Regulatory Guide 4.8

Environmental Technical Specifications for Nuclear Power Plants

ML003739900
Person / Time
Issue date:	12/31/1975
From:	Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research
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RG-4.8
Download: ML003739900 (22)

U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION December 197b REGULATORY GUIDE

OFFICE OF STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT

Vkký111 ,

REGULATORY

ENVI RONMI

TECHNICAL SPECA

vJt USNRC REGULATORY GUIDES Commemits shouid be sent to the Secrotary of teo Cemmiessen. US NW~e4, Regulatory Guides are issued to describe and make available to the public RSguletony Commission. Washington. DC m , Atteurt,.R DoIetet emi methods acceptable to the NRC stall of implementing specific parts of the Sote Sectior Commissions regulations. to delneate techniques used by the staff ft olu The guides e isued in the following ton broad division.

sting specific problems or postulated accidents. or to provide guidance to appli cerant Regulatory Guides are not substitutell for ogulirtion .and coplltis*ce I Power Reclons . Products T

with them is not required Methods and solutions ditferent from those set out in 2 N.,.eih and oot Reictors 7 Trenaparlstion the gouides willbes acceptable if they provide a besis for the findings r*quisite to 3 Fls end MatlrialsFacilities . Occupational .altth the Kssuance or contifnuancel at permit or hlcens by the Comrmnsslion 4 EF5V

Invil dl Sitle al~Iend I. AntIOtrst Review Comtmnents and siuggestin* for Improvlnitnts in tihese guides ore encouraged 6 Materals end Plant Protection to Colwelll

t all times and guides will be revised as appropriate. to accommodate com vents al, tc aielec: new rinformntiniI amo"periec However comments on Copes of published guides may be oblisainte by written fequest milrucam-g the thIs guide. i received within about two months alter its issuance will be per divisionse desired to the U'S lAluc*er Reigulatory Co;ietseairon, Washsligetsiel.*.ýC

"ticulrly ofu in evaluating the need tor an early revision use. 3005. Attention Director, Offlice of Staendiards Devellopmrt

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page INTRODUCTION ............. ...... . .... . ... . ..... . 4.8-4 STANDARD FORMAT AND PRINCIPAL CONTENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS .............................................. 4.8.5

1 DEFINITIONS ................. .... .......................... ..... 48-5

2 LIMITING CONDITIONS FOR OPERATION ......... ........................ .. 4.8-5

2.1 Thermal ................. ...................................... 4.8-5

2.2 Hydraulic ..... ........................... ........... ....... 4.8-6

2.3 Chemical ................... .................................... 4.8-6

2.4 Radioactive Effluents ................. ............................... 4.8.7

3 ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE ........... .......................... .. 4.8-7

3.1 Nonradiological Surveillance ............ ............................. .. 4.8-7

3.2 Radiological Environmental Monitoring .......... ........................ .. 4.8-8

4 SPECIAL SURVEILLANCE AND STUDY ACTIVITIES .......... ................... 4.8-9

5 ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS ............... .......................... 4.8-9

5.1 Responsibility ............. ....................... . ............ 4.8-9

5.2 Organization....................................... 4.8-9

5.3 Review and Audit................. ........ ...................... .. 4.8-9

5.4 Action to be Taken if a Limiting Condition for Operation is Exceeded .... ............ .4.8-10

5.5 Procedures ................. ................................... 4.8.10

5.6 Plant Reporting Requirements ................ . .... .................. .. 4.8-10

5.7 Records Retention .......... ...................................... 4.8-12

5.8 Special Requirements ................. ............................... 4.8-12 IMPLEMENTATION ...................... .............................. 4.8-12 TABLE I Environmental Radiological Monitoring Program Summary ..... ............ 4.8-13 TABLE 2 Operational Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program ... ........... .. 4.8-14 TABLE 3 Detection Capabilities for Environmental Sample Analysis ... ............ .4.8-19 EXAMPLE I EXAMPLE OF A LIMITING CONDITION FOR OPERATION ..... ........... 4.8-20

EXAMPLE 2 EXAMPLE OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM ELEMENT , 4.8-21 APPENDIX I ACCEPTABLE WORDING FOR SECTION 3.2, "RADIOLOGICAL

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING," TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ...... .4.8-22

4.8-3

INTRODUCTION

Section 50.50, "Issuance of Licenses and Con environrirntal monitoring programs will be published as struction Permits," of 10 CFR Part 50, 'Lice;isii-g of an adceni':*.m i.- this rmulatory guide.

Production and Utilization Facilities," provide6 that Sijce the purpfun of thlis guide is to supply applicants each operating license for a nuclear power plant issued with infortr.;ttin ort acceptable methods of complying by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission will contain such with tle Commission's regulations, conformance with cr-ditions and limitations as the Commission 'deerrig ',:this 'guidet is not required. However, the format and appropriate and necessary. Certain conditions and limita content provided is acceptable to the staff. While tions corresponding to key parameters of the NEPA environmental technical specifications in a different environmental review are incorporated into facility format will be accepted by the staff for review, die operating licenses as environmental technical specifica review time for such specifications may be longer. The tions. The applicant for an operating license proposes information in this guide is intended to aid applicants in environmental technical specifications for its; plant; these - prepering environmental technical specifications that are are reviewed by the NRC staff, modified as necessary, consitent with NRC regulations.

and included as Appendix B of the operating license.*.

This regulatory guide provides guidance to applicants on Environmental Technical Specifications. should the preparation of proposed environmental technical include specifications and includes a standard format and an 1. Definition of key terms used in the specifications identification of their principal content. Two examples that are not defined in applicable regulations or guides of environmental technical specifications, one for a or are not generally accepted terminology..

limiting condition for operation and one for an environ 2. Specification of (a) limiting conditions for opera mental surveillance program, are provided for illustrative tior which, if not exceeded, should result in an purposes only and are not intended for use as model acceptable environmental impact and (b) monitoring technical specifications. requirements associated with limiting conditions for operation. .

3. Specification On May 5, 1975, the Nudear Regulatory Commission of the enviromental surveillance published Appendix I, "Numerical Guides For Design program necessary to asses the impact of plant Objectives And Limiting Conditions For Operation To operations '.6n the environment. The program should Meet The Criterion 'As Low As Practicable' For Radio include submision of reports to the NRC:

active Material In Light-Water-Cooled Nuclear Power a. ona routinebasis, and Reactor Effluents," to 10 CFR Part 50 in the Federal b. when an observable effect on certain environ Regier (40 FR 19439) as an effective rule. The numer mental parameters exceeds a specific level.

ical guides of Appendix I are a quantitative expression of 4. Specification of special surveillance and study.

the meaning of the requirement that radioactive material activities.

in effluents released to unrestricted areas from light 5. Specification of administrative controls which water-cooled nuclear power reactors be kept as low as relate to organization and management, piocedur's, practicable. These numerical guides provide operating review and auit, and records and reports which are flexibility necessary to ensure a dependables0oUrce of necessary to ensure the protection of the environment.

power and to ensure a positive system of control by In the unlikely event that a conflict should ariae limiting conditions for operation to reduce the release.

between the requirements of the technical specifications of radioactive material should the rates of release ac of Appendix A of the operating lonse and thaoe of tually experienced substantially exceed design objectives. Appendix B, Appendix A requirements have precedence When the Commission published Appendix I, the over those in Appendix B. To avoid such an occurrence NRC staff began developing models and calculational to the extent practicable, every effort should be made to procedures for estimating exposures to individuals that (1) ensure the .compatibility.of Appendix A and Appen will provide a basis for demonstrating compliance with dix fl technical specifications and (2) coordinate changes design objectives. When this work is completed, model in either appendix to avoid conflicts and maintain technical specifications for radioactive effluents from conustency, as discussed in Section 5, "Administrative light-water-cooled nuclear reactors and for radiological, .Controls."

