliation = NRC OFFICE OF INFORMATION RESOURCES MANAGEMENT (IRM)
| docket = 05000423
| license number = 
| contact person = 
| document report number = B13781, NUDOCS 9103270241
| document type = CORRESPONDENCE-LETTERS, INCOMING CORRESPONDENCE
| page count = 46
}}

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P O DOX 270 H ARTFORD. CONNECTICUT 061410270 L     L  J  Z,5C            [ C,                                                                                                (203) 665 $000 March 21, 1991 Docket No. 50-423                                                   .
B13781 Re:  10CFR50.54 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Attention: Document Control Desk Washington, DC 20555

==Reference:==
- Permit, NPDES No. CT0003263, Modified, dated September 19, 1986.
Gentlemen:
Millstone Nuclear Power Station, Unit No. 3 Requested Modification to NPDES Permit Environmental Protectio.0_ P1an Pursuant to Section 402(b) of- the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended, 33 USC 1251, et seq., and Section 22a-430 of Connecticut General Statutes, Northeast Utilities Service Company (NUSCO), on behalf of Northeast Nuclear Energy Company (NNECO), has requested that the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) issue a modification to NPDES Permit No. CT0003263 (reference).
          -The requested - modification -to the permit ;s concerned with the discharge of biocides and sodium nitrite from Millstone Unit Nos,1 and 2. Since the requested modification was due to Millstone Unit Nos.1 ind 2, a copy of the request was not submitted as required by Section 3.2 of the Millstone Unit No. 3 Environmental Protection Plan. However, NNEC0 hereby submits a copy of the request to modify NPDES Permit CT0003263 (reference) to bring your files up to date.
Should you have any questions, please call Mr. Thomas P. Arcari, Generatior.
Facilities Licensing, at (203) 665-3713.
Very truly yours, NORTHEAST NUCLEAR ENERGY COMPANY
                                                                                                                                          .M f       .W E. J. Mr za'''
Senior     ice Presiden//    t

==Enclosure:==
Letter of Request (003754) dated June 1, 1990.
cc:   T. T. Martin, Region I Administrator D. H. Jaffe, NRC Project Manager, Millstone Unit Nos. I and 3                                                                                             CO Ol W. J. Raymond, Senior Resident inspector, Millstone Unit Nos.1, 2, and 3 2's.# [ " ,
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                             "*'*8**"**'"'''*""
HARTFORD. CONNECTICUT 061410270 k   '     J C'[$',((E.".o.~ce ,"",
                                .                                                       (203) 665-5000 June 1, 1990
                                  ,                                 003754 Mr. Adrian Freund, Chief Bureau of Water Management Department of Environmental Protection 122 Washington Street Hartford, CT 06106

==Reference:==
(D03156),R.ReckerttoA.Freund,datedDecember1,1989.

==Dear Mr. Freund:==

Millstone Nuclear Power Station NPDES Permit Renewal Application Additional Reauests On. December 1,1989, Reference, Northeast Utilities Service Company (NUSCO),
on behalf of Northeast Nuclear Energy Company (NNECO), submitted an appli-cation for renewal of the NPDES Permit for NNECO's Hillstone Nuclear Power Station. Since that application, it has become necessary to request the following additional discharge parameters.
o      Enclosure 1 it a report and safety material requesting the use of alter-nate biocides u,the service water systems, o      Enclosure II is a report and safety material. requesting the use of "Proxel EXL" in Discharge Serial Nos, 001A-4 and 001A.
an            w4*9 q o      Enclosure III is a material safety data shebdium Nitrite. 4 NUSCO hereby requests that sodium nitrite replace chromium in discharge 001A.
                                                                                     % wyn*H&'
Should you have any questions, please call Mr. Thomas T. Arcari, NUSCO Generation Facilities Licensing, at (203) 665-3713.
Very truly yours, NORTHEAST UTILITIES SERVICE COMPANY As Agent for Northeast Nuclear Energy Company
                                                                  /            A 41/     "
R.' A. Reckeit Vice President OS342J R EV. 446

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                                                                                                                                                                      ^
                                  - June;1,=1990.

==Enclosure:==
' 13
                                   . cc: Robert Kaliszewski
                                           . DepartmentLof Environments-c' Protection                                                                                  '
                                           . 122 Washington Street
                                           - Hartford. CT 06106'-
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..                                                       4 ENCLOSURE I (Letter 003754) 9 w

Enclosc o 1 Page :
ENCLOSURE I Use of Alternate Biocides in Service Water Systems Blofouling is a continuing item of concern at Northeast Utilities system generating stations. 'Especially trouhlesome is the problem of macrofouling, or invertebrate growth that causes blockage or flow reduction in condensers, heat exchangers, or safety-related water systems. Historically, biofouling problems have been most severe at marine or brackish-water installations, where Mytilus edulis (Blue Mussel) is the primary fouling organism.
At Millstone Nuclear Power Station, each of the three operating units has developed procedures to control mussel settlement and growth in both circu-lating and service weter systems. Although differing slightly in detail, procedures for each unit are similar.                                                                                                  Mussels in the circulating water systems are controlled by periodic thermal backwash, or " mussel cooking";
heated water is. recirculated in' individual intake bays, with a temperature /
duration / frequency regime designed to kill mussels when they are small enough to pass through the system without causing difficulties.
The service water systems cannot be thermally backwashed; f 1ere are technical constraints that prohibit elevation of service water tempc"atures to levels that would kill mussels. Therefore, the Millstone un'ts have relied on continuous low-level chlorination (applied in the for m of sodium hypo-chlorite), to prevent mussel larvae, entrained in tha service water, from settling in system piping and components.
The continuous chlorination is adequate to prevent mussel settlement, but will not remove an established population. For example, if the chlorination system is' inoperable for a period of time that allows mussel settlement in service water piping, resumption of chlorination will not effect cleanliness of the fouled system. Cleaning of fouled service water systems at Millstone is accomplished primarily by waiting for attrition and mortality of mussels in the service water piping, then manually removing detached shells from the heat exchanger waterboxes.                                Obviously, this is an inefficient, time-consuming, labor-intensive procedure; Millstone has emphasized prevention of biofouling, rather than remediation, i.e., proactive vs, retroactive measures.
However, Millstone personnel are also investigating the possibility of using one of a number of nonoxidizing blocides, recently marketed by industrial chemical suppliers as molluscides. The most likely candidates at present are:
o           Clam-Trol 1 (Betz Laboratories; active ingredients                                                                                         -
n alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and dodecylguanidine hydro-chloride),
o           H-133A (Calgon; dodecylguanidine hydrochloride),

                  ~
r     ,q Enclosure 1 Page 2 o      Bulab 6002 (Buckman Laboratories;                     sol y [ o xye t hyl e n e - ( d i me t hyl i m i n o ) -
ethylene-(dimethylimino)ethylenediciloride]),and o     .Bulab       6009     (Buckman          Laboratories;.              2-(thiocyanomethylthio) benzothiozole).
Material Safety Data Sheets for each product are attached.
However, since the use of any of these products would be necessary oniy after                                                   ,
exi n ing biofouling control procedures have failed, it is impossible to know a Triori where- or when such usage would be required, or the requisite appli-cation dose or concentration.                Ideally, NUSCO would like to receive permission to release a . generic blocide from any of the circulating or service water discharges (Discharge Serial Nos. 001A, 001A-5, 0018 001B5, 001C, 001C-5), at a quantity / concentration to-be determined by vendor and NUSCO biologists. The situation would be analogous to a test application, with NUSCO committing. to conduct-sufficient-sampling, analyses, and toxicity testing to ensure environ-mental protection.

BETZ LABORATORIES,!NC.
4630 SOMERTON ROAD. TREVOSE. PA. 19047 DETZ MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET 24 HOUR EMCRGENCY TELEPHONE (HEALTH OR ACCIDENT) 215/355-3300 (PAGE 1 OF 3)
PRODUCT : CLAM-TROL CT-1                                                          EFFECTIVE DATE 05-18-89 PRINTED:            3-Sep-1989 AEV: SEC. 3 PRODUCT APPLICATION : WATER-BASED MICRODIAL CONTROL AGENT.
    -----SEC T I ON 1----------- H A Z AR DOUS I NGRED I ENTS---------------
INFORMATION ON PHYSICAL HAZARDS, HEALTH HAZARDS, PEL'S AND TLV'S FOR SPECIFIC PRODUCT INGREDIENTS AS RE0V! RED BY THE OSHA HAZARD COMMUNICATIONS STANDARD 19 LISTED. REFER TO SECTION 4 (PACE 2) FOR OUR ASSESSMENT OF THE POTENTIAL ACUTE AND CHRONIC HAZARDS OF THIS FORMULATION.
ETHYLENE OLYCOL***CAS#107-21-1sLIVEH, K!DNEY AND BLOOD TOXINsCNS DEPRESSANTS ANIMAL TERATOGEN (HIGH ORAL DOSES)s PEL/TLV: 50 PPM-C.
ALKYL DIMETHYL BENZYL AMMON!UM CHLORIDE ***CASM68424-05-11CORROS!VE(EYES)#
PEL: NONE A TLV: NONE.
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL **,* (IPA): C AS#67-63-Os FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS CHRONIC OVEREXPOSURE MAY CAUSE LIVER AND K!DNEY TOXICITY:
PEL/TLV:400 PPM (500 PPM-STEL).
DODECYLCUAN! DINE HYDROCHLONIDE***(DGH):CAS#13590-97-1sCORROS!VEsPEL: NONES TLV: NONE, ETHYL ALCOHOL ***(ETHANOL)sCAS#64-17-5sFLAMMADLEsMAY CAUSE DEFATTINO DERMAT! TIS. DIZZINCSS AND HEADACHES PEL: 1000PPMs TLV: 1000 PPM,
    -----SECTION 2-- --- ~~--TYPISAL PHYSICAL DATA-----~~~--                           -~~~~---~~~---
PH: AS IS               (APPROX.)          5. 3      ODOR: MILD FL.PT,(DEC,F): 116         SETA(CC)                  SP. GR. (70F)OR DENSITY: 1.022 VAPOR PRESSURE (mmHG): 23                            VAPOR DENSITY (AIR =1): >1 V!SC cps 70F: 23                                     %SOLUB IL I TY(WATER ) : 100 EVAP. RATE: <1      ETHER =1                         APPEARANCE: COLORLESS PHYSICAL STATE: LIQU7D                               FREEZE POINT (DEO. F): <-30
    -----SECTION 3-----------REACTIVITY DATA -- --------------------------
STADLE.MAY REACf WITH STRONO OXIDIZERS.DO NOT CONTAMINATE.BETZ TANK CLEAN-OUT CATEGORY 'B' THERMAL DECOMPOSITION (DESTRUCTIVE FIRES) Y! ELDS ELEMENTAL OXIDES.
_ . _ _ .     . - .          ._,   m        - _             . _ . -      ~ ~-

BETZ MATERIAL SAFETY DATA CHEET w ACE h OF 35 PRODUCT:
CLAM-TROL  CT-!                                      EFFECTIVE DATE 05-18-C0
       -----CECTION 4--- ----- -HEALTH HAZAOD EFFECTS- --------------------**
     . ACUTE SKIN EFFECTS 000 PRIMARY ROUTE OF EXPOSURE CORROS!VE TO SKIN. POTENTI AL SKIN SENSIT!ZER ACUTE EYE EFFECTS ***
CORROS!VE TO THE EYES ACUTE RESPIRATORY EFFECTS **4 PRIMARY ROUTE OF EXPOSURE VAPORS, GASES.h;9TS AND/OR AEROSOLS CAUSE !RRITATION TO UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT CHRON10 EFFECTE OF OVEREXPOSURE ***
PROLONGED OR REPEALED OVEREXPOSURES MAY C AUSE: TISSUE NECROSISsDLOOD CELL DAMAGE OR IMPAIR BLOOD CELI. FUNCTIONS REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM TOXICITYs SKIN SENSITIZATION.
MEDICAL CONDITIONS AGORAVATED ***
NOT KNOWN SYMPTOMS OF EXPOSURE ***
INHALATION OF VAPORS / MISTS / AEROSOLS MAY CAUSE EYE, NOSE THROAT AND LUNG
            !RRITATION: SKIN CONTACT MAY CAUSE SEVERE !RR!TATION OR BURNS.
PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENT DASED ON TESTING RESULTS ***
MAY BE TOXIC IF ORALL Y INGESTED.
       -----SEC T I ON 5--------- --F I R ST A ! D I NS TR UC T I ONS-~ ~~ ~------------- ~ ~--
SKIN CONTACT ***
REMOVE CLOTHING. WASH AREA WITH LARGE AMOUNTS OF SOAP SOLUTION OR WATER FOR 15 MIN. !MMEDI ATEI Y CONTACT PHYEsCI AN EYE CONTACT ***
IMMEDIATELY FLUSH EYES WITH WATER FOR 15 MINUTEE.!MMEDIATELY CONTACT A                 l PHYSICIAN FOR ADDITIONAL TREATMENT                                                     l INHALATION EXPOSURE ***
REMOVE VICTIM FROM CONTAMINATED AREA. APPLY NECESSARY FIRST AID                        ,
TREATMENT.!MMEDIATELY CONTACT A PHYSICIAN.
INGESTION ***                                                                               !
DO NOT FEED ANYTHING DY MOUTH TO AN UNCONSCIOUS OR CONVULS!VE VICTIM DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.!MMED. CONTACT PHYSICIAN. DILUTE CONTENTS OF STOMACH USING 3-4 GLASSES MILK OR WATEH
      -----SECTION 6-------- -SPILL. DISPOSAL AND FIRE INSTRUCTIONS------u--
SPILL INSTRUCTIONS ***
VENTILATE AREA,USE SPECIFIED PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT.CONTAIN AND ABSORB ON ABSORDENT MATERIAL. PLACE IN WASTE DISPOSAL CONTAINER.THE CONTAMINATED ADSORDENT SHOULD DE CONSIDERED A PESTICIDE AND DISPOSED OF IN AN APPROVED PESTICIDE LANDFILL.SEE PRODUCT IJ. BEL STORAGE AND DISPOSAL INSTRUCTIONS, REMOVE IGNITION SOURCES. FLUSH AREA WITH WATER. SPREAD SAND / GRIT.
DISPOSAL INSTRUCTIONS ***
WATER CONTAMINATED WITH THIS PRODUCT MAY DE SENT TO A SANITARY SEWER TREATMENT FACILITY,1N ACCORDANCE WITH ANY LOCAL AGREEMENT A PERMITTED WASTE THEATMENT FACILITY OR DISCHARGED UNDER A NPDES PERMIT PRODUCT (AS IS)-
DIS 80SE OF IN APPROVED PESTICIDE FACILI" JR ACCORDING TO LABEL INSYRUCTIONS FIRE EXT!NGUISHING INSTRUCTIONS ***
FIREFIGHTERS'SHOULD WEAR POSITIVE PRESSURE SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS (FULL FACE-PIECE TYPE).
DRY CHEMICAL. CARBON DIOXIDE, FOAM OR WATER l
l