• Technical Specifications imposed on plant operation in the interest of the health and safety of the public are included as Appendix A of the operatingficense'

4.8-4

TECHNICAL

STANDARD FORMAT AND PRINCIPAL CONTENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL

SPECIFICATIONS

accuracy and sensitivity of measurement, the record

1 DEFINITIONS keeping procedure, and provisions for monitoring critical Those terms in the environmental technical specifica parameters in the event the primary monitoring method tibns which have a unique definition and those terms becomes inoperative.

be which have specific application to the site or plant to Bases Examples of terms licensed shouli be precisely defined. The technical, environmental, and operational which fall within these categories include total residual considerations in developing the specification and the chlorine, blowdown, deicing, drawdown, intake tempera monitoring requirement should be presented.

in ture, discharge temperature, ambient temperature, An example of a limiting condition for operation is take velocity, discharge structure, and condenser water appended as Example 1.

box.

2.1 Thermal

2 LIMITING CONDITIONS FOR OPERATION

be Limiting conditions for operation should be placed This section specifies the limiting conditions to on power plant heat dissipation systems to ensure that imposed on plant effluents and operating practices impacts on aquatic ecosystems from thermal stress ate which may have an adverse impact upon the environ controlled within acceptable environmental limits.

inent. Plant discharges and operations which may require Thermal stress is controlled by limiting plant operation a limiting condition for operation should be discussed. so that the thermal tolerances of important species are The listing of plant discharges and operations in this not exceeded with respect to both extreme temperatures section is illustrative and not all-inclusive. Peculiarities of and rates of temperature change that preclude physliolo.

the site or the station may require additional limiting gical acclimation. Temperature tolerances are dependent conditions for operation (e.g., a limiting condition on on ambient temperature and seasonal physiological noise). In .some instances (e.g., reservoir drawdown). requirements of species; thus limiting conditions for items might be inapplicable. The basic objective is to operation may vary with season. The need for limiting establish a !'r7-iting condition for operation for each conditions should be considered for all modes of plant plant parameter, operation, and discharge that has a operation, including startup, shutdown, and others.

potential for adverse environmental impact if not con The bases for establishing limiting conditions for trolled. Where water pollution requirements are specified operation on thermal discharges should include infonma in NPDES permits or State water quality certifications tion on the species to be protected, the criteria for

.jndee section 401 of the Federal Water Pollution protection from thermal stress, and the water quality

ýo*ontrol Act, as amended, limiting conditions for opera parameters to be controlled.

t.ov would be consistent with those specifications.

However, the bases proýrided for such limiting conditions for operation should be sufficient to demonstrate that 2.1.1 Maximum AT Aacos the Condenser no unacceptable environmental impact will occur with Limits on condenser AT should be provided when the operation at these limits. temperature rise across the condenser can result in Eich iirdting condition for operation should be unacceptable environmental impact on entrained prepared in the following format: organisms. Maximum AT limits should include pro tection against unacceptable plankton and larval fish Objective mortalities and gas bubble disease in fish.

The purposes of ihe limiting condition and the specific conditions it is intended to prevent or protect 2.1.2' Maximum Discharge Temperature should be indicated. Systems or parts of the facility or The most effective method for controlling thermal locaton to which the jimit applies should be clearly defined.

stress to the aquatic environment is by controlling the maximum temperature of the plant effluent at the point Specification of discharge to the receiving water. Limits on maximum The limiting condition for operation imposed and the temperature of the plant effluent at the point of proposed corrective actions to be taken when this limit discharge should be proviiled.

is exceeded should be specified.

Monitoring Requirement 2.1.3 Maximum Btu/hr The monitoring program should be clearly defined. A If applicable, or to comply with other regulatory concise description of the monitoring program should restrictions, the thermal discharge may be limited to an include information on the measurement and sampling allowable Btu/hr.

methods. location of measurement, sampling frequency,

4.8-5

2.1.4 Rate of Change of Discharge Temperature

.2.3 Chemical For sites where thermal shock may result in un acceptable environmental impact, limits should be Limiting conditions for operation should be estab giFovided to control the rate of temperatire change (i.e., lished for .chemical releases (including biocides)

F/hr) of condenser and service water discharges and associated with all plant discharge water systems, for blowdown from closed cycle systems duiing normal other plant-related chemical usages such as equipment K

operation. Limits should be provided for both power cleaning and maintenance, and for the use of herbicides iuxcrease and power decrease. Generally, the limits should in maintenance of transmission line rights of way and be defined as a function of.ambient receiving water access roads.

temperature or seasonal temperature requirements of the The purpose of limits on chemical releases is (1) to species to be protected. protect the local biota from lethal and sublethalseffects of exposure to discharged chemicals, (2) to ensure that

2.1.5 Heat Treatment of Circulating Water System continued multiple use of the receiving waters by human population is protected, and (3) to control degradation Limits should be provided for the magnitude and of the quality of the receiving waters.

duration of temperature increase (AT) in intake and The bases should include a summary statement of the receiving waters above normal operating levels which considerations and justifications used in establishingihe result from special uses of heated water, such as heat limits. 'The proposed maximum concentrations of treatment of the condenser and deicing of water intake chemicals at identified points of release should be structures. Limits may be required to maintain discharge compared with the concentrations already existing in the water temperature increases to acceptable levels above receiving waters. The organisms to be protected and the ambient or to' control fish attraction to the warmed water quality parameters to be monitored should be intake structure. identified.

2.3.1 Biocides

2.2 Hydraulic Limits should be established for all biocide usage

2.2'1 Intake Velocity which results in an offsite exposure of biota (including Maximum limits on intake approach and screen face the hunian population). Effluent concentration limits, velocities should be .specified where a potential exists for expected frequency and duration of use, and estimated impingement on intake screens of numbers of individuals total annual usage should be identified. Limits for of important species that may result in an unacceptable herbicide usage for maintenance of transmission line impact on the species population or the ecological rights of way 'should be established.

system. Intake water velocities should be based on swimming speeds and behavioral patterns which in 2.3.2 Corrosion Inhibitors fluence impingement susceptibility. Limits similar to those presented in Section 2.3.1 should also be provided for the use of corrosion

22.2 Discharge Velocity inhibitors.

Limits on discharge velocity should be established When heavy metals are used or their concentrations in where bottom scouring is a potential problem, where station effluents are increased above ambient sfcific discharge velocities are necessary for optimum limits should be provided. These limits might belevels, con.

mixing conditions, or where circulation in the receiving ditioned according to frequency of use, duration water is affected by the discharge velocity. and total annual usage. of use,

2.2.3 Withdrawal and Drawdown Restrictions 2.3.3 Suspendedannd Total Dissolved Solids Limits on total withdrawal from the water supply Limits should be provided for the dissolved and should be established where water level or discharge is suspended solids in the plant effluents. Limits should important for protection of organisms in the station be stated for either the specific chemicals 'or for tile vicinity and in upstream and downstream waters and to suspended and total dissolved solids discharged. Limits prevent undesirable alteration of the circulation of the supply water body. Limits on water drawdown may be should be expressed as maximum effluent concentra needed for lakes and reservoirs that undergo large tions and estimates of total annual release. Units should fluctuations in water level due to hydroelectric or flood provide protection against accelerated eutrophication,.

control operations or other causes. increased water turbidity, and other reduction in water quality.