BETZ MATERIAL DAFETY DATA SHEET (PAGE 3 OF 3)'
FRODUCT: CLAM-TROL CT-!                                                                                             EFFECTIVE DATE 05-!8-89
  ...---SECTION 7-------- --SPECIAL PROTECTIVE EQU!PNENT-----------------
USE PROTECT!VE EQUIPMEN1 IN ACCORDANCE WITH 29CFR SECTION 1910.132-134. USE RESPIRATORS WITHIN USE LIMITATIONS OR ELSE USE SUPPLIED AIR RESPIRATORS, VENT!LATION PROTECTION ***
ADEQUATE VENTILATION TO MAINTAIN AIR CONTAMINANTS BELOW EXPOSURE LIMITS RECOMMENDED RESP IR ATORY PROTECTION ***
IF VENTILATION !B INADE0VATE OR SIGN!FICANT PRODUCT EXPOSURE IS LIKELY, USE A RESPIRATOR WITH ORGANIC VAPOR CARIR?DGE !< DUST / MIST PREF!LTER RECOMMENDED SKIN PROTECTION #**                                                                                                                   .
CAUNTLET-TYPE RUDDER GLOVES. CHEMICAL RES!STANT APRON 11 ASH OFF AFTER EACH USE. REPLACE AS NECESSARY                                                                                                 ,
RECOMMENDED EYE PROTECTION ***
BPLASH PRUDF CHEMICAL COGGLES. FACE SHIELD
   -----SECTION B--------- -STORAGE AND HANDLING PRECAUTIONS----------~~~~~~~~~ ,
STOR.^,GE INSTRUCTIONS ***
KEEP DRUMS & PAILS CLOSED WHEN NOT IN USC.
STORE IN COOL VENTILATED LOCATION. STORE AWAY FRC" OXIDIZERS HANDLING INSTRUCTIONS ***
* CENERAL-!MMEDIATELY REMOVE CONTAMINATED CLOTHING WASH EEFORE REUSE SPECIFIC- COMBUST! DIE. DO NOT USE AROUND SPARKS OR FLAMES. BOND CONTAINERS DURING FILLING OR DISCHARGE WHEN PERFORMED AT TEMPERATURES AT OR ABOVE THE PRODUCT FLASH POINT.
    **oe*ee********<en****sx*r*******t******rr+******+<***********************
THIS MSDS COMPLIES WITH THE OSHA HAZARD COMMUNICATION STANDARD HAROLD M.          HERSH (ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION COORDINATOR)
    < < < n e+ * * * * * * * * > r e * * * * * * * *
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* r +
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* r *
* n * * * * * * * * + <4 * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* APPENDIX: REGULATORY INFORMATION THE CONTENT OF THIS APPENDIX REPRESENTS INFORMATION KNOWN TO BETZ ON THE                                                                               '
EFFECTIVE DATh OF THIS MSDS. THIS-!NFORMATION IS BELIEVED TO DE ACCURATE.
ANY CHANGES IN REGULATIONS WILL RESULT IN UPDATED VERSIONS OF TM!S DOCUMENT.
    . . . TSC A: ALL COMPONENTS OF THIS PRODUCT ARE LISTED IN THE TSCA INVENTORY
    ...FIFRA(40CFR): EPA REG.NO.-3S76-                                                          145
  .... REPORTABLE QUANTITY (RO) FOR UNDILUTED PRODUCT:
NOT APPLICABLE
   . . . RCR A: IF THIS PRODUCT IS DISCARDED AS A WASTE.THE RCRA HAZARDOUS WASTE IDENT!FICATION NUMDER IS: DOO!=IGN!TADIEADOOP=CORROS!VE
    ... DOT HAZARD CLASS!FICATION: CORROS!VE TO EKIN. COMBUST!BLE                                                                                         -
    ... DOT SHIPPING DESIGNATION IS: UN1760 CORROS!VE LIQUID,                                                             N. O. S.
   .    .THIS PRODUCT CONTAINS THESE CHEMICALS KNOWN TO THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA TO
,  CAUSE CANCER OR REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY: NONE PRESENT IN S!GNIFICANT AMOUNTS
   . . . SAR A SECTION 302 CHEMICALS:                               NONE PRESENT IN SIGN!FICANT AMOUNTS
   . . . SAN A SECTION 313 CHEMICALS: ETHYLENC GLYCOL (!O7-21-1)                                                          ,  21.0-30.0% 1
    . . . SAR A SECTION 312 HAZ ARD CLASS: IMMEDI ATE ( ACUTE). DEL AYED(CHRONIC ) AND FIRE
    ...MICHICAN CRITICAL MATERIALS: NONE PRESENT IN SIGNIFICANT AMOUNTS i  NFPA/HMIS : HEALTH - 3 : FIRE - 2 s REACTIVITY - O a SPECIAL - CORR a PE - D l
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* i I                    BETZ CLAM TROL ~ CT-1 MOLLUSCICIDE i-e Effectively controle all life stages of freshwater                    Higher temperatures and longer contact times re.
Asiatic clams                                                       duce the amount of Clam trol CT 1 that is required to achieve effective kills, o Controls a broad spectrum of microorganisms Normally, recirculating or closed systems should be
;                    e Blodegradable-low environmental Impact                                laid up for 24-48 hr after the system is charged with tr. effective amount of product. Typical charge con.
.                    DESCRIPTION AO USE                                                      centrations are 25-50 ppm.
Clam trol CT 1* ls a unique blend of active in9redi-                     Once through systems can be effectively treated by ents that controls mollusc infestations in induMrial                     10-30 ppm of product applied continuousty over                                             ~
water systems. Aslatic clams, the most common                            12-48 hr and repeated two to four times a year. Or freshwater mollusc problem, block water lines and                        effective control of mollus0s and microorganisms damage erauipment. The results can be higher pro-                        can also be achieved in once through systems using duction and maintenance coats and plant shut-                            short-0.5-1.0 hr-daily applications of 10-30 ppm.
downs.
I A low level of Clam trol CT 1, applied to a system for                                                                             -
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                                                                                                                                           ' vX.t[&:.
e short period, affects all hfe stages present, includ-                                                                                   ,-
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ing established adult populations. See Figure 1,                                                                                  'n ;.. p .                        '
9 Thereafter, periodic a plications of Clam trol CT 1
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inhibit recolonization o the system by larval and ju-venile clams that are carried in witn the makeup N ,g,: ..'.C            /4 g.'Wm      2P*    e . . ;b . e t,
                                                                                                                                                                .a        a
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water.
* Clam trol CT 1 is registered for use against molluscs as well as batterial, fungal, and algal slimes in;
                                                                                               ..   #k. r                  -
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e recirculating and once through cooling systems                          .                      . p.'(%'?,Q                 ,
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                                                                                                                                                                          ''A e influent systems for cooling                                                               g               g                            ;                 h,,
e auxiliary water and wastewater syvems Clam-trol CT.! t a blend of organic biocides and contains no heL*y metals or EPA priority pollutants.                                 i.,h
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                                                                                                                                                               - r,x             ..
TREATMENT AND FEEDING REQUIREMENTS                                                                                                                 .
a Adult clams should be physically removed by vacu.                                   I kh .                            Y        N M4,g:'"'.. g h~ q, (f f Q' f, C                                  ,,'*'.. '' .-
l                  uming or dredging before the start of a Clam trol,                                                                                                  <
CT 1 program so that dead elm are not carried further into the system.                                                                         Asiatic clams growing on the plant Figure 1.
Your Betz industrial represemative will design a pro-                                            side of influent screens. Clam trol gram for your system that controls the infestation                                               CT 1. unlike halogen or screaning problem while minimizi."g both the cost of the treat.                                            methods, controls both larval and ment and environmental concerns,                                                                  adult clams.
                   *The use of Clam trol CT 1 for mollusc controlis the subject of a pending U.S. patent application.
PFP 083 8712                                                           e 1987 BETZ LABORATORIES. INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

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Segmenting fant. wide appiscations of Clam trol                                                                                                SAFETY PRECAUTIONS CT.1 reduces the amount of product that appears in plant effluent. Clam trol CT.1 underDoes neutraliza.                                                                                           A Material Safety Data Sheet conta.irn                  ,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               . maned in-tion and detoxification by natural routes. But your                                                                                            formation relative to this product is                     de upon Betz industrial representative can provide products                                                                                            request.
that accelerate this process. An analytic test proce.
dure is available from Betz that monitors product                                                                                              PACKAGING INFORMATION levels in plant outfall.
Clam-trol CT.1 is blended as a liquid end is supplied Clam trol CT.1 la compatible with stainless steel,                                                                                             in 55 gal (208-L). bung type, nonreturnable lined copper alloys and most common plastics and rub'                                                                                                steel crums. Approximate net wt,ight if 460 lb (208 the use of mild steel. Iow-density poly
* kg) per drum, in addition. Clam trol CT.1 is available bers. Avoid,trile ethylene ni         (Buna      N).        polyurethane,                                                                            or Viton in handling the concentrated product. A complete se.                                                                                              under BETZ Point Of Feed
* and BETZ Semi bun Control
* programs for contracted quantities in cer.
lection of compatible feed equipment is available d'*                                                                                          tain geographic areas, rectly from Betz.
GENERAL PROPERTIES Appearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . colorless liquid Density at 70 'F (21 'C) . 8.5 lb/p:.1 (1.02 kg/L)
Flash Point (closed Cup ) . . . . . . 2116 'F (47 'C)
Freeze Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . < -30 ' F (- 34 'C)
Initial Crystallization Point . . . . . . . < 0 'F (-18 'C) pH (undiluted) .......................... 5.3 i                                                            (5 % solution) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 Brookfield Viscosity at 70 'F (21 'C) . . . . . 23 cP E PA Registration No. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3876-145 I
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          .'.                   MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET                                                        ,,,,        ;.,,,e,,,,,
       ;              6N881410 88 862 7     PRODUCT NAME                                             H.133A MICFIODIOCIDE                                ' ' '"('EEG  . . . . . . . .O g ,,,,,,,, ,, ,pe,,ca,mc
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MANUF ACTURER'S N AME                                                                                      EMERGENCY Calgon Corpc*ation                                TELEPHQNE NQ, l412) 777,QQQ ADDR ESS P.O. Box 1346, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15230 CHEMICAL N AME                                                                  FORMULA AND SYNONYMS                       Mictobiocide                                                 Multicomponent Liquid
             'A
                                        >        kN                               L g$                                                           T Lv tunital PRINCIPAL HAZARDOUS COMPONENT (3)                        CAS #                     ORAL LD4, BY WEIGHT                       OERMAL LD''              l[ l 0$HA ACGlH                   OTHER k'eC"'          Ethylene Glycol                          107 21 1           - 40        8540          19,530 mg/kg hA.                    Not       N/A comme n                                                                                 mg/k g                           500 ppm         Listed some
(",G'''                                                                                                                   ceiling k$U*"
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N8** Dodecylguanidine hcl                                 13594 97 1        ~ 12        820             9.2 g/kg            Not         Not         N/A (o m** ,      a                                                                         mg/kg                              Listed     Listed
           &",O"' isopropanel                                       67 63-0            ~5          $440            13 g/kg           TWA.        PEL-         sTEL.
mg/k g                           .400 ppm 400 ppm 500 ppm co.mmaa 8 m.
gm g...
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           =" MSNh $ le                                                   hhh?.?.hN.Y 0.?-??                                                            .
l? D BOf LING POINT (* F)                                    > 212                   SPECIFIC GR AVITY (H,0* t)                   1.02 1.05 PERCENT VOLATILE VAPOR PRES $URE (mmHg.)                            Similar to Water             By VOLUME (i.)                               8!,
V APOR CEN$17Y (AIRE 11                            Semilar to Weter             pH                                           2.4 10 k     SOLUBILITY IN W ATE R                              Miscible                     OTHER                                        N/A APPE AR ANCE AND ODOR                                    C10af, watef white liquid N/A = Not applicable ahile this information and recommendations set forth hetern are t>elieved to be accurate as of the date hereof, CAL GON CORPORA TION MAKES NO WARRANTY WITH RESPECT HERETO AND DISCLAIMS ALL LIABILITY FROM REllANCE THEREON.                                                                               Pes
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se cTION IV FIRE AND EXPLOSLON HAzAftp 0ATA '                                                                                                     .
F LA$H OOINT luethod used)
                                                                                                                                               ,pg a g
 **                                                                                  1660F (T.O.C.); This product la cord E XTINGUl$HING MEDI A                                                                                                                            , y i ,.
In case of fire, use dry chemical, foani of t.J2-IPEClOL FIRE FIGrefiNG PROCEDURES                                                                            Exercise Laution when fighting any chemic&l fire. A self contdned breathing apparatus and protective clothing are tuential.
L*NU$UAL FIRE AND                                                                                                                                     '
EXPLO510N HAZARDS None t
         ~''
                                                        ',.'         SECil0N V HEAL Ttg HAZAttD DATA                                                                          .
y EFFECT OF OVEREXPOSURE A. ACUTE
: t. INCESTION                                                        This product may be expected to be harmful or f atal if swallowed. The ethylene glycolin this formulation may cause intoxication, central nervous depresalon (incoordination, dizziness), respiratory f ailure, and liver and kidney damage.
: 2. INHALATION                                                      This product would not be expected to present en Inhaletion hazard.
: 3. DERM AL EXPOSURE
: e. Toxic                                                 This product would not be expected to be absorbed through the skin in harmful amounte b-       l* RIT ATiON                                    This product is espected to produce severe irritation upon contact with the skin, The primary skin irritation index (rabbit) is 5.08/S.
4 e se NstTl2 ATION                                     No dets were available to suggest that this product may produce an allergic skin reaction.
IMP 0002                                            6/6/89
        ,, g g ,

                     . - .       -  .      .               - .       ..            ..     . . - -          .      .~    _ .         . . - _ - - - - - . .     -
* 4. 8Yt 103lTAfl0N
:t Thb product would be e, .                 ' to produce sevore eye dem:p (chemical bums) upon ci                    ''na product produced primary f                                                      eye irritation scores rang'                   63 83/110.
: 3. SUDCH A0NIC, CHRONIC, OTHE R                                                                                                         ]
l No information was avell               . suppest that this product may                              !
produce adverse health o'            t' eollowing sulchronic or chronic eNposure, Ingestion of as little as il - , c.f ethylene glycol has ben reported                               I to be f atalin man. Ingesti of a large amount or repeated inestion of small amounts of ethyls... plycol may produce liver and kidney damage which may result la t'* eth,                                                                 l l
1 1
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                                                                                                   "; a .         ...       . s v.>, J ' , . -
                                                                                                                                                         %.yTh].]
FIRST AfD A. EYE                              g,, cae of contact, immediately flush eyes with wetet for et least
          .                                                    16 minutes. Seek medical aid.
I B. SKIN                             in case of skin contact,immediately wash with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes. Remove and wash contaminated clothing before tvuse.
C,   INGE STION                       jf swallowed, contact a physiclan or Poison Control Center. Drink 1 or 2 glasses of water and induce vomiting by touching back of throat with finger, or if evallable, by administering syrup of Ipecac. Do not induce vomiting or give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
NOTE TO PHYSICI AN: Probable mucosal damage may contraindicate pastric lavage, Measures against circulatory shock, respirotory depression and convulsions may be needed, D. INHALATION                       Not applicable i
IMP.0862        6/6/89 L
* a                                      '
A-   S ACitVLTV DAT A                     -
                                                                                                                                                                       ' w'1 ETAsLE                            X CONDITIONS Do not c                     inste water, food, er f and by storop cr disposal. Keep away
    . STADILITY          UN$TAtLE                              TO AVoto                             open flame Keep container closed.
from heet INCOMPATABILITY (M:wetis to Aemil i         44 Str            ihlaers
                                                                                               .s H AZARDOU$ DECOMPOslTION                                                                   .
P;ODUCTS If involvedid a fire, hcl and NH3 may be evolved.
Nb[.;
                                                                 'SEC1 TON Vlt SPhLt OR LEAK FROCEDURES'I i , l:
REPOaTABLE OUJ.NTITits ( AQ)
IN Les OF EPA HAZARDOUS                                                                                                          NOTIFY EPA OF PRODUCT $ PILLS SU85fANCEs lN PRJOUCT                                   1.               N/A                                                     EQUAL TO OR E XCEEDING
: 2. --                                                                           N/A            ggg, 3.
                     '                      ^$                Spills should be absorbed in sawdurt or sand and dispowd of in a landfill. This pesticide le toxic to NAT        1 L 5RELEA 03 SPILLED                                   fish. Do not discharge effluent into lakes, streams, nonds, estuarles, oceans, or public waters unless this product is specifically identified in an NPDES permit. Do not discherp effluent to sewer systems without previousiv notifyina the newsas treatmtntalant authoritv.
WASTE DISPOSAL METHOD                                   peggicid, wagtet are acutely hazardous. Improper disposal of escens pesticide, spray mixture or                      '
rinsete is a violation of Federellow, if these wastes cannot be disposed of by un according to label instructions, contset your State Porticide or Environmental Control Agency or the Hazardous Weste representative at your EPA Regional Office for guidance.
      ''C.,t * .           % y[I:[l;{[SECUQllt Vlif HANUitNG/SI
                                                                                                                                    $@hkr[.MWh ?
PROTECTIVE OLOVES                                                                                EYE PROTECTION Rubber                                               Chemical splash poggles or face shield OTHER PROTECTIVE CLOTHING                                               Not required AESPIRATOAY PROTECTION Not rsquired, however if the recommended ACGlH TLV or OSHA PE L for Isopropanol or Ethylene j~                                                           Glycol are exceeded, then an approved NIDSH/MSHA respirator should be und. (See Section ll)
VENTILATION                                           LOCAL E XH AU5T                                              OTHER                            .
Not required                                         Use only in well ventllated areas that will    -
MECHANICdL                                                        MP3 ntain air levels below limits established by IG W '80           Secommended                                    local, state and federal requistions.
STORADE & HANDLING DAF!GERI Corrosive.
Causes eye damage and skin irritation.
May be harmful or fatalif swallowed.
Do not get in eyes, on skin or on clothing.
W6er poggles or face shield and rubber gloves when handling.
l OTHER PRECAUTIONS Container disposal: Triple rinse (or equivalent). Then offer for recycling or reconditioning or puncture and dispose of in a landfill, t,y incineration or if allowed by state and local authorities by burning.
If burned, stay out of smoke.
N/A = Not applicable Patricia A. Pacella                             IMP 0062 $/6/89 P ee e at 4                                                 PREPARED BY

                                             ""ATER                                           NUCLEAR
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                                               ?
INDUSTRY PRODUCTS L
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                                                                                              & SERVICES J
I                                                                                                   Bulletin No. 3 25 H-133A MICROBIOCIDE DESCRIPTION H 133A Microblocide is a non oxidizing liquid, nitrogen based organic microbiocide for use in industrial systems. H 133A prevents growth of microorganisms encountered in industrial recirculati 1 cooling water systems.
ADVANTAGES
* Effective over a broad pH range and is compatible with most other water treatment additives for scale, deposition and corrosion control.
* Extremely effective for the control of sulfate reducing bacteria.
* H 133A is a non oxidizing biocide which means that it is available for microbiological control rather than being consumed by inorganic reducing substances in the cooling water.
* Protects cooling tower wood against fungal attack.
* Non corrosive to cooling tower wood and system metallurgy at use concentrations.
l         EPA REGISTRATION H 133A MicroblocIdo is registered by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA Registration No.10445 3) as a blocide for use in industrial recirculating cooling water systems.
DIRECTIONS FOR USE Badly fouled syctems should be cleaned before initiating treatment. Begin treatment when system is in jeopardy of becoming affected or after cleaning systems whose efficiency is already impaired. Slug feed H 133A as received-do not mix with other chemicals. Do not overfeed.
TrGatment should be applied at cooling tower sump, suction side of recirculating pump, or any other point that assures good mixing with system water. Slug feetiing should be timed so that the entire oose is applied within a one hou' period, Recommended dosages allow for normal water loss due to evaporation, drift, and system blowdown and afford adequate contact time with organisms. Your Calgon Representative will provido technical assistanco in determining optimum dosages in relation to specific plant conditions or problems.
Initial Dose if system is noticeably fouled, slug feed 6.6 to 13.2 fluid ounces of H 133A per 1000 gallons of water in the system (50 to 100 mg/L). Repeat until control is achieved.
Subsequent Dose After bactorial controlis achieved, feed 3.3 to 6.6 fiuid ounces of H 133A per 1000 gallons of water in the systom (25 to 50 mg/L). Apply treatment two to three timos per week, or as needed to maintain control.
CONTRO'L TESTING i        The best indication of the successful application of H 133A is visualinspection of tower surfaces or monitoring l            changes in heat transfor or metal surfaces of process equipment.
L                                                                                                                    4 m.....

1
    .        .                                                                                                                                                                                                   l
      .                                E4v' TYPICAL.PRbPERTIES Active Ing'edient M . . .'. I . .'. .' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.25% Dodecylguanidine hydrochloride Appearance . . . . . .'. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pale yellow to water white liquid, slightly turbid pH as s u pplied ' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.0 Specific G ravity @ 77 ' F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.04 Density, pou nds per gallon . . . . . . . . . . s . ... . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 Flas h Poi nt. ' F (TCC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Clo ud Poi n t, ' F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 7 PACKAGING H.133A is available in 5-gallon pails (40 lbs, not). 55-gallon plastic drums (460 lbs. net),275 gallon disposable pla.        bins (2275 lbs, net), or delivered to on.stte storage facilities via bulk or Calgon Bulk Liquid Service.
Plus '"
l SHIPPING                                                                                                                                                                                             l DOT Hazard Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Combustible Liquid                                    I DOT Proper Shipping Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Combustible Liquid N A N u m be r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 99 3 STORAGE AND HANDLING H 133A la stable at room temperature. Some hariness may occur in subfreezing weather, but placement in a heated storage area will return it to its original condition with blocidal properties unimpaired. Do not store near heat or open flame. Keep container closed when not in use. Best if used within six (6) months from the tims of receipt.
MATERIALS COMPATIBILITY                                                                                                                                                                        -
Recommended materials for:
Bulk Storage Tanks High density or cross-linked polyethylene, No. 304 stainless steel.
Pump " Liquid Ends" and Piping Polypropylene. PVC, Kynar, CPVC.
PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS Hazards to Humans and Domestic Animals.
DANGER CORROSIVE. CAUSES EYE DAMAGE AND SKIN IRRITATION.
MAY BE HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED OR ABSORBED THROUGH THE SKIN.
Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Wear goggles or face shield and rubber gloves whe.; handlir.,.
STATEMENT OF PRACTICAL TREATMENT EYE: In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical aid.                                                                                              j INTERNAL: If swallowed, call a physician or Poison Control Center. Drink 1 or 2 glasses of water and induce vomiting by touching back of throat with finger, or if available, by administering syrup of ipecac. Do not induce vomiting or give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
NOTE TO PHYSICIAN: Probable mucosal damage may contraindicate the use of gastric lavage. Measures against circulatory shock, respiratory depression, and convulsion may be needed, i
l

            .}                                                                                                                                             t I               NuCNMENTAL HAZARDS
   .,f'                dt., product is toxic to fish. Do not discharpe effluent containing this product into lakes, streams, ponds, c stuaries, oceans, or public waters unless this product is specifically addressed in an NPDES permit. Do not
,                    si,harge effluent containing this product to sewer systems without previously notifying the sewage treatment p'irAt authority. For guidance, contact your State Wster Board or Regional Office of the Environmenta!
s tutection Agency NOTICE: seller expressly warrants that the product conforms to its chemical description. There are no                              i warranties associated with the sale of this product either expressed or implied, including but not limited to the warrantles of fttness for a particular purpose Q merchantability.
ntemenon wm hwne w on,+wunente em may be revowed on sne Meww seMy onte sneer w saber w we swoduct                                     ;
For edenonal Ntumenon repening McMents hvoNom human and envronmental emoswe, cet (412) 177-s000 and en for the Hee)th aW Enmvvnentet Mews Depetment i
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('
     'eBUCKMANLABORATORIES,INC.
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET I         i BULAB 6002 mm Buckman Laboratories, Inc.                                                        j 1256 North McLean Boutward                                             .             _
Memphis, TN 38108 Phone:(901) 2784330 24 Hour Emergency:(901) 767 2722 Latest Revision: 4/19/89                          T Replaces: 2/989 SECTION 1                          ;       OSHA HAZARD Cl.ASSIFICATIONS Eye initant                                        .
t      ,
SECTION 2                  ,t    .
HAZARDOUS COMPONENTS Chemelaf Name             CAS Reaktrv Number                      % by Weicht         'Q,2 Poly [oryethylene-               31075 24 8                          00.0 %        Not applicable (dimethyliminio) ethylene-(dimethyliminio) ethylene dichloride) i SECTION 3                                  PRECAUTlCNARY LABELINFORMATION                                       ,
HAZARDS TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS l
CAUTION: Harmfulif swallowed. Avoid breathing vapors. Avod contact with skin, eyes, or clothing.
FIRST AID: If swallowed, drink promptly a large quantity of mi!K, egg whites, gelatin solution, or,if these are not available, drink large quantities of water.' Avoid alcohol. Call a physician immediately.
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS: This pesticide is toxic to fish. Do not discharge into takes, streams, I       ponds, or.public waters erless in accordance with an NPDES perrnit. For guidance, contact the regional office of the Environmental Protection Agency.
BuLAB 6002 PAGE1