4.8-6

2.3.4 pH. A narrative summary should be provided at the beginning of Oils section. The summary should describe Limits should be provided to maintain effluent pH the overall environmental surveillance program and within a range compatible with indigenous aquatic life. demonstrate how the program will meet the stated objective.

• 2.3.5 Other Chemicals that Affect Water Quality Each surveillance program element should be pre sented in a concise narrative manner using the following Limits should be provi4dd for all other chemical format:

releases that have potential for reducing receiving water quality and causing adverse environmental impact. For Objective example, lower limits on dissolved oxygen and upper Describe the environmental parameters to be investi limits on oxygen demand in the plant effluent may be gated and the information the surveillance program will appropriate. supply.

2.4 Radioactive Effluents Specification Describe what is to be done. Include essential features Limiting conditions for operation should be estab such as sampling and measurement techniques; locations, lished for all plant radioactive discharges to keep levels numbers, and frequency of samples and measurements;

of radioactive material in effluents to unrestricted areas and methods of data evaluation.

as low as is reasonably achievable. These limiting conditions for operation should be applied to radioactive liquid and gaseous discharges to be within the limits of Reporting Requirements

10 CFR Part 20 and to comply with the provisions of 10 A report level should be established for each CFR Part 50. measured environmental parameter. If a report level for Surveillance and monitoring programs should be a parameter cannot be established, justification should established to provide data on quantities of radioactive be provided.

material released in liquid and gaseous effluents to Report levels are warning notices of impending ensure that radioactive releases are maintained within unacceptable environmental stress. They should be the regulatory provisions cited above. These programs established at a level above the normal fluctuations of a should be applied to radioactive liquid and gaseous given parameter, but low enough to permit remedial materials released from the plant to meet action to be taken before significant or irreversible General Design Criteria 60 and 64 of Appendix A to 10 damage has occurred.

CFR Part 50 and, if applicable, the guidelines of Regulatory Guide 1.21, "Measuring, Evaluating, and Bases Reporting Radioactivity in Solid Wastes and Releases of Present the basis for the program element objective Radioactive Materials in Liquid and Gaseous Effluents and show its relationship to the overall environmental from Light-Water-Cooled Nuclear Power Plants." surveillance program.

Discuss the rationale for selecting sampling locations, sampling frequency, and data evaluation methods, and

3 ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE show how the program element will fulfill the objective.

An example of an environmental surveillance program The objective of the environmental surveillance pro element is appended as Example 2.

gram is to determine the nature and extent of changes in the ecosystem that may result from plant operation. The

3.1 Nonradiological Surveillance program should cover elements of the ecosystem for which a causal relationship between plant operation and These program elements should be designed to detect adverse change is established or strongly suspected. The and measure the nonradiological impact of plant listing of environmental parameters to be monitored in operation on environmental systems that (1) are the surveillance program in this section is illustrative and not all-inclusive. Periodic evaluation of the findings of potentially subject to alteration by plant operation and the surveillance program will provide the basis for (2) are significant to the quality of animal (including human) and plant life in the power plant environs. Biota modification of the program to ensure that the surveil lance effort is sufficient and justified when compared to that should be surveyed, in most. cases, are those identified in Section 2.2 of Regulatory Guide 4.2, current assessment of the effect that plant operation is having on the environment. Any modification of surveil "Preparation of Environmental Reports for Nuclear lance programs should be accompanied by submission of Power Plants," as "important species." Organization of program elements into abiotic and biotic subdivisions, as a formal change in the environmental technical specifica shown below, is recommended.

tions per Section 5.6.3.

4.8-7

3.1.1 Abiotic (2) fmpingzmwit ,f .  ; LOutermine the numbers of fish and other organisms that impinge on a. Aquatic intake screens. The significance of impingement losses should be evaluated within die context of the findings of (I) Chemical Discharges. Monitor the concen the generai *.:;*gi:rl *:.'ý * . t: m c,* usd tration and dispersion of specific chemicals, suspended to sample and ,et-of t5:e o ,rg.. i.- a.d are solids, and total dissolved solids in the receiving waters. killed at the in~ajkc . a re Chemical discharges include all dissolved and to be returned tG the receiving 4atL,. ineiigate thehi particulate materials released by the plant to the subsequent survival receiving waters at concentrations in the effluent above ambient and may include biocides, corrosion inhibitors, Forms. ietckrnie thc spe ,wia+

ui pidantity ol heavy metals, corrpsion products, and in-plant treatment important organismrs entrained and die effects of chemicals. entrainment on immediate sunvival of individuals and

(2) Dissolved Gases. Monitor aqueous concentra long-term survival of the species population in natural tions of dissolved gases such as oxygen and nitrogen in waters. The significance of entrainment mortalities the vicinity of the plant. should be evaluated within the con text of the findings of

(3) Thermnal Measurments. Monitor the thermal the general ecological survey and the effects on impor characteristics of the receiving waters upstream and tant species populations. investigations - ,hould be downstream of the plant discharge. performed seasonally on a ditl baWs aild, where possible,

(4) Erosion and Sedimentation. Monitor erosion should indicate the contribution of mechanical, thermal, and sedimentation processes in the vicinity of the plant. and chemical stresses to the overall effects observed.

b. Terrestrial

b. Terrestrial

(1) Soil Chemistry. Monitor changes in soil (1) General Ecological Suevy. Determine the chemistry at facilities with cooling towers, or where effects of plant operation on important vegetation and existing surface water runoff patterns have been wildlife, including resident iod wmi r.ivy birds. Such modified. effects may result from dift orinpating from plant

(2) Ground Water. Monitor changes of ground cooling systems, noise, and mainteriance of transirdssion water levels and/or the artesian properties of existing line corridors.

ground water sources at facilities where consumptive use (2) Other Program Elements Evaluate unique site or plant design features tu di*ezv p1) :;1.2i. dvrr of ground water and other plant-related activities may adversely affect ground water resources in the site effects on terrestrial biota. SuJ, effect3 ,ahi mclude environs. immediate and long-term chaoge.' m spc;:!es abandance,

(3) Other Program Elements. Monitor unique diversity, distribution, and comipobizon.

plant or sitp features to evaluate potential adverse terrestrial impacts. This activity may include monitoring 3.2 Radi(oWagcal .nu,li ,torlht the effects of herbicides used to maintain transmission lUne rights of way, measuring noise, monitoring effects of Radiological environmental monilortng programs onsite or nehrsite solid waste disposal operations, and should be established to provide data on measurable measuring physical effects of fogging, icing, and drift levels of radiation and radioactive materials in the site contaminants from closed-cycle cooling systems. environs. Appendix I to 10 CFR Part 50 requires that the relationship between quantities of radioactive mate rial released in effluents during normal operation,

3.1.2 Biotic including anticipated operationil ocuucrimces, aid resul tant radiation doses to individuals fromn priridpal path a. Aquatic ways of exposure be evaluated. MoIoring programs are conducted to verify the in-plant controls used for (I) General Ecological Survey. Determine the controlling the release. of radioactive ii*te~iais Surveil effects of plant operation by comparing operational and lance should be established to idenvfy chagcs in the use preoperational values of selected ecological parameters of unrestricted areas to provide a b',&i! for mjudifications that can adequately gauge changes in the distribution in the monitoring programs.

and abundance of species populations identified in NRC Regulatory Guide 4.1, Re.-. -, "'.oa-ams for baseline studies or control area studies as particularly Monitoring Radioacti-'icy in *t .*i;,ý c-f Nuclear vulnerable to impact. Key indicator organisms should be Power Plants," provides an acc*.j-&blc basis for the identified prior to plant startup. Endangered or design of programs to mon'ho.r .-.... *......-d, tion and threatened species should receive special attention. radioactivity in plant environs.