     ,         ,,     SECTION 4                                   FIRST AlD INF0FMATION Eyes: Fkash immediately with copious amount of tap M*" or normal saline (minimum cf 15 minutes).
  .,                  Take exposed indkidual to a heath care professional, preferably an opthamologist, for further evaluation.
Skin: Wash exposed ata with plenty of soap and water. Repeat washing. Remove contaminated clothing and wash thoroughly before reuse. If irrtation persists consut a health care professional.
                      /nhalation: Move the exposed individual to tresh air, if indkidualis cyanotic or has difficuky breathing, administer oxygen,if available. Treat syiiv6T4.
                     /npostiont DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Rinse mouth wkh copious amounts of water or m k, first, irrigate the esophagus and dilute stomach contents by slowly pking one (1) to two (2) glasses of water or             .
mik. Avoid grving alcohol or sloohol related products. In cases where the indkidualis semkomatose,                    O comatose or corwulsing, DO NOT GIVE FLUIDS BY MOUTH. In case of intertionalingestion of the product seek modcal assistance immediately; take indtvdual to noarost medcal faci!ty,                                w NOTE TO PHYSICIAN: No specific antidote is ktown. Treat Symptoms. Medical Consukation is avalb able 24 hours a day. Cal 4he Buckman Center for Product Information at (901) 767 2722.
SECTION 5                                , PRIMARY ROUTES OF EXPOSURE Primary Route (s) of Exposure: Eye, Skin, Inhalation, Ingestion
: 1. E"ects from Acute Exposure -
Eye

==Contact:==
Possible eye irritant. Minimal ocular initation is expected. Irritation will e opend on length of exposure, solution concentration and first aid measures.
7 Skin

==Contact:==
Non Irritating to the skin
                          /npestion: No data is available on human ingestion. Based on information from animal studies no l                   adverse effects are expected. Inhalation: May cause imtation of mucous membranes and the lungs.
i                   Exposed individuals should be monitored for respiratory distress, bronchitis or pneumonia.
: 2. Effects from Chronic Exoosure -
r The effects from chronic exposure to Bulab 6002 have not been fully evaluated. Bulab 6002 has tested negative in both animal and human sensitization tests. In vitro mutagenicity tests on Bulab 6002 have been negative Birth defects are unlikely, animaltests were negative.
SECTION 6                                   TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION The following toxicity studies have been conducted on Bulab 6002.
Acute Oral LD50 (Rats): male: 3690 moig, female: 1850 mgig Acute Dermal LD50 (Rabbits): Greater than 2000 motg Eye imtation (Rabbits): Mild transient imtation.
Acute Inhalation (Rats): No deaths after a 1 hour exposure at 26.4 mg'L.
Skin Sensitiz~ation (Guinea Pigs): No evidence of sensitization. (Human): 2% aqueous solution pro.
duced no sensitization.
Mutagenicity: Unscheduled DNA Synthesis: Negatrve at doses up to 1500 mgAg.
BuLAB 6002 PAGE 2 l
l

in Vivo Mouse Micronucleus Assay: Negatke.
Drosophila Sex Unked Recesshe Lethal Assay: Negative.
      '.'                          90 Day Feeding Study (Rats): No Observable ENect Level of 3,000 ppm in diet. At ooses greater than 10,000 ppm mineralaation of the kidney tubules was observed.
90 Day DermalToxicity Study (Rabbits): No Observable EHect Level for systemic eHects is greater than 1,000 rrgkg. No Observable EHect Level br dermalirraation is 10 makg.
Teratobgy (Rats): Not teratogenic Two Generation Reproducibn (Rats): No Observable EHect Level br reproductNe eNects is 6,000 ppm.
Metabolism (Rats): Oral doses of 10 rrgkg br 14 days exhbited no tissue accumulation with rnost of the radiolabelled compound excreted in the feces. A sirpe dose of 1000 frokg resulted in rnost of the dose excreted by 7 days. Approximateh 2% remained in the body, the Irver having the greatest arrount.
Dermal Absorptbn (Rats): No absorption through the skin at doses of 2 or 20 rng. Less than 0.2%
absorbed at a dose of 200 mg.
SECTION 7                                   ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
: 1) Toxicity to Fresh Water Organisms:
96 Hr LC50 in Fish: Rainbow Trout          0.43 ppm in distilled water Bluegi'J Sunfish 0.45 ppm in distilled water 6.7 ppm in natural river water 48 Hr. EC50 in Invertebrates: ' Daphnia 0.162 ppm Chronic Toxicity / Reproduction Study: Daphnia magna 16 Day EC50 is greater than 1.0 mot.16 Day LC50 = 1.3 rig'L.
The No Observed Effect Concentration is 1.0 rrg'L for mortallty and reproduction.
: 2) Toxicity to Marine Organisms:
96 Hr LC50 in Sheepshead Minnows: greater than 600 ppm Mysid Shnrap:          13 ppm 48 Hr EC50 in Quahog Clam: 0.23 ppm
: 3) Toxicity to Birds:
Acute Oral LD50 in Bob White Quali: 1.0 mttg.
Dietary LC50 in Bob White Ouall: greater than 20.000 ppm Mallard Ducks: greater than 5,620 ppm euus 6oct                                              )
PAGE 3                                               '

5dCTION 8                              PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
                ^i-; r v,ce:                                                   Clear, pale yellow liquid Odor:                                                           Mild Density:                                                         1.13 1,16 9'ml at 25' C Flash Point:                                                    None Freezine Point:                                                 Lees than 0* C Boiling Point:                                                 Atme 212' F Solubility:                                                     Cormietely miscble in water, insobble in rnoet organic sokents pH, neat:                                                       8.0 8.0 at 25' C pH,100 ppm aqueous:                                            67 Vapor Pressure:                                                N%
* OctanoPwater Partition Coeffelent:                             N'A                                                  -
Oxidizing or Reducing Properties:                              N/A
                                                                                                                    ~
SECTION 9                             FIRE AND EXPLOSION INFORMATION
                                                                                                                          ~
Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, water loani or carbon dioxide. Water should be used to cool sur.
rounding containers.                                      '
                                         ;                           p.s a                       ;._
SECTION 10                    ,        REACTIVITYINFORMATION Stabuky:                                                        Stable incompatbility:       "
* LNone known -
Harantous Decomposkion Products:                                None known 4
1 SECTION 11                             HANDLING PRECAUTIONS Rubber gloves arid safety glasses or goggles are recommended.
SECTION 12                              MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION INFORMATION Tested Satisfactory Materials:
Teflon                                                          Polyethylene low density Polypropylene                                                   PVC rigid PVC flexible                                  ,                 Tygon                                              ,
Piemiglas                                                       Tyn!880 Neoptene                                                        Gum rubber i-Buna N rubber                                                   Silicone rubber Viton           -
Hypalon EPDM rubber                                                     Aluminum 5052 H34 Fiberglass BULAB 6002 PAGE4
[                                                                                      __    _ . _ . _          --

NOTE: The materials listed above have been tested with Butab 6002. Wah respect to all other materials
   .       e     not sisted above, user should be aware that use Gf such materiaD with Bulab 6002 may be hazardous and result in damages to such mataials and other property and personalirvsties. No data concoming sychy ,
  ,p             materials not listed above should be implied by the user.
SECTON 13                                   SPILL, LEAK, AND Di3POSAL PROCEDURES SPILL AND LEAK RESPONSE GUIDELINES important: When responding to a spill or leak of this product, follow recommendations contained in the Handling Precautions section (Section 11) of this MSDS.
Emergency Response Assistance: Emergency technical assistance is available at any time from Buckman Laboratories, Inc., by calling (901) 767 2722.
Initially minimke area e'focted by the spill or leak. Block any potential routes to water systems (e.g.,
sewers, streams, takes, etc.). Based on the products toxicological and chemical properties, and on the size and location of the spill or leak, assess the impact on contaminated environments (e.g., water systems, ground, alt, equipment, etc.); Minimize adverse effects on these environments. Determine il federal, state, and'or local release notification is required (see Regulatory information Section, Section 15). Recover as much of the pure product as possible. Later, determine if this recovered product can be used for its intended purpose. Address clean up of contaminated environments. Spill or leak residu-als may have to be collected and disposed of or flushed to sewer depending on amount of residual and type of sewer system.                                                              -
DISPOSAL GUIDELINES Note: Follow federal, state, and local regulations goveming the disposal of waste materials.
Neat Product: Contact your Buckman representative or Buckman Laboratories, Inc.,at (901) 278 0330.
Spill or Leak Residuals, Contaminated Materials: Determine if waste containing this product can be handled by available effluent system or other on site waste management unit (e.g... Incinerator, deep well, etc.). !! off site management is required. contact a company experienced in industrial waste man-agement.
Containers: Empty containers of this product are not hazardous wastes. However, insure proper man-agement of any residualleft in containers.
SECTION 14                                 TRANSPORTATION AND SHIPPING INFORMATION DOT Hazard Class:                                                  Nonhazardous l
This product may have more than one proper shipping name, depending on packaging, product proper.
ties, and mode of shipment. All products shipped from Buckman locations have been property packaged and labeled according to appropriate hazardous' shipping regu!ations that apply for that particular shipment. If any alteration of packaging, product, or mode of transportation is further intended, different shipping names and labeling may apply. If there are any questions pertaining to hazardous shipping requirements, contact the Buckman transportation department for further details.
DVtJB 6002 PAoE s

SECTON 15                                                                                       REGULATORY INFORMATON
        , 4                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    -
l   -
* The following Regulations are known G appY Q the use and disposal of this pro.1 -                                                                                                                                                                         litional Federal, State and Local regulations may also be apolcable.
CERCLA (Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Uability ?. ' This produd does tot contain greater than 0.1% of any 40 CFR 302.4 Ested hazardous substance (s), c.
SARA (Superhind Amendments and Reauthortistion Act): This product crAtains th? tr% wing toxic chemicals as defined by various regulatbns under SARA.                                                                                                                                                                                      .
SARA Secten 302 Extremely Hazaous Substances List 40 CFR 200 No components of this product are listed on the Extremely Hazardous Substances List.
SARA Section 312 Hazard Category 40 CFR 327 Immediale (Acute) Health Hazard SARA Section 313 Toxic Chemicals list 40 CFR 372.45 This product does not contain greater than 0.1% of any compound Ested on the Toxic Chemicals List.
RCRA (Resource Conservation and Recc$ery                                                                                       ). This product is not specffied as a hazardous waste under 40 CFR 261. However, prior to disposal of the neat product, consideratbn should be gNen to disposalinformation provided on the Bulab 6002 EPA approved label.
CWA (Clean Water Act): This product does not contain components contained in 40 CFR 401.15 at greater than 0.1%.
OSHA Ha:ard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200): Based on the Hazard Communication Standard, the followir.g chemicals occur in this product at greater than 1%, are not proprietary and are hazardous. Below are these chemicals and their associated hazards:
Poly (oryethylene(dimethyliminio)ethylenei                                                                                           ~ Eye irritant (dimethyliminio) ethylene dichloride)
ACIGH (American Conference of GovemmentalIndustrial Hygienists): TLV (Theeshold Limit Valus):
This Agency has not established a TLWTWA/STEL for the hazardous component of Bulab 6002.
FDA (Food and Otug Administration): Not AppTcable TSCA ( Toxic Substances Control Act): Bulab 6002 is a registered pesticide. It is not regulated under this Act.
FIFRA (FederalInsecticide. Fungk:ide and Rodenticide Act): Butab 6002 is a register petticide. EPA Registration Number: 1448-42.
HMIS/NPCA Ratings
* Health 1: Flammabiltty 1; Reactivity 1.
NFPA Ratings:                                                                                    Health 1: Flammability 1; Reactivity 1.
STATE REGULATIONS Calilomia Sale Drinking Water and Toxic Enfoicement Act of 1986 (Ptoposition 65): Waming: this product contains a chemical known to the State of Califomia to cause Cancer in laboratory animals.
Massachusetts Hazardous Substances list: Any listed cortponents are shown in Section 2 of this MSDS.
BuLAS 6002 PAGE 6

             ,,       Van'ous Sta:] Right to Know Acts: Non proprietary hazardous chemicab : te kstod in Section 1 of this
              .      MSDS. Should you require funher informatcn on specife proprietary che@ds or inerts please contact Buckman Laboratones Regulatory Affairs Department, f
The information on this Material Safety Data Sneet reflects the latest int    ;bn and data that we have on hazards, properties, att handling of this product under the rommtm           cwditions of use. Any use of this product or rneth:d of applicaton which is tot descrbod in the PrcJ.)J Data Sheet ts the responsbility of the user. This Material Safety Data Sheet was prepare'' to compfy with the OSHA Hazard Communic.ation regulat'  o v.
9 l
OuLAB 60C2 PAGE 7

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INDUSTRIAL j p/,g; ~
i Buckman L aboratories .                                  .                  ~~
I W i s VE tu ns B Ua ne                               .
iNiniS1HtAt Wall H THE AfMLNT OtVISION i
BULAB* 6002 1
* Control of algae and bacteria in cooling and process water systems
* Control of microbiological slime in industrial air wash systems
* Control of Asian Clams (Corbicula fluminea)in cooling and process waters
* Non foaming, very low odor
* Effective over a wide pH range
* Compatible with all Bulab corrosion inhibitors and dispersants                                                                                             I I
Application                                                                        is effutive with r without the usJ of chlorine. The exact                    j amount of Bulab 6002 required and the optimum point                          l Bulab 6002 is a polymeric quaternary ammonium                                      of addition will vary. Your Buckman representative w;ll compound designed to control bio fouling in commercial                             survey the system and advise the best parameters                             !
I                and industrial water systems. It is suggested for use in                           of use.
cooling tower and air wash systems.
Product Data                                                                 i Dosage and Feeding Appearance:                        Clear, pale yellow liquid Microblological Control Odor:                              Mild Heavy infestation of biological growth, microbiological                                                                                                        *
!               slime, and other deposits should be mechanically                                    pH (100 ppm):                      6-7                                      ,
I removed before application of Bulab 6002. The specific                              Flash point:                       None below 212 'F                        '
dosage will vary depending upon system conditions, p               ,                                      ,
water chemistry, and ses ,rity of fouling. When the                                                 '
;               system is noticeably fouled, add 0.9-2.2 fl oz per                                  Density at 25 *C:                  1.13-1.16 g/mL 1000 gat (8-20 ppm) of water in the system. Repeat until Approximate control is achieved. When microbial control is evident, volume per kilogram:              870 mL l               add 0.2-2.2 fl oz (2-20 ppm) per 1000 gal of water in l               the system as needed to maintain control. Your Buckman                              Approximate representative will recommend the most effective dosage                               volume per pound:                39$mL l               for optimum results. To achieve uniform distribution, Bulab 6002 should be fed as received at a point of Storage and Handling maximum agitation.
Bulab 6002 is moderately toxic by ingestion in single Control of Corbicula Iluminea                                                        doses, but 24-hout patch tests with the concentrated Corbicula //umines, more commonly known as the Asian                                 material on both male and fsmale human subjects clam, is now pari of the fauna of most rivers and streams                            showed no sign of skin irritation or sens:tization. As in all but the northern states of the U.S.A. Its rapid                   .          a general precaution, workers handling the product growth rate has resulted in its being a major cause of                               should avoid contamination of food and observe other fouling of water lines and heat exchanger tubes at                                   precautions shown on the label, electrical power stations and industrial plants.                                    Bubb 6002 is a liquid packed in nonreturnable drums.
Butab 6002 has effectively prevented fouting by Corbicula                           11 can be stored and handled in stainless steel.
Ilum/nes when used at concentrations as low as 2 ppm. It                             aluminum, and most plastic materials.
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MATERIAL SATETY DATA SHELT g                 Buckman Laboratories Inc.
1256 North McLean Boulevard
                                        --              Memphis TN 38108 (901) 278-0330 Product Name: Bulab 6009                                   Date: 5/16/88 Hazard (s) as defined by OSRA Hazard Communication Standards Highly toxic by inhalation of mist.
Corrosive to eyes and skin. Sensitizer.
Toxic by ingestion. Combustible.
COMPONENTS Chemical Name                            % by vt     TLV 2-(Thiocyanomethylthio)benzothiazole                  30.0      N/A CAS Registry Number 21564-17-0 Aromatic hydrocarbon solvent                                  100 ppm PHYSICAL DATA Appearance:         Dark brown liquid          Density (g/mL, 25'C): 1.08 Odor                Slight                     pH (neat):           N/A Boiling point: Unknown                         pH (100 ppm in water):
Solubility:         Dispersible in water                        6+7 FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA Tlash points 123 'T (Tag Closed Cup)           Flammable 11mics: N/A Extinguishing Media: Water fog,             carbon   dioxide, foam, dry chemical Special Pirefighting Procedures         None REACTIVITY DATA Stability:     Stable                           Incompatibility: None Hazardous Decomposition Products: Unknown HEALTH RAZARD DATA Acute Effects: Acute Dermal LD50: Creater than 2 g/kg.
Irritant Effects: Corrosive to eyes and skin.
Sensitization Effects: Sensitizer.
Carcinogenic Potential:          Not listed in any of OSHA Standard.
Section 1910.1200 sources as carcinogenic; not tested by Buckman Laboratories, Inc.

                't
        ,,    .s Other Health Effects:- Inhalation Toxicity was conducted with an 801 technical grade of TCMTB under misting conditions. Normal use of this product under non-misting conditions should not presant occupational hazards.
MANDLING PRECAUTIONS Rubber gloves and safety glasses or goggles are required. Body-
* protective clothing is strongly recommended. Eye-wash fountains L
in the work place are recommended. Respiratory _ protection required for work areas where misting may occur.
DiERGENCY AND FIRST AID INSTRUCTIONS Eye exposures           Flush-with clean, cool water for 15 minutes.                 See
  ,                                   a physician..
Skin exposure             Vash with soap and water. See a physician if irritation occurs.            Remove and wash contaminated clothing.
Inhalation           Remove to fresh air.
SPILL, LEAK, AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES-
                         - Large: spillst              Dam area to prevent spill from entering fish-bearing waters.: Pump into approprittc containers. Dispose of as.below.
Small spills:               Flush liquid to sewer with copious amounts- of water.
Product disposalt Product'is hazardous vaste. EPA Hazard Code                                   j (I). EPA Hazardous Waste Number D001 due to flashpoint.                              '
Container disposal: Offar for recycling or triple rinse and dispose of in an approved landfill.                                                  l REGULATORY CLASSITICATTONS DOT Shipping:                  ' Corrosive -Shipping names Corrosive liquid, N.O.S.
EPA Registration:                EPA Reg. No. 1446-55.
TSCA Inventory:                 Not applicable.
FDA Regulation (s): 21'CFR 176.300,-
Calif. Proposition 65: Varning: _This product contains aromatic                                 '
hydrocarbon solvent a chemical knc.wn to the state of California                   ;
to cause cancer.
The information on this Material Safety Data Sheet reflects the latest _information and data that we have on hazards, properties.
                         'and handling of this product under the recommended conditions of-use. Any use of this product or method of application which is not described in_ the Product Data Sheet is the responsibility of the user.
L This' Material Safety Data Sheet was prepared to comply with the OSHA Hazard Communication regulations.
NPCA/KMIS Rating: Health 3; Flammability 2; Reactivity 1.
NFPA Ratingt Health 3; Tiammability 2; Reactivity 1.
P Bulab 6009 5/16/88                                                                                          ?
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l .i Decrada?lon Products:
The principle degradation product of 2 Ghiocyanomethylthlo)benzothlarole in water is 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, with the release of small arnounts of hydrogen sulfide and formaldehyde.
The postulated deStadation mechanism is shown below:'
N Alf Al                  N V *$
8                 \    $        ,     "A  AN Q%$            ($
TCMTD N
N Dl,sN                     $     :
Als   \     s Y                      $   $     V '$      2 merupotenunhinole 4
H                            11
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* 5          II     II 11                                 ll Nan Deren, .l. M.1983. Project No. ANA 234 Hydrolysis of TCMTB, Final Report.

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                                                                                                                      -   *,0 muusimAL WANR MEATsENT DfVISION
                                                                                                            ,.                                         ,          .                 E,              p        '
W4W BULAB* 6009
* Broad spectrum microbicide
* For use in severely microbiologically fouled systems
* Excellent control of wood deteriorating fungi e Very effective against Aslan clams
* Effective over a wide pH range
* Compatible with all Bulab corrosion inhibitors and dispersants General systems. Before treatment is begun, the system should Bulab 6009 is used for the control of microorganisms                                     be cleaned thoroughly to remove old algal growth, in industrial and commercial cooling water systems,                                      microbiological slime, and other deposits. The system Because of its unique blocidal and physical properties,                                  should then be drained, flushed, refilled with water, and treated.
It is particularly effective for controlling fungi which degrade cooling tower wood. Bulab 6009 can be sprayed                                    The frequency of treatment depends on the amount of on the tower wood surfaces or added to the water on a                                    bleedoff and the severity of the microbiological fouling slug of continuous basis for control of fungi and other                                  problem. For uniform distribution, the product should be microorganisms.                                                                          fed as received at a point of strong agitation.
Bulab 6009 is also very effective in controlling the Aslan                               Your Buckman representative will recommend the most clam, Corbicula fluminea. Your Buckman representative                                    effective dosage for optimum results can recommend the appropriate procedures fest control.
Microbiological treatment of cooling tower wood Product Data                                                                              ""8 ' "''
* d '' **i'C' ' '" 'YP'8 '
Appearance:                            Dark brown liquid                                  deterioration-that chemical in nature and that caused by the action of microorganisms. Those microorganisms i              Odor:                                  Slight                                             most generally involved are fungi capable of degrading i              pH (100 ppm in water):                 6-7                                               cellulosa. Many cooling water biocides are not effective Flash point (Tagliabue                                                                   fungicides. Because of its superior, broad-spectrum closed cup method):                                                                    activity against cellulytic fungi, Bulab 6009 is the product 60 'C (123 'F)
Freezing point:                       Less than -40 'C                                              #'''         " "*"#' "'**                                        "E ' #
(- 40 'F)
Your Buckman Laboratories representative will (77                                 1.08 g/mL (9.0 lb/ gal)                            te ommend the most effective treatment program for Approximate                                                                              your syetem.
volume por kg:                       928 mL Appm mate                                                                                 Storage and Handling volume per pound.      .
420 mL                                     .
Bulab 6009 is a liquid packed in nonreturnable drums.
Materials of construction satisfactory for handling the Dosage and Feeding                                                                       P' d"*' '" '"d' TY P' 8 ' ' ''''"'''' ''"'                                   'd'* "Y' "'
Teflon, polyeth        l / ene, and polypropylene.'
* Micro 6/clogicalcontrolin cooling water systems improper harcing of this product can be injurious to Bulab 6009 is used to control algae, bacteria,                                           workers. Observe all safety precautions shown on the Cnd fungi in industrial recirculating cooling water                                       label and in tie Material Safety Data Sheet.
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[i                                             MOLLUSCICIDE t            -
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BU C K M AN L A BO R AT O RIES
                                                                                                                                                                   ~~
Bulab' 6009 A New Advance in Clam Control Corbleula fluminea, the Asian clam, continues to                                the time required to obtain 100% kill of the Asian cause serious problems for industrial and power                                    clam, As shown on ine graph Bulab 6009 was effec-generating plants throughout the Western Hemi-                                    tive at levels as low as 0.125 ppm. More rapid kill rates sphere despite all that is being done to provide con-                              can be achieved using higher dosage rates, trol. The most significant problems have occurred at This extreme versatility allows a Bulab 6009 pro.
plants using water on a once through basis. The high                               gram to be tailored to your plant'e conhguration and cost of treatment and lack of products approved by                                 discharge limitations. Since Bulab 6009 is approved regulatory agencies for once through applications ~ by the United States Environmental Protection have placed serious limitat'ons     .       on the affected plants.
Agency for application to once-through ane: recir-Fortunately, we new have Bulab 6009 the latest                                 culating systems, it is the product that can fit into weapon in the war against Corbicula fluminea. Bulab                               almost any system.
6009 is extremely effective against the Asian clam.                                   Buckman Laboratories was the first company to and it can be applied at very low rates making it en'                             offer a truly effective product for control of Corbicula vironmentally acceptable and economically feasible                                fluminen, Bulab 6002. Continuing research and com.
for once through plants.
mitment 10 the science of mollusk control has resulted Bulab 6009 was tested at the Center for Corbicula                              in Bulab 6009, the second generation of c!am con-Research, University of Teus-Arlington, to determine                              trol technology.
Bufab 6009 vs. Corbicula fluminea Doye                       Time to 100% kill 70 60 -
           ^
so -
40 -
30 20 go .                                    .
0                 '          '       '      ' ' '         ' '                '      '      '
O.1                                                      1 Feedrate in ppm assed on continuous feed A.ww.nas=ris e ma e r= aussa= e, Ewe on era s            o e := , +.e. m re = at m e,mer e e.mr m conr=< w seaw tamnw. eaa ,e emau
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1