4.8-8

responsibilities, organizational stiucture, operam,f:,

In describing the radiologlcal envtounnentrM munitor ing program, specify the size and physical characteristics procedures, review and audit functions, and reportimi specifications.

of each sample, the types of radiological analyses to be performed, and the measuring equipment to be used. 5.1 Responsibility The determinate error of measurement for specific

• radionuclides should also be provided. Describe the assignment of ,naltg,*. , .'

An acceptable format for summarizinýl, ad iepoiting bility at both the plant and corpoi:r *",'cI for radioactivity in environmental samples is provided in implementing environmental technical specib.ons f1i,,

Table 1. Table 2 provides the elements of a radiological ensuring that plant operations are conducted t., pfovidk monitoring program. Table 3 is included to indicate continued protection to the environment, and for acceptable .aetection capabilities for environmental coordination of environmental technical specifications samples. with safety technical specifications.

The intensive program outlined in Table 2 should be Define the administrative measures for ensuring that conducted for the first three years of commercial the individual or group assigned the responsibility for operation (or other period corresponding to a maximum auditing or otherwise verifying that an activity has been burnup in the initial core cycle). Following this period, correctly performed is independent of the individual or program changes may be proposed based on operational group directly responsible for performing the specific experience. activity.

Guidelines for submitting the Annual Environmental The applicant may delegate to other organizations the Operating Report are given in Section 5.6.1.

work of, but not the responsibility for, proposing and Guidelines for submitting nonroutine reports and executing portions of the environmental technical speci action to be taken when a radiological environmental fications.

report level is exceeded are given in Section 5.6.2.

Acceptable wording for Section 3.2 technical specifi.

cations is provided in Appendix I of this guide. 5.2 Organization Provide organization charts at the plant and corporate levels relative to environmental matters and describe the functioning of the organization with respect to environ

4 SPECIAL SURVEILLANCE AND mental matters.

STUDY ACTIVITIES

This section should contain a description of those 5.3 Review and Audit special surveillance or study activities that (1) are already planned by the applicant or were identified Describe the method for providing independent during the NEPA review as being necessary and (2) are review and audit of environmental matters and define the review and audit responsibilities and authorities.

not included in Section 3. Examples of the types of As a minimum, the following should require review activities that might be included in. this section are and audit:

thermal plume mapping, laboratory studies on the thermal or chemical tolerance of important migratory or a. Preparation of the proposed environmental tech resident organisms, migratory behavior of important fish nical specifications.

species, and other studies which provide information b. Coordination of environmental techtical specifi supporting determination of optimum limiting cations with the safety technical specifications to avoid conditions for operation. conflicts and maintain consistency.

The description should include a summary of the c. Proposed changes to the environmental technical objective of the activity, the general approach to specifications and the evaluation of impact resulting accomplishing the objective, a schedule of significant from the change.

d. Proposed written procedures (see Section 5.5) and milestones, and the schedule for reporting the results to proposed changes thereto which affect the environ the NRC. In general, special surveillance and study mental impact of the plant.

activities should be defined closely with regard to their specific goals and duration. e. Proposed changes or modifications to 'plant systems or equipment to determine the environmental impact of the changes.

f. Results of the environmental monitoring programs

5 ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS prior to their submittal in each Environmental Operating Administrative and management controls established Report (see Section 5.6.1).

by the applicant to provide continuing protection to the g. Investigation of all reported instances of violations environment and to implement the environmental of environmental technical specifications. Where technical specifications should be described in this investigation indicates, evaluation and formulation of section. This section should include the assignment of recommendations to prevent recurrence.

4.8-9

5.4 Action To Be Taken If a Limiting Condition Director of the NRC Regional Office (with a copy to the for Operation is Exceeded Director, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation) as a separate document within 90 days after January 1 of The following wording is acceptable for this section: each year. The period of the first report shall begin with the date of initial criticality. The report shall include

"5.4.1 Remedial action as permitted by the technical summaries, interpretations, and statistical evaluation of specification shall be taken until the condition can be the results of the nonradiological environmental surveil met. lance activities (Section 3) and the environmental monitoring programs required by limiting conditions for

"5.4.2 Exceeding a limiting condition for operation operation (Section 2) for the report period, including a shall be investigated by the independent review and comparison with preoperational studies, operational audit authority. controls (as appropriate), and previous environmental surveillance reports and an assessment of the observed

"5.4.3 A report for each occurrence shall be pre impacts of the plant operation on the environment. If pared as specified in Section 5.6.2." harmful effects or evidence of irreversible damage are detected by the monitoring, the licensee shall provide an

5.5 Procedures analysis of the problem and a proposed course of action to alleviate the problem.

The following wording is acceptable for this section:

"5.5.1 Detailed written procedures, including "Part B: Radiological Report. A report on the applicable checklists and instructions, shall be prepared radiological environmental surveillance programs for the and foliovedl for all activities involved in carrying out previous 12 months of operation shall be submitted to the envirbnmental technical specifications. Procedures the Director of the NRC Regional Office (with a copy to snall include sampling, data recording and storage, the Director, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation) as a instrument calibration, measurements and analyses, and separate document within 90 days after January 1 of actions to be taken when limits are approached or each year. The period of the first reportshall begin with exceeded. Testing frequency of any alarms shall be the date of initial criticality. The reports shall include included. These frequencies shall be determined from summaries, interpretations, and statistical evaluation of experience with similar instruments in similar environ the results of the radiological environmental surveillance ments and from manufacturers' technical manuals. activities for the report period, including a comparison

"Procedures shall be prepared for ensuring the quality with preoperational studies, operational controls (as of program results, including analytical measurements, appropriate), and previous environmental surveillance which document the ppogram in policy directives, reports and an assessment of the observed impacts of the designate a responsible organization or individuals, plant operation on the environment. The reports shall include purchased services (e.g., contractual lab or other also include the results of land use censuses required by contract services), include audits by licensee personnel, the specifications. If harmful effects or evidence of irreversible damage are detected by the monitoring, the and include systems to identify and correct deficiencies, licensee shall provide an analysis of the problem and a investigate anomalous or suspect results, and review and proposed course of action to alleviate the problem.

evaluate program results and reports.

"Results of all radiological environmental

"5.5.2 Plant standard operating procedures shall samples taken shall be summarized and tabulated on an include provisions, in addition to the procedures annual basis. [The format of Table 1 should be used.] *

In the event that some results are not available within specified in Section 5.5.1, to ensure that all plant the 90-day period, the report shall be submitted noting systems and components are operated in compliance with the limiting conditions for operations established as and explaining the reasons for the missing results. The missing data shall be submitted as soon as possible in a part of the environmental technical specifications."

supplementary report.