84 4
4 ENCLOSURE !!
(LetterD03754)                                    ;
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PROPOSED BIOCIDE TREATMENT AND DISCHARGE This report addresses the proposed use of a biocide (trade name: Proxel GXL) at hiillstone Nuclear Power Station in Waterford, Connecticut. Proxel GXL is a 19G solution of 1,2-Benrisothiazolin-3-one (BIT) in aqueous dipropylene glycol.
Introduction hiillstone is proposing to use Proxel GXL to treat Radwaste hiaterial that has become chemically unstable due to microbial activity. hiore specifically, Ecodex resin waste (i.e.,
a predominantly cellulore based material) has been observed generating methane (CH4) pas. This production of methane gas has rendered the Ecodex waste unsuitable for burial as per 10CFR61.56 requirements. Subsequently, hiillstone has had to store Ecodex v ate shipping casks on-site for prolonged periods. This is an undesirable practice because of increased personnel exposure, increased costs (shielded storage containers), and potential safety hazards.
Proxel GXL was chosen as the administered biocide for the following reasons.
* Low toxicity and minimal environmental impact.
* It is non-oxidizing and should be chemically compatible with all system components.
* lt can kill both aerobic and anaerobic baneria.
lt is used as a preservative and will provide sustained protection.
TestincWischarce Path The hiillstone Chemistry Department, working in conjunction with a professor from the University of Connecticut, has recently completed some initial experimentation concerning the effectiveness of the Proxel GXL biocide /biostat. This experimentation, although not conclusive, does indicate that the Proxel GXL biocide at a concentration of 2,200 ppm (WN) will significantly reduce the microbiological activity in an Ecodex waste liner.
l            The following is a flow diagram for the disposition of the Proxel GXL. The concentration i
of 2200 pprn Proxel GXL and the initial volume of 200 gallons are conservative values.
Subsequently the final concentration of 7.02 pp/L Proxel noted in the Unit Al discharge i
water should not be exceeded. This will am be a one-time occurrence as it is anticipated to treat all future shipping casks containing Ecodex waste material (maximum of four shipping casks per year).
1 l
1 l
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 /.
..                                                                                              j Recirculate throuch liner v
200 gallon                                      Ecodex solution of                                     Shipping 2,200 ppm                                        Cask Proxel After treating cask, batch is added to Decon solution tank
                        <          u   N                                 ,
(.             j              First Dilution =
0 x 2.200 = 147 ppm 3,000 Gallon Decon Solution Tank
                        <(001 A-4)     J Pumped at 20 gallons / minute Unit One Discharge               :                     Quarry 420,000 Gallons / Min (j                               (001A)         ;
Concentration of Proxel as it enters the Quarry water =
o 147 ppm x 42b,n000 = 7.02(-3) ppm 'or        ppb' or    7.02 4 L L
The final concentration of 7.02 pg/L in the Unit 1 Discharge water should pose no risk to the aquatic life in the quarry water based on Toxicity Studies.
Acute Toxicity LC50 (mg/L) 96 Hours Rainbow               Bluegill Product                     Trout                  Sanflih Proxel GXL          .        7.0                   30.0
                                                      -2

j e'      -                                                                                                                                                               3 Regulatory clearances                      USDA                                                    Effluent Tests                                       '
EPA                                         PROXEL CRL and PROXEL GXL are                           Fish Toxicity PROXEL' CRL (EPA Reg No.                    fng     en s in aints s d i Fed                         Resutts of acute toxicity tests on twc 10182 3) and PROXEL GXL (EPA .-                                                                     species of fresh water fish using the Reg No 10182.30) are registead for          eraffy inspected plants. They are also considered acceptable for use as                       flow through technique are given use es preservat:yes to' aqueous                                                                    * *'
88                             components for packaging adhesives
[ ' 030       ab e    e i'j           n{s    having minimal contact with meal or                     Acute Toxicity LCw (mg/l) 96 hour p     ucts prepared under water based adhesives. casein / rosin       k]((3;                                                                         Rainbow Bluegill dispersions, textile spin-finish Product                 Trout          Sunfish solutions. etc.
PROXEL GXL also has specifc               Health Considerationi;                                  PROXEL CRL                36              17A cles.ance for use as a preservative                                                                  PROXEL GXL                i0             30 0 for pesticide formulations The               Skin and Eye Contact                                           -
c@arance is:
Both PROXEL CRL and PROXEL ap @em 40 CFR 180.1001 (d)                         GXL are severe skin and eye                             LaboraHy evidence oemonstra'es For use as a preservative /stabikzer in pesticide formulations. And is           imtants. Repeated skin contact may                      that five parts of BIT per milhc i can exempted from the requirement of            result in sensitization in some cases                   be degraded by settled sewagn Take precautions to avoid skin and                      organisms (Bunch and Chambers tolerance when used in accordance with good agricultural practice as          eye contact by wearing suitable                         test)into h6rmless metaboktes prote       e clothing including goggies Activatcd sludoa PMobic Limitation' Not more than 0.1% of e or ua           of mo than 0.02            Remove eye contamination prompt,                     oxid9tiQn                                        -
ty by copious irrigation with clean                     Laboratory tests indicate that a water Continue nr. sing for at least                    shock spillage of C FDA                                         15 minutes Seek medical attention,                                                       of BIT into a sewage system sets                30.000 peoph Remove skin contamination prompt-                    will suppress respirat,an of the XE . G          Ben s the 20in                        9 WB          9          8               sludge oy only 2004 A contmous 3 one (BIT) has a wide spec.               Ingestion                                              dose of up to 10 ppm of the feed trum of clearances apphcable to                                                                     shows only minor effects pretarvatives used in paper, paper-         ingestion of PROXEL antimicrobiais                                             .
Anaerobic digestion coattog and adhesive apphcations.           willirntate the mouth and gastric tract but the toxic effect will be shght                A shock spillage of one ton of BIT These are:                                  unien farge amounts are swallowed.                      into the digester of a sewage system 21 CFR 175.105: c(5)                        Oral LDse (Rat) mg/kg body weight                       serving 100.000 people will show For use as a preservative in adhesives, only small effects on efficiency. A                   -
21 CFR 176.170; a(5)                        PROXEL CRL                              667             continuous feed up to 2 ppm could For use as a preservative in paper.         PROxEL GXL                              885             be permitted by the seme digester coating compositions in contact with aqueous and fatty foods.                   g, Mestion. However,in the Limitation 0.01 mp/in' (0.0016 mg/cm') of the finisned paper and jds'         u s         owii erat paperhoard                                   amou.its of water or milk immediately.
21 CFR 176.180,b                             Seek medical attention as soon as For use as a preserv(2)                      possible. Do not induce vomiting ative in paper--
c atin       om osit!ons in contact                       p, Limitation: 0.02 mg/in! (0 0031         'The 'n'o''8h n and recommendations in tnie pueheation are. to the best of our know'eoge rehabi.
mg/oT18 ) of finishea paper a'nd             suggestions mea concerning uses or apphesbons are only the opincn et ICI Amereces Inc and user snouie ma n e tneir own tests to oetermine tne svetaoihty o' these procucts for rne< own ria t.cuiar pur pose paperboatd.                                  Howevet because of numerous tactors aMecting resutts ICI Amencesirr M AKESNoWARAANTY O ANY KIND. EXPRESS OR IMPLIEo. INcLuDiNo THOSE OF MERCM ANTADiLITY ANo FITNESS FO 21 CFR 176.300 (c)                           PURPoSF. otner than that the materia: conforms to its apphcacie current Standa'd Specification-For use as a slimicide in tne manu-          Statements nerein tnerefo'e snouro not be construeo as representahons or wa rant'es Tne respons facture of paper and paperboard                                ' ''                                                *
                                                           $$, se s         led to tN fu'rena'se'oYe) tr         aN                    #
that contaet t00d.                              Statements concemeng tne use o8 the products or formulatons oesenoeo nerein a e not to be construe Limitation: 0.06 lbs / ton of dry       a8 'ecomed'no 'ne 'ntnngemt or any patent are ro hab uy for intnngemt ansing out ce a-Weight fiber-
                                                          $$r'$$ahons.c        although current at tne time of pubhcation.                    are subiect to enan
                                                          ..tece For idtest Stancaro Specsticabons contact our nearest sales othee 4

h                                                   ammmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmu
* Broad pH compatability:
     . The Preservation Problem                            ranefits                                              en,ct,y, oye, , pg ,ange of 4 to
* Broad spectrum of activity:                         12, allowing use in almost all meroorganisms are found through.
out the environment. They will grow                   effective against microorganisms                   substrates under a wide variety of conditions                     causing spoilage of industrial
* Liquid: easily incorporated into including those which exist in most                    products                                           products by liquid measure or
!       w2ter based industrial products
* No formaldehyde: not depen.                         direct metering For cxample, aqueous formulations              dent on the relasse of formalde-
* Low toxicity: minimal toxic of binders, thickeners, dispersants.                  hyde for antim.crobial activity                    hazard in use surfactants and other organic and
* Heat stability: nonvotatile and
* Low environmental impact:
stable at the elevtiled temperatures               readily degraded in the environ-n      sus ept b e to mic obial            oHen en00uNered dung p%Ct                          ment to matenals less toxic man attack. Such attacks may resuh in                    maWaWe aM Swage                                    me ongeal CompouM physical changes which re @ 'he product unusable, e g , visco .h losses, phase separation, discolora-tion, or unpleasant odors.                       Effectiveness indue:d spo$1a ay e                  iou Minimum Inhibitory Concentration terms of loss of both prodet and time.                                                                     (M.I.C.) (ppm)
Orgentsa                              PROXEL CRL                        PROXEL GXL
                                                               ~
The Solution-PROXEL*                             BacEn PROXEL cntimicrobial agents protect               5ecillus subti'is                          25                                 40           -
your inveeiment by            enting tN           Slaphylococcus aureus                      25                                 40 growth G. ' rwr s .
                                         ~ thrDs)hout       Streptococcus faecalis                     25                                 40
      - tha manufacture e                   ,;e o. ycur     Streptococcus factis                       10                                 15 product.                                         Etnerobacter cloacae                       50                                 80 PRO'/ EL antin   ;cd1            highly     Eschenchia cols                            25                                 40 ctfective and i.:cc: +,
u:a.      Proteus vulgaris                           75                                125 tions based on the w eactive                      Psevoamonas aeruginosa                    150                               250 agent                  _ . .                     Pseudomonas fluorescens                   100                               150
                   "                                   ~ ~ Rhodopseudomonas capsulata                    10                               15 I 1     ,2 Benzisothiazolin.       ,ne (BIT)          Serratia marcescens                        50                                 80
(                             _ _ _ _ ~
O Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae                  150                               240 Saccharomy 'es turbicans                  150                               240 h/(N                    NH Fungi Aspergillus niger Aureobasidium pullulans 200 200 350 350 Cladosponum herbarum                        50                               80
                                           /                 Penicillium notatum                         75                              125 Q         PROXEL CRL is a 30% solution of BIT in aqueous ethytene diamine.
  .        PROXEL GXCs a 19Mion of BIT                        /    '
  .' in aqueous doropylene glycol.
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App!! cations                                        Unage l                              PROXEL' antimicrobials find use in                  Amount to Add                                                    Wht n to add numerous                 appl eatigns. thanks to their Several f actors affect the amount of                            PROXEL entimicrobials may be in-P PROXEL antimicrobial to add to your                              corporated into the formulation at i
hSa include ~.                                      product These include.                                          any convenient stage during manu-
* Syntnetic polymerernuisions:                                                                                      facture since they are readily solubl.
SBR PVA and acrylics used in
* the susceptibility of the formuta-                            in aqueous based products at use                      '
paints. Bdhesives, paper coatings                  tion to microbiolNical attack                               concentrations However,it is stron; and carpet backings
* the ex1ent to which mictentganisms                            ly recommended that PROXEL ants t
* Latex paint: trade sales and                         can gain access                                             microbiais be added as early as pos industrial
* the number and type of Uganisms                              Srble during the manuf acturing
* Aqueous slurries: clay titanium                       P''S'"!                                                     P' C'88 ' 'h*'nate centamination ohn anses hom water, raw
_ dioxide, etc.
* Ine OH of the formulation
* Adhesives: starch. PVA, dextrin                    *    'n    nperature and duration for                          pr       s I
casein and otMrs                                      a , protection is required.                                   Long term storage of a high Numerous other aqueous based                    CnJr experience indicates the use                               strength aqueous dilution (t 10%)of products require a preservative.                    levels in Table 1 give excettent                                PROXEL CRL or PROXEL GXL is not PROXEL antimicrobials are used in                   protection.                                                     recommended.
many of these and may be an ideal .
product for your apphcation. Contact'                                                                  Typical use levels for PROXEL (%)
the Technical Service Laboratory of                 Table l                   (based on total weight of formulat:0n requiring protection)
ICI Americas with your inquiries.
Product                                                        PROXEL CRL                      PROXEL GX Synthetic pofymer emulsions                                        0 020 0.050                        0.035 0.080 Latex paint                                                       0.025-0.100                        0.040 0.125 Aqueous slurries                                                  0.025 0.075                        0.040 0.125 Adhesives                                                         0.030 0.120                        0.050 0.200 2
                                                                                                                                                                            -,. 9-y        -+,p-