5.6 Plant Reporting Requirements b. Radioactive Effluent Release Report The following wording is acceptable for this section: "A report on the radioactive discharges released from the site during the previous 6 months of operation

"S.6.1 Routine Reports shall be submitted to the Director of the NRC Regional Office (with a copy to the Director, Office of Nuclear a. Annual Eivironmental Operating Report

• The statement in brackets I]is meant for clarification only and is

"PartA: Nonradiological Report. A report on not acceptable wording for this section. Guidance for addi the environmental surveillance programs for the previous tional reporting requirements will be developed ond included in

12 months of operation shall be submitted to the a revision to this guide.

4.8-10

Reactor Regulation) within 60 days after January 1 and impact, (b) describe the cause of the occurrence, and (c)

July 1 of each year. The period of the first report shail indicate the corrective action (including any significant begin with the date of initial criticality. The report shall changes made in procedures) taken to preclude repeti include a summary of the quantities of radioactive liquid tion of the occurrence and to prevent similar occur.

and gaseous effluents and solid waste released from the rences involving similar components or systems.

plant as outlined in Regulatory Guide 1.21, "Measuring, "The significance of an unusual or apparently Evaluating, and Reporting Radioactivity in Solid Wastes important event with regard to environmental impact and Releases of Radioactive Materials in Liquid and may not be obvious or fully appreciated at the time of Gaseous Effluents from Light-Water-Cooled Nuclear occurrence. In such cases, the NRC shall be informed Power Plants," with data summarized on a quarterly promptly of changes in the licensee's assessment of the basis following the format of Appendix B thereof. significance of the event and a corrected report shall be

"The report shall include a summary of the submitted as expeditiously as possible.

meteorological conditions concurrent with 'the release of gaseous effluents during each quarter as outlined in b. Nonroutine Radiological Environmental Regulatory Guide 1.21, with data summarized on a Operating Reports quarterly basis following the format of Appendix B

thereof. Calculated offsite dose to humans resulting "The nonroutine reporting requirements for from the release of effluents and their subsequent radiological environmental monitoring are divided into dispersion in the atmosphere shall be reported as several sections: (1) anomalous measurements and (2)

recommended in Regulatory Guide 1.21. [additional reporting specifications pursuant to Appen dix I to 10 CFR Part 50 may be proposed].* The

'5.6.2 Nonroutine Reports section on anomalous measurements applies to specifica tions for all nuclear power plants.

a. Nonroutine Environmental Operating Reports

"(1) Anomalous Measurement Repor

t. If a

"A report shall be submitted in the event that confirmed measured level of radioactivity in any en vironmental medium exceeds ten times the control (a) a limiting condition for operation is exceeded (as specified in -Section .2, "Limiting Conditions for station value, a written report shall be submitted to the Operation"), (b) a report level is reached (as specified in Director of the NRC Regional Office (with a copy to the Section- 3, "Environmental Surveillance"), or (c) an Director, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation) within unusual or important event occurs that causes a signifi 10 days after confirmation.** This report shall include cant ,environmental impact, that affects potential an evaluation of any release conditions, environmental environmental impact from plant(s) operation, or that factors, or other aspects necessary to explain the anomalous result.

has high public or potential public interest concerning environmental impact from plant(s) operation. Reports "(2) [Reporting requirements to be devel shall be submitted under one of the report schedules oped.] *

described below. c. Nonroutine Radioactive Effluent Reports

"(1) Prompt Report. Those events requiring prompt reports shall be reported within 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> by "If the quantity of radioactive material released telephone, telegraph, or facsimile transmission to the in effluents to unrestricted areas during any calendar Director of the NRC Regional Office and within 10 days quarter is such that the resulting radiation exposure by a written report to the Director of the Regional NRC exceeds one-half the design objective annual exposure Office (with a copy to the Director, Office of Nuclear derived pursuant to Appendix I to 10 CFR Part 50, the Reactor Regulation). licensee shall make an investigation to identify the

"(2) 30-Day Report. Those events not requiring causes of such releases and define and initiate a program prompt reports shall be reported within 30 days by a of action to reduce such releases to the design objective written report to the Director of the NRC Regional levels. A written report of these actions shall be Office (with a copy to the Director, Office of Nuclear submitted to the Director of the NRC Regional Office Reactor Regulation). (with a copy to the Director, Office of Nuclear Reactor

"The reporting schedule for reports concerning

• The statement in brackets (Iis meant for clarification only and is limiting conditions for operation and report levels shall not &cceptable wording for this section. Guidance for addi be specified in the licensee's technical specifications. tional reporting requirements will be developed and included in Reports concerning unusual or important events shall be a revision to this guide.

reported on the prompt schedule.

"Written 10-day and 30-day reports and, to the **A confirmatory reanalyss of the original, a duplicate, or a new sample may be desirable, as appropriate. The results of extent possible, the preliminary telephone, telegraph, or the confirmatory analysis shall be completed at the earliest facsimile reports shall (a) describe, analyze, and evaluate time consistent with the analysis, but in any case within 30

the occurrence, including extent and magnitude of the days.

4.8-11

Regulation) within 30 days from the end of ltec quarter 5.8 Special Requirements during which the release occurred." Plant-related proposed specifications for which no monitoring or reporting specifications have been pro

"5.6.3 Changes in Environmental Technical Specifica posed in Sections 2 and 3 should be included in this tions section, if failure to meet such specifications could result

"a. A report shall be made to the NRC prior to in a significant environmental impact. Such proposed implementation o*A change in plant design, in plant specifications should consider. but should not be limited operation, or in procedures described in Section 5.5 if to, the following:

the change would have a significant effect on the environment or involves an environmental matter or a. Environmentally sensitive design parameters such question not previously reviewed and evaluated by the as intake velocity and discharge velocity.

NRC. The report shall include a description and evalua b. Criteria related to environmentally significant tion of the change and a supporting benefit-cost analysis. operating practices and procedures such as cooling system operation.

"b. Request for changes in environmental tech nical specifications shall be submitted to the Director, c. Operating requirements for special equipment such Division of Reactor'Licensing, for review and authoriza as fish barriers.

d. Practices relating to the use of herbicides, erosion tion. The request shall include an evaluation of the environmental impact of the proposed change and a control, and landscaping.

supporting benefit-cost analysis." Any physical or procedural changes that would affect these specifications should be reported per proposed specifications in Section 5.6.3.a.

5.7 Records Retention IMPLEMENTATION

The following wording is acceptable for this section: The purpose of this section is to provide information.

to applicants and licensees regarding the staff's plans for

"5.7.1 Records and logs relative to the following areas utilizing this regulatory guide.

shall be made and retained for the life of the plant:

"a. Records and drawings detailing plan.t design Except in those cases in which the applicant proposes changes and modifications made to systems and equip an alternative method for complying with specified ment as described in Section 5.6.3. portions ofthe Commission's regulations, the method

"b. Records of all data from environmental moni described herein will be used in the evaluation of toring, surveillance, and special surveillance and study submittals for operating license applications docketed activities required by these environmental technical after September 1, 1976.

specifications. If an applicant wishes to use tnis regulatory guide in developing submittals for applications docketed on or

"5.7.2 All other records and logs relating to the prior to September 1, 1976, the pertinent portions or environmental technical specifications shall be retained the application will be evaluated on the basis of this for five years following logging or recording." guide.

4.8-12

TABLE 1 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM SUMMARY

Name of Facility Docrket No. __________

Location of Facility DocetNo

"(Conty S11tat".e)

(County, State)

Number of Nonroutine Medium or Pathwmy Sampled (Unit of Measurement) Distance and Direction I 4- Air Particulates (pCi/m 3 ) 0.08 (200/312) Middletown 0.10(5/52) 0.08 (8/104) 1

5 miles 340W (0.082.0) (0.05-1.40)

(0.05-2.0)

0.051(4/24) Smithville 0.08(2/4) <LLD 4

(0.03-0.13) 2.5 miles 1600 (0.03-0.13)

00l C

0

4..

0.03(2/24) Podunk 0.05(2/4) 0.02 (1/8) 1 CL

U (0.01-0.08) 4.0 miles 270* (0.01-0.08)

E <LLD 0

a. 40 <LLD

UJ

x

40 <LLD <LLD 0

Fish pCi/kg (dry weight)

<LLD <LLD 90(1/4) 0

<LLD <LLD <LLD 0

120 (3/4) River Mile 35 See column 4 <LLD 0

(90-200) Podunk River j _____________________

aNominal Lower Limit of Detection (LLD) as defined in HASL-300 (Rev. 8/73), pp. D.-0801, 02,03. is indicated in parentheses. (f)

b Mean and range based upon detectable measurements only. Fraction of detectable measurements at specified locations CNonroutine reported measurements are defined in Section 5.6.2.h.

TABLE 2 OPERATIONAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Exposure Pathway Nu me of Samplea Sampling and Type and Frequency and/or Sample and Locations Collection Frequency of Analysis AIRBORNE

Particulates 3 samples from locations (in difterent sectors) of the highest offsite ground-level concentrations

1 sample from the residence having the highest X/Q as Continuous sampler operation with Gross beta radi( activity following well as each of 1-3 communities within a 10-mile sample collection weekly or as re filter change,b composite (by radius of the facility quired by dust loading, whichever is location) for g. ima isotopicc more frequent and composite Sr-89, -90 analyses

2 samples from control locations (10-20 miles quarterly distant and in the least prevalent wind direction)d

.,=

900 Radioiodine 2 samples from locations (in different sectors) having Continuous sampler operation with Analyze weekly for 1-131 the highest offsite ground-level concentrations canister collection weekly¢,e

1 sample from the residence having the highest X/O as well as 1 community within a 10-mile radius of the facility

1 sample from a control location (10-20 miles distant and in the least prevalent wind direction)

Soilf Samples from the same locations as for air particulates Once per 3 years Gamma isotopic, Sr-90 on plus 5 additional locations collection DIRECT 2 or more dosimeters to be placed at the same Quarterly Gamma dose quarterly locations as for air particulates, as well as 2 additional control locations (selected on a basis similar to the 2 air sample control locations)

2 or more dosimeters to be placed at each of 3 other locations (different sectors) of highest calculated offsite ground-level dose

"-ued)

\

TABLE 2 (Continued)

Exposure Pathway and/or Sample

1 Numbe" of Samples&

and Locations I

Sampling and Collection Frequency Type and Frequency of Analysis WATERBORNE

Surfaceg 1 sample upstream Composite sample h,1 Gamma isotopic analysis monthly.

1 sample in immediate area of discharge Composite for tritium and Sr-89 -90 analyses quarterly Ground 1 or 2 samples from sources most likely to be Quarterly Gamma isotopic and tritium affected J analyses quarterly

1 sample from ground water source upgradient Drinking 1 sample of each of 1 to 3 supplies obtained within Composite sample' Radioiodine analysis semimonthly.

10 miles of the facility which could be affected by Gross pb and gamma isotopic anal its discharge, or the first supply within 100 miles yses monthly. Composite for tritium and Sr-89, -90 analyses if none exists within WO miles quarterly AQUATIC

Sediment & 1 sample upstream from discharge point Semiannually Gamma isotopic. Sr-89 (except Indicator for sediments), and Sr-GO

Organisms k 1 sample in immediate downstream area of discharge analyses semiannually point'

1 sample at downstream impoundment Sediment from 1 sample from downstream area with existing or Semiannually Gamma isotopic and Sr-90

Shoreline potential recreational value analyses semiannually INGESTION

Milk 1 sample at the offsite dairy farm or individual Weekly or semimonthly depending Gamma isotopic and Sr-89, -90

milk animal at the location having the highest x/Q on calculated dosem analyses monthly

1 sample from milking animals in each of 3 areas Radioiodine analysis weekly or where doses are calculated to be greater than 1 mrem semimonthly when animals are per year on pasturem (Continued)

TABLE 2 (Continued)

Exposure Pathway Number of Samples a Sampling and Type and Frequency and/or Sample and Locations I Collection Frequency of Analysis INGESTION (Cont.)

Milk (Cont.) 1 sample from milking animals at a control location

(10-20 miles distant and in the least prevalent wind direction)

Fish and 1 sample of each commercially and recreationally Semiannually or in season Gamma isotopic analysis on Invertebrates important species in vicinity of discharge point edible portions

1 sample of same species in areas not influenced by plant discharge Fruits and I sample of each principal food product grown near At time of harvestn Gamma isotopic analysis on edible Vegetables the point having the highest x/Q and from any area portion.n Radioiodine analysis which is irrigated by water in which liquid plant on green leafy vegetables wastes have been discharged

1 sample of green leafy vegetables at private gardensn and/or farms in the immediate area of plant

1 sample of each of the same foods grown 10-20 miles distant in the least prevalent wind direction Meat and 1 sample or more of meat, poultry, and eggs from Semiannually Gamma isotopic analysis on edible Poultry0 animals fed on crops grown within 10 miles of the portions facility at the prevailing downwind direction or where drinking water is supplied from a downstream source

1 sample of each of the same foods produced at locations 10-20 miles distant in the least prevalent wind direction

1 sample from major game species in areas where these provide an important source of dietary protein (Continued)

(

TABLE 2 (Continued)

aThe number, media, and location of sampling may very from site to site. It is 'Composite samples should be collected with equipment (or equivalent) which is recognized that, at times, it may not be possible or practical to obtain samples of the capable of collecting an aliquot at time intervals which are very short (e.g., hourly)

media of choice at the most desired location or time. In these instances suitable

.relative to the compositing period (e.g., monthly).

alternative media and locations may be chosen for the particular pathway in question lGround water samples should be taken when this source is tapped for drinking or and submitted for acceptance. Refer to Regulatory Guide 4.1, "Programs for irrigation purposes in areas where the hydraulic gradient or recharge properties are Monitoring Radioactivity in the Environs of Nuclear Power Plants." suitable for contamination.

bParticulate sample filters should be analyzed for gross beta 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> or more kAquatic plants and animals to be sampled after should be specified as closely as sampling to allow for radon and thoron daughter decay. If grosi betapactivity in air or practicable, e.eg;:attached and, floating algae, floating and rooted aquatic plants, water is greater than 10 times the mean of control samples for.any medium, gamma migratory and nonmigratory fish, zooplankton, phytoplankton, and shellfish.

isotopic analysis should be performed on the individual samples. Nomenclature by common name should be used.

cGnmrfn isotopic analysis means the identification and quantification of

• gamma-emitting radionuclides that may be attributable to the' effluents from the 'Other sampling locations may be required for certain sites. For further guidance see