                    ...                                                                        U.             .-
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f                                                                                                                                      ~ "
Properties
* I Method of Addition 3                                                                  Characteristics                               PROXEL CRL                PROXEL GXL As havids PROXEL ant:microb ats are incorporated easdy into you formu!a-                    Composition tion by 14 Quid measure or direct                                                                     a solution of BIT (30%) a solution of BIT (19%)        -
in aqueous etnyiene       in aqueous d: propylene metenng Detai!s on recommended                                                                        d, amine                  glycol e          metering systems are avadable                           Physical Form                                 dark brown kauid          dark brown hourd l           Plant Hygiene                                          viscosity (25' C)                             15 cent: poise            350 centipo:se h Presen shve use should be :: n-                                  Specific Gravey (25'C)                        1 13                      1_14 j piemented by a good stan:: ara of                                pH (25'C)                                     108                       12 0 k plant hyg:ene to re::uce potential                               Boihng Point                                  180'C                     100'C spoilage problems Production equip-                     Flash Point ment, storage tanks and prpehnes                          (Pensky Ma" tin k should al! be cleaned regularly.                                   close0 cup method)                          >108'C                    >200* C
 !              Af ter physically cleaning away                    Stab;hty                                      Stabie under al! normal storage cond;tions The active 3          adnerent debris, plant sanitabon may agent is heat stab;e and nonvotat:le Protect from frost q eo so ut on             r ah (3                   ''* *"'"'""''***'***"*"#0"'*"* * * " "'**                                                                -
formaldehyce) or hypochlorite (15-i 20 ppm free available chlorine!                                    '
1 tnrough process equipment For max-imum effectiveness, a pH between 5 and 7 should be mainta:ned I li possible, allow the sanitf2ing
! Solution to Circulate ove nigh!
}
After hypochlorite circutabon, it is essential to thoroughly rinse your manufacturing equipment with good quahty water before reintroducing the procuct treated witn PROXEL ant!-
microbialin your process equipment 3

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                'a             ,
* i              ."1 ED FARMER & ASSOCIATES, INC.
4-                Jg l                                                             .       .  .
PRESSURE POINT ANALYSIS I.M EFA, INC.'S PPA                               .
What's News TOO GOOD TC BE TI.UE?
Industry and government's concern                            Low cost is achicted through use of top
                    .about leak detection is now addressed.                       quality components (Compaq computers, EFA,        Inc.'s   patented     breakthrough,              for example) configured as a product Pressure Point Analysis performs as                          (as opposed to a custom system),
well or better than the most expensive                                        * *
* and- exotic           alternatives        yet      is        SCADA capability is built ^a for users inexpensive and simple to apply,                             that need to do leak detection but do
                                         * *
* not have a SCADA system. This saves            1 High           performance          has        been          hundreds of thousands of dollars,              i demonstrated at .cach                installation.                            * * *                          '
Detecting 1/4 inch and 1/8 inch holes                        Fast, easy installation and start up are within seconds' to a few minutes is                          assured by sound system design, simple commonplace.            False alarming can                   interfacing to instruments or host usually be climinated.                                       computer, and a - tightly integrated
                                         * *
* package.      Typical sts t-up takes less Liquids, gases and some two phase flow                       than two hours.
situations.are compatib!c to PPA. The                                        * *
* PPA technique climinates most fluid                          Simple -     operation     results      from properties problems.                                         suggestions - by dozens of           industry  ;
                                         * - *
* people.      The displays and operator        i l                    Special~ Instruments are not required.                       control features . incorporate what            l l'                   PPA was designed to work with                                operators say they want implemented in ordinary ' process . control instruments                     ways they say "make sense."
(most field testing was done with                                            * *
* Rosemont 1151 GP pressure trans-                             Eve,ything you need for success comes mitters).                                                    with the package including software,
                                         * . *
* computer, complete user's manual, and Flexible, . versatile system configuration                   our help. We provide training so that          ,
is achieved with insightful, modular                         successful operation is assured and so design. PPA interfaces to a SCADA                            you can confidently configure new system on a local' area network or as a                     -points and modify old ones, all without printer would thus achieving a . simple,                     extra help.
                    . economical M:; connection. ' PPA can                                        * **
also connect directly into instrument                        You can't fall with PPA, You get a INps, eliminating the need for SCADA.                        proven system and all the support
                                         * *
* necessary for great success.
* 161120TH STREET
* SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA 9s814 *
                                                             * (916) 44s-8842
* TELEX 820906 *
                                                                                                                 <s  e  &.

                                       .'       q
     , T, *                                                        -
                                                                                                                                                                  '***M QWQ WH AttS PRESSURE POINT                         time new data are avalleb)c. PPA ANALyEISI.                                     automatically learns from these data                                  i what current normal operation looks                                 ' 4^      dh.
Pressoit Point Analysis (PPA) is a             like, it then assumes a leak occurred a                                     d qh, procedure in which a series of pressure        few measurements ago and performs a                                                         h readin$s taken at a point on a pipeline        series of statistical tests to prove or                                                   'Y
   ;                                      are analyzed for evidence of a leak,           disprove that assumption, if the Raw data from presNrc instruments are         analysis indicates a leak may have                                          w tg;g procened to extrac, actual trends from normal fluctuatiora. The result is then occurred, tests are made to see if the leak like event has resulted from known
                                                                                                                                                                       +"y*  ,
analyttd u:ing a heakthrough                  or usual events. If no such events are                                                '
stati',tical procedure patented by EFA,        known to PPA, the probability a leak                                               ' ' 't Inc prA computes the probability that          has occurred is reported to the operator the seties of readings indicate there is a     as a percentage.                                                                     A leak in the pipeline.
Since there is no way to predict what                                                        ~
size leak you will need to detect, all HOWporS PPA FIND LEAKS?                      PPA point analyzers contain five filters which are each optimized for a                                                                 .
                                          - Po nt analysis technology is a method         different size leak. Acting together, rooted in statistic + It is based on the     they form a 'nct" which catches leaks of                                       '
4tg realitation that the statistical properties  all sizes within the system's capability, Normal events that "look like" leaks, of a acties of pressure or velocity                                                                                           % M;    79 measuttments taken on a pipeline are         such as opening a valve, can bc                                              .
different before and after a leak occurs,    suppressed automatically or manually                                                        >
through the filters.
When fluid escapes from a pipeline there is a decrease in density at the leak           ,                 ,                 ,                   ,
as it develops. This causes a change in                     co- ' -  " " "
local Plessure which in turn causes                       '
g~
fluid above and below the leak to              - - . . ,                                                     .         ,
i3:,
migrett into this region of decreased                       . -                        L*,'f",,t"**'                                 ,
densitp The proct..s tsy which the fluid        _
y(,,Qg4  g..      -
                                                                                                                                     =,'r                .
moven eres.tes a wave of low pressure                  .
                                                                                                                '.y       .               a.....
7 (an expansion wave) that travels up and      t                  9M., (,          .
down the pipeline at nearly the speed of     l-e.-. :.(' _;h.
sf4) .
sound in fluid. The front of this wave                                   - ( ' *d!* j g,, , , ., .
is the t'irst evidence of a leak but it is        s                       -
                                                                                                                                                                 ;.n               J, very difficult to reliably detect. It is the behavior of the pressure behind this
                                                                                                                              ' w'.pg.2g/pq f
                                                                                                                                                 .,.,,, ,y;.
waveftont, or the changes in velocity                                                          .*      r-
* associated with it, that PPA analyzes.                         .-===-a=
                                                                      ,          ,            "i         g ,,        ;                 i               '                                                Each prA point analyer continually                               ====-a===~a accumotstes measurements, discarding the olyst and adding the newest each
                                                                                                                                                                                    =        )
l
_ _ _ _ - _ - - . - _ _ -                          _ _ ~                             t i                      V

l PPA PERFORMS An extensive testing program involving on.line pe,rsormance of a variety of                                     NATURAL G A5 PIPELINE pipelines carrying fluids ranging from                                         LENGTil: 26 MILES natural gas, to NGLs, to fuel oils has                                    DIAMETER: 201NCIIES been conducted. Many transient simulations have also been used to investigate perforniance under unusual          LEAK                      FLOW PIPELINE DETECTION or otherwise difficult to create                     SIZE                 RATE PRESSURE                               TIME conditions. Performance has been                       (IN.)              (SCFil)            (PS10)                   (MIN.)
                                                                                                                             ~ ~ .....
consistently beyond expectations.                 .--                     --.-               ..... ..
I'      75,000                 660                    3 HOW LONG DOES PP A TAKE TO                                   1/3'         75,000                ss0                     s FIND .LE AKS7 1/4"        75,000                680                    IS PPA is fast. How fast depends on the speed of sound in the fluid, the rate at whleh new data are available, the size of the leak, and the particular pipeline        PPA USERS and control system configu7ation.
PPA currently operates in the field in Large leaks are detected in seconds,              many configurations and on various Small leaks generally take a few seconds          fluids. PPA users at the end of 1988 to a few minutes. The following tables             include:
show some examples from actual field operation. All of the test 7csults were            ' Chevron Pipe Line Company cbtained with existing process control instruments:
* San Diego Gas & Electric Company
                       - RESIDUAL FUEL OIL PIPELINE
* Shell Western E & P (not yet in LENGTII: 3.3 MILES                               service)
DIAMETER: 10 INCi!ES VOLUME: 69,000 0ALLONS .
* Union Pacitic Pipe Line Company PIPELINE LEAK DETECTION VOLUME LOST
* Unic.n pacific Resources PRESSURE RATE           TIME      ODETECTION (PSIG)      (GPM) (SEC)             (GAL)
* Pacifle Gas & Electric Company
                       .      . ..                . - . _ -                    (Gas System Design Department) 82.6         4.0     7.0            o.s 2s3.0         7.6    16.0            2.0
* Pacific Gas & Electric Company
                  '10.7        11.6    11.o            3.1.                     (Pittsburg Power Plant) 20.2        40.4    16.0           10.8 4.06        7.7    36.0            4.6              ~* El Paso Natural Gas

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   .   .. ''      b*.1 - ED FARMER & ASSOCI ATES, INC.
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                              ...-.._...._.._.._..;                                              L;;-.;;_;;. ;; ;;- ;;- ;;--.:;
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                               'jl0.",.M l nu ru                   i l*==                    j            j       ==re g
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                                                                     -l;                        j
                                                                                                           =>  h s     L".
                                                                                                                          "                i
                               . .S.OU.T.H B.
                                   -              ....A_Y
                                                       .    .F1E.L.D. . WR.I.N_G . .            g T       [._ _] "M              l
_I SAN DIEGO CAS AND ELECTRIC CO-l
: EJfe !
NATIONAL CITY TO SOUTH BAY                                               L.. NATIONAL CTY
                                                                                                      ..._.._.._...._.._......a LEAK DETEC110N SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW DISPLAYJ,                                                                       THE PPA PACK AGE Five types of displays are available to                                          PPA is a simple yet high performance the operator by a keystroke at any time,                                         system designed to meet industry's needs Alarm and warning signals operate at                                              in leak detection, all displays in both audible and silent mode.                                                                             Each system is delivered completely integrated on state of the art equipment -
PPA MASTER DISPLAY                                                      and ready for installation directly into instrument loops or interfacing to a SCADA systep1. EFA, Inc. supplies complete start up as well as operator training
                                          . r.
                                            - .:".l==..
                 -          =         -        . 2"'i." *t"%               r!.                    PPA can be packaged synergistically with other EFA,Inc. leak detection
:      =              3=;;;;; ;                         g ll ;
products including Over/Short Account.
                   !      lM::        ::1llll : : : :           :
                   !      .M          TjE "; 'i i i 'i 'i                  &                       ing, Mass Balance with Line Pack j       E            !!E j i j j j j                     E                      Correction, and our Transient Model.
                          -,...,i PPA is a new solution to an old leak
                 " * " - " -           -                                                           detection problem. Call or write Ed Farmer and Associates, Inc. for more detailed information about your PPA solution.      ,
l.
l
* 1611 s0 Tit STREET ' SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA 95814 '
                                                                    * (916) 44s-8842
* TELEX 820906
* L     . -     .
5 s.
4 Proceedings of the 1989 AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE PIPELINE CONFERENCE Loews Anatole Hotel, Dallas, Texas A new approach to pipe line leak detection Edward J. Farmer, P.E., Ed Fanner &
Associates, Inc.
kpg l
l l
l i[R Q ConradHng Engineers & ScienMete6 ED 1611-20th STREAT SACRAMENTO, CAIJFORNLA 96814
,                                                             916/443-8842 l
l l

w pg .                    .h t'N P I ' 4t E P O ft T +W = **r + <**                                                                              "
a]s
       .a 4
h A new approach to pipe line leak cletection Edward J. Farmer, P.E., Ed Farmer & high, 3,000 to 4,500 ft/sec for most below the leak into the region of low Asmciates, Inc.                                petroleum liquids and perha;is one tenth pressure at the leak.
that amount for rnost gaxs, evider,ce of                              This flow deprives the regions imme-PRfASURf. POINT analysis (PPA) is a the event is available in a few seconds to dintely adjacent to the leak of mass which method for detecting leaks on gas, liquid a few minutes his wave propagation in turn causes a decrease in density and and some tephase Dow pipe lines that time determines the minimum time in therefore pressure. There is now a dif.
relies on analyzing data taken, in the which a leak or any other event can be ference in pressure between these regions simplest implementation, at a single detected.                                                                     adjacent to the leak and thow inanedi-measurement point. Additionat points                                                                               ately upstream and downstream of them.
improve performance but are not essen.
Loss   of  mass.When                the     event    is a   leak     his, similarly, causes Dow to occur tial to the technique, l'PA was developed there is an irumediate loss in mass at its toward the leak. The effect of this chain location. This causes a local decrease in of events is that a pressure trough travels to provide leak detection on a sour gas pipe line with many unusutl hydraulic density and consequently a decrease in up and down the pipe line avray from t!.c problems. In 1988, PPA detected leaks Pressure. Since the Duid in the pipe line leak. This wave of low pressure i, called of as little as Vs -in. diameter on that line, cannot change velocity instantly, there is an " expansion wave" and travels at the a difference in pressure between Guid at speed of sound in the fluid as restrained Metisodology. PPA is based on a great the location of the leak and that in the by the pipe. It contains the first evidence fluid on either side of it. His difference of a leak and, in fact, leak detection deal of research in the behavior of the energy and momentum balance on a in pressure causes flow from above and systems have been based (with mixed pipe line (as represented by pressure and velocity measurements) before and after MWM          a leak occurs.                                        eso        !..           .           .    ..I..           .                    I.      .             .    .!
Laakcoeurs                                                        .
When state of the art signal pmeess-                   -
r             '** * *"*d ing techniques are applied to these data,                 -
one finds a tremendous amount of infor-                   - ,                        .
                                                                                                                                                %,m, %
mation in them. Before exploring the                  230 --
* tsawrate . ses opm
                                                                                  ,. .                                                          Flomate = 11.d87 bph y *j,         g application of PPA's methodology to leak                                                 .
detection it is useful to consider brie 0y what happens on a pipe line when a leak
                                                                          -- 3h.y
                                                                           -         QC       .,
y I.l           .                          7,,,,,
j
 ,              occurs,                                               tw             .* .. ; . . A.y.*..'{
                                                                                                               .- ,           . ..                     -        .+ ..         .. .
When a pipe line is at steady state its                       ',     *          **
esd ,*
velocity, pressure and density profiles are time invarient. In between devices that
{;      -
o . g."\ en.                .
l               can add or extract energy (such as pumps            l* ~ '
                                                                                                            '''."k.''.#'*'              ''
or compressors) these profiles are aho             /~                                              ..    ';'M'.N.*f l * :                        *
                                                                           ~                                         ' '                                                           :
l,              continuous. When steady state is dis-                                                                         l.h*:.lgf       4*.*     /
                                                                                                                         ' ' (' ,.W. ". lg a '" ;**
turbed by an event, a transition toward                                                                .    .
4 7 *?)1 l*.' '. ''' ' ' !, * :
a new steady stre begins. This transition
* becomes complete some time later when
                                                                                                                                                          . r.* ** .rc * *
* l-              the fluid has changed its velocity and
                                                                                                                                            . ,s, g. *.j@l f''.[gtp'g,'' .J.
l               pressure such that mass, energy and                   *
                                                                                                                                                         . ..;          . ./T.4 momentum are conserved.
                                                                                                                                                     ' ' ' ', V,%?.'.5. 8 T If an event occurs at some point along                  _                __,,        ,,_g ,
* f' " '. :
a line, the first evidence of it will amve                                                                                                                         i at the ends (or any other monitored                    ,    _, ,
i                               i                              i locanon) in an amount of time deter.                               ,        ,                ,
sob mined by the distance from the event to                           o              92 tio            200                              400 Raings at 6 sec pommsng the monitored point and the speed of sound in the fluid as constrained by the pipe. Since the speed of sound is fairly        Fig.1 -Pressure data scattorplot.
Reprinted from Pipe Line industry *. June 1989                                                   copy 69m ' 1989 by Gulf Pubirshing Co. All rights reserved

g.9-_g 3
4 1k.                                                                                                                                                                                     '
                                                                                                                                                 ~ fluid) for an amount of time will produce L
   ! c 14. '                                                                              -                                            i           a corresponding cienge in velocity of the
  +Y-               _-
i
_ i.,.....,,....... ...,..................i                                  .............../
eso                                                                                                                        mass in the line. The time tequired for this change to bemme complete is typi.
                              ~:                                       ,                                                               :
cally several minutes to tens of minutes.-
1:
Avelds apeolel instrumentation. In eso        .j... .        e * -        .. - . .-                       *. ...
                                                                                                        }
:                              :           order to avoid the special instrumenta-
                              - -                                      :                                .                              :           tion and noiseirelated reliability prob.
                              -                                        :                                :                              :            lems associated with attempting to detect sto   _q,.......
                                                                    .i....                        . ...:. ... . .
                                                                                                                              ....i                 the expansion wavefror* PPA looks at the behavior of the pre           4 or velocity
                              - -                                                                                                                   of the fluid in the line a.         rnonitored
                  '{_         - ;                                      .                                .
point as it transitions from one steady too        . ........ , , .
                                                                           .              ..      ..1         ...        ... . ..
state to another.
Actually, steady state is a more restric.
                              ~ '!                                     :                                ,
tive term then necessary~in describing -
                              -~:
:                                  :                                                               ,           this situation. PPA's analytical procedure no    -.,....... . .......<... . ........                                       .. ... . .. .                               does not require transitions between sta-ble steady states-it adapts to-current
                              - _;                                                                      .                               .           operation of the pipe line. A more accu-
                                                                                                        .                                           rate way of stating the initial and final 160       l..........-.             . . ..                  . .... . ...... ... ..                          .
                                                                                                                                        .           conditions would be at steady state or in
:                                                               I           smooth transition.
                              - ,                                                                                                       -                  PPA detects leaks byi
                                                                                                                                                                                                    +
130       /...                   . . . ..                   . ... .. ..; .               .         .     ..
* Extracting signals representative of e                                ,no n enge at e e.c pn i.usng E                           ,an              current. operation and the most recent -
trends from data taken'at a point along the line Pig. 2--Pm % and sampie trend afwr anenng                                                                                                  a Determining if the behavior of these .
two signals contains evidence of a leak
* Determining if evidence of a leak o4 - .!                     4                       '!                                        ?                 ?-             from Step 2 is the result of events of the
                                .~"                                                                                                                  line known to PPA to pmduce leak.like signatures
:/ \
s
                                                                                                                                           -             .
* Reporting the results of this proce-c.s -:                                     .         - ;/. I y               >
                                                                                                                                                   - dure to the operator.                          L
                                                                          . l; t
r                                                       /          j                                                    -
Fig.1 is a scatterplot of data taken at
                                                                                                                                                   . a point appmximately 90 mi from a leak i            -g J_                                                                      t
                                                                                                                                           ~
on a large pipe line, %is plot shows the
                                                                        /               y                                               s-os e                     <       4 fc                                -
time (corrected from wave propagation
                                                                     /                                                                               time) at _which the leak occurred and the
:t i                       \                                                         time at which PPA detected it. Note that 1                                                       it would be very difficult to infer any
                                                                  /                                                                        .
o.t      c                     . .      . .i .'         . .          d                       .                   :. -         event had occurred at the time of detec-
                                                                /
                                                               /-                               )\
                                                                                                                                            -     -. tion even if the data were closely exama ined by a highly trained observer.
                                                           /
Fig. 2 shows the trends in the data as
                                                                                                  \s                                        -
                                                      /                                                                                            _ extracted by PPA's signal processing sys-
                        -' ~;    .
i                         T                   1                  i
                                                                                                                                  ' T-tem. The smoother of the two lines
                              -7                  -4                         -1                    e                5                   8             indicates PPA's assessment of normal Piweg                                                              - operation. By overlaying the two figures, one can see how PPA tracks normal
              - Fig.h data cN                                                                                                                         operation changes. The rougher line is' E                       _
_ - PPA's assessment of the current trend in
!'            ' success) on detecting the front of this- do _this can be determined from the- the data. When these curves diverge in wave. '                                                                principle of impulse-and momentum characteristic ways, as they do in Fig. 2, Some time after an event occurs, the which basically says that the application                                                     there is evidence a leak could have oc-pipe line will complete its transition to a of a force (e.g., a change in pressure                                                    curred.
: new steady state. The time required to acting on the cross sectional area of the                                                            When there is evidence of a leak, PPA i-

                                                                                                                                                                                                     ]
    %     4. p :
C- . d. , . 1( compares cert:in tntistical parameters of _ _ _ , , _ , , , _ , _ , , , _ , _ , _ , _ , , _ , _%,,                                                  ,,_,,_,,_
the set of data used to derme current                                                                       unsr                                    reeero.,
operation with the same parameters of                                                                                                                                           'l tog the set of data used to define the current trend. Fig. 3 illustrates the differences                                     attraer           1                  0             ouipui t*=
[
j i
L
                  - between data sets mllected before and                                                              L881:             com g.                                                    I !
after a leak. %e solid line is a frequency                                                                                                *7,,g**,'***'
                                                                                                                 - com t y                 g
                   ? diagram of readings taken before a leak,                                         South any whue the dashed line is the correspond.                                                                                     g coraroi nem g ,,,,, j         -
ing diagram after the leak occurs. Some                                      ~ ~ ~ " " - " - " - " ~ ~ ~ ~ ~            9                             i
                  - of the diflerences are irnmediately obvi-ous, Others require some levelof analysis                             gg                           e
                                                                                                                                                                    ,Sgem              .
                    .to discern. When tins analysis is donc,                                voo. geno or equai.-
tuope                                              ,,,,,,,,,,,_,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,_,,_
PPA determines the probability it has found a leak. PPA also checks to deter-               p-                                              '
p j uan.m [._                      . _{ uoa,* l                           cay
                   . mine if this could be the result of known                                                                                          ,                    p,,,,,,,
events in progress. If the probable leak -                                            nS232 e                                  Rs e32 m             vansmmer '
cannot be explained in that way, PPA                                                                    l                     RS45 **
RS*6 "'"            '
soum say                                                                                  Ne w cny reports the data to the operator.                                                                      l" Another way oflooking at this process is shown in Fig. 4. While this discussion P*.,
                                                                                 ""***'             McM'                                                     Mod
* vA
                      'is In terms of pressure, a similar behavior                 see oey                                                                                    Narm/
can be seen if one monitors velocity.                   sc,. ..n mn.,      g,                                                    . %
7             corWect                  4 6
                    ~ Instead.                                                                                                                                           "M **"*
South Bay F,eid Wiring Leak ooourence.When a leak occurs,                    .....                   .          .
I
: the first evidence of it travels fmm the                                                                                                           sy,,m i.,,
location of the leak to the point of mea-                                                                                                      e coneos mom
                     ' surement.- %e first evidence a leak has                                                                                      Nmoral CWy             enmaD occurred is usually a pressure trough                                                                                  --              "*"*            " * " - " " '
after which the pressure (or velocity) signature displays one of three character-     f%. 5--San Dogo Gas and Elecric's Natonal Oty to South Bay leak detecten system.
istics.
                              . Pattern I leaks are characterized by essentially complete pressure recovery, line breaks in which the line unpacks, devices necessary to interface t 4'~                                                                                                                                     isting SCADA system or directly to field
                         -Only very small leaks, usually on gas ~ nese are extremely simpic to detect.
pipe lines, exhibit this pattern. They are           PPA looks for a pattern that could instruments. PPA indudes full user sup-indicate a leak has occurred by compar. port capabuity induding a comprehen.
                       ' fais Wit to detect since evidence                                                                              sive fill in the blanks configuration edi-
                   , nists only tor a few minutes,                         ing its short term signal with its current tor that allows a user to be completely Pattern 2 leaks are the most common - operation signal. leaks of different sizes small leaks. In this situation, pressure produce perturbations in patterns that a IIsupporting. Fig, 5 shows a PP trcovers to some new steady state value        make them difficult to imd if only one , system configured to connect directly to that reflects the change in the hydraulic - estimate of the current trend is used, instmments.
losses on the line as a result of having to - Consequently, PPA incorporates five sta-.                          With PPA the user does not have to become' an _ expert on leak detection, supply fluid to the leak. These leaks are       tistical   filters, each    of which     makes          its
                         - easy to detect because even when the             own assessment of the current trend instrumentation, measurement, signal difference between the initial nnd fmal according to easily modifiable user .cri.                                  processing, computer interfacing or any of the associated licids. All components t                            pressure is small it persists for many teria.
minutes.                                            .Since PPA's method of analysis is connect together or plug together in Pattern 3 is common to large holes or       dosely tied to the physics of the events                               aimple, obvious ways and in accord with detailed drawings provided with l'_
that inescapably accompany leaks, it is each unit. Set-up is casily accompli hed
                                                                            ' mance capable       of very high levels of perfor. by means of a fill-in the blanks edito Detecting V4 to Vs4in. holes is l                      :,
commonplace in many applications,                                      that requires only simple, easily u cood information. Making adjustments f ankoccurs                  --
Since the leak detection process occu s to optimize PPA for a particular pipeli a            rapidly, detection times are quite short-vawe trbes ,\                          generally a few seconds to a few minutes. is simply done by changing in easily understood ways.
                                                              %Q''
1-e measurement -                                                                                         A PPA installation typically takes less he PPA package. PPA is an inte-                              than a day. A complete training program me grated product that indudes the com- takes no mon than a day and                                                 a typic
                              . Fig. 4--ProbetAe leak location.
puter, the software, and all peripheral only a few hours.
hhnted in Umted States
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