-a, , - -% I pertinent footnotes in Table 1 of EPA document ORP/SID 72-2, Environmental

00 facility.,

Radioactivity Surveillance Guide, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, June 1972.

dThe purpose of this sample is to obtain background information. If it is not practical to establish 0.cntrol locations in accordance with the distance and wind direction mMilk samples should be- collected and analyzed weakly in areas where the calculated criteria, other sites which provide valid background data may be substituted. dose to a child's thyroid exceeds 15 mrem/yr. Sampling and analysis should be eCanisters for the collection of radioiodjne in air are subject to channeling. These semimonthly in areas where the dose is calculated to be < 15 mrem/yr. For further devices should be careiully checkedibefore operation in the field or several should be guidance on milk-child pathway sampling media, frequency of sampling, method of mounted in series to prevent loss of iodine. analysis and locations, the user is referred to Regulatory Guide 4.1, "Programs for tAny soil sampling and analysis program capable.of measuring 0ong-term Monitoring Radioactivity in the Environs of Nuclear PowerPlants." and Regulatory accumulation of radioactivity, such as presented in HASL-300 or Regulatory Guide 4.5. is ac Guide 4.3, "Measurements of Radionuclides in the Environment-Analysis of 1-131 captable to the staff (HASL-300, HASL Proced*res Mantel, J.H. Harley, Ed., Rev. in Milk."

August 1974). ý ' " r'Where access to green leafy vegetables from private gardens is not possible, n6nedible

,gFor facilities not locatedK on a stream, the "upstream sample" shduld be taken at a plants with similar leaf characteristics from the same vicinity may be substituted.

If distance beyond significant influence of the discharges. The "downstream" sample harvest occurs more than once a year, sampling shou;d be perfomed during each should be taken io an area beyond the olutfall, which would aliow for mixing and dicrete harvest. If harvest occurs continuously, sampling should be monthly.

dilution. "Upstream" samples in a tidal area must be taken far enough upstream to Attention should be paid to including samples of tuberous ana root vegetables.

be beyond the plant influence and should be above the salt water intrusion. Sampling of feedstuffs and forage may be substituted for meat and poultry Generally, salt water is not sampled except when the receiving water is utilized for However, sampling frequency for su*h media should be monthly.

recreational activities.

TABLE 2 (Contied)

Note: In addition to the dmove guidance for operationa] monitoring, the following material Is supplied for guidance on preoperational programs.

Preoperahional Environmental Survailance Pogram A Preoperational Environmental Surveillance Program should be lIntituted 2 years prior to the institution of plant operation.

The pu p ca of this pogrlm are:

1. To memure background levels and their variations aong the anticipated critical pethways in the are surrounding the plant

2. To train personnel

3. To evaluate pocedus, equipment, and techniquoe The elemet (Ismpliln media and type of analysis) of both properatloU and operational programs should be essentially the sane. The duration of the preoperational program, for specific meia. poem.ente In the following lable I*ould be followed:

Duration Preopmada S pll Ram fr Spaeif Mail.

6mI yaw 2 yms

"" airborne iodine

• sd nperticums i direct radiation

00 0 iodine In milk (while

• milk I fish and lnwrtabra animals e In posture) 0 surfawe ow 0 fruits Ond vaetbles e soil tone ast of supple)

• ground wAM a ma t and poultry Sd6-tn ve a sedliment& Indicator R 0 in

(

TABLE 3 DETECTION CAPABILITIES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLE ANALYSIS

Lower Limit of Detection (LLD)a Airborne Particulate Fish, Meet, Water or Gast or Poultry Milk Vegetation Soil Analysis (pCi/I) (PJim3) (pCi/kg, wet) (pCill) (pCi/kg, wet) (pCi/kg, dry)

gross beta 2 1 x 10-2

3H 330

54Mn 15 130

59 Fe 30 260

58.60Co 15 130

00

..= 65 Zn 30 260

3 10

89Sr 10 5 x 10- 40

3

9 0 Sr 2 1 x 10- 8 2 150

95Zr-Nb 10

2

1311 0.4 7 x 10- 0.4 80

134,137Cs 15 1 x 10- 2 130 15 80 150

140

Ba-La 15 15

• The nominal lower limit of detection is defined in HASL 300 (Rev. 8/74). pp. O-QS-01, 02, 03 at the 95% confidence level. The LLD levels are decay corrected to the end of the total sampling period. The LLD for radionudides analyzed by gamma spectrometry will vary according to the number of radionuclides encountered in environmental samples.

These LLD levels should be used as minimum criteria for objectives for instrumentation and analytical procedure selection.

EXAMPLE 1 EXAMPLE OF A LIMITING CONDITION FOR OPERATION*

2.1.2 Maximum Discharge Temperature A continuous temperature monitoring station located less than 1000 feet from the point of discharge shall be Objective used as a backup system if the primary system fails. By correlation methods, data from this station will be used The purpose of this specification is to control thermal to approximate the discharge temperature until the stress to the aquatic ecosystem by limiting the maximum primary system is restored. This station shall be manual temperature of the condenser cooling water discharge. ly checked once per 8 hours9.259259e-5 days <br />0.00222 hours <br />1.322751e-5 weeks <br />3.044e-6 months <br /> to verify compliance with technical specifications. The estimated accuracy of using Specification the backup station temperatures and the correlation between backup and discharge-point temperature is 5 to The condenser cooling water discharge temperature 10%.

shall not exceed 90°F at the control structure in the discharge canal. If the limiting condition of 90OF is Bases**

exceeded for a period greater than 2 hours2.314815e-5 days <br />5.555556e-4 hours <br />3.306878e-6 weeks <br />7.61e-7 months <br />, the event shall be reported promptly according to Section The 90*F effluent temperature limit is established

5.6.2.a(1) of these Technical Specifications and the because most important species of this region cannot following sequential actions shall be taken to maintain tolerate prolonged exposure to temperatures above the cooling water discharge temperature at the control 900 F. Based on a literature review and laboratory studies structure at or below 900 F: of important resident species, 90°F appears to be a maximum temperature that can be chronically tolerated.

(1) Full capacity of the station's dilution pumps shall Discharge temperatures at the control structure are be utilized. expected to approach 90PF for only a few weeks of the year. Mixing of the discharge and receiving water will

(2) The station's operating power level shall be limit temperatures which approach 90*F in the receiving reduced unless an emergency need exists for .the lost water to' the immediate discharge area. Since the time power. An emergency need exists when reduction in duration and spatial extent of temperatures approaching power would mean cutting off firm customers. 90OF are expected to be limited to short periods and to

(3) Additional corrective action shall be undertaken a relatively small area of the receiving water, changes detrimental to the aquatic ecosystem structure and to meet the specificatiop as rapidly as possible. function are not anticipated.

.Monitoring Requirement The placement of the temperature monitoring instru ment at the control structure will give the tempcrature A mid-depth continuous temperature recorder shall of the discharge water immediately before mixing with be used at the control structure. Temperatures at the the receiving water. The placement of the temperature control structure shall be transmitted to the control sensor at mid-depth in the discharge canal has been room, averaged over one minute, and stored by com shown by temperature measurements at other depths in puter. The- temperature averaged over one minute shall the canal to be representative of the discharge water be visually displayed every minute for monitoring entering the receiving stream. The transmission, com purposes. The accuracy of the system and sensitivity of puter storage, and monitoring program is presently being the temperature sensors shall be 1-3% and 0.1'F, used at other facilities in the applicant's system and has respectively. performed within the limits indicated in the above specification more than 98% of plant operating time.

• This example is provided for illustrative purposes only and it is not intended for use as a model of an environmental technical specification for a limiting condition for operation that is "*The bases should be supported by reference to appropriate generally applicable to all nuclear power stations. published documents and data held by the licensee.

4.8-20

EXAMPLE 2 EXAMPLE OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM ELEMENT*

3.12.a.(2) Impingement of Organisms stunned or other abnormal manner, or is unlikely to survive.

• Objective Reporting Requirement The objective of the monitoring program is to determine the rnumber, size, weight, and species of A prompt report to the NRC according to Section aquatic organisms impinged and killed on the vertical

5.6.2.a(l) of these Technical Specifications is reqt.ired if traveling screens and in trash baskets.

any of the following conditions exist:

Specification (1) The number of individuals of all species of fmfis""

combined exceeds 50 per sample in each of four The number, size, weight, and species of organisms consecutive samples.

impinged and removed from the intake water body and collected in the circulating water trash baskets shall be (2) The number of salmonids exceeds 10 per sample determined. A sample shall consist of all organisms in each of four consecutive samples.

removed from the intake water body and collected in (3) The number of crabs exceeds 20 per sample in the trash baskets as the result of one hour of continuous operation of the traveling screens in all intake bays each of four consecutive samples.

through which water is being pumped. Organisms im pinged and entrapped prior to the one-hour cycle shall Bases"

not be considered part of the sample. Four samples shall be taken each 24-hour period with 5 hours5.787037e-5 days <br />0.00139 hours <br />8.267196e-6 weeks <br />1.9025e-6 months <br /> elapsed The magnitude, of loss and the potential impact to between successive samplings. The time of initiation of the ecosystem in the environs of the power plant each sample period shall be the same each day. For each resulting from impingement and death of aquatic organ sample, all species shall be identified and all individuals isms on the traveling screens is not precisely known or in each species shall be counted. Size and weight determinable on theoretical bases alone. Sampling of measurements shall be taken in a manner consistent with organisms collected in the trash baskets will ensure that fishery practice for all species by one of the following the majority of organisms killed in the intake structure criteria: will be Identified and enumerated. This information when combined with results from the environmental

(1) Individual organisms of one species numbering surveillance program in the intake/receiving water will less than 100 per sample: all individuals shall be sized provide the empirical basis on which to judge the impact and weighed. of the plant operation..

(2) Individual organisms of one species numbering. The report levels for total fmfish, salmonids, and more than 100 per sample: a subsample of 100 crabs are based on the results of population dynamics individuals or 25% of the total individuals of that studies performed in the river supplying cooling water to species, whichever is more, shall be sized and weighed. the plant. Based on these and other population modeling The subsample shall be taken in a manner to avoid bias studies to date, loss by impingement at or below the in size, weight, or physical condition of the organisms in report levels should not result in an unacceptable impact the subsample. to these orgamsms and the ecosystem.

For each organism sized and weighed, a determina Based on existing data, rates of impingement are tion shall be made as to whether the organism is alive or expected to be less than the reporting levels. Impinge dead, based on the following criteria: ment at rates exceeding the report levels for periods up to several days does not imply irreversible unacceptable

(1) An organism is dead if operation of the impacts on the fishery, but indicates a sufficient change breathing apparatus has ceased. from normal rates to warrant reevaluation of plant operating limits designed to protect the fisher

y. Studies

(2) An organism shall be considered dead if it has of the river ecosystem indicate that continued loss of obvious injuries, has lost its equilibrium, is behaving in a organisms at rates exceeding report levels may not be compatible with maintaining the existing species com

• This example is provided for illustrative purposes only and is position or population density of the fishery.

not intended for use as a model of an environmental technical "**The bases should be supported by reference to appropriate specification for an environmental surveillance program that is generally applicable to all nuclear power stations. published documents and data held by the licensee.

4.8-21

APPENDIX 1 ACCEPTABLE WORDING FOR SECTION 3.2, "RADIOLOGICAL

ENVIRONMENTAL IAONITORING," TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 3.2 Radiological Environmental Monitoring which fresh leafy vegetables can no longer be obtained may be dropped from the surveillance program after

3.2.1 Monitoring Requirements notifying the NRC in writing that such vegetables are no longer grown at that location.

Objective D. A census of animals producing milk for human An environmental radiological monitoring program is consumption shall be conducted at the beginning and at conducted to verify projected or anticipated radio the middle of the grazing season to determine their activity concentrations and related public exposures. location and number with respect to the site. The census shall be conducted under the following conditions:

1. Within a 1-mile radius from the plant site or Specifications within the 15 mrem/yr isodose line,t whichever is larger, A. Environmental samples shall be collected and enumeration by a door-to-door or equivalent counting analyzed according to [Applicant's]

• Table 3.2.1.a technique.

[Format and content for Table 3.2.1 .a recommended by 2. Within a 5-mile radius for cows and a 15-mile the staff is'provided in Table 2 of this guide] at the radius for goats, enumeration by using referenced location shown in Figure 3.2.1. [Figure should consist of information from county agricultural agents or other a map of suitable scale to show all indicator sample reliable sources.

locations, i.e., those within 10 miles.]*

If it is learned from this census that animals are B. Analytical techniques used shall be such that the present at a location which yields a calculated thyroid detection capabilities in [Applicant's]

• Table 3.2.1 .b are dose greater than from previously sampled animals, the achieved [selected detection capabilites recommended new location shall be added to the surveillance program by the staff are presented in Table 3 of Otis guide] .* as soon as practicable. The sampling location having the lowest calculated dose may then be dropped from the C. A census of gardens producing fresh leafy vegeta surveillance program at the end of the grazing season bles for human consumption (e.g., lettuce, spinach, etc.) during which the census was conducted. Also, any shall be conducted near the end of the growing season to location from which milk can no longer be obtained determine their location with respect to the site. This may be dropped from the surveillance program after census is limited to gardens having an area of 500 square notifying the NRC in writing that milk-producing feet or more and shall be conducted under the following animals are no longer present at that location.

conditions:

E. Deviations are permitted from the required

1. Within a 1-mile radius of the plant site, enumera sampling schedule if specimens are unobtainable due to tion by a door-to-door or equivalent counting technique. hazardous conditions, seasonal unavailability or to malfunction of automatic sampling equipmen

t. If the

2. If no milk-producing animals are located in the latter, every effort shall be made to complete corrective vicinity of the site, as determined by Specification D action prior to the end of the next sampling period. All below, the census described in item I. above shall be deviations from the sampling schedule shall be described extended to a distanice of 5 miles from the site. in the annual report.

If this census indicates the existence of a garden at a location yielding a calculated thyroid dose greater than Reporting Requirement that from' the previously sampled garden, the new location shall replace the garden previously having the [Specification of reporting requirements should be maximum iodine concentration. Also, any location from per Section 5.6.1 .a and 5.6.2.b of this guide.] *

• Statement in brackets [( Is meant for clab)ation.only and tDose should be calculated using models and assumption!

should not be included in the Technical Speciflcatjons. presented in Regulatory Guide 1.42.

4.8-22

UNITED STATES

NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, 0. C. 20555 POSTAGr ANO rEES PAID

U.SL NUCLEAR REGULATORY

OFFICIAL BUSINESS COMMISSION

PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300